2025届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习Unit5HumansandNature学生用书北师大版必修第二册

UNIT5HUMANSANDNATURE【基础回顾】►核心词汇——写其形1．____________n.评论；看法2．____________n.灾难；灾祸3．____________n.讲座，讲课；演讲4．____________n.损害，损伤，损害5．____________vt.估量，衡量；测量6．____________vt.使震惊；使难以置信7．____________n.&vt.努力，尝试，企图8．____________vt.打断讲话9．____________n.&vt.营救；救援10．____________vi.&vt.逃离；躲避►阅读词汇——知其意1．droughtn.________________2．hurricanen.________________3．landsliden.________________4．whirlpooln.________________5．kangaroon.________________6．filen.________________7．whalen.________________8．dolphinn.________________9．sharkn.________________10．weedn.________________11．deern.________________►拓展词汇——通其变1．anxietyn．着急，焦虑→________adj.焦虑的；担心的→________adv.焦虑地；担心地2．conductvt.实施；进行；执行；vi.&vt.指挥→________n．指挥者；售票员3．lossn．丢失；死亡→________v．丢失；丢掉4．curiousadj.新奇的→________n．新奇，新奇心5．harmn.&vt.损害，损害→________adj.有害的→________adj.无害的6．survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存→________n．幸存，活下来→________n．生还者，生还者7．ambitionn．志向，雄心；追求，夙愿→________adj.有志向的，有野心的，有志向的8．equaladj.相等的；相同的→________adv.相等地；同样地；同等地→________n．同等9．processn．过程，进程→________n．(行列的)行进；(人或车辆等的)行列10．frightn．惊吓，恐怖→________vt.使胆怯 ，使惊恐→________adj.受惊的，胆怯 的►高频短语——记得牢1．________________对……束之高阁，对……撒手不管2．________________在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)3．________________吸气4．________________用完；耗尽►典型句式——懂其用1．how引导的宾语从句Youcan'timagine________________alifethatIlivedthen.你想象不到那时我过着多么困难的生活。2．the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……，就越……__________wegettogether,__________wewillbe.我们相聚得越多，我们就越欢乐。3．makesb.dosth.让某人做某事Wars________thepeacegoaway.斗争使和平远离。Weweremade________________agoodjobinkeyconstructionprojects.要求我们搞好重点项目建设。4．Sb./Sth.bethefirsttodosth.某人/某物第一个做某事。Heisthefirst____________themathsproblem.他是第一个算出这道数学题的人。【核心考点】►第一版块|重点单词1．floodn．洪水，水灾；大批，大量v．沉没；(使)泛滥；(洪水般地)涌进/出；挤满，拥满；使大受感动，充溢(1)afloodof大量的……afloodofcomplaints大量投诉beinflood(河水)上涨，泛滥floodwater洪水infloodsoftears泪如雨下flood...with...把……大量送至……；使……充溢……(2)befloodedwith挤满，拥满；大量收到……floodin/into大量涌入floodback(感觉或回忆)涌上心头，涌现floodsb.out(洪水)迫使某人离开家园floodsb.withquestions用大量的问题问某人◎单句语法填空①Theroomwasatonceflooded________light.②Shedrewthecurtainsandthesunlightflooded________．③________(flood)havebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.④Wecan'tcrossthemeadowtherebecausetheriveris________flood.⑤Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivitytoreplace________(flood)roadsandhighways.⑥Butwhenhefinallyreachedher,thewomanfloodedhim________questions.2mentn．评论；看法v．评论；注释makecommentson/about对……作出评论makenocommenton/about对……不做评论withoutcomment不予评论nocomment无可奉告cause/attract/drawcomment引来/招来评论askforcomments征求看法offercomments提看法commenton/upon评论，对……提看法commentthat...评论说/称……◎单句语法填空①Sherefusedtomakeacomment________theincident.②Thistime,however,Ijustcouldn'tletanissuegoby________comment.③Wouldyoucaretocomment________anytroublesomestudentsinyourclass?④Make________(comment)onlyonthesubjectsyouknowwell.3．crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满人的crowdvi.&vt.