Unit+2+Morals+and+Virtues+单元语言点Language+points+高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

B3U2.LanguagePoints

知识点词性转换marriagemarry2.________n.大部分；大多数→______adj.主要的；重要的majoritymajor3._________vi.&

vt.抱怨；发牢骚→__________n.投诉；抱怨；控告complaincomplaint4.________vt.回答；回复

vi.做出反应；回应→_________n.反应；回答；回复respondresponse5.______vt.拒绝接受；不录用→_________n.拒绝接受；否决rejectrejection6.________vt.任命；委派→____________n.约会；预约；任命appointappointment7._____vt.选举；推选→________n.选举；推选；当选electelection1._________n.结婚；婚姻→______v.结婚；嫁；娶（导学案P32）8.______vi.&

vt.退休；退职；退出→__________n.退休；退休生活retireretirement9._______n.节省物；节省；节约；［pl.］

储蓄金；存款→_____v.保存；拯救；节省savingsave10._______adj.害怕的；对…感到惊慌或恐惧的→______vt.惊吓；使害怕

vi.受惊吓scaredscare11._________adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→_______n.能源；能量；精力energeticenergy12._________n.手术；企业；经营→________v.操作；运转；动手术operationoperate13.________n.记忆力；回忆→__________v.记忆；记住memorymemorize构词规律v.+-ment→n.n.+-tic→adj.appoint→appointment

预约；任命retire→retirement

退休achieve→achievement

成绩；成就energy→energetic

精力充沛的；充满活力的drama→dramatic

戏剧性的romance→romantic

浪漫的短语背诵1.carry

sb________sth帮助某人渡过难关through2._____to

do

sth易于做某事；往往会发生某事tend3.pass______去世away4.___memory

of作为对……的纪念in5.trip_____被……绊倒over6.tuition

fees______学费7.first

aid______急救8.in

tears________________流着泪；含着泪9.in

despair____________处于绝望中10.a

great

deal

（of）______大量

重点词汇1.

situation

n.情形；形势；突发情况；地理位置

situate

v.使位于；使坐落于in

a

...situation

处于…情况be

situated

at/on/in

...

坐落于…Paris

is

the

capital

and

largest

city

of

France，

situated

on

the

River

Seine.You

could

get

into

a

situation

where

you

have

to

decide

immediately.（导学案P35）2.

be

faced

with

面对face

to

face

面对面地make

a

face/faces

做鬼脸in

the

face

of

面对lose

face

丢脸face和be

faced

with都有“面临；面对”的意思，语法填空题中常以非谓语动词的形式出现，即考查用facing还是faced。当后面有with时选用faced，当后面没有with时选用facing。（导学案P35）（1）______（face）

with

such

a

big

problem，

he

couldn't

sleep

well.Faced（2）He

was

faced_____the

dilemma

of

whether

to

return

to

hiscountry

or

not.with（3）Today

cards

are

often

given

with

a

present，

even

when

people

can

express

their

wishes

face___face.to融会应用

单句填空3.

majority

n.大部分；大多数

major

adj.大的；重要的；主要的

vi.主修

n.主修课

反义词：minority

n.少数；少数派be

in

the/a

majority

占多数a/the

majority

of

大多数a/the

minority

of

少数be

in

the/a

minority

占少数majority/minority作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调群体中的每一个个体时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the

majority/minority

of+n.”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词的单复数相一致。（导学案P39）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Some_________（minor）

languages

are

losing

their

identities

because

of

the

invasion

of

more

popular

spoken

ones.minority（2）Even

though

some

British

people

are

quite

strange，the

majority

of

them____（be）

really

friendly

and

I've

made

some

good

friends.are4.

complain

vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉

complaint

n.投诉；抱怨；牢骚complain

to

sb

about/of

sth

向某人抱怨某事make

a

complaint

提出投诉；抱怨融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Jenny___________（complain）

to

one

of

her

friends

that

the

hospital

had

charged

her

too

much

for

the

treatment.complained（2）I'd

like

to

make

a__________（complain）

about

the

noise.complaint（导学案P40）5.

