Unit9现在完成时八年级英语下册课件（人教版）

Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum

现在完成时精讲精练GrammarFocusHavebeento…

用于表达有过去某地的经历ever,never分别表达什么意思？用于什么句子中,在句子的什么位置？Me,too.=Me,neither.=

SohaveI.

NeitherhaveI.ever作副词，意为“曾经”，常用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中，位于助动词have/has之后、过去分词之前。never作副词，意为“从不；从未”，常用于现在完成时中，表示否定含义，位于助动词have/has之后、过去分词之前。现在完成时可表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。e.g.Ihavelostmypen.(我现在无钢笔可用)Hehashadagoodeducation.(他的文化水平比较高)现在完成时现在完成时构成：助动词have/has+

动词的过去分词。动词过去分词的构成有规则构成和不规则构成两类。规则动词过去分词的构成和其过去式的构成相同，如：finish→finished；live→lived;stop→stopped;study→studied等。不规则动词的过去分词需要牢记。Have

you

ever

been

to

Hong

Kong你曾去过香港吗？

I

have

never

spoken

to

her.我从没和她说过话。Mygrandmahas

traveled

by

plane

twice.我奶奶已经乘飞机旅行过两次了。Thegirlhasvisitedthefamousteacherrecently.最近这个女孩已经拜访过那位名师了。

GrammarFocus现在完成时标志词1.表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响：just刚刚,already已经,yet还/仍然,ever曾经,never从未,before以前,so

far到目前为止twice两次，数字+times，manytimes多次【注意】对次数提问，用howmanytimes

提问2.表示过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的动作或状态：for+时间段(持续多久),since+时间点/从句(自从...)

【注意】对for/

since提问，用howlong

提问yet否定句、疑问句(是否发生);already肯定句、疑问句(吃惊语气)适用于瞬间性动词适用于延续性动词现在完成时肯定句变否定句、一般疑问句及一般疑问句的简略回答：肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+…肯定答语:Yes,主格代词+have/has.否定答语:No,主格代词+haven’t/hasn’t.e.g.Ihavegotaletterfrommyaunt.

(肯定句)→Ihaven’tgotaletterfrommyaunt.

(否定句)→—Haveyougotaletterfromyouraunt

(一般疑问句)—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.(简略回答)【语境应用】按要求完成下列各题。1)Janehasmetalotoffamouspeople.

(改为一般疑问句)_______Jane_______alotoffamouspeople2)Hehasalreadyeatenallthefoodontheplate.

(改为否定句)He______________allthefoodontheplate_______.3)—HasPeterdrivenacarbefore

(作肯定回答)—_______,______________.4)—Mary,haveyougotajobyet

(作否定回答)—_______,______________.Hasmethasn'teatenyetYeshehasNoIhaven'twork____________live____________stay____________stop____________clean____________study____________workedworkedlivedlivedstayedstayedstoppedstoppedcleanedcleanedstudiedstudied写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词Exercise现在完成时二、动词过去分词变化规则1.规则变化GrammarFocus现在完成时三、动词过去分词变化规则2.不规则变化原形过去式过去分词AAA型putputputAAB型beatbeatbeatenABB型havehadhadABA型runcomerancameruncomeABC型am/is/arewas/werebeen参看课本P136-137IrregularVerbsGrammarFocus现在完成时五、易错点辨析词组含义搭配havegoneto去了没回HehasgonetoBeijingandhewon’tbebackuntilnextweek.havebeento去过已回