挤满；塞满；聚集；拥挤n．人群；观众becrowdedwith挤满；拥挤crowdin挤进crowdin(on/uponsb.)(往事)涌现于(某人的)脑海crowdsb./sth.into/ontosth.＝crowdsb./sth.in把……装满……crowdinto/ontosth.大批涌入(狭小的空间)acrowdof一群incrowds成群地followthecrowd跟大家一样；随大溜◎单句语法填空①Thegirlstudentscameheretobuyflowers________crowds.②Theroadsare________(crowd)withvehiclesofallkinds.③Manypastmemoriescrowdedin________him.④It'simpossible________(crowd)anymorefootballsupportersin.⑤Thestreetwascrowded________carsandpeople.⑥Iwasverysurprisedwhenallofmyfriendscrowded________myroomtosayhappybirthdaytome.4.lecturen．讲座，讲课；演讲v．训斥；讲课；教育lecturern．演讲者；讲师givealecture 作演讲，作讲座goto/attendalecture 出席讲座listentoalecture 听讲座alectureon/about... 关于……的讲座aseriesoflectures 一系列讲座alecturehall/room 演讲厅/室lecturein/on(sth.) 就(某题目)作报告，办讲座lecturesb.forsth. 因……教训某人[误区警示]表示“作演讲”时，动词不能用make，而用deliver或give。Hedelivered/gavealecturetothestudents.(√)Hemadealecturetothestudents.(×)Hemadeaspeechtothestudents.(√)◎单句语法填空①Shedoesn'ttalktome.She________(lecture)me.②Twostudentswaitedbehindtoputmorequestionstothe________(lecture).③Helectured________Russianliteraturetohisstudents.④Elderchildrendon'tlike________(lecture).5．escapevi.&vt.逃离；躲避n．逃跑；躲避；泄露(1)escapeto逃至……escapefromreality躲避现实escapefromone'smind/memory某事被某人遗忘escapedoing/beingdone躲避做……narrowlyescape九死一生escape/avoidresponsibility躲避/回避责任anarrow/luckyescape死里逃命；幸运逃脱(2)表示“逃跑”的词汇：fleefrom从……逃离；避开fleeto逃到……runawayfrom从……逃跑getawayfrom从……离开[误区警示]escape作“被……遗忘，没有被……留意到”解时，用sth.escape(s)sb.结构。Heraddressescapedme.我把她的地址忘了。◎单句语法填空①Ifoundnomethodofescape________painandsuffering.②Theyarereportedtohaveescaped________theothersideoftheborder.③Henarrowlyescaped________(hurt)intheaccident.④Theexplosionwascausedby________escapeofgas.⑤Thereisnowaytoescape________(do)thework.⑥Hehad________narrowescapewhenhiscarskiddedontheice.6．survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长survivaln．生存；幸存；残存物；遗风survivorn．生还者，生还者(1)survivethedisaster幸免于难survivetheattack在攻击中幸免于难survivetheearthquake在地震中幸免于难peoplewhosurvivecancer癌症生还者survivethiscrisis渡过这个危机survivethedifficulties渡过难关(2)surviveon靠……活下来；靠……生存(＝liveon)survivefrom...从……沿袭/保存下来survivesb.by...year(s)比某人多活……年(3)构词法：survivev．(去e)＋-al→survivaln．如：arrive→arrival propose→proposalrefuse→refusal remove→removalapprove→approvalAfterhesurvivedtheearthquake,theoldmanbecameoneofthefewsurvivorsofthefamilyandhissurvivalmadehisoldfriendsveryhappy.这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，成了这个家庭中少数的生还者之一，他的幸存使他的老挚友们很欣慰。◎单句语法填空①Itisoneofthegreatestbookstosurvive________theancientworld.②About1.3billionpeoplecurrentlyhavetosurvive________lessthan$1aday.③Mr.Tanner________(survive)byhiswifeandtwochildren.④Therewasonlyone________(survive)fromtheplanecrash.⑤Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking；________(survive)isnevercertain.7．curiousadj.新奇的；奇妙的curiouslyadv.新奇地curiosityn．新奇心becuriousabout... 对……新奇becurioustodosth. 很想做某事Itis/wascuriousthat... 惊奇的是……withcuriosity 新奇地outofcuriosity 出于新奇◎单句语法填空①Don'tbetoocurious________thingsyouarenotsupposedtoknow.②Thesalesgirlintheshoplookedatthem________(curious).