Unit1TheMassMedia单元话题阅读理解练习高二英语选择性单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit1TheMassMedia单元话题阅读理解练习（2324高二下·江苏苏州·期末）MobilephonesaresettobeprohibitedinschoolsacrossEnglandaspartofthegovernment’splantominimizedisturbanceandimprovebehaviorinclassrooms.Newmobilephonesinschoolsguidanceissuedtodaybacksheadteachersinprohibitingtheuseofmobilephonesthroughouttheschoolday,includingatbreaktimes.Manyschoolsaroundthecountryarealreadyprohibitingmobilephoneusewithgreatresults.Thisguidancewillensurethereisauniformapproachacrossallschools.Bytheageof12,97%ofchildrenhavetheirownmobilephone,accordingtoOf.Toomuchtimespentonmobilephonesinschoolscanleadtoonlinebullying,distractionandclassroomdisturbancewhich,inturn,canleadtolostlearningtime.Lastyear,UNESCOcalledforsmartphonestobebannedfromschoolsasevidenceshoweditwaslinkedtoreducededucationalperformanceandthattoomuchscreentimehadanegativeimpactonchildren’swellbeing.Schoolswillbesupportedtoprohibitmobilephoneusewithdifferentapproachesincludingbanningphonesfromtheschool,handinginphonesonarrivalatschool,andkeepingphonessecurelylockedawayatschool.Theguidancewillrespondtoconcernsfromparentsaboutmobilephones,withthelatestdatafromParentKind’sNationalParentSurvey,revealingthat44%ofparentsareconcernedabouttheamountoftimetheirchildrenspendonelectronicdevices,risingto50%ofparentsofsecondaryschoolchildren.“Wearemakinglongtermdecisionstoensureallpupilshaveworldclasseducation.Thisguidancebuildsonthatworkwhichhasdelivered89%ofschoolsratedgoodoroutstandingbyOfsted,upfromjust68%in2010.Ourplanisworkingwithschoolstandardsrisingacrosstheboard.EnglandhasleveleduptheinternationalrankingsforacademicattainmentthroughourmultimillionpoundMathsandEnglishprogram.WearenowoneofthetopperformingcountriesintheWesternworldforMathsandreading.ThegovernmentwillcontinuetobuildonthisprogressbydeliveringcrucialreformsincludingbycreatingtheAdvancedBritishStandard.”EducationSecretaryGillianKeegansaid.1．Whatdoestheunderlineword“uniform”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Consistent. B．Critical. C．Contradictory. D．Conventional.2．WhichofthefollowingapproachisNOTbackedbythenewguidance?A．Introducingphonelockersintheschool. B．DisablingtheInternetaccessintheschool.C．Requiringstudentstohandinphonesoncampus. D．Restrictingstudentsfromtakingphonestoschool.3．Whichadjectivecanbestdescribethenewguidance?A．Wellgrounded. B．Costeffective. C．Energyconsuming. D．Groundbreaking.4．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A．MobilephonesusemeetswithoppositioninBritishschools.B．Anewguidanceofmobilephonesinschoolshaseintoeffect.C．Britisheducationhasmadegreatachievementsinthepastfewyears.D．TheBritishgovernmentrisestothechallengesposedbyparentsactively.（2324高二上·江苏宿迁·期末）AwardwinningChineseshoedesigner,HuangQinqin,shareshertransformativejourney,biningculturalheritageandinternationaldesigntoshapetheartofpracticalwear.Believingthatthevalueofherproductsdoesn’tlieinbusinessoperation,Huangalwaysfocusesonhowtoconveythestoriesbehindhershoestocustomersinstead.