HehasbeentoBeijingforthreetimessincelastyear.havebeenin在某地呆了多长时间HehasbeeninBeijingfortwomonths.现在完成时GrammarFocus用法:现在完成时可表示直到现在为止的生活经历，常用___________（去过），__________曾经），___________（从未）等表示经历。现在完成时表示“经历”nevereverhavebeento史蒂夫曾去过中国三次。我从未看过这本书。StevehaseverbeentoChinathreetimes.Ihaveneverreadthebook.havebeento与havegoneto的区别GrammarFocus意为“_______________”，表示___________________。可与just,

ever,

never等连用。现在已经不在那里了曾经去过某地havebeento她去过成都三次了。ShehasbeentoChengduthreetimes.意为“_______________”，表示___________________。说话时该人不在现场。一般不用第一、二人称代词作主语。havebeento与havegoneto的区别GrammarFocus表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中“到某地去了”havegoneto她去成都了。She

has

gone

to

Chengdu.【语境应用】用have/hasbeen(to)

或

have/hasgone(to)填空。1)—Hi,thisisDave.MayIspeaktoJim—Sorry,heisn’tin.He_____________theschoollibrary.2)—Areyoulookingforwardtogoingto

Paris—No.I______________thecitytwice.3)—AreyouinterestedingoingtothePalaceMuseum—No.I__________theremanytimes.

hasgoneto

havebeento

havebeen

【语境应用】完成句子。1)Tom出去了，他一个小时以后回来。Tom______________out.He'llbebackinanhour.2)——你要去银行吗？——不，我已经去过银行了。—Areyougoingtothebank—No,I____________________________thebank.hasgonehavealreadybeento3)——你曾经去过巴黎吗？——不，从没有。—___________________________________Paris—No,never.4)Mrs.Green已经回家了，你可以明天问她那个问题。Mrs.Green_____________________.Youcanaskherthatquestiontomorrow.Haveyoueverbeentohasgonehome现在完成时的用法现在完成时还可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态，该用法中的动词多是延续性动词，常见的时态标志词有since,for等。1.sinceprep.&conj.自从……以来介词时,后接表示过去的时间点,表示某事开始的时间；连词时,引导时间状语从句,从句常用一般过去时。如：

WehavebeenheresincelastSunday/twoyearsago.Mr.Joneshasworkedheresincehewastwenty-five.2.forprep.后接一段时间，表示一个动作或一种状态已经持续了多长时间。如：

Ihavestudiedhereforthreeyears.Shehasbeenawayforfivedays.【注意】1)

对since和

for引导的时间状语提问时,常用howlong。如：Janehaslearnedtoplaythepianosincetwoyearsago.

HowlonghasJanelearnedtoplaythepiano2)

在现在完成时中，含有for和since的句子可以相互转换。如：

Theyhavelivedhereforfiveyears.=Theyhavelivedheresincefiveyearsago.3)

在现在完成时中，表示短暂意义的动词(如come和see)在肯定句和一般疑问句中不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，但在否定句中是可以的。如：

Theyhaven’tseeneachotherforages.短暂性(短语)动词与延续性(短语)动词和与表示状态的短语之间的转化1.

有些短暂性(短语)动词可转化为相应的延续性(短语)动词。

become

→

be

borrow

→

keep

buy

→

have/own

catchacold

→

haveacoldcome

→

stay

puton

→

weargotosleep

→

sleep

moveto

→

livein2.

有些短暂性(短语)动词可转化为表示状态的短语。常见的有：

leave

→

beaway

begin/start

→

beondie

→

bedead

finish

→

beoverjoin

→

bein/beamemberoffallasleep

→

beasleep

marry

→

bemarried

come/arrivehere

→

behere考点一：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already，just，yet，ever，never，before，sofar，recently，inthepast/last...years/months等连用或根据上下文语境判断。助动词have/has+动词的过去分词现在完成时考点二：表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，也许还要持续下去，该用法常适用于延续性动词，常与for+时间段或since+时间点或since引导的时间状语从句连用。考点三：一些短暂性动词转换成意义相近的延续性动词或be+形容词/副词/介词短语/a(n)+名词，与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：buy→haveborrow→keepmove→livedie→bedeadopen→beopenclose→beclosedfallasleep→beasleepmarry→bemarriedleave→beawaycome→bein/atbegin/start(电影等开始)→beonjoin→bein+组织/beamemberin+组织考点四：havebeento“到过某地(现在已经回来了)”，句中常有表示次数的词语once，twice，threetimes等；havegoneto“去某地了(但还没有回来)”；havebeenin/at“已在某地(呆了多久)”,若后面接地点副词如here、there等，则不用介词in或at。HaveyoubeentoBeijingbeforeMyfatherhasgonetoGuangzhouandwillcomebacktomorrow.Ihavebeeninthearmyformorethan5years.时态含义及例句

一般过去时只强调过去的动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：Isawthefilmlastmonth.