③Itwascurious________shedidn'ttellanyone.④Sheopenedhereyesandlookedupatme________curiosityandhopefulness.⑤Iwascurious________(find)outwhatshehadsaid.⑥Wewenttotheshowoutof________(curious)morethananythingelse.8．equaladj.相等的；相同的vt.比得上；等于n．同辈；同等；同等的人或事务equallyadv.同等地；同等(重要)地equalityn．同等；相等(1)equalopportunities/rights同等的机会/权利anequalnumber/amountof相等数量的……beequalinsize/length大小/长度相等beequalto...与……相等；能胜任/应付……onequalterms(withsb.)(与某人)地位同等(2)equalaworldrecord与世界纪录打平(3)bewithoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比，无敌[误区警示]beequalto作“胜任”讲时，其后的to是介词，后接名词或动名词，而不是动词不定式符号。另外介词to也不能错用为as。◎单句语法填空①Billisquiteequal________runningtheoffice.②Allthesetechniquesare________(equal)effective.③Allmenarenotequal________ability.④Heisabasketballplayer________equalintheteam.⑤Onehorseisnotequalto________(pull)theheavycart.9．trapvt.困住；使陷于危急中n．圈套；陷阱；逆境(1)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(lay/setatrap（forsb.）（给某人）设下圈套,fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套))(2)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trapsb./sth.in...使某人/某物困于……,trapsb.intosth./v.­ing诱骗某人实行某种行动,trapanimals捕猎动物,trapcriminals诱捕罪犯))(3)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(becaughtupin陷入；卷入,betrappedin...陷入；被困于……中))Theyweretrappedintheburninghotel.他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。◎单句语法填空①Thirtyminersarestilltrapped________theminefollowingyesterday'sexplosion.②Thehunterset________traptocatchthefox.③Thethief________(trap)bythepoliceinanoldhouse.④It'seasytofall________atrap,buthardtogetoutagain.10.attemptn.&vt.努力，尝试，企图attemptedadj.未遂的attempttodosth.(＝trytodosth.)＝makeanattempttodosth./atdoingsth.企图/试图做某事atone'sfirstattempt在某人第一次尝试时inanattempttodosth.试图做某事afutileattempt徒劳的尝试attemptarescue设法实行营救attemptedcrime犯罪未遂[词语辨析]attempt与tryattempt较正式用词，侧重已经起先，且希望完成，但常隐含着不肯定有预期的结果。try一般用词，可与attempt换用，但强调努力或尝试，后跟不定式表示努力或争取，跟动名词表示尝试。◎单句语法填空①Hestudiedhard________anattempttopasstheexam.②Shepassedherdrivingtest________thefirstattempt.③[2024·江苏卷]WhenWilsonreturnedhomefromhospitaltwomonthslater,hisparentsattempted________(find)awaytodealwiththecatastrophethathadhappenedtotheirlives.④Sometimeafter10，000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempt________(control)theworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.⑤[2024·天津二考]Thiseffortisnotjustanattempt________beingcommunityminded—it'salsoacrimecuttingmeasure.11．damagen．损害，损伤，损害，损失；损害赔偿金(pl.)v．损害；毁坏damagedadj.被损坏的，受损伤的(1)do/causedamageto损坏；破坏damageone'shealth损害某人的健康(2)becompletelydestroyedbyfire被大火彻底烧毁destroytheenvironment毁坏环境destroyone'sconfidence/hope/faith摧毁某人的信念/希望/信仰inruins成为废墟[词语辨析]damage,destroy与ruindamage部分性“破坏”“损坏”，一般还可修复。destroy彻底地“破坏”“毁坏”，一般不能或很难修复。ruin严峻地“毁坏”，侧重于破坏事物的内在价值。◎单句语法填空①Theflooddidalotofdamage________thecrops.②Withoutoxygen,thebrain________(damage)quickly.③Herheartwasslightly________(damage)asaresultofherlongillness.◎辨析填空：damage,destroy,ruin④Anatombombwould________acity.⑤Thepoliticsofthecompanywill________theirimage.⑥Manyhouseswere________bytheearthquake.12．