北师大版高中英语必修五第6讲：Unit-14-Careers-语法篇(教师版)

Unit14Careers语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通过本节课，学生可掌握unit14中重点语法及其用法，并通过各个题型的练习，巩固语法基础，提升综合解题能力。1.祈使句变间接引语（I）

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基本用法引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式：一种是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号内，这叫直接引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语相当于一个宾语从句。直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要变为ask/tell/ordersb(not)todosht.结构。人称、时间状语、地点状语应按要求作相应变化。如：1.Theteachersaidtous,“Startwritingnow.”Theteacherorderedustostartwritingthen.2.“Pleasedon'tdisturbme,”hesaidtotheboy.Heaskedtheboynottodisturbhim.3.OurEnglishteachersaid,“Bringyouroldclothestoschooltomorrow.”OurEnglishteachertoldustobringouroldclothestoschoolthenextday.

4.

“Stayhereuntiltomorrow,”beggedmygrandma.Mygrandmabeggedmetostaythereuntilthenextday.2.直接引语与间接引语的转换

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基本用法人称的变化在直接引语中，代词要随句意进行改变。大致遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的规律，即第一人称一般要变得与引述部分的主语一致；第二人称一般要变得与引述部分的宾语一致；第三人称一般不改变。如：Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”-----Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.​HesaidtoMrs.Green,“Howdoyougotoworkeveryday?”----HeaskedMrs.Greenhowshewenttoworkeveryday.​Myfathersaid,“Jackisagoodneighbor.”----MyfathersaidthatJackwasagoodneighbor.时态的变化1.如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。如：

Hesaid,“Iamusingtheknife.”---Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.（现在进行时--过去进行时）Shesaid,“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.”---ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.（现在完成时--过去完成时）Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.----Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.（一般过去时--过去完成时）2.时态不需要变化的情况(1).直接引语是客观真理、自然现象或名言警句时。如：OurEnglishteachersaid,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”---OurEnglishteachertoldusthatallworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.我们的英语老师告诉我们，只顾学习不休息，聪明孩子也变傻。(2).

直接引语中有确定的过去时间时。如：Tonysaid,“Thestorytookplaceinthe1930s.”----Tonysaidthatthestorytookplaceinthe1930s.(3).

直接引语时习惯性行为时。如：Hesaid,“Iusuallygotobedat10:30.”---Hesaidheusuallygoestobedat10:30.(4).

只着眼于转述事实，而不侧重动作先于转述动作的时间时。如：Theboysaid,“Ifoundthekeyjustunderthetable.”----Theboysaidhefoundthekeyjustunderthetable.(5).

所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续，并对此点加以强调时。如：Thereportersaid,“Thewarbetweenthetwocountriesisstillon.”----Thereportersaidthewarbetweenthetwocountriesisstillon.(6).

when,while,since等引导时间状语从句时。如：Mygrandfathersaid,“ItismanyyearssinceIworkedhere.”---Mygrandfathersaiditwasmanyyearssinceheworkedthere.(7).直接引语中的情态动词没有过去式时。如：Mymothersaid,“Youmustcleantheroomtoday.”---MymothersaidImustcleantheroomthatday.指示代词，时间状语，地点状语在间接引语中的变化：直接引语-----间接引语this-------------thatthese----------thosenow-----------thentoday---------thatdaytonight-------thatnightlastnight-----twodaysbeforeyesterday-----thedaybefore/thepreviousdaytomorrow----thenext/followingdaythisevening----thateveninghere-----------therebring----------takecome---------go如:Hesaid,“Ihaven'tseenhertoday.”----

Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.

Shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday.”-----

Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.例1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.解析：在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时amhaving变为过去进行时washaving。答案：he,was。例2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.解析：直接引语中的saidtosb在变为间接引语时应改为toldsb；现在完成时haveseen改为过去完成时hadseen。答案：told,had,seen。例3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.解析：直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I应变为she；一般过去时went改为过去完成时hadgone。答案：she,had,gone。例4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.解析：直接引语变为间接引语时，若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。答案：is。例5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.解析：直接引语是一般过去时met，变为间接引语时应改为过去完成时hadmet；时间状语yesterday应改为thedaybefore。答案：had,before。基础演练一、单项选择1.Ishalltellhim,"Ihavewrittentoyouandhertwice."Ishalltellhimthat

havewrittento

and

twice.A.I;him;herB.you;him;herC.I;you;meD.you;me;her2.Shesaidtomethat

mightkeep

bookfortwodays.A.she;thisB.I;thatC.I;thisD.you;that3.Shesaid,"Mysisterwillbebacktomorrowmorning."Shesaidhersister

