新教材2024版高中英语Unit4BreakingboundariesSectionBUsinglanguage学生用书外研版选择性必修第二册

SectionBUsinglanguage►第一版块|重点词汇1．minorityn．少数派；少数；少数民族❶Onlyaminorityofstudentsis/areinterestedinpolitics.只有少数学生对政治感爱好。❷Womenareintheminorityinthetopranksofgovernment.在政府的高级职位中，女性占少数。[归纳探究](1)aminorityof少数的……beina/theminority占少数(2)minoradj.较小的，次要的majoradj.大的，重要的ina/themajority占大多数themajorityof大多数[联想拓展]nationalminority 少数民族minoritygroup 少数群体，少数群minoritylanguage 少数民族语言；少数人的语言；小语种minorityshareholder 小股东；少数股东minorityleader 少数党领袖[即学活用]完成句子①Mostofthepeopleturnedtheirbacktohim.Only______________________(少数人)gavehimahand.②Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecause______________________________(大多数)thecommitteemembersareagainstit.③Inthenursingprofession,women______________________________(占大多数).单句语法填空④Toourdisappointment,onlyaminorityofpeople________(be)insupportofourplan.2.castv．选派(角色)；投，抛，扔❶StevenSpielbergcastherastheyoungWendyinHook.史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格选她扮演影片《铁钩船长》中年轻的温迪一角。❷Recentresearchhascastnewlightonthecausesofthedisease.最近的探讨可以使人进一步了解导致这种疾病的缘由。❸Herfather'sillnesscastashadowoverthebirthofherbaby.她父亲的病给她孩子的诞生蒙上了一层阴影。[归纳探究]castsb.assth.选某人扮演某个角色castlightonsth.使了解某事；阐明某事castdoubtonsth.使怀疑某事castashadow/cloudoversth.给某事蒙上阴影[联想拓展]castout驱除；逐出nodularcastiron球墨铸铁castby放弃；解除castaway丢掉，奢侈；使失事castaside抛弃；废除caston连忙披上(衣服等)castdown使懊丧；使下降；推翻[即学活用]完成句子①Hehas________________________________(选定她扮演一名律师)inhislatestmovie.②He______________________________________(被选扮演)acollegeprofessor.③Thediscoveryofthedinosaurskeletonhas________________(使人们了解)whytheybecameextinct.④Thislatestevidencehas________________________(使人们怀疑)hisversionofevents.3.rewardingadj.值得做的，有意义的，有益的❶Whilethesesixstepsaresimple,theyareveryrewarding.虽然这六步很简洁，但是却特别值得做。❷Finishingalongrunisaveryrewardingexperience.完成一次长跑是一项特别有益的体验。[归纳探究]rewardv.嘉奖；奖赏；给以酬劳n.嘉奖；回报；酬劳rewardsb.withsth.用某物嘉奖某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因为(做)某事而嘉奖某人arewardfor...对……的回报/奖赏[联想拓展]asarewardfor作为……的酬劳；作为……的回报rewardsystem奖赏系统；嘉奖系统rewardwith奖赏offerareward悬赏monetaryreward金钱奖赏；赏金financialreward物质奖酬，奖金inrewardfor作为报答；作为……的酬劳[即学活用]单句语法填空①Theworkisdifficult,butit'salsovery________(reward)whenpeopledowellandgetcured.②There'snothing________(rewarding)thanputtingsmilesonthefacesaroundyou.③Thecompanyrewardedhim________ajourneytoChinalastyear.④Hegavethechildrensomechocolatetorewardthem________behavingwell.4.inparticular尤其，特别❶Irememberoneoftheminparticular.我尤其记得他们中的一个人。❷Areyoudoinganythinginparticulartonight?你今晚有什么特别的事要做吗？❸Sheisveryparticularaboutherclothes.她对衣着特别挑剔。[归纳探究](1)inparticular相当于particularly，但两者位置不同：inparticular要放在被修饰词之后，而particularly要放在被修饰词之前。(2)beparticularabout对……讲究/挑剔[联想拓展]inparticularorder以特别的依次inparticularwith特别是；特别是与；特别是在inparticularsettings在特定的设置；在特定的环境中[即学活用]单句语法填空①Sheisveryparticular________thequalityoftheproduce.②Oneagentrecommendedahouse________particular.③Wearehopingtoexpandourbusiness,________(particular)inEurope.识登记列短语①belikelytodosth.很可能做某事②settledown定居，安静下来③mergeinto(使)汇合；(使)并入④makeajointeffort共同努力⑤haveaneffecton...对……有影响⑥nowonder难怪⑦enablesb.todosth.使某人能够做某事⑧cultureshock文化冲击⑨mutualbenefits互惠⑩formcloseconnectionswith...与……形成紧密联系语法导入——it用作形式主语1．语法现象感知①Butitisvitalnottotakeanychances.②WhenIsawthetragicscenesonthenews,Ifeltitwasmydutyasadoctortogothereandoffermyhelp.