measurevt.估量，衡量；测量n．措施；方法；度量单位；尺度；程度linkingv．(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为measurementn．测量；尺寸；数量measureone'sheight 测量某人的身高make...toone'smeasure 为某人量身定做……takeone'smeasure 给某人量尺寸takemeasurestodosth. 实行措施做某事beyondmeasure 特别；极其；不行估量[误区警示]当measure意为“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时是连系动词，不能用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。Thefishmeasuresmorethatonemeter.这条鱼长一米多。◎单句语法填空①Doyoumakesuits________yourmeasure?②Thegoodtheyhavedoneformeis______measure.③Weshouldtakeappropriatemeasures________(improve)ourteaching.④Theysuggested________(measure)toovercomecurrentdifficulties.⑤Theoverall________(measure)ofthisroomis80squaremetres.⑥He________(measure)MrsBrownfromtoptocessn．过程，进程v．加工；处理；列队前进processedadj.加工过的goovereq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(everyprocess检查每道工序,alltheprocesses检查全部工序))intheprocess与此同时，在此过程中beintheprocessof(doing)sth.在(做)某事的过程中，在进行……中processtheagriculturalproducts/tealeaves加工农产品/茶叶processthedata处理数据processinto列队走进processedfood加工过的食品[误区警示]process用作及物动词时，常接名词、代词作宾语，可用于被动结构；用作不及物动词时，常与介词into连用。◎单句语法填空①Theadministrationisin________processofdrawingupapeaceplan.②Thestudentsprocessed________thediningroom.③Grocerystoressellmanyfoodsthat________(process).④[2024·全国Ⅱ卷]However,ifothersbenefit________theprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?⑤Theyarerequired________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.14．interruptv．打断讲话；打搅；遮挡interruptionn．打断；打搅interruptsb.打断某人(的讲话)interruptsb.withsth.用某事打断某人sorrytointerrupt...对不起打搅……sorryforinterrupting对不起打搅一下beinterruptedby...受到……打搅[词语辨析]interrupt，disturb两词都有“扰”的意思。interrupt既含“扰”又有“断”之意，侧重“断”之意。disturb打搅，捣乱，使心神不宁，但没有“断”之意。◎单句语法填空①Hewasangryatbeinginterrupted________suchsillyquestionsinhisspeech.②Theirconversation________(interrupt)byaphonecallfromNina.③Sorry________(interrupt),butthere'ssomeonetoseeyou.④Thefunctionsofourgovernmentcontinuewithout________(interrupt).15．conductvt.实施；进行；执行；带领；引导；传导vi.&vt.指挥n．行为；举止conductorn．指挥；职业指挥；售票员；导体conductanexperiment 进行试验conductoneself 表现；举止conductanorchestra 指挥管弦乐队conductactivities 开展活动conductsb.around 带领某人参观……conductsb.into 领某人进入……conductsb.through 领某人穿过……conductsb.totheteacher 带某人去见老师◎单句语法填空①Thewayheconducts________(he)reflectsthefamily.②Afiredrillwill________(conduct)inyourresidencehalleverysemester.③Itishisdutytoconductthevisitors________thewholepark.④Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy________(conduct)inAustraliain2012.16.protectionn．爱护；防护protectv．爱护；防护protectiveadj.爱护的；防护的；出于爱惜protectorn．爱护人；爱护装置undertheprotectionof...在……的爱护下theprotectionof...……的爱护protectsb./sth.from/against...爱护某人/某物免受……的损害◎单句语法填空①Iregardedhimasmyfriendand________(protect).②Littlechildrenlive________theprotectionoftheirparents.③Livingawayfromthe________(protect)ofparents,Iamgrowingupinarapidspeed.④She'stoo________(protect)towardsherchildren;sheshouldletthembemoreindependent.⑤________protectionofintellectualpropertyrightshasbeenahottopicinthepastfewyears.