.A.wouldbebacktomorrowmorningB.willbebacktomorrowmorningC.wouldbebackthenextmorningD.willbebackthenextmorning4.Hesaid,"Mother,theboyisverynaughty."→He

verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas5.Hetoldushe

aconcert

.A.hadattended;threedaysbeforeB.attended;aweekagoC.wouldattend;sinceaweekagoD.wasattending;foraweek6.Thelittlegirltoldhimthatshehadwatchedthewonderfulfootballmatch

.A.todayB.tomorrowC.themonthbeforeD.thenextmonth7.Youmustsaytoher,"Idependonyouandhim."Youmusttellherthat

dependon

and

.A.I;you;himB.she;you;meC.you;her;himD.you;me;him8.Johntoldmethat

.A.hereturnedthebooktolibrarytomorrowB.hehadreturnedthebooktothelibrarythedaybeforeC.IwillreturnedthebooktothelibrarytheafternoonbeforeD.Ireturnedthebooktothelibrarytheafternoonbefore9.Billsaidtome,"Iwasbornin1985."Whichsentenceistheindirectspeechofit?A.Billtoldmehehadbeenbornin1985B.Billtoldmehewasbornin1985C.Billsaidheisbornin1985D.Billtoldmethathehasbeenbornin198510.Hesaidtome,“Youwillpasstheexamtomorrow.”He

methat

theexam

.A.saidto;hewouldpass;thenextdayB.told;hewould;nextdayC.saidto;Iwouldpass;nextdayD.told;Iwouldpass;thenextday巩固提高一、按要求转换句型1.Shesaid,"JimwilltalkaboutEnglishnamestomorrow."(直接引语转化成间接引语)ShesaidthatJim

Englishnames

.2.Hesaid,"TheGreenswillhaveaholidaynextweek."(直接引语转化成间接引语)HesaidthattheGreens

aholiday

.3.Sheasked,"Whyhaven'tyouhadlunchnow?"(直接引语转化成间接引语)Sheaskedme

.4."Doyouknowwhatisgoingonnow?"heaskedhisoldmother.(直接引语转化成间接引语)Heaskedhisoldmother

what

on

.5.Hesaid,"Idon'tfeelverywelltoday."(直接引语转化成间接引语)Hesaidthat

feelverywell

.6.Theteachersaidtothestudents,"Keeptheclassroomcleanandtidy."(直接引语转化成间接引语)Theteacher

thestudents

theclassroomcleanandtidy.7.Shesaid,"Let'sgotoschooltogether."(直接引语转化成间接引语)She

me

toschooltogether.8.Mumsaidtome,"Whichonedoyoulikebest?"(直接引语转化成间接引语)Mum

me

oneI

best.9.Theteachersaid,"WangHonghasmaderapidprogressinEnglish."(直接引语转化成间接引语)TheteachersaidthatWangHong

rapidprogressinEnglish.10.Hesaid,"I'mleavingforQingdaotomorrow."(直接引语转化成间接引语)Hesaidthat

leavingforQingdao

.Keys:基础演练1-10ABCCACCBBD巩固提高1.wouldtalkabout,thenextday2.wouldhave,thenextweek3.whyIhadn'thadlunchthen4.whethersheknew,wasgoing,then5.hedidn't,thatday6.told,tokeep7.asked,togo8.asked,which,liked9.hadmade10.hewas,thenextday1.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”→Heaskedme

.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember2."Whathaveyougotinyourbag?"theyasked.Theyasked

.A.whathadwegotinourbagB.whatwehavegotinyourbagC.whatwehadgotinourbagD.whathavewegotinyourbag3.Mikeaskedme,"Whenwilltheirplaneland?"Mikeaskedme

.A.whentheirplanewilllandB.whenwilltheirplanelandC.whentheirplanewouldlandD.whenwouldtheirplaneland4.Heaskedme,"Howlongwillittaketogotherebyplane?"Heaskedme

.A.howlongwouldittaketogotherebyplaneB.howlongwillittaketogotherebyplaneC.howlongitwouldtaketogotherebyplaneD.howlongitwilltaketogotherebyplane5.Heaskedher,"WhenareyougoingtoShanghai?"Heaskedher

.A.whenisshegoingtoShanghaiB.whensheisgoingtoShanghaiC.whenshewasgoingtoShanghaiD.whenwasshegoingtoShanghai6.JanesaidtoMary,"Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?"JaneaskedMary

.A.whatwasshegoingtodothenextdayB.whatshewasgoingtodotomorrowC.whatshewasgoingtodothenextdayD.whatwasshegoingtodotomorrow7.Sheaskedhim,"whosedictionaryisthis?"→Sheaskedhimwhosedictionary