现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的后果或影响，不与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：Ihaveseenthefilmmanytimes.

一般过去时&现在完成时

现在完成时

一般过去时用法时间状语谓语动词表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况。表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。常和already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since,

for+段时间,次数(twice,manytimes),sofar等连用。常和yesterday,lastweek,justnow,in2012,twodaysago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词。谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制。Putthecorrectformsoftheverbsintheblanks.1.A:Doyouwant________(come)tothespacemuseumB:No,I’vealready________(be)therethreetimes.2.A:Haveyou_______(see)therobotsatthesciencemuseumB:Yes,I_______(go)therelastweekend.3.A:Let’s_______(spend)thedayatthezoo.B:Well,I’vealready_______(be)thereacoupleoftimes,butI’mhappy_______(go)again.tocomebeenseenwentspendbeentogo4.A:Howabout______(go)totheartmuseumTherearesomespecialGermanpaintingsthererightnow.B:Sure.Whendoyouwant______(go)5.A:Haveyouever_______(visit)thehistorymuseumB:No,I’venever_______(be)there.goingtogovisitedbeenhavegonehavebeenhavearrivedhasbegunHaven’tfinishedcalledplayedWon’tgo/amnotgoing1.I_______ChinaforthreemonthsandthisisthefirsttimeI’vetriedonhanfu.(2023江苏扬州)havegonetoB.havebeentoC.havearrivedinD.havebeenin2.—Mum,whereisTony—He________towatchafootballmatch.Hewillbebacklater.A.hasgone B.went C.goes(2023四川乐山)已在某地(待了多久)DA3.—WhatistheTripCode(行程码)usedfor—It’susedtoshowwhereyou______inthelast14days.A.were B.willbe C.havebeen D.hadbeen(2022山东滨州)4.Jim______alotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.A.learnsB.learned C.willlearn D.haslearned(2022北京)CD5.—Ihaven’tseenLiMingfordays.Why—He_____Beijing.Hewillcomebacknextmonth.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.willgoto(2022四川凉山)B6.Sincehewasalittleboy,he_____inlovewithmusic.A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.hadbeen(2022湖北十堰)7.We_____eachothersincewemetinthelastsummercamp.A.won’tsee B.haven’tseen C.didn’tsee(2022海南)CB1.—WhatistheTripCode(行程码)usedfor—It’susedtoshowwhereyou______inthelast14days.A.were B.willbe C.havebeen D.hadbeen(2022山东滨州)2.Jim______alotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.A.learnsB.learned C.willlearn D.haslearned(2022北京)CD3.—Ihaven’tseenLiMingfordays.Why—He_____Beijing.Hewillcomebacknextmonth.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.willgoto(2022四川凉山)B4.Sincehewasalittleboy,he_____inlovewithmusic.A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.hadbeen(2022湖北十堰)5.We_____eachothersincewemetinthelastsummercamp.A.won’tsee B.haven’tseen C.didn’tsee(2022海南)CB1.—MissZhangseemsquitefamiliarwithYunnanProvince.—Don'tyouknowShe_______atownschoolthereasavolunteerteacherforover2years.(2021江苏南通)A.isinB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeentoC2.Since1989,ProjectHope________millionsofyoungpeoplefrompoorfamiliesachievetheirdreamsofgoingtoschool.