“Itislikestorytelling,anaturalabilityIpossess,”shesaidwithasmile.However,Huang’sjourneyintodesignwasunforeseenandittookherseveralyearstodiscoverhertruepassion.Huangswitchedhermajorfromphysicstointernationalmunicationsstudiesatuniversity.Whileshefoundgreatenjoymentinthesecourses,shestilldidn’tknowwhatshecoulddointhefuture.“Oneday,IgrabbedasheetofpaperandbegandrawingsomeshoedesignsIsawonline.Itwasatthatmomentthatthelightsuddenlydawned.”recalledHuang.Toherastonishment,HuangdiscoveredwhileinternationalluxuryshoebrandslikeJimmyChooandChristianLouboutinarehouseholdnames,Chinesebrandsarerarelyseen.ThisfindingfueledHuang’sdeterminationtopursuehercareerasashoedesigner,hopingtofilltheblankintheinternationalmarket.AfterreturningtoChinafromtheUK,Huangestablishedherownshoebrand.“IthinkChinesestudentsstudyingabroadtodayallshareastrongsenseofmission—toshowcasewhatChinatrulyhastooffertotheworld,”Huangsaid.Lookingback,Huangsaidthatshetookalongtimetofinallyfindherlifelongpassion.“Thereisasayingthatonemustachievefameatayoungage,butIbelieveitisnevertoolatetounlockone’spotential,sinceeveryoneoperatesontheirunique‘timezone’,”shesaid.Beforehercurrentcareerpath,Huangneverstoppedtryingnewthings,includinggardendesignanddance.Thesediverseexperienceshaveallbeeprecioustreasuresinherlife,nurturingherselfdirectedlearningabilities,whichhaveturnedouttobeessentialskillsforherstartupbusinesstoday.5．WhatdoesHuangvaluemostaboutherproducts?A．Designconcept. B．Marketshare.C．Qualitystandard. D．Businessoperation.6．WhatfurthermotivatedHuangQinqintobeashoedesigner?A．Passionforfashionanddesign.B．LackofChinesebrandsinthefield.C．Desiretochallengeconventionalnorms.D．Loveforinternationalluxuryshoebrands.7．WhatcanbestdescribeHuang?A．Creativeandflexible.B．Ambitiousandeasygoing.C．Talentedandaccessible.D．Responsibleandhumorous.8．WhatmightHuangagreewith?A．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Thinktwicebeforeyouleap.C．Everystepcountsinyourlife.D．Itmattersmuchwhenyousucceed.（2324高二上·江苏徐州·期末）Aformerstarchitect(明星建筑师)whodesignedvillasforPakistan’scelebritiesnowrebuildsvillagespletelydestroyedbynaturaldisasters.October2005,acatastrophicearthquakeclaimingsome79,000peopleinPakistanreducedthevillagestoruinsinmud.YasmeenLari,athen65yearoldarchitectwastheretohelpleadthereconstructionofsettlements.WorkingwithvolunteerarchitectsandengineersfromPakistanandabroad,shestarteddrawingplansforearthquakeresistanthomes.Overthefollowingdecades,Laridesignedvarioushousesanddevicesinside.Lari’sshelters,inspiredbytraditionaldesignsandmadewithsustainablematerialssuchasbamboo,mudandlime(石灰)thataresourcedlocallyfirst,canbetterwithstanddisasters.Bamboohomesonstilts(柱子)allowwatertoflowthrough,whilecrossbracing(交叉支撑)providesstrengthandflexibilityduringearthquakes.Lari’sinsistenceonlowcost,zerowasteandzerocarbonbuildingsreflectshermitmenttotheplanet.ThissustainableinspirationhasfuelledmanyofLari’sdesigns,whichnowincludehouseholdinnovations.Forinstance,morethan80,000ofherwellreceivedlimecreteandsmokelesscookstoveswerebuilt.Thedevice,whichwonaUNWorldHabitatPrizein2018,costsaboutE8tomakeandisfuelledwithagriculturalwaste.Thestovesstandhigherthanfloodlevels,makingthemsaferthansmoky,opencookingfiresontheground.Nowatage83,Lariisstillfizzingwithideasaboutzerocarbondesigns,skillsbuildingandselfsustainingvillages.9．