2025届新高考英语精准冲刺复习-定语从句

2025届新高考英语精准冲刺复习

定语从句1.（2023·北京卷）Ninarecentlyfinishedheryear-longseriesofrunsinChicago,_______thousandswereattendingawaterconference.where2.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.that3.（2022·新高考卷）IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,_____wasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.who真题链接4.（2022·新高考卷）Davidhadabraindisease__________preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.which/that5.（2022·浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics_________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.who/that6.（2022·浙江1月卷）Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allof_______werefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.whom考点考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1.who、whom、whose引导的定语从句（1）who或whom均可指代人,who在从句中可作主语也可作宾语,whom在从句中只作宾语,两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时,who/that不可省略;作宾语时,whom/who/that可以省略，但跟在介词后面作宾语时，关系代词不可省略。I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool（who/whom/that）ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.去年，我与几个在英语演讲比赛中结识的学生成了好朋友。Part-timeworkers,themajorityofwhomarewomen,aredoublydisadvantaged.兼职工作者多数为女性，处于双重的不利条件下。（2）whose表示所属关系,一般指人,也可指物,在从句中作定语。其指物时相当于ofwhich,指人时相当于ofwhom。（2022·全国乙卷）SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhose（=ofwhom）shoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.因此，对他们来说，搬到科罗拉多州的埃尔克海德去指导那些用绳子把鞋子绑在一起的孩子们是一件令人惊讶的事。2.that、which引导的定语从句（1）which指物,常在从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物,常在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,作宾语时可以省略。（2）限制性定语从句中,关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:①先行词为不定代词anything、nothing、something、everything、all、some、none、little、few、theone等时。②先行词为形容词最高级或序数词,或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。③先行词被theonly、thevery、thelast、thesame、any、every、each、few、little、no、some、all等修饰时。④先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的词时。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。（3）关系代词只用which而不用that的情况:①关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。Theboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,whichworriedhisparentsverymuch.这个男孩离家一个星期了,这使他的父母很担心。as引导的定语从句（1）as可以引导限制性定语从句,常用于“such/thesame+先行词+as...”结构中。SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.像在我们车间使用的这种机器就是中国制造的。（2）as也可以引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明整个句子,可放在主句之前、之中或之后。常用的表达有asthesayinggoes、asissaidabove、asismentionedabove、asoftenhappens、asisoftenthecase、asisreportedinthenewspaper等。（2022·全国乙卷）Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的,每年产量不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。关系副词引导的定语从句1.where引导的定语从句where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于“介词+which”。（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）Jaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswhere（=inwhich）

freshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.2.when引导的定语从句when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于“介词+which”。（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）Itmightbethetimewhen（=duringwhich）youhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework...这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候……3.why引导的定语从句

why表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,相当于“for+which”。（2023·北京卷）Rankings,however,areonlyonereasonwhy（=forwhich）alowvalueisplacedonteachinginhighereducation.然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。1.（2023·安徽六安示范高中联考）Climatechangehasbecomeanundeniablereality.It'snotjustobviousinthepoles_______icecapsaremeltingatanalarmingpace,norisitanissueofthefuture:It'swhat'shappeningnowinourownbackyardshereinAsia.where2.Therewasatime______peoplemightfeelawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.3.Unlessyou'reill,there'snoreason_____youcan'tgetthose15minutesofwalkingindaily.4.Sanxingdui（三星堆）isbelievedtohavesatattheheartoftheShuState,_______historiansknowlittleaboutbecauseofthelackofwrittenrecords.whenwhywhich考点3“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1.介词和关系代词的确定若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which。另外,whose也可以放在介词后,即“介词+whose+名词”结构。（2021·浙江1月卷）Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.黑猩猩会检查自己是否得到了想要与之交流的动物的关注。③根据所表达的意思来确定Iwasimpressedbyherpersistenceinherworkandscientificresearch,withoutwhichshecouldn'thavemadesuchremarkableachievements.她对工作和科学研究的坚持给我留下了深刻的印象，没有这种坚持，她不可能取得如此卓越的成就。2.“of+关系代词”引导的定语从句在some、any、few、little、none、all、both、neither、many、most、each等代词或数词的前后表示整体与