③ItisimportanttorememberthatEboladoesn'trespectnationalboundaries.④ItissoinspiringtohavecolleagueslikeWilton,MaisyandAlfonso,nottomentionalltheothersIhaveworkedwith.⑤Inaworldstillfacingsomanyproblems,itisabsolutelyessentialforusalltocollaboratetocreateaglobalcommunitywithasharedfutureofpeaceandprosperity.2．语法规则理解以上例句中的it用作形式________，指代后面的________。【语法探究·核心突破】it用作形式主语英语中it可用于代替上文中提到的那一个事物，代替上文中说到的一件事，代替不知情的人(尤其是不知身份、性别和姓名的人)。也可用于表示时间、天气、距离、计算结果等。还可用来代替不定式、动名词、从句等，充当形式主语或形式宾语。本单元主要学习it用作形式主语的用法。1．用作形式主语替代不定式。①Itis＋adj.＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.【微点拨】句型中的形容词表示对逻辑主语的评价时，不定式前用ofsb.，常见的形容词有brave，careless，foolish，honest，kind，modest，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong等；若形容词表示重要性，紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、平安等状况时，则不定式前用forsb.，常见的形容词有important，necessary，easy，hard，natural，impossible等。②It＋is/was＋one'sturn/duty/pleasure(apity,greatfun,ahabit,time,arule,ashame,nowonder)＋todosth.③Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花费某人多少时间做某事。④Itcostssb.somemoneytodosth.某人花费多少钱去做某事。⑤It'suptosb.todosth.应由某人(负责)做某事。❶It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我真好。❷Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.按时交电费很重要，因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。❸Itisyourturntoreadthetext.轮到你读课文了。❹Ittakesmeanhourtowalkthereandback.我步行一个来回用一小时。❺Itisuptoyoutomaketheplan.应当由你制订这个支配。2．用作形式主语替代动词-ing形式。有些句型中it用作形式主语，真正主语为动词-ing形式：①It'suseless/(of)nouse/(of)nogood...做……是徒然的/没有用的/没有好处的。②Itisawasteof...doingsth.做某事是奢侈……的。❶Itisnousegivinghimsomeadvice.＝Itisuselessgivinghimsomeadvice.给他提建议没用。❷Itisnogoodlivingalonewithoutkeepingintouchwithothers.独居而不和他人来往没有好处。(it用作形式主语，动名词短语livingalonewithout...为真正的主语)❸Itisawasteoftimetryingtopersuadehimtochangehismind.Asisknowntousall,heissostubborn.试图劝服他变更方法是在奢侈时间。众所周知，他是如此固执。3．用作形式主语替代主语从句。①Itbe＋adj.＋that...(常用于此句型的形容词有：certain，doubtful，important，necessary，easy，strange，national等)②Itbe＋过去分词＋that...据……(常用于此句型的过去分词有：said，announced，believed，reported，known，hoped等)③Itbe＋n.＋that...做……是……的。(常用于此句型的名词有：pity，honour，shame，wonder等)④Ithappens/turnsout/occurstosb.that...碰巧/结果是/某人突然想起……❶Itisnecessarythattheworkshouldbedonewell.这项工作应当被很好地完成，这一点是必要的。❷It'sapitythatIdidn'tthinkofitearlier.真是缺憾我没有早一点这么想。❸Itsohappenedthattheticketsweresoldout.碰巧票都卖光了。❹Itoccurredtoherthatshemightadoptahomelesschild.她突然想到她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。❺Itturnsoutthatthesituationisquiteserious.结果表明状况很严峻。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Fromtheteacher'spatientexplanation,Ihavelearntwhatabigresponsibility________istoeducateus.2．Iknow________isimportanttoknowmyownlimitations,butwhatisdifficultistohelpotherstoknowtheirownlimitations.3．It________(know)tousthatheisoneofthemostfamousfootballplayersintheworld.4．Itneveroccurredtome________youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.5．________feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.Ⅱ.句型转换(用it作形式主语)1．Weallknewthattheyhadbrokentheirpromise.→________________________________theyhadbrokentheirpromise.2．Peoplesaythattheweatherinthenorthisquitedifferentfromthatinthesouth.→____________________________theweatherinthenorthisquitedifferentfromthatinthesouth.3．SheisreportedtohavewonseveralgoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.→________________________________shehas