WhichcanbestdescribeYasmeenLari?A．Insistentandconventional. B．Productiveandstubborn.C．Innovativeandmitted. D．Economicalandacademic.10．WhatisanadvantageofLari’sshelters?A．Theyacmodatehomelessvillagers. B．Theyareallmadeoflocalmaterials.C．Theyfollowtraditionaldesigns. D．Theyareresistanttoearthquakes.11．WhatdoweknowaboutthestoveLaridesigned?A．Itcostsalot. B．Itgeneratessmoke.C．Itgainspopularity. D．Itburnsanimalwaste.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Fromarchitecttohumanitarian B．ThegreatestarchitecteverC．Rebuildingdestroyedvillages D．Designinghouseholddevices（2324高二上·江苏苏州·期末）ItwasMay1945whenwhatwouldbeeoneofAmerica’smostpopularhomecookingtechniquesfirstenteredtheEnglishdictionary.Inhercookbook,HowtoCookandEatinChinese,55yearoldChineseimmigrant(移民)ChaoYangBuweidescribedaprocessmoninherhomeland,wherecookswouldcutmeatandvegetablesintosmallbitesandtumble(翻滚)themrapidlytogetheroverheat.“TheChinesetermforthetechnique,ch’ao,cannotbeaccuratelytranslatedintoEnglish,”Chaoplained.Forshort,shedecided,“Weshallcallit‘stirfry.’”ThetermsoonmadeitswayintotheAmericanlanguageandhassincetakenonalifeofitsown.Chaocametocookingunexpectedly.Adoctorbyprofession,shegaveuphermedicalcareertomovetotheUnitedStatesin1921afterherhusband,thefamedlinguist(语言学家)ChaoYuanren,wasofferedajobatHarvard.BoredathomeandonlyabletospeakalittleEnglish,sheturnedtocookingdishesthatremindedherofChina:soupswithmushroomsandporkflavoredwithsoysauce.Sheeventuallyagreedwhenafriendbeggedhertowriteacookbook.Chao’seldestdaughterhelpedhertranslaterecipesfromChinesetoEnglish,beforeherhusbandputthefinishingtouchesonthelanguage,oftenaddingphrasingthatevenChaorecognizedasawkward.ThisstylisticconflictresultedinacookbookthatChaowas“ashamedtohavewritten,”asshedeclaredinanauthor’snote.Thecookbooksucceeded,goingintomultipleprintingsbytheendof1945,thoughcriticslargelyoverlookedtheangerinChao’swords.EnglishlanguageChinesecookbookshadbeenpublishedasfarbackas1911intheUnitedStates,butChao’swasthefirstthatrefusedtowesternizeChinesecooking.ShemayhavegivenAmericaawellwornphrase,butsheknewthatsomeaspectsoftheimmigrantexperienceresisttranslation.Chao’scontributiontoAmericanfoodcultureshouldhavebeenenoughtomakeherintoheadlines,buttheNewYorkTimesdidnotevenhonorherwithanobituary(讣告)uponherdeath.HowmanyothercookingpioneerslikeChao,immigrantswhodidn’tsilencetheirdifferenceinordertogainbroadapproval,stillawaitrediscovery?13．Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“chao”?A．ItisacookingtechniqueusedonlyinAmerica.B．ItquicklyfoundaplaceintheAmericanlanguage.C．Itwasaccuratelytranslatedinto“stirfry”byChao.D．Itmeansmixingtogethersmallpiecesofmaterials.14．WhatmadeChaoturntotraditionalChinesecooking?A．