2021学年高中英语Module4GreatScientists单元素能自测课时作业含解析外研版必修4

Module4GreatScientists

单元素能自测

I.完形填空

It，sbeensolongthatIcan'trememberthecrime,butI'llneverforgetthe

punishment:Digupthefigtree（无花果树）inthebackyardandplantitatMumsy's

placeinthecountry.AsIoftendidwhenIwas1todohardworkinthegarden,

Isuspectedthiswasmyparents，wayof2metodotheirdirtywork.

ItwasaSundaymorning.Withsometools,Iwenttothetreeand3it

down."Whatdidthat4everdotoyou?Youshouldhaveleftsometaproot（主根），

atleast.Goandloadupthetruck,“myfathersaid.Onanyotherdaybefore,during

the5toMumsy's,wewouldhavepleasantly6schoolasusual,butIfenced

myselfoffthattime.

Then,atMumsy's,insteadofsittingbacktowatchmework,he7me.Asmy

fatherandItookturnstowork,Icouldfeelmyanger8,makingroomforthe

simplesatisfactionofworkingatmyfather，sside9acommongoal.

uWell,"myfathersaidwhenwe10,"we'vedonewhatwecando.”“Do

youthinkthere*sany11thatitcangrowup?”Iasked."It'srichdirt.They

sayyoucan12toenai1sinitandgrowlittlekids,“myfatheranswered.Inever

triedthetoenailtrick,butIdid13asitsettledin,tookroot,andbeganto

prosper.Iwasamazedand14whenbowlsoffigsbegantofillthefridge.

Ina15fairworld,Idon，tdeservethereward.Ihad16thetreeformyown

complaints.WhatrightdidIhavetothefruit?Yearslater,Iputthis17tomy

father.Watchinghimslideabowloffigsfromthefridgeonemorning,1feltshameful

formyboyhood18.Myfathertookafigfromthe19andletmethinkofthefruit

asforgiveness.“You,"hesaid,a20someofthat.”