⑥Theyfeltstronglythattheirproductsshouldbeprotected________competitionfromforeignimports.17.nearbyadv.旁边地adj.旁边的livenearby 住在旁边playnearby 在旁边玩[误区警示]nearby用作形容词的意思是“旁边的，不远的”，指位置较近或就在旁边，在句中一般用作定语，可放在被修饰的名词之前或之后。Thehospitalnearbyisabigone.旁边的这家医院很大。Hermotherlivedinanearbytown.她母亲住在旁边的一个小镇上。◎完成句子①Heworksin____________________________(旁边的警察局).②Heusuallytrades________________________(在旁边的超市).③Smalllocalshopsstopbeingeconomicwhenasupermarket_____________________(在旁边开设).18．ambitionn．志向，雄心；追求，夙愿ambitiousadj.有雄心的；有野心的alackofambition缺乏志向befullofambition充溢野心realize/achieve/fulfillone'sambition实现某人的志向haveanambitiontodosth./ofdoingsth.有做某事的愿望One'sambitionistobe/do...某人的志向是(做)……political/literary/sportingambitions政治志向/文学夙愿/运动目标beambitiousfor渴望beambitioustodosth.渴望做某事Robertisaveryambitiousmanandoneofhisambitionsistobecomeagreatscientistinthefuture.罗伯特是一位特别有雄心的人，他的目标之一是将来成为一名宏大的科学家。◎单句语法填空①Annhasanambition________(be)aprofessor.②Youwillnotbeabletoachieveyour________(ambitious)ifyoudonotworkhard.③[2024·天津二考]Galileowasnotmerely________(ambition)whenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.19.cheerfuladj.兴奋的，兴致勃勃的cheern．欢呼声；喝彩声v．欢呼；(为……)喝彩；(使)激昂cheerfulnessn．兴奋acheerfulface笑脸acheerfulcolour亮丽的颜色wordsofcheer激励的话cheerfor为……喝彩/叫好；为……鼓劲儿/加油cheer(sb.)up使(某人)振作起来；使(某人)兴奋起来cheeron为……打气；为……加油◎单句语法填空①Ourfriendshavealookof________(cheerful).②Theaudiencegave________greatcheerwhenhescored.③Thisrestauranthasa________(cheer)atmosphere.④Let'sgotothefootballgameandcheer________ourfavouriteteam.⑤Wedidourbesttocheerhim________whenhewasabouttogiveup.20．provevt.证明；证明proofn．证据；证明provesth.tosb.向某人证明……provesb./sth.＋adj./n.证明某人/某物是……proveoneselftobe证明自己是……provethat/wh-从句证明……itisprovedthat...……被证明[误区警示]prove为连系动词时，不用于被动语态中，其后接名词或形容词作表语。Themethodproveduseful.这种方法证明有用。◎单句语法填空①Thebloodonhisshoeswasa________(prove)ofhisguilt.②Shemaybeproved________(be)themostsuitablepersonforthejob.③It________(prove)thatthemanstolesomemoneyfromtheshop.④Heproved________(he)aworthysuccessortotheformerPrimeMinister.⑤Youwillhavetoprove________thepolicethatyouwereathomethatnight.⑥Theirexperiencesprove________lifeisfullofchangesandpossibilities.21．sincerityn．真诚，真挚，诚恳sincereadj.真诚的；真诚的sincerelyadv.真诚地；真心地(1)inallsincerity特别真诚地；诚心地besincerein...在……方面是真诚的(2)表示“真诚地，诚心地”的短语：fromthebottomofone'sheart,fromtheheart。◎单句语法填空①Her________(sincere)hasneverbeenquestioned.②I________(sincere)believethatthisistherightdecision.③Icansay________allsinceritythatIknewnothingoftheseplans.④Sheisnevercompletelysincere________whatshesaysaboutpeople.⑤Iwasimpressedbyher________(sincere)sodeeplyatthattimethatIdecidedtomakefriendswithher.►其次版块|重点短语1．runout用完；耗尽runoutof用完，耗尽runoutofsteam失去动力；精疲力竭[词语辨析]runout与runoutofrunout是不及物动词词组，不用于被动语态。runoutof是及物词词组，后跟宾语，可用于被动语态。Hermoneyhasrunoutandsheisalsorunningoutofherpatience.她的钱已经用完了，她的耐性也快耗尽了。◎单句语法填空①Theirluckhadsimplyrun________.Still,neverfear.②Ihaverunout________patiencewithher.◎辨析填空：runout,runoutof③Itlooksasifoilwill________fasterthancoal.④They'll________theirdailynecessities.2.havesb.doingsth.让某人始终做某事Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.