高考英语完整版准备考一轮讲义（译林版）选修六Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou

Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou文学与艺术之(一)——喜剧艺术[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．edyn．喜剧2.teasevt.取笑；揶揄；戏弄3．affectionn．喜爱，钟爱4.initialadj.最初的n.首字母5．bowvi.&vt.鞠躬；(使)弯曲n.鞠躬6.dashvi.急奔n.急奔；匆忙7．tearvt.撕，扯8.glarevi.怒目而视；发出炫目的光9．cosyadj.暖和舒适的，惬意的10.polishvt.提高；修改；润色(二)表达词汇写其形1．stagen．舞台；阶段，时期2.guaranteevt.&n．保证；担保3．attainvt.获得；得到4.pilen．摞；垛；堆5．positiveadj.积极的；肯定的6.invitationn．邀请7．crowdedadj.拥挤的8.burstvi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.varietyn．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→variousadj.各种各样的；多方面的→varyv．变化；改变2.behavevi.&vt.表现→behaviourn．行为；表现*3.performvt.&vi.演出，表演，做，履行；工作，运转→performancen．表演；演出；表现，业绩→performern．表演者；演员4.technicaladj.技术的；技能的→techniquen．技术，技巧；技能→technicallyadv.技巧上，与技术有关地→techniciann．技师，技术人员*5.amusevt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→amusementn．消遣，娱乐，乐趣→amusingadj.引人发笑的→amusedadj.愉快的；被逗乐的*6.strengthenvt.&vi.增强；巩固→strengthn．力量，力气→strongadj.坚强的，强壮的*7.participatevi.参加，参与→participationn．参加，参与→participantn．参加者，参与者*8.instructvt.教授；指示，命令；告知→instructionn．教授；指示；说明→instructiveadj.有教育意义的；有启发性的→instructorn．教练，导师9.angern．怒，怒火，怒气→angryadj.发怒的→angrilyadv.气愤地用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1．Therearevariousgoodsinthenewsupermarket,andthepricesvaryfromcentstodollars.Thevarietyofthemattractsmanycustomers.2．Recently,Samuel,anAmericanJazzperformersucceededinperformingapieceathiscollege.Theaudiencewereimpressedbyhisamazingperformance.3．Totheaudience'samusement,_theactor'samusingperformancereallyamusedthemandtheyallfeltamused.4．Youarenotstrongandyou'dbetterstrengthenwithrichfood.Thenyou'llhaveenoughstrengthtowork.5．Nearly60participantsfromBeijingandneighboringareasparticipatedinthepetition.6．Inthelivecourses,studentsandaninstructormeetintheonlineclassroomsforinstruction.[话题单词积累]1．inspiration/ˌɪnspə'reɪʃn/n.灵感，启发2．production/prə'dʌkʃn/n.作品3．reflection/rɪ'flekʃn/n.反映4．background/'bækgraʊnd/n.背景5．appeal/ə'piːl/n．&v.吸引力；吸引6．reflect/rɪ'flekt/v.反映7．admire/əd'maɪə(r)/v.欣赏8．classic/'klæsɪk/adj.经典的9．uniquely/jʊ'niːklɪ/adv.独特地10．abstract/'æbstrækt/adj.抽象的；深奥的11．artistic/ɑː'tɪstɪk/adj.艺术的12．extraordinary/ɪk'strɔːdnri/adj.非凡的13．vivid/'vɪvɪd/adj.生动的14．live/laɪv/adj.现场直播的15．series/'sɪəriːz/n.系列16．appreciate/ə'priːʃieɪt/vt.欣赏17．excellent/'eksələnt/adj.优秀的，极好的18．dialogue/'daɪəlɒɡ/n.对白19．cast/kɑːst/n.全体演员20．character/'kærəktə(r)/n.人物21．line/laɪn/n.台词22．playwright/'pleɪraɪt/n.编剧，剧作家23．applause/ə'plɔːz/n.喝彩24．applaud/ə'plɔːd/v.喝彩；鼓掌25．make­up/meɪkʌp/n.化妆26．auditorium/ɔːdɪ'tɔːriəm/n.礼堂27．backstage/bæk'steɪdʒ/adv.在后台28．traditional/trə'dɪʃənl/adj.传统的29．adapt/ə'dæpt/vt.适应30．decoration/ˌdekə'reɪʃn/n.装饰；装饰品31．design/dɪ'zaɪn/n.&vt.设计，图案，样式32．construct/kən'strʌkt/vt.建设，建筑33．construction/kən'strʌkʃ(ə)n/n．建造34．magnificent/mæg'nɪfɪs(ə)nt/adj.壮观的35．splendid/'splendɪd/adj.辉煌的；壮丽的[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.stand_up_for支持，维护2.trip_over绊倒*3.make_fun_of拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄4.have_affection_for喜爱，钟爱*5e_up_with想出，拿出6.pass_away去世，亡故7.queue_up排队，列队8.work_out锻炼；计算出9.for_sure确切地；肯定地10.drive_away赶走，驱赶*11.take_on接纳；承担；呈现；雇佣*12.make_room_for为……腾出地方*13.burst_in闯进；突然闯入14.hold_out递出；拿出；伸出(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1．Everyoneshouldstand_up_fortheirrightstovote.2．Whenhefirstgottothecity,hewasoftenmade_fun_offorhisstrongaccent.3．Thescientistsarebeatingtheirbrainstryingtoe_up_withasolutiontotheproblem.4．Thepoliceburst_inandarrestedtherobber.5．Thosewhodecidetotake_onteachingasacareerneedlotsofpatience.6．Pleasemovealongandmake_room_fortheoldman.[话题短语积累]1．appealto吸引2．asenseofhumour幽默感3．showup出现4．befacedwith面对，面临5．haveaninfluenceon对……有影响6．makeup编造，化妆7．makejokesabout开玩笑8．bebasedon以……为根据9．boxoffice/ticketoffice售票处10．booktickets订票11．playtherole/partof...扮演(某一角色)12．athomeandabroad国内外13．drawone'sattention吸引某人注意14．onthestage在舞台上15．inthehistoryof在……历史上[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．while引导让步状语从句[例句]Whilethiskindofhumourmaysoundcruel,itusuallyonlyworksifboththeedianandtheaudiencehaveaffectionfororadmirethepersonbeingmadefunof.[仿写]尽管登泰山很有趣，但我更喜欢“长江之行”。(2017·北京高考满分作文)While_climbing_Mount_Tai_is_very_interesting,_IpreferthetouralongtheYangtzeRiver.2．doyouthink作插入语[例句]Whichoftheeventsabovedoyouthinkwillbethefunniest?[仿写]你觉得他那么说是什么意思？What_do_you_thinkhemeansbysayingthat?3．数词或不定代词(no/some/any...)＋such＋名词[例句]OnesuchpersonisBillyCrystal.[仿写]离开了所有队员的努力，就不会有这样的成功。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Therewouldbeno_such_successwithoutalltheteamplayers'greatefforts.[话题佳句背诵]1．Someclassicalworksnotonlyofferusjoyandexcitement,butalsoencourageustothinkcritically.一些经典作品不但让我们喜悦和兴奋，而且鼓励我们批判性地思考。2．AsakindofTVentertainingprogram,icsketchisoneofthemajorformsinthemodernChineseicart.作为一种电视娱乐节目，喜剧小品是中国当代喜剧艺术中非常重要的形式之一。3．Thereareaboutonethousandpeoplewatchingtheperformance.大约有一千人观看了这场演出。4．Astheedianwalkeddownthestage,theentireaudiencestoodtotheirfeetclappingtoapplaudherwonderfulperformance.当喜剧演员走下台时，全场观众都站起来为她的精彩表演鼓掌欢呼。[四背语段语感流畅]CharlieChaplinwasoneofthemostwell­knownediansinthehistoryofthecinema.Onthestage,hebehaveduniquely,wherehisstick,hishatamusedeveryoneintheworld.Duringhislifetime,heperformedinanumberofsilentfilmsandpeoplehaveaffectionforavarietyofhisperformingstyles.Chaplinobtainedmanyawardsforhisexcellentperformances.查理·卓别林是电影史上最有名的滑稽演员之一。在舞台上，他的表演与众不同。在舞台上，他的手杖、他的帽子让全世界的人们从中得到娱乐。在他的一生中，他在许多部无声电影中担任角色。人们喜欢他的各种表演形式。卓别林因他的精彩演出而获得了很多奖项。[第一板块重点词汇突破][师生共研词汇]1．varietyn．[C]品种，(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式；[U]变化，多样化[教材原句]Thereareavarietyofdifferentstylesofstand­upedy.单口喜剧有很多不同的类型。(1)avarietyof＝varietiesof种种，各种各样的，各种不同的thevarietyof……的品种(2)varyvt.&vi.改变；变更；变化；不同varyfrom...to.../between...and...在……和……之间变化(3)variousadj.各种不同的；各种各样的①WiththeapproachingofSpringFestivalthewholecountryhelda_variety_of/varieties_of_activitiestocelebrate.随着春节的来临，全国人民举行了各种各样的庆祝活动。②Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevaries_from_culture_to_culture.跟口头语一样，身势语也因文化而异。③Inmyfreetime,I'llcontinuetotakeregularexercise,suchasswimming,runningandvarious(vary)ballgames.在空闲时间，我会继续定期锻炼，比如游泳、跑步和玩各种球类游戏。[名师点津]avarietyof后既可跟可数名词的复数，也可跟不可数名词，variety前面可以用形容词great,large,wide等来修饰。2．behavevi.&vt.表现[教材原句]Someedianstelljokesaboutthewaypeoplebehaveoraboutdailylife.一些喜剧演员讲的笑话，或与人们行为举止的方式有关，或与日常生活有关。(1)behavewell/badly行为规矩/不规矩；表现好/不好behaveoneself守规矩；表现得体(2)well­behaved/badly­behavedadj.表现好/差的(3)behaviourn.举止；行为①It'shardtotrainchildrentobehave_wellatthetable.培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。②Behave_yourself.Youshouldbesettingyoursisteragoodexample.规矩点，你应该为妹妹树立个好榜样。③Ithinkallofusshouldmindourbehaviour(behave)inpublicplaces.我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。3．performvt.&vi.履行，执行；表演，演出；表现；运转[经典例句]We'relookingforpeopleofallageswhohaveperformedoutstandingactsofbravery,kindnessorcourage.我们正在寻找那些见义勇为、乐于助人、勇气可嘉的人，年龄不限。(1)performone'sduty/promise履行职责/诺言performanexperiment/operation做实验/手术(2)performancen．表演，演出；表现；执行，履行give/putonaperformance演出；表演performern．执行者；表演者，演奏者；能手①You'dbetterperform_your_promisethatyouhavetofinishyourtaskontime.你最好履行你按时完成你任务的承诺。②Yourperformance(perform)asastudentwillbeexcellentifyoudevelopahabitofreflectingonhowyoulearn.作为一个学生，你的表现会很棒的，如果你能够养成对所学的内容进行反思的习惯的话。③Theperformers(perform)haveallofferedtheirservicesfreeofcharge.演员们都愿意免费出演。[熟词生义]读句子猜词义④Oldasmywatchis,itstillperformswellnow.运转4．amusevt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐[教材原句]Crystalispopularwithallagegroupsandhastheabilitytoamusepeopleallovertheworld.克里斯托深受各年龄层次人们的喜欢，而且他有能力逗乐全世界的人。(1)amusesb.by/with...用……逗某人开心amuseoneself自娱自乐(2)amusedadj.被逗笑的，愉快的amusingadj.有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的(3)amusementn.消遣，娱乐toone'samusement令某人开心的是①To_my_amusement,_heshouldforgetthebirthdayofhisown.使我感到好笑的是，他竟然忘记了自己的生日。②Hisamusingmovementamusedeverybodypresent.他有趣的动作逗乐了在场的每个人。③Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleaguesamusedwith/byherstories.露西很有幽默感，总是能用故事逗乐她的同事。[联想发散]表示“使欢乐，使娱乐”的词还有：entertain,excite,delight,fascinate,please等。5．guaranteevt.&n．保证；担保[教材原句]Practisingistheonlywaytoguaranteeasuccessfulperformance.练习是保证成功演出的唯一方法。(1)guaranteetodosth.保证做某事guaranteesb.sth.＝guaranteesth.tosb.向某人保证某事guaranteesb.from/against保证某人免受(2)underguarantee在保修期内givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人保证/承诺……①Ihavetomakeadecisionsoonandguaranteeto_win(win)thescholarship.我必须尽快作出决定，并保证获得奖学金。②Thecarislessthanayearold,soitisstillunder_guarantee.这辆汽车还不到一年，因此它还在保修期内。③Canyougive_me_a_guarantee_thattheworkwillbefinishedontime?你能向我保证按时完成工作吗？[名师点津]如果表达“保证某人做某事”，guarantee不能用于guaranteesb.todo...，只能用于guaranteetodo...或guaranteethat...。6．burst(burst,burst)vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂n．突然破裂；爆发[教材原句]Servantburstsin,nexttoQueen,empty­handedandlookingworried.仆人冲进来，来到王后旁边，两手空空，看起来很着急。(1)burstin/into闯入；突然破门而入(2)burstout突然迸发；爆发burstoutcrying/laughing＝burstintotears/laughter突然哭/笑起来burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支(3)aburstof一阵……①Suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburst_in.突然门开了，一群孩子闯了进来。②Heburst_into_the_roomwithoutknockingatthedoor，whichmademeveryangry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。③Hearingtheman'samusingexperiencesinAfrica,weallcouldn'thelpbursting_out_laughing.听到这个人在非洲的有趣的经历，我们都忍不住大笑起来。[名师点津]短语burstin中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burstinto后接宾语。[自主练通词汇]1．participatevi.参加，参与用participate的适当形式填空Encouragedbytheteacher,theparticipantsactivelyparticipatedintheEnglishcontest.Theirparticipationinspiredtherestoftheclasstostudyhard.2．instructvt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知单句语法填空①Ms.Shengaveusinstructions(instruct)andthenweworkedbyourselves.②Asscheduled,weparticipatedinseveralinstructive(instruct)activities.③Thecollegewillneedanadditionalteachertoinstructtheboysincooking.[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theschoolhasreceivedvarious(vary)grantsfromtheeducationdepartment.2．Thesummercampaffordedkidsendlessamusement(amuse)．3．Hewasjustabouttoleavewhensomeoneburstintohisroom.4．MyiPhoneXisonlysixmonthsoldanditisstillunderguarantee.5．Lastspring,Iwasfortunatetobechosentoparticipateinanexchangestudyprogram.6．Manyoftheperformers(perform)wereofprofessionalstandard.7．Isuggestyoutoreadthisbook;itisnotonlyinteresting,butalsoinstructive(instruct)．8．It'stimethatsomebodytaughtyouhowtobehaveyourself(you)．9．Theleaderstrengthened(strong)hisbasketballteambybringinginseveralyoungplayers.10．Today,astheworld'surbanpopulationexplodes,andcitiesbeemorecrowded_(crowd)andtaller.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks,varyfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.vary→varying2．Fromhisamusinglook,wecantellheisinterestedinthisstory.amusing→amused3．Ireadtheinstructionontheboxcarefullybutstillcouldn'toperatethemachine.instruction→instructions4．Everyonewhohearditjustburstintolaughingwhenhecameoutwithit.into→out或laughing→laughter5．It'sstillundertheguarantee,sothemanufacturerwillrepairit.去掉第一个theⅢ.单句写作(句型转换/补全句子)1．Scarcelyhadsheheardthesadnewswhensheburstintotears.→Scarcelyhadsheheardthesadnewswhensheburstoutcrying.2．Icanguaranteethatyouwillbesatisfiedwiththeresult.→Icangiveyouaguaranteethatyouwillbesatisfiedwiththeresult.3．Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtotakeanactivepartinthesediscussions.→Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipateactivelyinthesediscussions.4．对这件事的看法因人而异。Opinionsonthemattervary_from_person_to_person.5．如果我们举止得体，我们在同学中就会受欢迎，老师也愿意和我们交流。Ifwebehave_well,_wewouldbepopularamongclassmatesandourteachersarelikelytomunicatewithus.6．使我们感到好笑的是在那部话剧里那个男孩扮演了一位老太太。To_our_amusement,_theboyactedanoldwomanintheplay.7．只要坚持你的意志和决心，你就一定会成功。Keepyourwillanddeterminationandyouare_guaranteed_to_succeed.[第二板块短语、句式突破]1．eupwith提出，想出；拿出(钱款)[教材原句]OnereasonCrystalhasbeesofamousisthatheisveryquickthinking,andisoftenabletoeupwithnewjokesaboutthepeopleandthingsaroundhim.克里斯托如此出名的一个原因是他思维敏捷，而且经常想出关于他周围的人和事的新笑话。eup走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出eabout发生eacross穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现eout出来；(书等)出版；发行eto苏醒；总计；达到；谈到whenitesto...当谈到……①Icame_up_withaproposalanditsooncame_upatthemeeting.我想出一条建议，很快这条建议在会上被提出来了。②I'msureitwillalle_outallrightintheend.我敢肯定最后结局会很好。③Everyculturehasdifferenttraditionswhen_it_es_todrinking.当谈到喝酒时，每一种文化都有各自不同的传统。[名师点津]eupwith意为“提出”，主语(多是人)是提出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容；eup意为“被提出”，其主语(多是物)是被提出的内容，无被动语态。④Assoonastheprojectcame_upatthemeeting,itattractedmanypeople'sattention.