初中英语总复习：非谓语动词

第一部分语法精讲精练第十节非谓语动词考点突破动词不定式一般由“不定式符号to＋动词原形”构成，有的不定式不带to。不定式的否定形式是“notto(do)”。如：Heasked_me_to_playchesswithhim.他让我和他一起下棋。(带to)Isaw_a_boy_go_acrosstheroadjustnow.我刚才看见有个男孩过了马路。(不带to)Theteachertold_me_not_tobelateagain.老师告诉我不要再迟到。(否定形式)动词不定式作宾语(★★☆)1.不定式作宾语的情况比较多，但是一般情况下，不定式只作部分动词的宾语。经常接不定式作宾语(即动词＋todosth.结构)的动词有：(2018、2016、2013年考)think(想，认为),begin(开始),care(愿意),ask(要求),hope(希望),learn(学会),expect(期望),want(想要),wish(希望),forget(忘记),like(喜欢),decide(决定),try(尝试),continue(继续),prefer(更喜欢),pretend(假装)等。如：Ihopetosee

thefamousscientist.(tosee作hope的宾语)我希望看见那位著名的科学家。2.不定式也可以用来作某些形容词的宾语。常见的这类形容词有：ready(准备好),anxious(急于),able(能够),sure(一定),glad(高兴),sorry(难过),afraid(害怕),pleased(高兴),willing(愿意)等。如：I'm

gladtomeetyou.(tomeet作glad的宾语)见到你很高兴。3.不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。例如：whentodo(什么时候做)；howtodo(怎样做)；whattodo(做什么)；whytodo(为什么做)；wheretodo(在哪儿做)；whichtodo(做哪一个)等等。如：Idon'tknow_what_to_buyformymother.(whattobuy作know的宾语)我不知道给妈妈买什么。()1.(2018广东)Afterlongyearsofwar,manypeopleinSyriaarehomeless.

Ithinkitimportant________apeacefulworld.A.build

B.notbuildC.tobuild

D.nottobuild母题训练C()2.(2016广东)LeonardoDiCaprio,afamousAmericanactor,wasalwaysexpecting________anOscarandfinallyhemadeit.A.towin

B.winningC.nottowin

D.notwinning母题训练A()3.(2013广东)—Ididn'thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That'sgood.Wetried________anynoise，foryouweresleeping.A.notmake

B.nottomakeC.tomake

D.making母题训练B()4.Ihope________thefarmthissummervacation.*-6A.visit B.tovisit C.visiting

D.visits()5.—Wherewillyougoforyourvacation?—Idecide________Australia.A.goto B.togoto

C.goingto

D.willgoto中考预测BB()6.Alicewishes________intheschoolmusicfestival.Soundsgreat!A.dance

B.todanceC.dancing

D.todancing中考预测B动词不定式作宾语补足语(★★☆)1.不定式用作宾语补足语，也是在一些特定的动词之后。常接“宾语＋宾补”(即：动词＋sb.＋todosth.结构)的动词有：(2017、2015年考)ask(请),force(强迫),allow(允许),expect(期望，盼望),invite(邀请),want(要),tell(告诉),advise(建议),help(帮助),persuade(说服),permit(准许),warn(警告)，wish(希望)，invite(邀请)，allow(允许)，encourage(鼓励)，order(命令)，teach(教导)等。如：Joanasked_Mary_to_speakfirst.(Mary在句中作宾语，tospeak补充说明Mary要做的事)琼请玛丽先说。2.有些动词(一感二听三让四看)feel,hear/listento,make/have/let,see/lookat/watch/notice＋sb./sth.＋do，后用不定式作宾补时须省略to。但这种句式在变为被动语态时，to不能省略。Theymakethestudentsdotoomuchhomeworkeveryday.＝Thestudentsaremade_to_dotoomuchhomeworkeveryday.他们让学生每天做太多作业。()1.(2017广东)Formorethanonce，ourheadteacherasksus________thehabitofkeepingadiary.A.develop

B.develops

C.developing D.todevelop()2.(2015广东)Weadviseparents________theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.

A.notleaveB.nottoleaveC.leave

D.toleave母题训练DB()3.Myparentsoftentellme________hard.Theywantmetogetgoodgrades.A.study B.studyingC.tostudy D.studies()4.Parentsshouldwarntheirchildren________intheriver.It'sdangerous.A.toswim B.swimmingC.nottoswim D.notswimming中考预测CC动词不定式作状语(★☆☆)不定式作状语，修饰动词，用于表示行为的目的、结果、原因或条件等，一般放在动词后面。1.todo/soastodo(不能放在句首)/inordertodo作目的状语。(2014年考)如：Istaythereto/in_order_to_seewhatwillhappen.我待在那儿，以便看看会发生什么事。To/In_order_to_catch

theearlybus,hegotupearly.(此句不能用soastodo)为了赶上早班车，他起得很早。2.enoughtodo/too…todo结构。如：Theboyisn'toldenough_to_gotoschool.＝Theboyistoo_young_to_gotoschool.小男孩太小了不可以去上学。3.形容词(difficult,happy,glad,lucky,fortunate,surprised,angry,anxious,ready,quick,slow,cruel,clever等)＋todo。如：Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.这个问题很难回答。()1.(2014广东)Inorder________forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythis