2022-2023学年江苏省南通市海安某中学高一年级上册第一次月考英语试题（解析版）

2022-2023学年度第一学期高一年级阶段测试（一）

英语

第一部分:听力（共两节，满分20分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whichcountrydidthewomango?

A.France.B.China.C.SouthKorea.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:DidyougotoSouthKoreaandChinaduringthesummer,Sara?

W:No,myfatherwantedtogotoEurope.SowewenttoFranceinstead.We'llgotoAsianextsummer.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whowillmovetoanewplace?

A.Kitty.B.Roger.C.Ann.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:HelloRoger?ThisisAnn.

M:Oh,hi,Ann.Howhaveyoubeen?Andhow'syournewapartmentworkingout?

W:Well,that'swhatI'mcallingabout.Yousee,Ijustcan'tstandKittyanylonger.Therefore,Tvedecidedtolook

foranewplace.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whencouldtheplansbehandedinatthelatest?

A.OnTuesdayafternoon.

B.OnThursdayafternoon.

C.BeforeTuesdayafternoon.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］W:Whenwouldyoulikemetosendthoseplansovertoyouroffice,Mr.Black?

M:ItwouldbegoodifyoucouldgetthemtomebyThursdayafternoon,Ms.Barkley.

W:IthinkIcangivethemtoyouonTuesdayafternoon.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.Practicingaplay.

B.Takingawalkdowntown.

C.Filmingamoviescene.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Iusedtolovewalkingdownthesestreets.Now,itfeelslikeI'mastrangerinachild'sdreamsomewhere!

M:Allright,that'sacut.Mandy,Ilovetheemotion,buteverytimeyousaythatlastline,youlookatthecamera.OK,

againfromthetop...

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?

A.Sheisn'talocal.

B.Sheisti*yingtoparkhercar.

C.Shedidn'tseethesign.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Excuseme!Don'tyouknowthatyoucanturnrightwhenthelightisred?It'sjustlikebeingatastopsign

inthatsituation.You'reholdinguptraffic!

W:Oh,Tmsorry.ThelawsaredifferentinMontana...

第二节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Wheredidthewomanstayatnightduringtheholiday?

A.Inatent.B.Inahotel.C.Inafarmhouse.

7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepeoplethere?

A.Interesting.B.Friendly.C.Honest.

【答案】6.A7.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning,Sue!Howisyourholiday?Didyouenjoyit?

W:Yes,Ihadagreattime.IwenttoInnerMongoliawithsomeofmyfriends.Wewentmountainclimbingnear

Baotou,andwestayedinatentatnightandcookedmealsoveranopenfire.

M:Soundscool!Didyoulikethepeoplethere?

W:Yes,theywerenice.Wemetsomefarmersandtheyinvitedustohaveteaintheirhouse.

M:Whataninterestingexperience!

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Whatdoesthemancallthewomanfor?

A.Tohandinhisroommate'spaper.

B.Toaskabouthisroommate'sillness.

CToaskhertoseehissickroommate.

9.Whatdoesthemanhavetodointheafternoon?

AVisitthewoman.B.Meetthesecretary.C.Haveameeting.

【答案】8.A9.B

【解析】

原文】W:DonnaHooverspeaking.

M:Dr.Hoover,mynameisEdgarBush.Myroommate,John,isinyourarthistoryclass.Uh...,ArtHistory502?

W:Yes.

M:Well,heissickandwon'tbeinyourclasstoday.Heaskedmetobringhistermpapertoyouroffice.

W:OK.Thepaperisdueby3o'clock.

M:Ihaveaclassfrom1:00to2:00.Tilbringittoyourofficeaftermyclass.

W:Well,Ihaveameetingthisafternoon.Soyoucandropitoffwiththesecretaryofthearthistorydepartment.She'll

seetoit.

10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.

11.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthefoods?

A.Theyareonsale.

B.Theyareofhighquality.

C.Theycanbestoredforalongtime.

12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Callataxiforher.

B.Takeataxiback.

C.Carrythegroceriestothecar.

【答案】10.C11.A12.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Oh,Cindy,yougotsomanythings.Threeshoppingbasketsfilledwithfoods!Howmanydayswillthe

foodslast?

W:Oh,theseareallreduceditemsthatarealmostpasttheir"best-befbredate”.Theydiscountallthesegoodsat10

percentoff.It'sagoodwaytostockuponthingssuchasbeefandcannedfoods.

M:Don'tyouhavetobuyanygreenvegetables?Oh,no,whatalongcheckoutline!Dowehavetostandinthatline?

W:Yes,wedo,butdon'tworry.Thecashiercandealwitheachcustomerveryquickly.Buttoday,sincewecamein

yourMiniCooper,I'mafraidbothofusandthegroceriescan'tfitinyourcar.Couldwepleasetakethetaxiback

instead?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13.Whatdidthewomanwatch?

A.Asoapopera.B.Adocumentary.C.Anewsprogram.

14.Whatwasthenewsmainlyabout?

A.PresidentBarackObama'sschedule.

B.ThereleaseofCO2bypowerplants.

C.Aplantofightagainstglobalwarming.

15.Whatisthespeakers9attitudetowardglobalwarming?

A.Indifferent.B.Positive.C.Negative.

16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Gotohavesupper.B.Gotohaveadrink.C.Keeptalkingathome.

【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedwatchingthedocumentaryaboutclimatechange?

W:Yes.ItwasmyfirsttimetowatchthiskindofprogramandIwasdeeplyattractedtoit.Afterwatchingit,Ireally

becameconcernedaboutglobalwarming.

M:Globalwarmingisreallyabigissue.Sowhatareyoudoingnow?

W:I'mreadingsomenewsaboutglobalwarming.AndIreadsomethinggreat.

M:Whatdidyouread?

W:OnMonday,PresidentBarackObamaannouncedanewplantolimitpollutioncreatedbypowerplants.By2030

powerplantswillrelease32%lesscarbondioxidecomparedwiththeamountin2005.

M:Thafsreallygreat.

W:Yes.Idon'tthinkit'stoolatetocontrolglobalwarmingyet.Ifallnationsworktogether,globalwarmingwon'tbe

aproblemforthenextgeneration.

M:Itotallyagree.Oh,it'salready6:00p.m.Whataboutgoingouttoeatnow?

W:Whynot?I'mkindofhungrynow.Andwecankeeptalkingaboutthistopicwhileeatingout.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.Whopersuadedthespeakertogoonacookerycourse?

A.Hercousin.B.Hersister.C.Hermother.

18.Whichcoursedidthespeakerchoose?

A.Theone-daycourse.B.Thethree-daycourse.C.Theone-weekcourse.

19.Whatsurprisedthespeakerwhenshestartedhercourse?

A.Thecoursewaspopular.

B.Thereweremanyteenagers.

C.Manyteachersweretheretohelp.

20.Whatplacedidthespeakervisit?

A.Arestaurant.B.Amarket.C.Abakery.

【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B

【解析】

【原文】W:IneverthoughtI'dbethetypetogoonacookerycourse!Mymumandmysisteralwaysusedtolaugh

atme,becausethoughIloveeating,Icouldn'tmakeanythingmyself.Thenonedaymycousindecidedshewanted

tohavecookingclasses.Shedidn'twanttodothemonherown,though.Iagreedtogoalong.Youcoulddo

one-day,three-dayorone-weekcourses.Wethoughtaweekshouldbeenoughtogetusstarted,sowechosethat

duringthesummerholidays.Whenwegotthereonthefirstmorning,loadsofpeoplehadalreadyarrived.Iknewit

wasapopularcourse,withlotsofteenagerslikemethere.WhatIhadn'texpectedwasthatthere'dbesomany

teachers-yougotplentyofhelpthatwayandIcertainlyneededit.Welearnthowtobakeacakeinthefirstclass.

Andthatwasareallygoodwaytogetstarted.Anotherthingwedidwasgooutandvisitplaces.Wedidn'tgoto

anyrestaurants.Therewereafewmarketsnearby.Andwevisitedoneofthebestones.Wepassedacoupleof

supermarketsontheway,butwedidn'tgoin.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

TherearealotofmuseumsinLondon.Ofcourse,thereareworld-famousnamesliketheBritishMuseumand

NaturalHistoryMuseum.Butthentherearemanytinyplainpeculiarmuseumsineverycornerofthecity.