那个计划在会上一经提出，就引起了许多人的关注。2．holdout递出，拿出；伸出；坚持；维持；坚守，守住[经典例句]They'llhavetosurrender—theycan'tholdoutforever.他们将不得不投降，他们不可能守得住。[一词多义]写出下列句中holdout的含义①Hewalkedtoherandheldoutasmallbunchofwildflowers.递/拿出②Weshouldholdoutthehandoffriendshipandcooperationtothem.伸出③Wemustholdout.Wemustn'tbefrightenedbythedifficulties.坚持④Ireallyhopethatthisgoodweatherwillholdoutforanotherweek.维持holdback隐瞒；退缩；阻止；抑制holdon别挂断；等一等；坚持holdonto坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住holdup举起，拿起；支撑；拦住，耽搁⑤Noonecanhold_backthewheelofhistory.谁也无法阻止历史前进的车轮。⑥Whenheleftthetelephonetofindapencil,heaskedmetohold_on.当他离开找铅笔的时候，他让我别挂断。⑦Ifwebelievedsomethingwastrue,goodandbeautiful,weshouldhold_on_toit.如果我们认为某些事物是真善美的，就应该坚持。3．Whichoftheeventsabovedo_you_thinkwillbethefunniest?你认为上面这些事件中哪件事是最有趣的？本句是“特殊疑问词＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分”，其中doyouthink是插入语，它不影响句子的含义但影响句子结构，特殊疑问句应用陈述语序。常见的句型结构有：(1)特殊疑问词(作主语)＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分(语序不变)?(2)特殊疑问词＋插入语＋句子其他部分(陈述语序)?(3)Ithink,Ibelieve,Isuppose,Iguess,Iimagine,Ifind,Isay,Iknow等也可用作插入语，置于句中或句末，一般用逗号隔开。此类插入语若置于定语从句中，可不用标点。①Who_do_you_suggestbesenttoworkonthefarm?你建议派谁去农场工作呢？②Why_do_you_thinktheearth'stemperaturekeepsrising?你认为地球的温度为什么会持续上升？③Itisimpossible,I_think,_thatweshouldfinishthejobinsuchashortperiodoftime.我认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。[名师点津]doyousuggest作插入语时，其后的句子应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。④Wheredoyousuggestwe(should)_put(put)thesethings?你建议我们把这些物品放在什么地方？4．One_such_personisBillyCrystal.比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。Onesuchperson...是“数词或不定代词(no/some/any...)＋such＋名词”结构。such的常见用法：(1)such作形容词，意为“那样的，这样的，如此的”。当它与数词或不定代词one,no,all,some,any,few等连用时，常置于这些词之后。(2)such...as...“像……这样的……”，as在句中引导定语从句。(3)such＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数,adj.＋不可数名词/复数名词))＋that...意为“如此……以至于”(4)such作代词位于句首时，句子须倒装，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定。①Thereisno_such_thingasageniusbornwithknowledge.世界上不存在所谓生而知之的天才。②Myyoungerbrotherissuch_a_diligent_studentthathenevergivesupeasily.我弟弟是一个勤奋的学生，他从不轻易放弃。③Such_is_our_monitor,_whoalwayshelpsothers.我们的班长就是这样一个人，他总是帮助别人。[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.选词填空eq\x(holdout，burstin，standupfor，makeroomfor，makefunof，eupwith)1．It'swonderfulforyoutoe_up_withsuchagoodidea.2．Peoplemake_fun_ofherbecauseshewearssuchstrangeclothes.3．Hewantedtostand_up_forwhathebelievedin.4．Thepeoplestandinginthebusmovedalongtomake_room_forothers.5．Whenweweretalkinginthestudy,abirdburst_in.6．Onlybyholding_outourhandscanwegivetheopportunitytootherstoholdus!Ⅱ.补全句子1．你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？Whendo_you_suggest_we_holdameetingtotalkabouttheproblem?2．信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。Believeitornot,thereisno_such_thing_asstandardEnglish.3．我想要一本和他的一样的字典。Iwanttohavesuch_a_dictionary_ashehas.Ⅲ.句式升级1．Whoisthebeststudentinyourclass?Doyoubelieve？(用doyoubelieve作插入语)→Who_do_you_believe_is_the_best_student_in_your_class?2．Hewasacleverstudentandwasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.(用“such...that...”