Herinterestincooking.B．Herprofessionasadoctor.C．InadaptabilitytolifeinAmerica.D．Encouragementfromherhusband.15．WhatismostspecialaboutChao’scookbook?A．Consistencyinwritingstyle.B．RefusaltowesternizeChinesecooking.C．SuccessinpleasingtheAmericantaste.D．Reflectionofwesternculture.16．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Chao’scookbookwaslargelyoverlookedbycritics.B．Chaofollowedthesametrendasothercookbookwriters.C．Chaoisn’ttheonlyimmigrantthatdeservesgivingcreditto.D．Chaogainedpopularityforherunwillingnesstosilenceherdifferences.（2324高二上·江苏无锡·期末）Climatechangeisnotonlyahumanproblem;animalshavetoadapttoitaswell.Some“warmblooded”animalsareshapeshifting(变形)andgettinglargerlegs,ears,andbeakstobettercontroltheirbodytemperaturesastheplanetgetshotter.BirdresearcherSaraRydingofDeakinUniversityinAustraliadescribesthesechangesinareview.“It’shightimewerecognizedthatanimalsalsohavetoadapttothesechanges,andthisisoccurringoverafarshortertimethanwouldhaveoccurredthroughmostofevolutionarytime,”saysRyding.“Theclimatechangethatwehavecreatedisputtingalotofpressureonthem,andwhilesomespecieswilladapt,otherswillnot.”Rydingnotesthatclimatechangeisaplexphenomenonthat’sbeenoccurringgradually,soit’sdifficulttodeterminejustonecauseoftheshapeshifting.Butthesechangeshavebeenoccurringacrosswidegeographicalregionsandamongavarietyofspecies,sothereislittleinmonapartfromclimatechange.Strongshapeshiftinghasparticularlybeenreportedinbirds.SeveralspeciesofAustralianparrothaveshown,onaverage,a4%to10%increaseinsizesince1871,andthisispositivelyassociatedwiththesummertemperatureeachyear.NorthAmericandarkeyedjuncos,atypeofsmallsongbird,hadalinkbetweenincreasedsizeandshorttermtemperatureextremesincoldenvironments.Therehavealsobeenreportedchangesinmammalian(哺乳动物)species.Researchershavereportedtaillengthincreasesinwoodmice.“Theincreasesinappendage(附肢)sizeweseesofararequitesmall—lessthan10%—sothechangesareunlikelytobeimmediatelynoticeable,”saysRyding.“However,prominent(突起的)appendagessuchasearsarepredictedtoincrease.”Next,RydingintendstoinvestigateshapeshiftinginAustralianbirdsby3Dscanningmuseumbirdsamplesfromthepast100years.Undoubtedly,itwillgiveherteamabetterunderstandingofwhichbirdsarechangingappendagesizeduetoclimatechangeandwhy.17．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A．Tointroduceabirdresearcher. B．Topresentashapeshiftingphenomenon.C．Toexplainthecauseofclimatechange. D．Tostatetheterribleinfluenceofclimatechange.18．Whatcanbeinferredaboutanimals’shapeshiftingfromparagraphs2and3?A．Itisslowerthantheirevolution. B．It’simpossibletodetermineitscause.C．Itisaglobalphenomenonbeyondspecies. D．Climatechangeisitspotentialcause.19．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Theexamplesofshapeshifting. B．Theeffectsofshapeshifting.C．Theexplanationsofshapeshifting. D．Thehistoryofshapeshifting.20．WhichofthefollowingwillRyding’snextstudyfocuson?A．Thespeedofshapeshifting. B．Thecauseofclimatechange.C．ThesamplesofAustralianbirds. D．Theunderstandingofbirdhistory.