.A.thisisB.thatwasC.isthisD.thatis8.“Whotoldyouaboutit?”heaskedher.Heaskedher

aboutit.A.thatwhotoldyouB.whotoldherC.whohadtoldherD.whohadtoldyou9.MarysaidtoTom,"Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?"Theindirectspeechis"

".A.MaryaskedTomwherehaveyoubeenthesedaysB.MaryaskedTomwhereyouhadbeenthosedaysC.MaryaskedTomwhereIhadbeenthosedaysD.MaryaskedTomwherehehadbeenthosedays10.“Whydon'tyoustayhereovertheweekend!”shesaid.

.A.Shesaidwhydidn'tyoustaythereovertheweekendB.Shesaidwhyyoudidn'tstaythereovertheweekendC.SheaskedmenottostaythereovertheweekendD.ShesuggestedIshouldstayhereovertheweekend11.Heaskedme

.A.howwouldtheweatherbeliketomorrowB.whattheweatherwouldbelikethenextdayC.howtheweatherwouldbeliketomorrowD.whatwouldtheweatherbelikethenextday12.Jackaskedherwhere

holidays.A.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour13.Heaskedher,"Whereareyougoing?"Heaskedher

.A.wheresheisgoingtoB.whereshewasgoingtoC.whereshewasgoingD.wheresheisgoing14.Mymothersaid,"Howmuchdoyoupayforthenewdress?"Mymotherasked

forthenewdress.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid15.Wecanchangethesentence:“‘Whydidyougotobedsolatelastnight?'FatheraskedAnne."into:

.A.FatheraskedAnnewhyshehadgonetobedsolatelastnightB.FatheraskedAnnewhyshewenttobedsolatelastnightC.FatheraskedAnnewhyyouhadgonetobedsolatethenightbeforeD.FatheraskedAnnewhyshehadgonetobedsolatethenightbeforeKeys：1-15BCCCCCBCDDBACDD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou_____thatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.（2015湖北30）A.inadvance B.indetail C.intotal D.ingeneral2. Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveistolive＿＿＿＿nature.（2015福建32）A.inviewof B.inneedof C.intouchwith D.inharmonywith3.Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandmathearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.（2015陕西12）A.on B.by C.in D.at14. Acommonmemorytheyallhave theirschooldaysistheschooluniform.（2015福建32）A.of B.on C.to D.with5.I’mso______toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.（2015安徽26）A.special B.superior C.grateful D.attractive二、完形填空Acoupleofyearsago,Icametoalady'shousetobuysomevitamins.Uponenteringthehouse,I1

thattherewasanelectronickeyboardonthestand,leaning2

thewall.Beingapianomusicloverandplayer,Iaskedifthewomanplayed.Shesaid"yes"and3

thatshehadbeentakinglessons—atage54!"Ihavebeen4

for8yearsnow,"Isaid."Thenyoumustplayasongformebeforeyouleave,"she5

.IthoughtshewaskiddingandI6

smiled.Bytheendofpurchaseofthevitamins,she7

meofourmusical"deal".Ithoughtforamomentand8

toplayDavidLanz'sReturntotheHeart,9

shehadmuchpassionformusic,andit'soneofmy10

songs.Iplayedthesongwithmybest11

,withasmuchemotionpouringintoitaspossible.Obviously,she12

it.AsIwasabouttostepoutofthedoor,Ihearda13

voicecallingout,"Youngman!"I14

.Andtherewasanoldladytakingonelittlestepatatimewiththehelpofothers."Iwanttocomeouttothankyouforthe15

songthatyouplayed.Ihavebeenvery16

,andit'sveryhardformetogetoffmybed,butIreallywanttothankyouforthesong.Itmakesmefeelgood,"shesaid.Withthat,sheturnedaroundandwalked17