改写)→He_was_such_a_cleverstudent_that_he_was_able_to_work_out_all_the_difficultproblems.eq\a\vs4\al([课堂双线提能]课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接)提能一用课文词汇写高分作文haveaffectionfor，variety，eupwith，amusing，tease，burstinto，instruct，behave，makefunof，guarantee，although1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)①我们都喜欢有幽默感的人，我的同桌杰克就是这样一个人。We_all_have_affection_for_people_with_a_sense_of_humor,_andJack,mydeskmateisapersonwithasenseofhumor.②他总是能够编造各种笑话，逗得大家笑起来。Heisalwaysmakingupa_variety_of_jokeswhichmakeeveryonelaugh.③昨天他想出一个有趣的故事来取笑我。那却使我突然大哭起来。Yesterday,he_came_up_with_an_amusing_story_to_tease_me.Thatcausedmetoburst_intotears.④老师多次命令他要举止文明，不要取笑别人。Manytimesourteacherinstructed_him_to_behave_well,_not_to_make_fun_of_others.⑤他向我道歉并保证以后不再这样做了。Hesaidsorrytomeandguaranteed_thathewouldneverdothatagain.⑥尽管他很淘气，但他很可爱。我喜欢他。Although_he_is_naughty,_heislovely.Ilikehim.2．升级平淡句(1)用“onesuch＋n.”结构改写句①We_all_have_affection_for_people_with_a_sense_of_humor,_and_one_such_person_is_my_deskmate_—_Jack.(2)用v.­ing形式作状语改写句⑤He_said_sorry_to_me,_guaranteeing_that_he_would_never_do_that_again.3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however,so,tobefrank)Weallhaveaffectionforpeoplewithasenseofhumor,andonesuchpersonismydeskmate—Jack.Heisalwaysmakingupavarietyofjokeswhichmakeeveryonelaugh.Yesterday,hecameupwithanamusingstorytoteaseme.However,itcausedmetoburstintotears.Manytimesourteacherinstructedhimtobehavewell,nottomakefunofothers.Sohesaidsorrytome,guaranteeingthathewouldneverdothatagain.Tobefrank,althoughheisnaughty,heislovely.Ilikehim.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句[本单元突破点——举例作为较长插入语的复杂句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句Hehopestofollowinthefootstepsofotherfamousedians,suchasBobHopeandGeorgeBurns,wholivedtobe100yearsoldandkeptworkinguntilnearlytheendoftheirlives.该句后半部分为一个较长插入语，suchas...用来举例说明前面的otherfamousedians。用一般性的评论开始一次约见几乎总是不好的，例如：“我不明白你说的[那门课程的主题]”或“我听不懂你上周讲的课”。真题长难句It'salmostnevergoodtostartameetingwithgeneralmentssuchas:“Ididn'tunderstandwhatyousaidabout[maintopicofthecourse]”or“Icouldn'tunderstandanyofyourlectureslastweek.”(2015·浙江高考)该句后半部分为一个较长的插入语，suchas...用来举例说明前面的generalments。“文学与艺术”在高考考查中常常以说明文类的阅读理解和书面表达为主。在该类话题的语篇中含有大量的专业术语及人名、地名等，故其文章的理解难度偏大。一、话题与语篇[考题示例](2015·重庆高考阅读E)[1]Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.[2]HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries.Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday'spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.[3]Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature，”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.[4]Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong­lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.52．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?A．Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B．Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C．Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D．Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.53．InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat________.A．greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB．historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapartC．popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD．greatartistsareskilledatbiningvariouscultures54．AccordingtoHume,someworksofartcanexistforcenturiesbecause________.A．theyareresultsofscientificstudyB．theyestablishsomegeneralprinciplesofartC．theyarecreatedbytheworld'sgreatestartistsD．theyappealtounchangingfeaturesofhumannature55．Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．AreArtisticValuesUniversal?B．ArePopularArtsPermanent?C．IsHumanNatureUniform?D．IsCulturalRelativismScientific?[策略指导](一)这样读文第1步：宏观把握文章大意分层抓关键句概括层意行文结构第1段第1段画波浪线部分由文化相对主义引出艺术品的价值在哪里提出问题第2～4段第3、4段画波浪线部分说明艺术品是没有国界的，其价值具有普遍性和永久性分析解决问题第2步：微观突破理解障碍[尝试翻译]研究发现似乎表明伟大艺术家的创作和伟大科学家的发现一样都是永久的成就。(二)这样做题[名师解题]52．细节理解题。选C根据文章第一段的第一句“...simplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.”文化相对主义认为，艺术作品的价值在于能够反映当地的社会和经济状况。换句话说，艺术作品的价值在于它们与当地的情况息息相关。C项为同义替换。A项“它介绍了不同的文化价值”为混淆视听；B项“它解释了艺术作品的历史”为混淆视听；D项“它让全世界人们的精神愉悦”为颠倒是非。53．推理判断题。选A第二段主要是通过举例说明的手法来说明第1段最后一句观点的真实性。第一段最后一句和第二段所举的例子中提到莎士比亚、莫扎特，还提到日本的画家安藤广重，这些都与A项的“gobeyondnationalboundaries(超越国界)”相匹配。A项为合理推测。B项“历史使艺术作品有特殊的魅力从而使它们彼此分离”为混淆视听；C项“流行艺术很难与伟大艺术相媲美”为无中生有；D项“伟大的艺术家善于把各种不同文化结合起来”为曲解文意。54．细节理解题。选D根据题干中的Hume可将答案锁定在第三段第一句。本段主要引用哲学家大卫·休谟的话来说明艺术作品的价值所在。D项的unchangingfeatures与本段最后一句中的“unvaryingfeatures”匹配。D项为同义替换。A项“它们是科学研究的结果”为无中生有；B项“它们奠定了艺术的一般准则”为混淆视听；C项“它们由世界伟大的艺术家创作”为无中生有。55．标题归纳题。选A文章首先指出了文化相对主义者的观点，接着用莎士比亚等名人的巨著做例子来说明真正的艺术品是无国界的，最后根据研究者的研究做出了结论。A项为综合概括。B项“流行艺术永久吗？”为以偏概全；C项“人类本性一样吗？”为混淆视听；D项“文化相对主义科学吗？”为曲解文意。[阅读理解系列技法11]找准每段主题句，归纳整篇文章主旨文章的主旨是通过段落来表达的，而段落的大意主要由主题句来体现，所以段落的主题句是文章主旨的有机组成部分。因此，识别各段落的主题句并由此归纳出文章的中心思想是解答该类题的关键。快速阅读文章并找出各个段落的主题句，把各个段落的主题句联系起来并考虑全文的结构安排，就能概括出文章的主旨。文章的首尾段往往揭示文章的主题，各段的首尾句也往往是各段主题句的出处。因此，一般来说，阅读完首尾段及各段首尾句就可以大概推断出文章的主旨大意。对于段落的大意，主题句在段首时：该段围绕这一主题句而展开；主题句在段中时：通常前面只是引出主题句的铺垫，其后的内容是对段落主题的进一步解释、论证和说明；主题句在段尾时：作者先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，最后得出结论，即段落的主题。例如第55题，文章的标题往往也是文章主旨大意的概括，或与主旨相关。本文第一段开篇点题，围绕艺术作品的价值进行讨论；第二段讲述艺术无国界；第三段主题为艺术的永恒性；第四段主题为用科学方法研究艺术的普遍性。综合各段主题，由此可知应该选择A项。(三)这样积累1．uniqueadj.仅有的，独一无二的2．appealn.吸引力3．essentiallyadv.本质上，根本上4．evolutionaryadj.进化的5．devicen.策略，手段，方法6．failtodosth.未能做某事7．apply...to...把……应用于……二、话题与写作[考题示例](2012·江西高考)某英文报社举办以“ILikeReading”为主题的征文活动，你打算投稿。请根据以下要点写一篇短文：1．你为什么喜欢读书；2．你喜欢哪一类的书(例如：历史、科学、文学等)？请给出至少两个理由。注意：词数120左右。[写作规范]第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分1．良师益友wise_teachers_as_well_as_good_friends2．知识的源泉the_source_of_knowledge3．各种各样的a_variety_of4．从……中选择choose_from5．等等and_so_on6．开阔视野broaden_my_horizons7．丰富我的生活enrich_my_life8．给我提供乐趣provide_me_with_great_fun第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分1．我一直喜欢阅读。I_can_never_stop_the_love_for_reading.2．书是我生活中的良师益友。Books_are_like_wise_teachers_as_well_as_good_friends_in_my_life.3．众所周知，书是知识的源泉。As_we_know,_books_are_the_source_of_knowledge.4．有各种各样的书可供我们选择，如历史、科学、文学书籍等。There_are_a_variety_of_books_for_us_to_choose_from,_like_history_books,_science_books,_literary_books_and_so_on.5．文学书籍，尤其是名著是我最感兴趣的。What_interests_me_most_is_literary_books,_especially_those_by_famous_writers.6．它们有助于提高写作技能，开阔视野。They_help_to_improve_my_writing_skills_and_broaden_my_horizons.7．