respond

vt.回答；回复

vi.做出反应；回应

response

n.回答；反应respond

to...with

sth

/

by

doing

sth

通过做某事对…做出反应/给出回复in

response

to

作为答复/回应make

（no）

response

to...对…（不予）给予回答（导学案P40）融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）After

several

rounds

of

competition，the

little

girl

stood

out

because

of

her

excellent

spoken

English

and

quick________（respond）.response（2）All

these

changes

occurred

in

response___economic

or

political

pressures.to（3）We've

prepared

this

guide

to

help

you

respond___such

situations.toⅡ.单句写作（4）I

asked

him

if

I

could

help，but

he_________________.我问他是否我能帮忙，但是他没回答。made

no

response（5）He____________my

suggestion

by

laughing.他对我的建议报以一笑。responded

to6.

hire

vt.聘任；雇用；租用

n.租借；租用hire

sb

to

do

sth

雇用某人做某事hire

sth

out

出租某物for/on

hire

供出租；可出租be

in

the

hire

of

sb

受雇于某人（导学案P41）7.

reject

vt.拒绝接受；不录用

rejection

n.拒绝接受；否决reject

an

argument/a

decision/an

offer/a

suggestion

拒绝接受一个论点/一个决定/一项提议/一个建议It

was

strange

that

he

should

have

rejected

the

practical

suggestion

put

forward

by

us.奇怪的是，

他拒绝了我们提出的行之有效的建议。融会应用

单句填空（2）He

said

that

he_________________（reject）

by

the

university

he

had

been

dreaming

of.had

been

rejected（导学案P41）8.

appoint

vt.任命；委派；安排；确定

appointment

n.任命；约会；约定appoint

sb

as/to

be...

任命某人（某职）appoint

sb

to

do

sth

委派某人做某事by

appointment

按约定时间make

an

appointment

with

sb

与某人预约/约会（导学案P41）融会应用

单句填空（1）The

Prime

Minister

has

appointed

a

civilian___the

defence

minister.as（2）I

have

made

an

appointment_____Dr

Smith.with（3）Our

doctors

are

seen____appointment

only.by（4）The

time__________（appoint）

for

the

meeting

was

10:30

am.appointed9.

elect

vt.选举；推选

election

n.选举；当选elect

to

do

sth

选择做某事elect

sb

to

be/as...

选某人为……（导学案P42）elect表示“选举”，主要指选举某人担任某职位。若所涉及的职位名词在句中作宾语补足语，职位名词前通常不用冠词。eg：The

University

of

Washington

elected

him

dean

in

1956.

在1956年华盛顿大学选他为院长。融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Within

three

months

of

his_______（elect）he

was

forced

to

resign.election（2）California

was

elected__________（become）

the

thirty-first

federal

state

of

the

USA

in

1850.to

becomeⅡ.单句写作（3）（2023·重庆南开中学月考）If_________________________________，

the

first

thing

I

will

do

is

enrich

our

students'

after-class

activities.如果我足够幸运能赢得选举，我要做的第一件事就是丰富学生的课外活动。I

am

lucky

enough

to

win

the

election10.

tend

vt.照顾；照料；护理

vi.倾向；趋于

tendency

n.倾向；趋势tend

（to）

sb

照看/护理某人tend

to

do

sth

倾向于做某事；往往会发生某事tend

to/towards

sth

倾向于某事物have

a

tendency

to

do

sth

有做某事的倾向（导学案P43）融会应用

单句填空（1）It

is

reported

that

housing

prices

have

a_________（tend）

to

decrease

in

some

cities.tendency（2）More

and

more

people

are

tending________（read）

books

on

computers

or

smartphones

rather

than

go

to

the

library

to

read

books.to

read11.

scare

vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓

n.恐慌；惊吓

scaring

adj.令人害怕的

scared

adj.害怕的；感到惊慌或恐惧的scare...away/off

把……吓跑scare

sb

into

doing

sth

威胁/恐吓某人做某事be

scared

of

（doing/to

do）sth

害怕（做）某事be

scared

to

death

（=very

frightened）

吓得要死give

sb

a

scare

吓某人一跳（导学案P43）融会应用

单句填空（1）Some

kids

are

eager

for

success

and

scared___failure.of（2）The

girl

was

so_______（scare）

that

she

nearly

burst

into

tears.scared（3）That

movie

was

so_______（scare）

that

Henry

felt

frightened

at

the

thought

of

it.scaring12.replace

vt.接替；取代；更换

replacement

n.更换；替代品replace

A

with/by

B

用B取代Areplace

sb

as...