本文是一篇记叙文。在“我”犯错误时，父亲让“我”移栽一棵无花果树，在劳动和收

获的过程中，让“我”明白了谅解和宽容是每个人都应该得到的。

1.A.allowedB.punished

C.rewardedD.encouraged

答案：B

解析：allow“允许”；punish"惩罚"；reward”奖赏，回报”；encourage"鼓励"。

根据本段中的11neverforgetthepunishment”可知，作者是被惩罚在花园里干活的。

故B项符合题意。

2.A.invitingB.helpingC.forcingD.making

答案：C

解析：invite“邀请”；help“帮助”；force“强迫”；make”制造，使得”。句意

参考上题。本处意为“强迫”，故C项符合题意。

3.A.cutB.steppedC.putD.turned

答案：A

解析：cut“砍”，cutdown意为"砍倒"；step“走，迈步”；put“放置”；turn“转

身”。本处意为“砍倒树”，故A项符合题意。

4.A.truckB.toolC.treeD.taproot

答案：C

解析：句意：那树对你做了什么？（那树惹你了？）故c项符合题意。

5.A.restB.flightC.walkD.ride

答案：D

解析：rest“休息”；flight“航班”；walk“行走”；ride"（乘车或骑车的）短途旅

程”。本处与上句的thetruck相呼应。

6.A.thoughtoverB.talkedabout

C.brokeintoD.gaveup

答案：B

解析：thinkover"仔细思考"；talkabout”谈论"；breakinto“闯入"；giveup"放

弃”。句意：若放在以前的任何一天，这段路程中，我们本来会像往常一样开心地谈论学校

发生的事，但那天我却把自己隔开（一言不发）。故B项符合题意。

7.A.forgaveB.trickedC.entertainedD.joined

答案：D

解析：forgive“原谅”；trick“欺骗"；entertain“娱乐”；join“力口入”。句意：

父亲不是像以前那样看着我干活儿，而是加入进来，和我一起干。故答案为D项。

8.A.disappearedB.concentrated

C.approachedD.exposed

答案：A

解析：disappear"消失"；concentrate“集中"；approach“靠近"；expose”揭露,

暴露”。句意：我能感觉到我的愤怒在消失。故A项符合题意。

9.A.throughB.against

C.towardD.off

答案：C

解析：句意：我能感觉到我的愤怒在消失，那种和父亲一起朝共同目标努力的感觉让我

很有满足感。toward意为“朝、向”。C项符合题意。

10.A.arguedB.continued

C.startedD.finished

答案：D

解析：argue"争论"；continue"继续"；start“开始”；finish“完成”。本处意

为“干完活”，故D项符合题意。

11.A.relationshipB.chance

C.advantageD.value

答案：B

解析：relationship“关系"；chance”机会，可能性”；advantage"优势”；value”价

值”。句意：你认为它有可能长起来吗？

12.A.digB.plant

C.removeD.observe

答案：B

解析:dig“挖”；plant“种植"；remove“去掉”；observe“观察”。句意:他们

说你可以把脚指甲种进去，然后能长出小孩来（父亲在和我开玩笑）。

13.A.understandB.determine

C.watchD.feel

答案：c

解析：understand"理解"；determine"决定"；watch"注视，关注"；feel"感觉"。

本处指我“关注着”它的成长过程。

14.A.confusedB.relieved

C.regretfulD.disappointed

答案：B

解析：confused"糊涂的，困惑的"；relieved"放松的，解脱的，松了口气”；

regretful”遗憾的，后悔的"；disappointed“失望的”。句意：当成碗的无花果装满冰

箱时，我感到惊讶和解脱。

15.A.perfectlyB.partly

C.mostlyD.probably

答案：A

解析：perfectly“完美地，完全地”；partly“部分地”；mostly“主要地”；

probably“很有可能”。句意：在一个完全公平的社会中，我不值得这种回报。故A项符合

题意。

16.A.forgottenB.hurt

C.helpedD.guarded

答案：B

解析：forget“忘记”；hurt“伤害”；help“帮助”；guard“守卫”。句意:我曾

经因为我的抱怨而伤害了那棵树。故B项符合题意。

17.A.taskB.answer

C.questionD.strategy

答案：C

解析：task"任务"；answer"回答，答案"；question"问题"；strategy"战略，

策略”。句意：我向父亲提出这个问题。故C项符合题意。

18.A.backgroundB.misfortune

C.memberD.mistake

答案：D

解析：background”背景"；misfortune”不幸，灾祸"；member"成员"；mistake"错

误”。句意：我为童年的过错感到羞愧。故D项符合题意。

19.A.fridgeB.bowlC.kitchenD.desk

答案：B

解析：句意：父亲从碗中拿出一个无花果，让我把果实看成是（老天对我的）原谅。

bowl"碗”，与上文的abowloffigs相呼应。

20.A.deserveB.receiveC.protectD.suspect

答案：A

解析:deserve“值得"；receive"收到"；protect"保护"；suspect”怀疑”。句

意：父亲说：“你应当得到原谅。”

II.阅读理解

AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,andhisachievement

wasevengreaterthanafewothergreatscientistshaveachieved.AnAmerican

universitypresidentoncesaidthatEinsteinhadmadeanewoutlook,anewviewof

theuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullythe

identity（特性）oftimeandspaceandsoon一butevenordinarymennowunderstand

thattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverthoughtbefore.

By1914youngEinsteinhadbeenworldfamous.Heacceptedtheoffertobecome

aprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,little

teachingandunlimitedchancesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietwerebroken

byWorldWarI.

Einsteinhatedfightingandkilling.Thegreatsufferingofwaraffectedhim

deeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhis

researchandviolin.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.

IntheyearfollowingWorldWarI,honourswereincreasinglyputonhim.Hebecame

headoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.Buthehimselfrefused

theefforttoputhiminapositionfaraboveotherpeople.Hewaswell-knownfor

hishumble（谦逊的）manner.Heoftensaidthathissuccesswouldcertainlyhavebeen

achievedbyothersifhehadneverlived.

In1921hewontheNoblePrize,andhewashonouredinGermanyuntiltherise

ofNazismwhenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.

本文介绍了爱因斯坦的贡献、信仰及遭遇。

1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis.

A.thedifficultyofEinstein'sthoughttoothers

B.thefeelingofanAmericanuniversitypresidenttowardsEinstein

C.thedifferencebetweenscienceandhistory

D.thechangeinhumanthoughtproducedbyEinstein

答案：D

解析：段落大意题。第一段第二句中.madeanewoutlook,anewview...n提到

爱因斯坦提供了一种新的视角，后面一句则是人们对宇宙的新认识，所以D项正确。

2.ItseemstotheAmericanuniversitypresidentthat.

A.Einsteinachievedmorethananyotherscientistinhistory

B.everybodyunderstandsEinstein'sscientificideas

C.thenewviewoftheuniversecanbequicklylearnedbyeveryone

D.ourideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodayfromthoseinthepastbecause

ofEinstein

答案：D

解析：推理判断题。从第一段第二句可知，该美国大学校长曾评论爱因斯坦创立了一种

新的观点即一种新的宇宙观。

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutEinsteinistrue?

A.Heachievedthegreatestachievement.

B.Ourideasabouttheuniversedifferfromoneanotherbecauseofhim.

C.Uekeptworkinguntilpeacecamein1918.

D.HisresearchpracticallystoppedduringtheFirstWorldWar.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。第三段表明爱因斯坦深受战争的影响，而且该段最后一句"Only

whenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.”也表明爱因斯坦在第一次

世界大战期间研究工作实际上是停止了。

4.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________.

A.Germansusuallyhavehighrespectforscience

B.Einsteinhadotherinterestsbesidesscience

C.Einsteinwasforcedtoworkagainin1918

D.EinsteinledaquietlifeduringWorldWarI

答案：B

解析:推理判断题。从第三段第三句"Helostinterestinhisresearchandviolin.w

可知，除了科学之外，爱因斯坦还有别的爱好。

III.短文改错

下面短文共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、

删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画--横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

WeareverygladtohavethechancetovisittotheBritishMuseum.Noother

museumscantakeplaceoftheBritishMuseum.Itisafamoustouristattractionfor

touristallovertheworld.Itconsistsofmanyshowrooms,oneofwhatis

theshowroomofChina.Itwasdividedintoseveralpartstodisplaydifferentobjects

fromChina.Whenyoulookaroundtheshowroom,itmayseemstrangelytoyou

thatBritainshouldhavetakensomuchvaluablethingsfromChina.Ifyoudon，thave

enoughtimeordon'twanttoleaveoutsomething,Isuggestthatyoushouldmake

alistofthethingsyouwanttosee.Whilevisitedthemuseum,youshouldkeepyour

eyesopen.

答案

WeareverygladtohavethechancetovisittheBritishMuseum.

NoothermuseumscantakeAplaceoftheBritishMuseum.Itisafamous

the

touristattractionforlourislallovertheworld.Itconsistsofmanyshowro-

tourists

oms,oneofwhatistheshowroomofChina.Itwasdividedintoseveral

whichis

partstodisplaydifferentobjectsfromChina.Whenyoulookaroundthe

showroom,itmayseemstrangelytoyouthatBritainshouldhavetakenso

strange

muchvaluablethingsfromChina.Ifyoudon'thaveenoughtimeordon't

manybut

wanttoleaveoutsomething.Isuggestthatyoushouldmakealistofthe