（2223高二上·江苏镇江·期末）AFloridateenisgainingnationalattentionwithhergraduationspeechandabasketofstrawberries.“Careforsomestrawberries?”BrendasaidathergraduationfromMulberryHighSchool.Afterjokinglyacknowledgingtheremightnotbeenough,shewenton,“Thesearenoordinarystrawberries.”Sheheldupaseriesofstrawberries,revealingwhateachrepresents:sweat,dirt,aches,andpains.BrendadescribedherselfasthedaughteroftwotirelessfarmerswhoimmigratedfromMexicoandspentmostoftheirdaysworkinginfieldsofstrawberries,blueberries,andcucumbers.“Mymotivationhasbeenrootedinmyimmigrantculture.”Becauseofthis,shechosetofocusonthatinheraddress.“Manystudentsusedtobeashamedoftheirupbringingbuttoday,we’reproudofwhatmakesus.”Sheexplainedhowshegrewupunderpoorconditions.“I’mmotivatedbymyparents’handsthatlosefeelingfromlaboriouswork.Despitethehotsunandbodypains,theybackmeupheartandsoulinmyeducation,whichweighsmorestronglywithmethananythingelse.Imustworkhardandsucceed.”Brenda’sheadingtoStanfordUniversitythisfall.ShealsocreditedsomeofheroutstandingachievementstoherteacherHiggins,whohelpsimmigrantstudentsandthepoor.Herspeechhasbeenviewedbythousandsonline.“Hearingittouchedotherpeople’sheartswhosaidtheyunderstoodmymessage,I’mstruckthesame,”Brendasaidlater.TheprincipalofMulberryHighSchool,MichaelYoung,wasonememberoftheaudiencegettingemotional.“Thespeechwasverypowerful—herfruitdidhelppaintagoodpictureofthingsshewantedtoconvey,”Youngsaid.Asforhermessagetoyoungpeoplestruggling,Brendasaid,“Pastcircumstancesaren’tinchargeofyourfuture.Ifyou’refromapoorfamily,useeveryresourceandtrytobetteryourself.You’retheauthorofyourstory.”21．WhydidBrendabringstrawberriestohergraduation?A．Toshareherhomegrownfruit. B．Toshowhardshipherparentsfaced.C．Tobetterillustrateherspeech’stopic. D．Toexplaintheimportanceofmotivators.22．WhataffectedBrendamostintermsofheracademicsuccess?A．Helpfromherteacher. B．Herlifeexperience.C．Hernativeculture. D．Supportfromherparents.23．HowdidBrendafeelabouttheviewers’responseonline?A．Proud. B．Sympathetic. C．Awkward. D．Moved.24．WhatdidBrendaconveytotheyoung?A．Lifeiswhatyoumakeit. B．Everycloudhasasilverlining.C．Everyonedeservesagoodlifestory. D．Resourcesinhanddecideyourfuture.（2324高二上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）Inalittleoveradecade,ManasNationalPark,locatedinthenortheasternIndianstateofAssam,hasseengreatgrowthinitsgreateronehornedrhino(独角犀牛)population.PlansforbringingrhinosbacktoManasNPweredevelopedin2005,andtranslocations(转移)beganin2008withindividualsmovedtoManasfromotherprotectedareasinAssam.Duringthefirsttranslocationin2008,twoadultmalesweresuccessfullymovedfromAssam’sPobitoraWildlifeSanctuarytoManas,Overthenextfouryears,16morerhinosweretranslocatedtoManasfromKazirangaNationalParkandPobitora.Thetranslocatedrhinoswereradiocollared(佩戴无线电项圈的)toknowabouttheirhealth,movement,andbehavior,andcollectimportantdataforbettermanagementandprotectionofrhinosinthefuture.Beforethetranslocations,theparkwasbuilttoprovideconditionsforprotectingtherhinos,sincetheirsafetyisalwaysakeyconsiderationoncetherhinosaremoved.Since2008,20rhinoshavebeentranslocatedandalltranslocatedfemaleshavegivenbirthatleastoncesincetheyweremovedtotheirnewhomes,with26babiesbornbyApril2020.Thisgrowingpopulationisevidence(证据)thatthesetirelesseffortsarepayingoffforrhinoprotection.Translocationsarejustonepartofsuccessfulrhinoprotection.Localmunitiesthatlivenearorsharerhinohabitatsplayanimportantroleinhelpingtokeeptheirpopulationssafe.ThelocalgovernmentandtheBodolandTerritorialCouncilhaveledeffortstoinvolvelocalmunitiesinprotection.ThesegroupshaveprovidedsupportforlocalmunityprotectionorganizationsinandaroundManastoraiseawarenessoftheimportanceofprotectionintheirareaandtrainyouthandothermunitymemberstohelpprotectthepark.Inaddition,thesepartnershavebeensupportingmunitiestodeveloplocaltourismandofferingopportunitiestodeveloptourisminthearea,whichbringsinadditionallivelihoodopportunities.Today,therearearound3,700greateronehornedrhinosinAsia,upfromonly200atthebeginningofthe20thcentury.Whilethespeciescontinuestofacethreats(威胁)fromhunting,signsofpopulationgrowthlikethosefromManasarecertainlycauseforhope.25．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetranslocatedrhinosinparagraph2?A．Theywerewatchedclosely B．Theywerebadlytreatedbefore.C．Theywereusedtodrawtourists. D．Theyweresetfreeandlivedindependently.26．Whatcanweinferabouttheplansinparagraph3?A．Theyweren’tconsideredimportant. B．Theyweresurprisinglyeasy.C．Theyworkedeffectively. D．Theyweren’trealistic.27．Howdidlocalmunitiesreacttotheplans?A．Theywereconfusedaboutthem. B．Theywerequitesupportiveofthem.C．Theydidn’tshowmuchinterestinthem. D．Theythoughttheyharmedlocaltourism.28．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．RhinosfacenewthreatsinAsiaB．ProtectionofrhinoshelpsbenefitIndiaC．TranslocationofrhinoshasgonethroughupsanddownsD．RhinosmakeaebackinIndia’sManasNationalPark（2324高二上·江苏徐州·期中）I’marecoveringaddict.IwasaddictedtoYouTube.Myaddictionstartedseveralyearsago.MyfirstexperiencewasontheremendationofafriendtocheckoutSusanBoyle’samazingsingingonBritain’sGotTalent.Ididn’tthinkmuchaboutitandgotonwithmylife.ButsoonIfoundmyselfspendingalotoftimestaringatthescreenanddiscoveredonscreenofferingsweretrulyendless.FromoneYouTuberIlearnedhowtoplantmyownvegetablegarden.Someoneelsegavewisesayingsfromphilosophers.DowntherabbitholeIwent,forhoursandhours,watchingotherpeoplelivingtheirlivesandgivingmeadviceonhowtolivemine.Asthemonthsrolledby,checkingineverydaywithpeoplewhoweretalkingtomepersonally(orsoitseemed)becameanaddiction.Isubscribedto(订阅)manychannelsandwaitedanxiouslyfornewweeklyofferings.Ifoundallthiscalmingandtherapeutic.Atsomepoint,though,Igotannoyedbytheseartisticandseeminglyperfectlives.Whoarefilmingthem?Dotheyhappentoliveinameadow(草地)?Thequestionsstartedtodisturbmewhileforcingparisonswithmyownsomewhatmoreordinaryexistence.Regardlessofmygrowinganxiety,IcontinuedtoclickontheYouTubeicononmyphonewheneverIhadasparefiveminutes.Iparedmylifeconstantlywiththeimagesonscreen.Istartedtohatetheendlessrulespresentedforgoodhealth,financialstabilityandmentalcontentment.Inamomentofclarity(清晰),IrealizedthatIhadafullandhappylifemyself,whichsuitedmeperfectlyalthoughitwouldn’twinawardsforperfectiononscreen.Iputmyphoneawayandstartedpayingattentiontomyownlife,insteadofwatchingotherpeoplelivetheirs.Istilllikecheckinginonceinawhileforsomeentertainmentandinspiration,butI’velimitedmyexposure.Iamcontentintheknowledgethatmyaddictiontolifeonscreenhasbeenreplacedbylifeitself.29．