取代某人成为……（导学案P44）表示“代替某人/某物”的短语还有：take

the

place

of

sb/sth、take

sb's/sth's

place、in

place

of

sb/sth、in

sb's/sth's

place。融会应用

单句填空（1）It

is

generally

believed

that

teachers

will

never

be

replaced

________computers

in

class.by/with（2）Optimism

was

gradually

taking____place

of

pessimism.the（3）You

can

use

milk___place

of

cream

in

this

recipe.in13.

carry...

through

帮助…渡过难关；完成（计划等）carry

on

继续；坚持carry

on

with

sth/doing

sth

继续（做）某事carry

out

实行；执行；履行（诺言、义务等）融会应用

用carry的相关短语填空（1）In

my

opinion，the

plan

should______________immediately.be

carried

out（2）You'll

have

an

accident

if

you_________driving

like

that.carry

on（3）Please_____________your

work

while

I'm

away.carry

on

with（导学案P44）14.

否定的比较级结构表示最高级含义

最高级含义的其他表达法：（1）否定词+so/as+形容词/副词原级+as（2）all

the

other+名词复数the

other+名词复数any

other+名词单数any

of

the

other+名词复数anything/anyone

else比较级+than+（导学案P45）融会应用

单句填空（1）I

have

never

heard

a______（good）

voice

than

hers.better（2）No

other

book

has

had

a_______（great）

effect

on

my

life.greater（3）Canada

has

more

fresh

water_____any

of

the

other

countries

in

the

world.than15.

would

rather

do

sthwould

rather

do

sth

“宁愿做某事”。would

rather

not

do

sth

宁愿不做某事would

rather

do

sth

than

do

sth=would

do

sth

rather

than

do

sth=prefer

to

do

sth

rather

than

do

sth

宁愿做……，也不愿做……（导学案P45）Ⅱ.一句多译如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈，也不愿与他们的父母面对面谈话。（3）Nowadays，

some

teenagers________________________________________________________________face

to

face.（would

rather...than...）

would

rather

chat

with

strangers

online

than

talk

with

their

parents（4）Nowadays，

some

teenagers________________________________________________________________face

to

face.（would...rather

than...）

would

chat

with

strangers

online

rather

than

talk

with

their

parents（5）Nowadays，

some

teenagers________________________________________________________________________face

to

face.（prefer

to...rather

than...）

prefer

to

chat

with

strangers

online

rather

than

talk

with

their

parentswould

rather后跟从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气:would

rather

sb

did

sth宁愿某人做某事（用一般过去时表示对现在和将来的虚拟）；would

rather

sb

had

done

sth宁愿某人做过某事（用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟）。融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）We

would

rather

our

daughter_______（stay）

at

home

with

us，but

it

is

her

choice，and

she

is

not

a

child

any

longer.stayed（2）What

a

pity！

I

would

rather

you_____________（follow）our

teacher's

advice

yesterday.had

followed16.

动词不定式作后置定语（1）在the

first、the

second、the

last、the

next、the

only等词和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用动词不定式作后置定语。（2）在time、way、chance、ability、promise等抽象名词后，常用动词不定式作后置定语。The

best

way

to

travel

is

to

take

a

high-speed

train.最好的旅行方式是坐高铁。The

chance

to

go

for

a

picnic

has

been

ruined.去野餐的机会被毁了。（导学案P46）融会应用

单句写作（1）He

is

the

only

man_________________.他是唯一知道真相的人。to

know

the

truth（2）The

public

never

had

faith

in

his

ability__________________.公众从来不相信他有能力做好这一工作。to

do

the

job

well（3）Thenextman______________wassellingexpensivepensandwatches.接着向我走过来的那个人正在卖高档钢笔和手表。to

approach

me17.

whisper

vi.&vt.

悄声说；耳语；低语

n.耳语/低语（声）；传言；谣传whisper

about

sth

低声说……whisper

sth

in

sb's

ear

在某人耳边低声说……whisper

（sth）

to

sb

对某人低声说（某事）whisper

（to

sb）

that...

低声（跟某人）说……It

was

whispered

that...有人私下说……in

a

whisper/in

whispers

小声地；低声地（导学案P48）融会应用

单句填空（1）His

aunt

was

sleeping.