18StaffordTerrace

TheKensingtonaddressprovidesachancetoseealate-Victorian,middle-classhomethathassurvivedlargely

unchanged.Thehousewaspassedonfromonegenerationofthefamilytothenextandalmostalltheoriginal

decorationremainsunchanged.Thehouseclosesduringsummerformaintenance.

Openinghours:2pm一5:30pmWed,Sat,Sun

BrunelMuseum

AnexhibitioncelebratestheThamesTunnelasthebirthplaceofthetubesystem,andtheGreatEastern

steamshipasthefirstmodernoceanliner.ThesiteisaScheduledAncientMonumentandInternationalLandmark

SiteabovetheoldesttunnelintheUnderground,whichtellsthestoryofthemenwhoworkedinthedark,dodging

flamesandrawsewageeveryday.

Openinghours:Daily10am—5pm

TheCinemaMuseum

Thiscollectionofartifacts,memorabiliaandequipmenttellingthehistoryofcinemafromthe1890stothe

presentisopenbytour（advancebookingrequired）whilethemuseumraisesfundstosecureitsfuture.Amongthe

displaysarecinemaseatsandsigns,stillsandposters,projectorsandothermachinery.

Openinghours:11am—5pmMon-Fribyappointmentonly

DennisSevers9House

DennisSevers9Houseisatimecapsuleattractioninwhichvisitorsareimmersedinauniqueformoftheatre.The

tourtakesyouthroughthecellar,kitchen,diningroom,smokingroomandupstairstothebedrooms.Itfeelsasthough

theinhabitantshaddesertedtheroomsonlymomentsbefore.TheDennisSeversHousetourisunsuitableforchildren

astoursareconductedinsilence.

Openinghours:Wed,Fri5pm—9pm

21.IfyouareinterestedinthelifeofVictorian,whichmuseumshouldyouchoosetovisit?

A.18StaffordTerrace.B.BrunelMuseum.

C.TheCinemaMuseum.D.DennisSevers9House.

22.WhatareyourequiredtodobeforevisitingTheCinemaMuseum?

A.Learnthehistoryofcinema.B.Bookahead.

C.Raisemoney.D.Collectposters.

23.Whatdothelistedmuseumshaveincommon?

A.Theyareworld-famous.B.TheyareaccessibleonWednesday.

C.Theyfeaturetubesystem.D.Theyaresuitableforchildren.

【答案】21.A22.B23.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了位于伦敦的四个博物馆。

[21题详解】

推理判断题。根据“18StaffordTerracen部分关键句“TheKensingtonaddressprovidesachancetoseea

late-Victorian,middle-classhomethathassurvivedlargelyunchanged."（肯辛顿的住址让我们有机会看到维多利

亚晚期的中产阶级住宅，它基本上没有发生变化。）可知，在18StaffordTerrace我们有机会看到维多利亚晚

期的中产阶级住宅，由此可知，如果你对维多利亚时代的生活感兴趣，你应该选择参观18StaffordTerrace。

故选A项。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据"TheCinemaMuseum”部分关键句“Openinghours:11am-5pmMon-Fribyappointmentonly”

（开放时间：周一至周五上午11点至下午5点（仅限通过预约））可知，只有提前预约才能参观TheCinema

Museum,由此可知，参观TheCinemaMuseum之前，你需要提前预订。故选B项。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据“18StaffordTerrace”部分关键句“Openinghours:2Pm-5:30pmWed,Sat,Sun”（开放时

间：星期三、星期六、星期日下午2:00-5:30）可知，18StaffordTerrace的开放时间中包含星期三；根据“Brunel

Museum”部分关键句aOpeninghours:Daily10am-5pm”（开放时间：每天上午10点至下午5点）可知，

BrunelMuseum的开放时间中也包含星期三；根据"TheCinemaMuseum”部分关键句“Openinghours:11am-5

pmMon.Fribyappointmentonly"（开放时间：周一至周五上午11点至下午5点（仅限通过预约））可知，

TheCinemaMuseum的开放时间中也包含星期三；根据“DennisSevers'House”部分关键句Openinghours:

Wed,Fri5Pm・9pm”（开放时间：星期三、星期五下午5:00-9:00）可知，DennisSevers'House的开放时间中

也包含星期三，综上所述，文中列出的博物馆的共同点是它们都可以在星期三进入参观。故选B项。

B

OnSeptember18,2020,peoplegatheredonthestepsoftheUSSupremeCourtinWashington,DC,singing

songslikeAmazingGrace.Someplacedtwinklingcandlesonthesteps.Othersleftflowersandmessages.Theywere

theretomourn（哀悼）thedeathofRuthBaderGinsburg,whopassedawayattheageof87.

Ginsburgwasthesecond-everfemalejustice（法官）ontheUSSupremeCourt,themostpowerfulcourtinthe

UnitedStates.Sheservedinthatpositionfrom1993untilherdeath.Duringherlongcareer,JusticeGinsburgfought

forwomen'sequalityandhumanrightsforeveryone.

Becauseshewasawoman,shehadmanybaniersplacedinherpathbypeoplewho,atthetime,feltthatwomen

shouldnothavethesamerightsasmen.WhensheattendedHarvardLawSchoolin1956,shewasonlyoneofnine

womeninherclass.Therestoftheclass-541students-weremen.Itwasn'tthatotherwomenweren'tsmartor

talentedenoughtogetin,butbecausetherewasatendencyagainstwomenattendingschoolslikeHarvardLaw,so

manywereturnedawaywhilesimilarlyqualifiedmenwereaccepted.Ginsburgalsofaceddiscrimination（歧

视）becauseshewasJewish.

Ginsburgknewthatmenandwomenareequal.Asalawyerandlaterasajudge,shedevotedherlifetofighting

forthatprinciple.

OneofhermostfamousrulingsasaSupremeCourtjusticeinvolvedtheVirginiaMilitaryInstitute（VMI）,which,

in1996,onlyallowedmalestoattend.Ginsburgwrotearulingthatpersuadedtheotherjusticesthatnotallowing

womenintotheinstitutewasagainstthe14thAmendment（修正案）,whichexplainsthatallpeopleinUShaveequal

rights.Today,about10%ofthestudentsatVMIarefemale.

Ginsburgwassoinspirationalthatpeoplewrotebooks,moviesandsongsabouther.Childrenwentoutfor

Halloweendressedasher,wearingtheblackjusticerobesandwhitecollarsandotherneckpiecessheoftenwore.

24.WhattroubledidGinsburghaveinattendingHarvardLawSchool?

A.Competitionwithqualifiedmen.B.Discriminationagainstfemales.

C.Worryaboutherfuturecareer.D.Lackoftalent.

25.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGinsburg?

A.Influentialandstrong-willed.B.Qualifiedandcreative.

C.Generousanddevoted.D.Ambitiousanddemanding.

26.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.TheUSSupremeCourtneverhadfemalejusticesbeforeGinsburg.

B.ThepercentageoffemalesatVMIishigherthanthatofmales.

C.GinsburgwastheonlyJewishfemaleintheuniversity.

D.PeoplehonoredGinsburginvariousways.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.PursuitofEquality

B.FightingDiscriminationBeyondAilPrice

C.AnAmericanHeroFightingforGenderEquality

D.AnInspirationalJusticeFightingAgainstHerFate

【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是美国最高法院有史以来第二位女性大法官Ginsburg的成就及她对

人们的影响。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的“Itwasn'tthatotherwomenweren'tsmartortalentedenoughtogetin,butbecause

therewasatendencyagainstwomenattendingschoolslikeHarvardLaw,somanywereturnedawaywhilesimilarly

qualifiedmenwereaccepted.（这并不是说其他女性不够聪明或才华不足，而是因为当时有一种反对女性进入

哈佛法学院这样的学校的趋势，所以很多人被拒之门外，而同样合格的男性却被录取了）”可知，Ginsburg

在进入哈佛法学院时遇到的困难是当时对女性的歧视。故选B。

[25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段的"Duringherlongcareer,JusticeGinsburgfoughtforwomen'sequalityandhumanrights

foreveryone.（在她漫长的职业生涯中，金斯伯格大法官为妇女平等和每个人的人权而奋斗。）”和第四段的

“Asalawyerandlaterasajudge,shedevotedherlifetofightingforthatprinciple.（作为一名律师，后来成为一