backtoherroom.Iwasdeeplytouchedbyher18

andfeltadeeperunderstandingforthesong.Itservedits19

beautifully,returningtoone'sheartfor20

andjoy.1.A.noticedB.heardC.learnedD.knew2.A.backB.inC.againstD.over3.A.insistedB.addedC.arguedD.admitted4.A.gatheringB.devotingC.performingD.playing5.A.explainedB.apologizedC.requestedD.replied6.A.simplyB.proudlyC.shylyD.nervously7.A.informedB.warnedC.accusedD.reminded8.A.promisedB.agreedC.decidedD.hoped9.A.sinceB.soC.unlessD.if10.A.soul-touchingB.world-famousC.newly-madeD.life-long11.A.strengthB.habitC.abilityD.sense12.A.lovedB.sufferedC.acceptedD.memorized13.A.sweetB.loudC.weakD.deep14.A.turnedaroundB.lookedupC.ranawayD.wenton15.A.popularB.beautifulC.interestingD.valuable16.A.sickB.lonelyC.poorD.sleepy17.A.slowlyB.immediatelyC.politelyD.terribly18.A.understandingB.appreciationC.experienceD.condition19.A.audienceB.purposeC.playerD.atmosphere20.A.peaceB.respectC.sympathyD.honesty三、阅读理解ABollywooddanceisfun,agreatworkoutandanimportantcontributingfactortowardstheinternationalpopularityofBollywoodfilms.BollywooddanceclassesofferedinLongIslandareagreatoptionforthosewhowishtolearnthisdanceform—notonlyforLongIslandcommunities,butalsoforotherIndiansinNewYork,andpeopleofothernationalitiesandculturesattractedbyIndiandance.YoucanjoinBollywooddanceclasses1)toenjoythefunofmixingWesternandIndiandancestyles.2)Toachievecorrectnessofmovement,energy,timing,andrhythm,orgoprofessional.3)Tojustgetfitorenjoyyourself.BollywooddancebringstogetherseveraldanceformsincludingKathak,Jazz,BhangraandSalsa.Thoughitisdifficulttopointouttheprecisedefinition,stylisticfeatures,andgeographicaldistributionofthisexcitingdanceform,itisquiterecognizableinbothIndianandinternationalcircles.Thesongsforthedanceareakindofindirectexpressionthroughwhichthecharacterscanexpressthoughts.Costumeisanimportantpartofthisformofdanceandestablishestoamajorextent,the"feelofthedance".Thedancenumbersoftenhaveromanticthemesandusuallygotogetherwiththehappeningsinthemovies.ItisnotunusualtofindBollywoodsonganddancecommunicatingthethoughtsandwishesofthecharacters.BollywooddancepartiesareaverypopularaffairinUScolleges.Gooddanceteacherscanprovidethenecessarytrainingtoperfectentertainingdancesteps.DoasearchonGoogle,Yahoo,orothersearchenginestofindgoodBollywooddanceclassesinLongIsland.Youmayhavetocompareeachofthemtoarriveattherightclassesforyourselforforyourchild.YoungIndianCulturalGroup:999HerricksRoadSuite110Phone:151673915751.WhatdoweknowaboutBollywooddancefromParagraph1?A.ItmainlyemphasizesWesterndancestyles.B.ItisincreasingthepopularityofBollywoodfilms.C.TheclasseswillbeheldfortheIndiansinAsia.D.OnlyIndiansinNewYorkarelearningitatpresent.2.BollywooddanceandseveralotherdanceformslikeKathak,Jazz,BhangraandSalsa

.A.haveacloserelationshipB.belongtothesamedanceformC.arepopularinthesameareasD.havedifferentgeographicaldistribution3.WhatcanweknowabouttheYoungIndianCulturalGroup?A.Peoplecantakeallkindsofdanceclassesthere.B.ItwillbringnewideastoBollywooddance.C.IfyouwanttolearnBollywooddance,youcancontactit.D.ItwillhelpBollywooddancebecomefamousintheworld.4.Thispassagewaswrittenmainlyto

A.showthatBollywooddanceisverypopularoncampusB.tellustherightwayofrecognizingBollywooddanceC.introducethethreepurposesofBollywooddanceclassesD.attractmorepeopletojoinBollywooddanceclassesBAnewstudyfindsthatcombiningmusictherapywithastandardtreatmentfordepression—medication,psychotherapyandcounseling—improvespatientoutcomes.Researchersinvited79peoplebetweentheagesof18and50yearsoldwhohadbeendiagnosedwithdepression.33oftheparticipantswereoffered20musictherapysessions,inadditiontotheirusualtreatmentfordepression.Theother46participantsreceivedstandardtreatment,andactedasthecontrolgroup.Theone-on-onemusictherapysessionseachlasted60minutesandtookplacetwiceaweek.Trainedmusictherapistshelpedeachparticipantimprovise（即兴创作）music.Onaverage,eachparticipantattended18musictherapysessions.29individuals(88percent)attendedatleast15sessions.Theparticipantsinbothgroupswerefollowedupatthreeandsixmonthsandassessedforsymptoms（症状）ofdepressionandanxiety.Inthefinalanalysis,researchersdiscoveredthatafterthreemonthsofparticipation,individualswhoreceivedmusictherapyshowedgreatlyfewersymptomsofdepressionandanxiety,