The

young

man

whispered___his

uncle

for

fear

of

waking

her

up.to（2）—What

did

your

boss

say

to

you

at

the

meeting?—She

spoke

in_________（whisper），

so

I

didn't

hear

clearly.whispers（3）I

wanted

to

know

what

they

were

whispering______.about18.

assist

vt.帮助；援助

assistance

n.帮助；援助

assistant

n.助手；助理assist

sb

with

sth

帮助某人某事；协助某人某事assist

sb

in

doing

sth帮助某人做某事；协助某人做某事assist

sb

to

do

sth

帮助某人做某事be

of

assistance

有帮助（导学案P48）Ⅱ.一句多译在我的日常生活中，我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。（4）In

my

daily

life，I

think

it

is

my

duty

to_____________________the

housework.assist

my

mother

with（5）In

my

daily

life，I

think

it

is

my

duty

to_____________________the

housework.assist

my

mother

to

do（6）In

my

daily

life，I

think

it

is

my

duty

to_____________________the

housework.assist

my

mother

in

doing融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Her

classmates

assisted

the

old

lady_____her

housework.with（2）The

translations

were

carried

out

with

the__________（assist）of

a

medical

dictionary.assistance（3）His

presence

meant

that

I

had

an

unexpected

teaching________（assist）in

class

whose

creativity

would

infect

other

students.assistant19.

in

memory

of

作为对……的纪念have

a

good/bad

memory

for...

对……记忆力好/差in

favor

of

支持in

praise

of

赞扬in

need

of

需要in

place

of

代替（导学案P49）20.

disguise

vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖

n.伪装；化装用具（导学案P54）disguise

oneself

as

装扮成/伪装成disguise

a

fact

掩盖事实in

disguise

伪装；化装speak

without

disguise毫不掩饰地说see

through

one's

disguise

看穿某人的伪装Ⅰ.单句填空（1）The

supposed

beggar

is

really

a

police

officer___disguise.in（2）In

the

small

room

we

disguise

our

beds___couches

during

the

day.as21.

tear

n.眼泪；泪水

v.撕裂；撕碎；撕开；扯破知识点in

tears

流着泪；含着泪shed

tears

流泪burst

into

tears

突然哭起来tear

down

拆毁tear

up

撕毁；撕碎tear作名词时是可数名词，常用复数形式。（导学案P55）融会应用

单句填空（1）The

workmen

tore______the

old

house

and

built

a

new

one

in

its

place.down（2）When

James

heard

of

the

news

by

telephone，he

cried

Lou's

name

in_____（tear）.tears（3）She

was

so

angry

that

she

tore____the

letter

the

moment

she

read

it.up22.

harm

n.&

vt.伤害；损害

harmful

adj.有害的

harmless

adj.无害的do

sb/sth

harm（=do

harm

to

sb/sth）

对某人/某物造成伤害there

is

no

harm

in

doing

sth

做某事无害处be

harmful

to

对……有害融会应用Ⅰ.单句填空（1）As

we

all

know，smoking

is________（harm）

to

our

health.harmful（2）Staring

at

the

screen

of

the

computer

will

do

harm___your

eyes.to（3）There

is

no

harm___giving

gifts

to

children，but

they

should

not

be

rewards.in（导学案P55）Ⅱ.一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。（4）What

is

known

to

us

is

that

eating

too

much

junk

food

______________________.（harmful）is

harmful

to

our

health（5）It

is

known

to

us

that

eating

too

much

junk

food

_______________________.（harm

n.）does

harm

to

our

health23.

a

great

deal

of大量的（导学案P56）（1）a

great

deal表示“大量；许多”时，是一个名词短语。a

great

deal

of后接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。（2）a

great/good

deal也可以作副词短语，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级，还可以修饰动词。（3）可接不可数名词或可数名词复数a

lot

of/lots

ofamounts

ofa

great/large

quantity

ofgreat/large

quantities

ofmasses

ofplenty

of（2）接不可数名词a

great

deal

ofa

great/large

amount

of表示“许多；很多”的短语:（1）接可数名词复数a

great/large

number

ofa

great/good

manyquite

a

few融会应用

单句填空（1）Large

quantities

of

land

in

the

area__________________（reserve）

for

national

parks

these

years，which____（be）

now

home

to

bears，wolves，and

other

wild

animals.have

been

reservedare（2）The

number

of

books

stolen

from

the

library___（be）

large.is（3）A

large

number

of

books________________（steal）

from

the

library

so

far.have

been

stolen（4）There___（be）

a

great

deal

to

learn

from

Harry's

work.is（5）A

great

deal

of

money______________（spend）

on

food

so

far.has

been

spent重点固定搭配回顾1.be

situated

at/on/in

...2.befacedwithsth=facesthfacetoface3.beinthe/amajoritya/th