他让我们吃饭时始终笑个不停。I'llhaveyouspeakingEnglishinsixmonths.我将使你在六个月后会说英语。[归纳拓展](1)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事，宾语与宾补之间为主动关系。IfanyonehappenstodropinwhileIamout,havehimorherleaveamessage.假如我外出时碰巧有人来探望，让他或她留个口信。(2)havesth.done的两层含义：①使某事被……(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能请别人做)。Wehaveyourmedicinepreparednow.我们现在已经给你打算好药了。Mycomputerbrokedownsuddenly,andIwillhaveitrepaired.我的电脑突然坏了，我要找人修修它。②某人遭受、经验(不好的事)。Hehadhislegbrokenwhileskiing.他滑雪时摔断了腿。◎单句语法填空①CanIhavetheparcel________(weigh)here?②We'dbedelightedtohaveyou________(work)withus.③Hehadme________(do)allkindsofjobsforhim.④Ihaveacomposition________(write),soIcan'tgoskiing.◎完成句子⑤Mother______________________________(让我把信寄了)atonce.⑥He______________________________(手烧伤了)inthatbigfire.⑦We____________________________________(有许多工作要做).⑧Shewon't____________________________(让孩子们迟到).3．breakdown停止运转，出故障，坏掉；(安排、和谈等)失败；(精神、身体)垮掉；分解；消退；把……拆分；不由自主地哭起来Themachinemustbreakdownatthisbusyhour.正忙的时候，机器偏偏又坏了。Johnbrokedownthewashingmachine.约翰拆开了洗衣机。breakaway(from)离开；逃脱；脱离breakin插嘴；打断；闯入breakinto破门而入；突然起先(笑、唱等)breakoff中断；折断breakout(火灾、斗争等)突然爆发breakthrough冲破；突破breakup(使)裂开；(使)裂开；解散；散会；(学校)期终放假◎单句语法填空①Whendoesyourschoolbreak________？②Peterbroke________andwasunabletoworkforayear.③Theyattemptedtobreak________toformanindependentstate.④Theriverbroke________itsbanks,andfloodedthecountryformanymilesaround.⑤Wewerediscussingourplans,buthadtobreak________whenthetelephonerang.◎写出句中breakdown的含义⑥Thewashingmachineseemstohavebrokendownagain.________________⑦ShebadbeenwaitingforSimontobreakdownthebarrierbetweenthem.________________⑧Peterbrokedownandweptwhenhesawthedeerthathehadshot.________________⑨Hisplanbrokedownwhenitwasputintopracticebecausehehadnotgivenenoughattentiontodetails.________________⑩Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.________________4.holdonto紧紧抓住；抓住不放；保留Holdontoyourdreamsandonedaytheymaycometrue.坚持你的幻想，或许有一天它们会实现。Janeisdeterminedtoholdontoherfortune.简决心要守住自己的财产。holdback隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻挡holdon别挂断电话；等会儿；坚持住holdup支撑，举起；延迟，阻碍holdout伸出(手)；维持，坚持holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸◎单句语法填空①Themanageraskedhimtohold________whileheinvestigatedtheaccident.②Ifthere'ssomethingyou'dliketosay,pleasedon'thold________．③MusicwastheonethingIcouldholdon________whenthingsgotcrazy.④Trafficonthebridgewasheld________forseveralhoursbecauseoftheaccident.⑤Seeinghersonagainaftertwoyears'absence,themotherheld________herarmstoembracehim.5．as...assb.can尽可能……地Findoutasmuchasyoucanabouthimandreportbacktome.尽量查找有关他的资料，向我汇报。Estebanhadbeencyclingashardashecouldforhours.埃斯特班已经全力以赴骑了数小时的车。asmuchasyoucan尽最大可能地assoonasyoucan尽可能快地(时间)asfastasyoucan尽可能快地asquickasyoucan尽可能快地ashardasyoucan尽可能努力地[学法点拨]as...asonecan可与as...aspossible进行同义句转换。Thisisallurgentdocument,soyououghttodeliveritassoonasyoucan/assoonaspossible.这是一份紧急文件，因此你应当尽快寄送出去。◎完成句子①Heiskeenonbeingpromoted______________________________(尽快).②Run________________(你尽可能快地)sothatyoucanwinfirstplace.