它们能够丰富我的生活，提供乐趣。They_can_enrich_my_life_and_provide_me_with_great_fun.8．阅读时保持一颗平静的心灵不是一件愉快的事吗？Isn't_it_a_pleasure_to_have_great_calm_in_mind_while_you_are_reading?第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分1．将句1、2用because合并I_can_never_stop_the_love_for_reading_because_books_are_like_wise_teachers_as_well_as_good_friends_in_my_life.2．将句4、5用but合并There_are_a_variety_of_books_for_us_to_choose_from,_like_history_books,_science_books,_literary_books_and_so_on,_but_what_interests_me_most_is_literary_books,_especially_those_by_famous_writers.第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分ILikeReadingReadingismyfavoritehobby.Icanneverstoptheloveforreadingbecausebooksarelikewiseteachersaswellasgoodfriendsinmylife.Asweknow,booksarethesourceofknowledge.Ibenefitagreatdealfromreading.Thereareavarietyofbooksforustochoosefrom,likehistorybooks,sciencebooks,literarybooksandsoon,butwhatinterestsmemostisliterarybooks,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.Foronething,theyhelptoimprovemywritingskillsandbroadenmyhorizons.Foranother,theycanenrichmylifeandprovidemewithgreatfun.Isn'titapleasuretohavegreatcalminmindwhileyouarereading?eq\a\vs4\al([单元检测·高考提能])[语言基础扎根练]Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1．Basichumanrights,includingfreedomofspeech,arenowguaranteed(保障)．2．Itmustbeacknowledgedthatthisobjecthasnotbeenattained(达到)．3．Thefatherglared(怒目而视)atthenaughtyboyandscoldedhimforhisbadbehaviour.4．Withafinalburst(猛冲)ofspeedsheovertooktheleadingrunnerandwontherace.5．Theybegantodrawtheinterestofthepublicastheyperformed(表演)theirexcitingdanceincafes.6．Studentsshouldbeencouragedtodevelopgoodhabitsandbehave(使举止规矩)themselves.7．Trainingisprovided,sonoprevious(先前的)experienceisrequiredforthejob.8．She'sgotsuchanegative(消极的)attitudethatit'sdepressingtobewithher.9．Weneedtohaveapositive(积极的)mentalstateifwewanttoimproveourstudyefficiency.10．Idon'tliketogooutduringtherushhour,becauseit'stoocrowded(拥挤的)．11．Thebestwaytostrengthen(strength)willpoweristomakeitintoahabit.12．Wehopethatyouwillacceptourinvitation(invite)ifitisconvenientforyou.13．WithmyEnglishteacher'spatientinstruction(instruct)andhelp,ImadegreatprogressinmyEnglishlearning.14．It'sbetterforstudentstotakeavariety(vary)ofcoursessoastotakedifferentkindsofsubjectstofindtheirinterest.15．Theoldmanrelatedsomeamusing(amuse)storiesinhischildhoodtothechildren.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Thoughinthesamefamily,thebirdsvarywithsizeandcolour.with→in2．Byanunfortunateoversight,fullinstructiondidnotewiththeproduct.instruction→instructions3．Onesuchadictionaryisenoughbecausewecanlookupallweneedinit.去掉a4．Theputerisstillundertheguarantee,soyoucanreturnittotheshop.去掉第二个the5．Everyoneintheroomburstoutlaughteratsomethingthatthelittleboysaid.out→into或laughter→laughing6．Havingpicturestocolourwillkeepchildrenamusingforhours.amusing→amused7．Thisballetgroupalsogoestothecountrysidetoputperformancesforpeasants.put后加on8．Theyarepullingdownthoseoldhousestomakearoomforanewhotel.去掉第一个a9．Therescueteamhopedthatthestrandedtouristsinmountaincouldholdontilltheyarrived.on→out10．Itwasveryintelligentofhimtoeupsuch