名法官，她将自己的一生都奉献给了为这一原则而奋斗的事业。）”可知，她是意志坚强的，即strong-willed；

根据最后一段的"Ginsburgwassoinspirationalthatpeoplewrotebooks,moviesandsongsabouther.Childrenwent

outforHalloweendressedasher,wearingtheblackjusticerobesandwhitecollarsandotherneckpiecessheoften

wore.（金斯伯格是如此鼓舞人心，以至于人们写了关于她的书、电影和歌曲。孩子们打扮成她的样子出去过

万圣节，穿着她经常穿的黑色法官袍、白色衣领和其他衣领）”可知，她是有影响力的人，即influential,故

选Ao

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段的“OnSeptember18,2020,peoplegatheredonthestepsoftheUSSupremeCourtin

Washington,DC,singingsongslikeAmazingGrace.Someplacedtwinklingcandlesonthesteps.Othersleftflowers

andmessages.（2020年9月18日，人们聚集在美国华盛顿特区最高法院前的台阶上，高唱《AmazingGrace》

等歌曲。有些人在台阶上放了闪烁的蜡烛。其他人留下了鲜花和留言）”可知，人们以各种方式纪念Ginsburg。

故选D。

【27题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Ginsburgwasthesecond-everfemalejusticeontheUSSupremeCourt,

themostpowerfulcourtintheUnitedStates.Sheservedinthatpositionfrom1993untilherdeath.Duringherlong

career,JusticeGinsburgfoughtforwomen'sequalityandhumanrightsforeveryone.（金斯伯格是美国最高法院有

史以来第二位女性大法官，最高法院是美国最有权力的法院。她从1993年起担任该职位直到去世。在她漫

长的职业生涯中，金斯伯格大法官为妇女平等和每个人的人权而奋斗）”可知，本文主要讲的是美国最高法

院有史以来第二位女性大法官Ginsburg的成就及她对人们的影响，因此最好的题目是C选项“AnAmerican

HeroFightingforGenderEquality（为性别平等而战的美国英雄）”，故选C。

C

Parentingtechniquesmayhavelonglastingconsequencesforbehavior_evenwhenitcomestodogs.

ResearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniastudiedtheearlydevelopment,parentingandthefollowing

performanceof98puppieswhounderwentguidedogtraining.Dogswhoreceivedmoreindependenceandless

supportfromtheirmothersweremorelikelytobesuccessfulinbecomingaguidedog.Thestudywaspublished

MondayinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

Mom-pupinteractionswereusedtodefinehowhighlyinvolvedthepuppy'smotherswere.Puppiesraisedwith

highlyinvolvedmothersweremorelikelytobereleased-ordroppedoutfromtheguidedogprogram-comparedto

thosewithlessattentivemothers.

“Toomuchofagoodthingcanbeabadthing,“saidleadstudyresearcherEmilyBray.Althoughthestudy

couldn'tdefinitelypointtowhatwasdrivingthiseffect,“onepossibilityisthatthedogsthatarehaving

overbearing（专横的）mothersarenevergiventhechancetodealwithsmallchallengesontheirown,andisharmful

totheirlaterbehaviorandoutcomeintheirproblemsolving.Anotherpossibilityisthatthepuppiesforwhomthe

mothersarealwaysaroundarealsothemostanxiousorstressed,sheexplained.

“WhatIwashappyaboutwasthatthereisastudybeingdoneaboutearlylifeexperiencesindogs,“another

researcherDoloresHolesaid.uIfthemomistryingtoprotectherpupsagainstsmallchallenges,thentheywillnotbe

suitedfbrthebigchaHenges.”