③IhopethatIcanmeetyouagainassoonaspossible.＝IhopethatIcanmeetyouagain____________________________．④你最好尽快为志愿者工作做好打算。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.protectsb.from/against...爱护某人不受……Herealizedthatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来爱护它们免受高温的损害。You'dbetterwearapairofsunglassestoprotectyoureyesfrom/againstbeingharmed.你最好戴一副太阳镜来爱护你的眼睛不受损害。eq\a\vs4\al\co1(阻挡……做某事)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(keep...fromdoingsth.,stop...（from）doingsth.,prevent...（from）doingsth.))[误区警示](1)keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不能省略，因为假如省略，意思会发生改变：keep...doingsth.使……始终做某事。(2)在被动语态中，keep/stop/prevent...fromdoingsth.结构中的from都不能省略。Peoplearekeptfromcommunicatingwithoneanother.人们被阻挡彼此沟通。◎单句语法填空①Wemust________(protect)againstsuddenattacks.②Theysetupawildlifereservetoprotectanimalsfrom________(hunt).③Whatcanwedotopreventtheseanimals________(die)out?④Thisspecialcreamwillprotectyourskin________theburningsun.⑤Wewerekept________goingoutbytheheavyrain.7.bemadeupof由……组成Mydietismadeupofmeat,fish,vegetables,fruit,waterandmilk.我的饮食内容包括肉、鱼、蔬菜、水果、水和牛奶。makeup构成；编写makeupfor补偿makeout分辨出；明白，理解makeit刚好到达；取得胜利makethebestof充分利用makeupone'smind下定决心makegood/fulluseof好好/充分利用◎单句语法填空①Hehadn'tbeenabletomake________toourdinner.②Encouragedbymyparents,Imade________mymindtostudyharder.③IworkedlastSaturday,soIhavetodayoff,tomakeup________it.④Thecourse________(make)upof12two-hoursessions.⑤Ifyoucannothavethebest,makethe________(good)ofwhatyouhave.⑥Lookingthroughthemist,Icouldmake________thefigureofawomanstandingunderthestreetlamp.►第三版块|典型句式1．Itisacommonsayingthat...俗话说……Itisacommonsayingthatwedonotvalueathingtillweloseit.俗话说，失去一样东西，我们才知道珍惜。ItisacommonsayingthattheweatherintheUKischangeable.俗话说，英国的天气改变多端。[归纳拓展]类似的结构：Itisapity/shamethat...缺憾的是……It'snowonderthat...难怪……Itisagreatpitythathelostthematch.真缺憾他输了这场竞赛。Itisnowonderthatyou'retired.You'vebeenwalkingforhours.难怪你会累。你已经走了几个小时了。[基础练习]完成句子①俗话说，身正不怕影子斜。________________________acleanhandwantsnowashing.②很缺憾你昨晚没有参与晚会。________________________youdidn'tattendthepartylastnight.③俗话说，得挚友难，失挚友易。________________________afriendiseasierlostthanfound.④真缺憾，亨利没参与足球队员的选拔赛。________________________Henrydidn'ttryoutforthefootballteam.2．状语从句的省略Ifpossible,Iwishtogotherenextsummer.假如可能，我希望明年夏天去那里。[归纳拓展]某些句式经过长期发展已成为固定结构：ifpossible假如可能的话ifonly要是……就好了ifany假如有的话ifever假如有过的话ifnot不然的话ifnecessary如有必要Whynot?为什么不呢？Whatif...?假如……怎么办？Whatfor?为了什么？when/wherenecessary必要的时候/地方[学法点拨]在时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句中，假如从句主语与主句主语一样或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，构成“连词＋分词/形容词/介词短语/名词”结构。While(Iwas)walkinginthenearbypark,Isawacrowdofpeopledancing.当我在旁边的公园漫步时，我看到一群人在跳舞。If(itis)heated,waterwillturnintowatervapour.水假如被加热，就会变成水蒸气。Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless(theyare)wateredeveryday.假如不每天浇水他挚友送给他的花就会枯萎。Shewentonworkingthough(shewas)tired.她虽然累了，但仍接着工作。[基础练习]单句语法填空①While________(wander),Isawtheboypaintingapandaonthewall.②When________(complete),themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.③Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceif________(leave)inthewronghands.④Theairinthefactoryisseriouslypolluted.If________(breathe)in,itmayresultinillnessorevendeath.[实力提升]完成句子⑤假如有必要我可以早点儿来。Icouldcomeearlier，________________．⑥我没有生气。假如说我有什么反应的话，那就是我感到有点惊异。I'mnotangry.________________，Ifeelalittlesurprised.⑦她几乎不会——即使有也很少——单独去看电影。Sheseldom,________________，goestothemoviesbyherself.⑧我可能明天去看你。假如不是明天，那就是周六。Imightseeyoutomorrow.________________，thenit'llbeSaturday.3.the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)越……，就越……(前者表示条件，后者表示结果)Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryoucanunderstand.你练习得越多，理解得就越透彻。Themorelearntamanis,themoremodestheusuallybecomes.一个人越博学，他通常就越虚心。[归纳拓展]“比较级＋and＋比较级”和“moreandmore＋原级”表示“越来越……”。Whenspringcomes,theweathergetswarmerandwarmer.当春天来临时，天气变得越来越温煦。Learningbecomesmoreandmoredifficultaswegetolder.随着我们年纪变大，学习变得越来越困难。[基础练习]单句语法填空①The________(high)thegroundis,thethinnertheairbecomes.②Theharderyoustudy,________greateryou'llbe.③Theflamesweregrowinghigher________higher.④Astheeveningworeon,shebecamemoreandmore________(nerve).4．bedoing...when正在做……，突然……Theyweremakingaplanabouttheprojectwhenthelightwentout.他们正在制订这个工程的安排，突然灯灭了。Theartistwasworkingonhissculpturewhenhisfriendscametovisithim.这位艺术家正在做他的雕塑，这时他的挚友们来探望他。[归纳拓展]beabouttodosth.when...刚要做某事，突然……had(just)donesth.when...刚做完某事就……beonthepointofdoingsth.when...刚要做某事，突然……Thefamilywereabouttogooutwhenthepostmancame.这家人刚要出去，这时邮递员来了。Wehadjustarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.我们刚到家，这时就起先下雨了。Shewasonthepointofgettingthecarstartedwhenthetelephonerang.她刚要发动汽车，这时电话铃响了。[基础练习]单句语法填空①Hewasmeasuringthelengthofthesofa________hiswifewalkedin.②He________(walk)inthestreetwhenitrainedcatsanddogs.③Tomwassleepingsound________heheardsomeonescreaming.④Theshipwasonthepointofsettingsail________itbegantorain.[实力提升]完成句子⑤They________________________(正在海上看风景，突然)theshipbegantosink.⑥He________________________(刚吃完晚饭刚要出去，这时)oneofhisbestfriendsdroppedin.⑦I________________________(刚要看电视，突然)thepowerwasout.5．asif引导方式状语从句Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.我记得整件事，就似乎发生在昨天一样。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown-up.那个孩子跟我们讲话就像个大人一样。[归纳拓展](1)asif引导方式状语从句时的语气：asif从句可用陈述语气，但更常用的是asif引导的从句用虚拟语气，表示所述的状况与事实不符。asif从句用虚拟语气时，谓语构成如下：与现在事实不符过去式(be用were)与过去事实不符haddone与将来事实不符would/could/might/should＋do(2)look/seem/feel＋asif引导的表语从句asif引导的表语从句依据详细状况用陈述语气或虚拟语气。Theblackcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.乌云正在聚集。看起来似乎要下雨了。(陈述语气)Shelooksasifshegotbacktoherchildhoodagain.她看上去似乎又回到了她的童年时代。(虚拟语气)[基础练习]单句语法填空①LiuMingspeaksEnglishsowellasifhe________(be)anAmerican.②Theylookedasifthey________(notcare).③Heopenedhismouthasif________(say)something.④Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasiftheynever________(exist).⑤Aftertherainthecornshotupasif________magic.⑥Itlooksasifhe________(notsee)foodforaweek.【跟踪演练】Ⅰ.短语汉译英1．火山喷发________________2．对……发表评论________________3．数以百万计的________________4．对……束之高阁，对……撒手不管