(2020云南昆明)A.willhelp B.helps

C.hashelped D.ishelpingC3.—WhereisCatherineIhaven’tseenherfordays.—She_______Wuhan.She’llbebacknextweek.(2019湖北黄冈)A.hasgoneto B.hasbeentoC.havegoneto D.havebeentoA1.—It’s20yearssincewecamebacktoLiangshan.—Howtimeflies!We_____inourhometownforsuchalongtime.(2020四川凉山)A.work

B.worked C.hasworked D.haveworkedD2.Since1989,ProjectHope________millionsofyoungpeoplefrompoorfamiliesachievetheirdreamsofgoingtoschool.

(2020云南)A.willhelp B.helps

C.hashelped D.ishelping3.Someprimaryandsecondaryschools_______wintersportstotheircoursessinceBeijingwontherighttohostthe2022WinterOlympicGames.(2020江苏泰州)A.addedB.willadd

C.haveaddedD.wereaddingCC4.Ithasbeentwomonthssincemyfather________forItaly.

(2020黑龙江龙东)A.wasleft B.left C.leaves5.—Hi,Jill.I_______inmymathsinceyousharedyourgoodexperiencewithme.—Great!Congratulations!(2020黑龙江哈尔滨)A.havemaderapidprogressB.maderapidprogressC.willmakerapidprogressBA6.Bob,you_____inthiscitysince2018.Howdoyoulikeit(2020四川成都)A.lived B.live C.havelived7.I______theguitareversinceIwas8yearsold.(2020甘肃武威)A.played B.haveplayed C.amplaying D.willplayCB8.—Whatdoyouusuallydoinyoursparetime—Ioftengotoourcommunitylibrary.It_____fortwoyearsinordertoencourageustoreadmore.(2020湖北鄂州)A.opens B.hasopened C.hasbeenopened D.hasbeenopenDopen是非延续性动词，此处用形容词形式beopen表示状态，可以延续。9.MrJiang____thecompanytodevelopthe5Gnetworkforyears.Nowheworksasthechiefengineerinit.(2020江苏南通)A.joined B.wasamemberofC.hasjoined D.hasbeenamemberof10.—Thenewshirtlooksgoodonyou.Whendidyoubuyit—OnJuly7th.I_____itforaweek.(2020四川遂宁)A.haveboughtB.havehadC.boughtD.buyDBPutthecorrectformsoftheverbsintheblanks.1.A:Doyouwant________(come)tothespacemuseumB:No,I’vealready________(be)therethreetimes.2.A:Haveyou_______(see)therobotsatthesciencemuseumB:Yes,I_______(go)therelastweekend.3.A:Let’s_______(spend)thedayatthezoo.B:Well,I’vealready_______(be)thereacoupleoftimes,butI’mhappy_______(go)again.tocomebeenseenwentspendbeentogo4.A:Howabout______(go)totheartmuseumTherearesomespecialGermanpaintingsthererightnow.B:Sure.Whendoyouwant______(go)5.A:Haveyouever_______(visit)thehistorymuseumB:No,I’venever_______(be)there.goingtogovisitedbeenFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Mostofus_________(see)MickeyMouse,DonaldDuckandotherfamousDisneycharactersincartoonsbefore.Buthaveyouever______(be)toDisneylandDisneyland____(be)anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme—Disneycharactersandmovies.There_____(be)manyexcitingrides,lovelyrestaurantsandfantasticgiftshopsthere.haveseenbeenisareYoucanalso______(see)theDisneycharacterswalkingaroundthepark.Andhaveyouever_______(hear)ofaDisneyCruiseThis_____(be)aboatridewithaDisneytheme.Youcan______(take)arideontheboatforseveraldaysandeatandsleeponit.Ontheboat,youcan_______(shop)andhaveDisneypartiesbeforeyou_______(arrive)attheDisneyisland.seeheardistakeshoparriveI.根据语境,用have/hasbeen(to)或have/hasgone(to)填空。1.He_______________manycities,suchasChangsha,LanzhouandShenzhen.2.Don'tlookforthechildren.They_______________thelibrary.3.Rebeca_______________