WhatledtheauthortouseYouTubeforthefirsttime?A．Hersearchforgardeningtips. B．Herfriend’sremendation.C．Hercuriosityabouttheplatform. D．Heradmirationforafamoussinger.30．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofYouTubevideosatfirst?A．Informativeandrelaxing. B．Dullanddiscouraging.C．Creativeandpuzzling. D．Addictiveanduseless.31．WhathappenedaftertheauthorbecameaddictedtoYouTube?A．Shegraduallylostpurposeinlife. B．Shetriedtocopyothers’lifestyle.C．Shesoughtforthepeaceofcountrylife. D．Shekeptmakingparisonswithothers.32．Whatkindoflifedoestheauthorlivenow?A．Stopsurfingonline. B．Uploadvideosaboutherlife.C．Appreciatereallifeexperiencesmore. D．Spendmoretimeonhersociallife.参考答案：1．A2．B3．A4．B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是英国各地的许多学校已经禁止使用，并取得了很大的成效。1．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Manyschoolsaroundthecountryarealreadyprohibitingmobilephoneusewithgreatresults.(全国各地的许多学校已经禁止使用，并取得了很大的成效。)”可知，全国各地的许多学校已经禁止使用，且取得很大成效，结合划线单词中的“Thisguidancewillensure”和“approachacrossallschools”可知，此处表示该指导方针确保所有学校使用“统一的”方法，所以划线单词的意思与A项“Consistent.统一的”意义相近。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Schoolswillbesupportedtoprohibitmobilephoneusewithdifferentapproachesincludingbanningphonesfromtheschool,handinginphonesonarrivalatschool,andkeepingphonessecurelylockedawayatschool.(学校将通过禁止进入学校、在到达学校时上交、将安全地锁在学校等不同的方法来禁止使用。)”可知，新指导要求学生禁止带进学校、到校上交以及将安全地锁在学校，并未提到禁止在学校上网。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Wearemakinglongtermdecisionstoensureallpupilshaveworldclasseducation.Thisguidancebuildsonthatworkwhichhasdelivered89%ofschoolsratedgoodoroutstandingbyOfsted,upfromjust68%in2010.(我们正在做出长期决定，以确保所有学生都能接受世界一流的教育。这项指导是建立在这项工作的基础上的，这项工作使被教育标准局评为优秀的学校从2010年的68%上升到89%。)”可知，这项指导是建立在这项工作的基础上的，这项工作使被教育标准局评为优秀的学校从2010年的68%上升到89%，由此可知，这项新指导是有充分理由的。故选A项。4．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“MobilephonesaresettobeprohibitedinschoolsacrossEnglandaspartofthegovernment’splantominimizedisturbanceandimprovebehaviorinclassrooms.Newmobilephonesinschoolsguidanceissuedtodaybacksheadteachersinprohibitingtheuseofmobilephonesthroughouttheschoolday,includingatbreaktimes.(作为英国政府减少干扰和改善课堂行为计划的一部分，英国各地的学校将禁止使用。今天发布的学校新指导意见支持校长禁止在学校全天使用，包括在休息时间。)”以及下文介绍的制定该项指导的原因以及取得的成效可知，本文主要介绍的是一项关于在学校使用的新规定已经生效。故选B项。5．A6．B7．A8．C【导语】本文是一篇人物专访。文章主要围绕获奖的中国鞋履设计师黄沁沁展开，详细描述了她的职业旅程、设计理念、人生经历以及对未来的展望。5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Believingthatthevalueofherproductsdoesn’tlieinbusinessoperation,Huangalwaysfocusesonhowtoconveythestoriesbehindhershoestocustomersinstead.(她认为产品的价值不在于商业运作，而是专注于如何将鞋子背后的故事传达给顾客。)”