Thestudyincludedthreebreeds（品种）:Germanshepherds,LabradorretrieversandGoldenretrievers.The

puppieswerefollowedfromthefirstweeksoflifeforseveralyears.Interestingly,Labradorretrieverstendedtowash

outfromtheprogram,whileGoldenretrieverstendedtosucceed.

Asforwhetherthefindingscanbeappliedtohumanbabiesofso-called''helicopterparents,Braywashesitant.

“Ithinkpeoplecandrawparallels（相似之处）,butIthinkyoualsohavetobecarefulbecausetheyaredifferent

species,“shesaid.

Sheadded,uThenicethingaboutdogsisthattheyarealotlesscomplicatedthanhumans.^^

28.Whatmakessuccessfulguidedogsaccordingtothestudy?

A.Lessattentiveowners.B.Morepracticaltraining.

C.Lesssupportivemothers.D.Moretenseenvironment.

29.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Thenecessityofmom-pupinteractions.

B.Somecharacteristicsofgoodguidedogs.

C.Thesignificanceofhighparentalinvolvement.

D.Potentialcausesofsomepuppies'poorperformance.

30.WhatcanweknowaboutLabradorretrieversinthestudy?

A.Theychoosetostay.B.Theyfailtobequalified.

C.Theyrisetochallenges.D.Theyareeasytonotice.

31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Parentingtechniquescanapplytoguidedogs

B.Guidedogsarelesscomplicatedthanhumans

C.Researchershelpraisepublicawarenessofblindpeople

D.Astudyisdoneaboutearlylifeexperiencesofhumanbabies

【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向读者分析了犬类早期家庭教育对于其后天能力形成及个体发展的影响。

通过实验结果进行阐述，并探讨了这一结论是否能被应用于人类身上这一点。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dogswhoreceivedmoreindependenceandlesssupportfromtheirmothersweremore

likelytobesuccessfulinbecomingaguidedog.（从母亲那里获得更多独立性和较少支持狗更有可能成功成为

导盲犬。）”可知，来自母亲的支持更少的狗狗更可能成为一条成功的导盲犬。故选C。

【29题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段中“onepossibilityisthatthedogsthatarehavingoverbearing（专横的）mothersarenever

giventhechancetodealwithsmallchallengesontheirown,andisharmfultotheirlaterbehaviorandoutcomein

theirproblemsolving.Anotherpossibilityisthatthepuppiesforwhomthemothersarealwaysaroundarealsothe

mostanxiousorstressed.（一种可能是，那些有专横的母亲的狗从来没有机会自己处理小挑战，这对它们以后

的行为和解决问题的结果是有害的。另一种可能是，总是有妈妈在身边的小狗也是最焦虑或压力最大的。）”

可知，本段主要说明了有一些狗狗不能成为导盲犬的原因，即第四段主要分析了使得狗宝宝表现不佳的原

因。故选D。

【30题详解】

细节理解题。根据第六段中“Thestudyincludedthreebreeds（品种）：Germanshepherds,Labradorretrieversand

Goldenretrievers.Thepuppieswerefollowedfromthefirstweeksoflifeforseveralyears.Interestingly,Labrador

retrieverstendedtowashoutfromtheprogram,whileGoldenretrieverstendedtosucceed.（该研究的研究对象包括

三个品种：德牧、拉布拉多和金毛。这些幼犬从出生后几周就被跟踪观察了数年。有趣的是，拉布拉多猎

犬往往会被淘汰，而金毛往往会成功。）”可知，拉布拉多猎犬往往会被淘汰，而金毛往往会成功。故选B。

[31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据本文通过实验举例分析了父母早期教育对于犬类日后成长发展的影响，并探讨了不同教

育对于犬类的不同影响。A选项uParentingtechniquescanapplytoguidedogs.（育儿技巧也适用于导盲犬）”

最能概括文章内容。故选A。

D

Whycan'twestoplongingforthegoodolddays

Peopleinmanycountriesarelongingforthegoodolddays.Butwhenexactlywerethegoodolddays?Podcaster

JasonFeiferdevotedanepisodeofhisprogramtothisquestion.Themostpopularanswerseemedtobethe1950s,so

Mr.FeiferaskedhistorianswhetherAmericansinthatdecadethoughtitwasparticularlypleasant.Definitelynot.In

the1950s,Americansociologistsworriedthatrampantindividualismwastearingthefamilyapart.Therewere

seriousracialandclasstensions,andeveryonelivedunderthenuclearthreat.

Infact,manyinthe1950sthoughtthatthegoodolddaysweretobefoundagenerationearlier,inthe1920s.But

inthe1920s,childpsychologistJohnWatsonwarnedthatbecauseofincreasingdivorceraces,theAmericanfamily

wouldsoonceasetoexist.ManypeopleatthetimeidealizedtheVictorinnera,whenfamiliesarestrongandchildren

respectedtheirelders.

Whyarehumanbeingsalwayssonostalgiaforpasterasthatseemeddifficultanddangeroustothosewholived

throughthem?Onepossibilityisthatweknowwesurvivedpastdangers,sotheyseemsmallernow.Butwecannever

becertainwewillsolvetheproblemswearefacingtoday.Radiodidn'truintheyoungergeneration,butmaybethe

smartphonewill.

Anotherreasonisthathistoricalnostalgiaisoftencoloredbypersonalnostalgia.Whenwerethegoodolddays?

Wasit,bychance,theincrediblyshortperiodwhenyouhappenedtobeyoung?AU.S.Pollfoundthatpeoplebornin

the1930sand1940sthoughtthe1950swasAmerica'sbestdecade,whilethoseborninthe1960sand1970spreferred

the1980s.

Thiskindofnostalgiahasneurologicalroots.Researchershavefoundthatweencodemorememoriesduring

adolescenceandearlyadulthoodthananyotherperiodofourlives,andwhenwethinkaboutthepast,thisisthe

periodwemostoftenreturnto.Moreover,aswegrowmoredistantfrompastevents,wetendtorememberthemmore

positively.

Obviously,somethingsreadilywerebetterinthepast.Butourinstinctivenostalgiaforthegoodolddayscan

easilydeceiveus,withdangerousconsequences.Longingforthepastandfearofthefutureinhibittheexperiments

andinnovationsthatdriveprogress.

Vaccination,steamengines,railroadsandelectricityallmetwithstrongresistancewhentheywerefirst

introduced.Thepointisn'ttoshowhowsillypreviousgenerationswere.Thesamekindsofanxietieshavebeen

expressedinourowntimeaboutinnovationsliketheinternet,videogamesandstem-cellresearch.

Andnotallfearsaboutthefutureareunbounded.Newtechnologiesdoresultinaccidents,theydisturb

traditionalculturesandhabits,andtheydestroyoldjobswhilecreatingnewones.Buttheonlywaytolearnhowto

makethebestuseofnewtechnologiesandreducerisksisbytrialanderror.Thefuturewon'tbeperfect,butneither

werethegoodolddays.

32.Theword"rampant"inparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto

A.limitedB.reasonableC.uncontrolledD.traditional

33.Accordingtothepassage,the1950swasaperiodoftime.

A.whenAmericanfamiliesstillremainedstrongandchildrenrespectedtheirelders

B.thatwasbelievedbyAmericansborninthe1930sandthe1940stobethebestdecade

C.thatsawasharpincreaseinindividualismanddivorcerateinAmericansociety

D.whenradicalandclasstensionsbecamemoreseriousbutpeoplenolongerlivedunderthenuclearthreat

34.Thegoodolddayswereusuallythetimewhenpeoplewereyoungbecause

①peoplehaveabettermemoryofadolescenceandearlyadulthood.

②Moredangerousthingshappenduringtheiryouthandtheylearnedhowtosurvivethem.

(3)Thedangersinyouthweresmallerandeasierforpeopletodealwith.

④peopleremembereventsintheiryouthmorepositivelyastimegoesby.

A.①②B.①③C.①④D.②④

35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastthreeparagraphs?

A.ThecurrentgenerationisnotassillyAsthepreviousgenerations.

B.Itisunwisetobesimplyopposedtoanynewinventionsandtechnologies.

C.Peopleareconstantlydeceivedbytheirinstinctivenostalgiaforthegood