可知，她认为产品的价值不在于商业运营，而是如何向顾客传达鞋子背后的故事。因此，她最看重的是产品的设计理念，即如何通过设计来传达故事和情感。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Toherastonishment,HuangdiscoveredwhileinternationalluxuryshoebrandslikeJimmyChooandChristianLouboutinarehouseholdnames,Chinesebrandsarerarelyseen.ThisfindingfueledHuang’sdeterminationtopursuehercareerasashoedesigner,hopingtofilltheblankintheinternationalmarket.(令她惊讶的是，黄女士发现，虽然像JimmyChoo和ChristianLouboutin这样的国际奢侈鞋品牌家喻户晓，但中国品牌却很少见到。这一发现让她下定决心成为一名鞋子设计师，希望填补国际市场的空白。)”可知，当黄沁沁发现鞋子市场缺乏中国品牌时，她决定要成为一名鞋子设计师，希望填补国际市场上中国品牌鞋的空白。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AwardwinningChineseshoedesigner,HuangQinqin,shareshertransformativejourney,biningculturalheritageandinternationaldesigntoshapetheartofpracticalwear.(屡获殊荣的中国鞋履设计师黄沁沁分享了她的变革之旅，将文化遗产与国际设计相结合，塑造了实用的穿着艺术。)”可知，黄沁沁设计的鞋子屡获殊荣，由此可知，她是一位有创造力的设计师；再根据文章第七段“Lookingback,Huangsaidthatshetookalongtimetofinallyfindherlifelongpassion.(回首往事，黄说她花了很长时间才最终找到自己毕生的爱好。)”以及最后一段“Beforehercurrentcareerpath,Huangneverstoppedtryingnewthings,includinggardendesignanddance.(在走上现在的职业道路之前，她从未停止尝试新事物，包括花园设计和舞蹈。)”可知，在找到真正热爱的事业之前，黄尝试了多种新事物，包括花园设计和舞蹈，这显示了她的灵活性和愿意尝试新事物的态度。因此，用“创造性”和“灵活”来形容黄沁沁是恰当的。故选A。8．推理判断题。根据文章第七段“Lookingback,Huangsaidthatshetookalongtimetofinallyfindherlifelongpassion.“Thereisasayingthatonemustachievefameatayoungage,butIbelieveitisnevertoolatetounlockone’spotential,sinceeveryoneoperatesontheirunique‘timezone’,”shesaid(回首往事，黄说她花了很长时间才最终找到自己毕生的爱好。她说:“俗话说，出名要趁早，但我相信释放一个人的潜力永远不会太晚，因为每个人都有自己独特的‘时区’。)”以及最后一段“Beforehercurrentcareerpath,Huangneverstoppedtryingnewthings,includinggardendesignanddance.Thesediverseexperienceshaveallbeeprecioustreasuresinherlife,nurturingherselfdirectedlearningabilities,whichhaveturnedouttobeessentialskillsforherstartupbusinesstoday.(在走上现在的职业道路之前，她从未停止尝试新事物，包括花园设计和舞蹈。这些不同的经历都成为她人生中宝贵的财富，培养了她自主学习的能力，而这些能力也成为她今天创业的必备技能。)”可知，黄沁沁表示她花了很长时间才找到自己一生的热情所在，并指出“我相信，每个人都有自己独特的‘时区’，解锁潜力永远不会太晚。”这表明她重视人生的每一步，并认为每一步都是重要的。而她认为自己曾经做的每件事，尝试过的新事物，都培养了她的能力，而这些能力也成为了她成功的必备技能。由此可知，她重视的不是成功的时刻，而是过程中的每一步。故选C。9．C10．D11．C12．A【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述建筑师亚丝明·拉里（YasmeenLari）研究零碳设计、技能建设和自给自足的村庄，并且对世界的可持续发展做出了很大的贡献。9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Overthefollowingdecades,Laridesignedvarioushousesanddevicesinside.Lari’sshelters,inspiredbytraditionaldesignsandmadewithsustainablematerialssuchasbamboo,mudandlime(石灰)thataresourcedlocallyfirst,canbetterwithstanddisasters.Bamboohomesonstilts(柱子)allowwatertoflowthrough,whilecrossbracing(交叉支撑)providesstrengthandflexibilityduringearthquakes.Lari’sinsistenceonlowcost,zerowasteandzerocarbonbuildingsreflectshermitmenttotheplanet.(在接下来的几十年里，拉里设计了各种各样的房子和里面的设备。拉里的避难所受到传统设计的启发，采用竹子、泥土和石灰等可持续材料制成，这些材料首先来自当地，可以更好地抵御灾害。高跷上的竹屋可以让水流通过，而交叉支撑在地震期间提供了强度和灵活性。拉里对低成本、零浪费和零碳建筑的坚持反映了她对地球的承诺。)”可知，拉里在几十年里面一直坚持对低成本、零浪费和零碳建筑的建筑要求，所以她是一个有创新性又有坚定力做事的人。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Lari’sshelters,inspiredbytraditionaldesignsandmadewithsustainablematerialssuchasbamboo,mudandlime(石灰)thataresourcedlocally