2021-2022学年北京市高一上学期期末测试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年北京市高一上学期期末测试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereisthewomangoingwiththechildren?A.ToJapan.B.ToAustralia.C.ToCanada.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$16.B.$32.C.$60.3.WhatdoesthewomanexpectthemantodoonSaturday?A.Celebratetheirmom’sbirthday.B.HelpBrianmovehouse.C.Shedoesn’tlikethejob.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewilltakethejobrightaway.B.Sheisn’tsurewhethertakethejob.C.Onaboat.5.Whatarethespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Anovel.B.Afilm.C.Awriter.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或读白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前.你将有时间阅读各个小题.每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatwillthewomandothisevening?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Attendaparty.C.Visithergrandma.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Makeaskirt.B.Buyahandbag.C.Wearanecklace.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Atahotel.C.Atapolicestation.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Waitwheresheis.B.Makearequestfortheloss.C.Givehimhertelephonenumber.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What’stherelationbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Friends.C.Bossandworker.11.Whydoesthewomanlookworried?A.Sheisnotgettingonwellwithherboss.B.Shehasbeenlateforworkrecently.C.Shehastroubletakingherchildrentoschool.12.WhatmightthewomanthinkofAlice’swaytodealwithherproblem?A.Practical.B.Strange.C.Wrong.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Howlongwillthecourserunthisyear?A.Eightweeks.B.Sixweeks.C.Sevenweeks.14.Whatwasthewomansurprisedat?A.Thelackofassistants.B.Theconditionofweather.C.Thenumberofchildren.15Whatnewactivitiescanthechildrenhavethisyear?A.Funprograms.B.Adventuresports.C.Creativeclasses.16.Whatisexpectedaboutthecoursethisyear?A.Itwilllastlonger.B.Itwillrunbetter.C.Itwillstartearlier.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatdifficultydidthespeakerhavewhenstartingtolearnFrench?A.Grammar.B.Pronunciation.C.Vocabulary.18.WhydidthespeakergotoFrance?A.Tosettlethere.B.Togoforajob.C.Tocontinuetostudy.19.WhatdidthespeakerthinkofherFrenchaftershearrivedinFrance?A.Poor.B.Excellent.C.Acceptable.20.Whatisthemostimportantinlearningalanguageaccordingtothespeaker?A.Masteringthegrammarrules.B.Knowingalargernumberofwords.C.Usingthelanguageinreallife.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStandinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknownyoungastronomerwithahalf-smileonherface.Shehadcomewithanimpossiblerequestthatmyteammodify(修改)ourthoroughlytestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedforandriskbreakingit.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn’tbedone—provethatamassiveblackholelayatthecenterofourMilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdetermination.AndreaGhez,oneofthreewinnersofthisyear’sNobelPrizeinPhysics,impressedmewithherworkonprovidingsolidevidenceofasupermassiveblackholewiththemassoffourmillionsunslivingatthecenteroftheMillyWaygalaxy.ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostcompletelyonSagittariusA—thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.Itisremarkablethatanentirefieldofstudyhasgrownupinthequartercentury,ofsearchingforandfindingevidenceofthesemonstersthoughttolieattheheartofeverylargegalaxy.AndreadidherworkattheW.M.KeckObservatory’s(天文台)twintelescopesonMaunakea,Hawaii,inthecalmandclearairalmost14000feetabovethePacificOcean.ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentfixedonKeckObservatory’sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC),nowgracingthelobby(大厅)atourheadquarters.Andreaisfondofpointingoutthatoneofthereasonsforhersuccesshasbeenthistightandrapidloop(循环)betweentheneedsoftheneedsoftheastronomersandtheengineerswhorespondedtothechallenge.Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.1.WhichwordsbestdescribeAndreaGhez?A.Determinedandcreative. B.Confidentandadaptable. C.Braveandkind. D.Cooperativeandgenerous.2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheNoblePrizeforphysics. B.Friendshipbetweencolleagues.C.HowAndreawontheNobel. D.WhatmakesAndreadifferent.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gracing”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Makingmoreattractive. B.Bringhonourto. C.Movinginasmoothway. D.Advancingthelevel.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了安德烈娅·盖兹凭借自己的创造力和对科学的决心，通过不断地实验，最终获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的事情。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Shehadcomewithanimpossiblerequestthatmyteammodify(修改)ourthoroughlytestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedforandriskbreakingit.”（她提出了一个不可能的要求，要求我的团队修改我们经过彻底测试的软件，让我们最重要的科学仪器中的一个做一些从未被设计过的事情，并冒着破坏它的风险。）和第三段关键句“ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.”（这种决心和冒险的意愿一直是安德烈娅的特点。）可知，文章中提到安德烈娅提出了一些别人认为不可能的要求，并要求科学仪器做一些从未做过的事，由此可知，她是一个有创造性的人，文章还提到决心和冒险的意愿一直是安德烈娅的特点，由此可知，她是一个有决心的人，由此可知，安德烈娅·盖兹是一个有决心和创造力的人。故选A项。【2题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章，结合最后一段内容“Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.”（这是我的朋友，也是我的老同事，一个拒绝接受“不”作为答案的人：安德烈娅·盖兹，2020年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。）可知，文章主要介绍了安德烈娅·盖兹凭借自己的创造力和对科学的决心，通过不断地实验，最终获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的事情，“HowAndreawontheNobel.”意为“安德烈娅是如何获得诺贝尔奖的。”选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。【3题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.”（安德烈娅·盖兹，2020年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。）可知，安德烈娅·盖兹的研究成果最终获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖，再根据画线单词上文“ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentfixedonKeckObservatory’sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC)”（她开始使用凯克天文台近红外相机上安装的第一台仪器）可知，凯克天文台近红外相机上安装的第一台仪器是安德烈娅·盖兹研究时使用的仪器，由此可知，当她获奖后，这台仪器为我们总部的大厅带来荣誉，“Bringhonourto”意为“给……带来荣誉”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B项。BEverydaypeopleboardplanes,getontrainsandreadythemselvesforanadventure.Butwhataboutthedeepsea?Althoughitcovers70percentoftheEarth'ssurface,wehardlystoptothinkofitasatouristdestination.However,thetravelindustryhasmadegreatadvancementincreatingaquatic(水中的)hotspots.Fromtheluxurytotherelativelymodest,underwaterresortshavebeenpoppingupinrecentyears.Forthosewithatrulyadventurousspiritandsomemoneytospend,youcanevenrentyourownsubmarine.Staffedwithacaptain,apersonalchefandabutler(管家),Oliver’sTravels’submarine,theLoversDeep,isauniquegetaway.Forthoselookingforaslightlydifferentexperience,thereisJules'UnderseaLodgeinFlorida,US,namedafterJulesVerne,theauthorof20,000LeaguesUndertheSea.Othersectorsoftheemergingunderwatertourismindustryhavebroughtabitofarttothedeepsea.AccordingtotheBBC,“there'samovetocombineunderwatertourismwitharttourismtoattractanewkindoftraveler."UnderwatermuseumsandexhibitsliketheMolinereUnderwaterSculptureParkinGrenadaandAustralia'sMuseumofUnderwaterArtallowvisitorstoseeincrediblesculpturesinatrulymagnificentatmosphere.Underwaterarchaeological(考古的)siteshavealsobecomepopulardestinationsExploringEarth'sbodiesofwaterhasbroughtmoreawarenesstotheimportanceofprotectingoceansandtheanimallifethatcallsthemhome.BritishsculptorJasondeCairesTaylor,whoseartworkcanbeseeninmultipleunderwaterattractionsaroundtheworld,feelsthisiskey.“Mostpeoplejustseethesurfaceoftheoceananditishardtothinkofsomethingsoplainandenormousasfragile.Wedon'tregardouroceansassacred(神圣的)andweshould.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"poppingup"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Appearingsuddenly. B.Changingconstantly.C.Workingproperly. D.Movingunexpectedly.5.WhydoestheauthormentionunderwatermuseumsandexhibitsinParagraph3?A.Toprovethepowerofart.B.Toexplainanewtravelrule.C.Tointroduceanewtraveltrend.D.Torecommendpopulardestinations.6.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsunderwatertourism?A.Neutral. B.Supportive.C.Cautious. D.Disapproving.7Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Enormousresourcesarethereforexplorationintheocean.B.Underwatervacationhasbroughthugecommercialbenefits.C.Artistsconsiderittoughtoprotectunderwaterenvironment.D.Underwatertravelhasapositiveeffectonoceanprotection.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本篇是一篇说明文。论述了开发海洋旅游资源的现象和影响。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句“However，thetravelindustryhasmadegreatadvancementincreatingaquatic(水中的)hotspots.(然而，旅游业在创造水上热点方面取得了巨大的进步。)”和第二段首句“Fromtheluxurytotherelativelymodest,underwaterresortshavebeenpoppingupinrecentyears.(从豪华到相对普通，水下度假胜地近年来如雨后春笋般涌现。)”可知，水上旅游项目近年来开始流行，各种风格的水下旅游景点突然出现，由此可推知“poppingup”指“突然出现”。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段前两句“Othersectorsoftheemergingunderwatertourismindustryhavebroughtabitofarttothedeepsea.AccordingtotheBBC,“there'samovetocombineunderwatertourismwitharttourismtoattractanewkindoftraveler."(新兴的水下旅游业的其他部门也给深海带来了一些艺术气息。据英国广播公司报道，“有一项举措将水下旅游与艺术旅游结合起来，以吸引新型游客。”)”可知把艺术旅游融入到海底旅游景点是海底旅游的一种新的趋势，由此可知作者提到水下博物馆及展览是在介绍艺术旅游融入到海底旅游这种旅游新趋势。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。A.Neutral中立的；B.Supportive支持的；C.Cautious谨慎的；D.Disapproving不赞同的。根据文章最后一段，尤其是第一句“ExploringEarth'sbodiesofwaterhasbroughtmoreawarenesstotheimportanceofprotectingoceansandtheanimallifethatcallsthemhome.(对地球水体的探索让人们更加意识到保护海洋和以海洋为家的动物生命的重要性。)”可知，海洋旅游开发提升了人们对于保护海洋资源的意识，因此作者是支持的态度。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段首句“ExploringEarth'sbodiesofwaterhasbroughtmoreawarenesstotheimportanceofprotectingoceansandtheanimallifethatcallsthemhome.(对地球水体的探索让人们更加意识到保护海洋和以海洋为家的动物生命的重要性。)”及文章的其他内容可知海洋旅游开发不仅提升了人们对于保护海洋资源的意识，而且人们也开始意识到保护海洋动物的重要性。由此可知海洋旅游对海洋保护具有积极的意义。故选D。CAcompletelystress-freelifeseemslikeamuchbetteralternative.Butitisn’tnecessarilyagoodthing,researchisnowshowing.Asmallamountofstressmayactuallyhelpkidsbuildmentaltoughness.DavidLyonsisabehavioralneuroscientistatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.HisteamreportedcausalevidenceforthisconnectioninaNovember2019paperScientificReports.Theteamstudiedyoungmonkeys.Thesemonkeysexperiencedvaryingdegreesofstress."No-stress"monkeysenjoyedatypicallifeinthelab.Theywerehousedinacagewiththeirmotherandsiblings.Therewasplentyofwaterandfood.Theyalsogottoys.Thesecondgroupfacedamildstressor.Theyspentanhouradayawayfromtheirsiblingson10straightdays.Thestresslevelwentupforthethirdgroup.Thesemonkeyshaddailyseparationfromsiblingsandnoaccesstomothersduringthathour.Twomoregroupsexperienceddailyseparationfromboththeirmothersandsiblings.Afortnightlater,allthemonkeysweremovedwiththeirmotherstosomeunfamiliarcages.Theresearchersexaminedthemonkeys’willingnesstoleavetheirmothersandexplorethenewsurroundings.Theteamalsoanalyzedlevelsofthestresscortisolintheanimals’blood.Thatbloodhadbeencollectedbefore,duringandaftertheirtimeinthenewcage.Generally,monkeysfacedwithoneortwostressors(groups2and3)dependlessontheirmothersthanthoseingroups4and5.Theywerealsomorewillingtoexplorethenewenvironment.Onthewhole,theybehavedlessanxiouslythanboththeno-stressandhigh-stressgroups.Themonkeys’cortisolpatternsalsoreflectedthistrend.Animalsthatwereexposedtomildstressloweredtheircortisollevelfasterthantheothermonkeys.Growinguphealthymeans"learninghowtodealwithmildchallengesandchanges,"Lyonsconcludes.8.Whatstressdidthesecondgroupofmonkeysface?A.Beingofferedfewtoys. B.Lackingaccesstomothers.C.Beinghousedinacagefor10days. D.Livingwithouttheirsiblingstemporarily.9.Whatmayshowthemonkeys’levelofstress?A.Thecortisoltypesintheirblood. B.Theirtendencytotrynewthings.C.Thelengthoftimetheyspendinanewcage. D.Theirwillingnesstolivewithunfamiliarmonkeys.10Whatcanwelearnaboutthemonkeysingroups2and3?A.Theyexperiencedthehighlevelofcortisol.B.Theyfeltquiteuneasywithouttheirmothers.C.Theyshowedlittleinterestinthesurroundings.D.Theyexpressedtheleastanxietyamongthemonkeys.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MildStressHelpsBuildupToughness B.StressandAnxietyGoHandinHandC.ReportRevealstheStressofAnimals D.MonkeysLearnHowtoTackleStress【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了斯坦福大学的行为神经学家DavidLyons及其团队通过对猴子进行的实验得出结论，适度的压力能让孩子们的意志更加坚韧。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesecondgroupfacedamildstressor.Theyspentanhouradayawayfromtheirsiblingson10straightdays.(第二组面对的是轻微的压力源。他们连续10天每天都有一个小时的时间与兄弟姐妹分开)”可知，第二组猴子面临暂时没有兄弟姐妹的压力。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Generally,monkeysfacedwithoneortwostressors(groups2and3)dependlessontheirmothersthanthoseingroups4and5.Theywerealsomorewillingtoexplorethenewenvironment.(一般来说，面对一两个压力源的猴子（第2组和第3组）比第4组和第5组对母亲的依赖更少。他们也更愿意探索新环境)”可推知，猴子尝试新事物的倾向可以显示猴子的压力水平。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Generally,monkeysfacedwithoneortwostressors(groups2and3)dependlessontheirmothersthanthoseingroups4and5.Theywerealsomorewillingtoexplorethenewenvironment.Onthewhole,theybehavedlessanxiouslythanboththeno-stressandhigh-stressgroups.(一般来说，面对一两个压力源的猴子（第2组和第3组）比第4组和第5组对母亲的依赖更少。他们也更愿意探索新环境。总的来说，他们比无压力组和高压力组表现出更少的焦虑)”可知，第二组和第三组的猴子表达出的焦虑最少。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Acompletelystress-freelifeseemslikeamuchbetteralternative.Butitisn’tnecessarilyagoodthing,researchisnowshowing.Asmallamountofstressmayactuallyhelpkidsbuildmentaltoughness.(完全没有压力的生活似乎是一个更好的选择。但现在的研究表明，这未必是件好事。少量的压力实际上可以帮助孩子们建立坚强的精神)”结合本文主要介绍了斯坦福大学的行为神经学家DavidLyons及其团队通过对猴子进行的实验得出结论，适度的压力能让孩子们的意志更加坚韧，故A选项“适度的压力有助于增强韧性”为最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howdoesbigdatainfluenceourlife?Todaybigdataisoneofthehottestbuzzwords.____12____.Suchlargesetsofdatacanbecollectedandanalyzedtouncoverinformationthatcanhelporganizationsmakeinformeddecisions.____13____.Thankstodatascience,someindustrieshavebenefitedgreatlyandaccordingly,manyfacetsofourdailylifehavebeenchanged.TransportCitiesaregettingbigger,busier,andmorecrowded.Removingroadtrafficcompletelyisalmostimpossible.___14___.Forexample,publicagenciesusedatainsightstomapoutregularroutes,createalternativeroutesincasesomethinggoeswrong,anddevelopintelligenttransportsystemstokeeptheroadsclear.EntertainmentWemaynotrealizethis,buttheentertainmentservicesweuseeveryday,suchasmusicandvideostreamingapps,arelargelydesignedonthebasisofbigdata._____15_____.Atahigherlevel,bigdatahelpsentertainmentproductionhousespredictthegenreofshowsthatviewersfromdifferentagegroupswantsothattheycancreatefavoredcontent.FinanceInthefieldoffinance,manyoftheinnovationsthatwenowtakeforgrantedareresultedfrombigdata.Inthepastfinancialservicessuchasinsuranceandbankingwerebuiltonaninflexible,one-size-fits-allmode,whichmeantnotonlythatpeoplewithlowcreditscoreswererejectedinsomeways,butalsothatclientscouldn’tgetwhattheyneeded.____16____Bigdatahasinfluencedmanyothersectorsaswell,likeagriculture,science,education,andmanufacturing,anditremainstorevealitsfullpotentialinthefuture.A.Andthisgivesrisetobigdata.B.Aprocesslikethisisknownasbigdataanalytics.C.Butbigdataisabletoassistinkeepingitundercontrol.D.Itreferstoalargevolumeofdatathatcomeindiverseformssources.E.Nowbigdatahasmadeiteasiertooffercustomizedservicestothem.F.Thecomingofbigdataanalyticshashelpedlaunchcampaignsandidentifyopportunities.G.Theseplatformsusedatatodiscoverwhatcustomerslikemosttoofferthemrelevantcontent.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.G16.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了大数据对我们生活的影响。【12题详解】根据上文“Todaybigdataisoneofthehottestbuzzwords.(如今，大数据是最热门的流行语之一。)”可知，上文介绍的是当下的流行语之一大数据，D项意为“它指的是来自不同来源的大量的数据。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了什么是大数据，选项中的“It”代指上文提到的“bigdata”。故选D。【13题详解】根据上文“Suchlargesetsofdatacanbecollectedandanalyzedtouncoverinformationthatcanhelporganizationsmakeinformeddecisions.(可以收集和分析如此大量的数据，以发现有助于组织做出明智决策的信息。)”可知，上文介绍的是大数据的用途，B项意为“这样的过程被称为大数据分析。”选项能够承接上文，“大数据分析”指的是“收集和分析大量的数据，以发现有助于组织做出明智决策的信息”这一过程。故选B。【14题详解】根据上文“Citiesaregettingbigger,busier,andmorecrowded.Removingroadtrafficcompletelyisalmostimpossible.(城市越来越大，越来越繁忙，越来越拥挤。完全消除道路交通几乎是不可能的。)”可知，上文介绍的是当下交通面临的困境，C项意为“但大数据能够帮助控制交通。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了大数据能够帮助管控交通，且下文的例子正是大数据如何帮助管控交通的例子。故选C。【15题详解】根据上文“Wemaynotrealizethis,buttheentertainmentservicesweuseeveryday,suchasmusicandvideostreamingapps,arelargelydesignedonthebasisofbigdata.(我们可能没有意识到这一点，但我们每天使用的娱乐服务，如音乐和视频流应用程序，基本上都是基于大数据设计的。)”可知，上文介绍的是大数据在娱乐方面的应用，G项意为“这些平台使用数据发现客户最喜欢的内容，为他们提供相关内容。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了大数据如何应用于我们每天使用的娱乐服务，可以通过平台使用数据发现客户最喜欢的内容，并为客户推送相关内容。故选G。【16题详解】根据上文“Inthepastfinancialservicessuchasinsuranceandbankingwerebuiltonaninflexible,one-size-fits-allmode,whichmeantnotonlythatpeoplewithlowcreditscoreswererejectedinsomeways,butalsothatclientscouldn’tgetwhattheyneeded.(过去，保险和银行等金融服务建立在一种僵化、一刀切的模式上，这意味着信用评分低的人不仅在某些方面遭到拒绝，而且客户无法获得他们所需要的东西。)”可知，上文介绍的是过去金融业服务面临的困境，E项意为“现在，大数据让他们更容易为客户提供定制服务。”选项能够承接上文，将过去与现在进行对比，说明了大数据在金融业起到的作用。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共三节;满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mybossrecentlyaskedme,“DoyouknowwhyIhiredyou?Becauseyoudidn’tsellyourself.Instead,yousaid,‘Iresearchedyourwebsiteandsawhowmany____17____vets(兽医)youhave,andIwanttohave，andIwanttolearnfromthem’,andthat’swhyIhiredyou.Youshowedvulnerability.”So,whatisvulnerability?Forme,vulnerabilitymeans___18___yourfearofembarrassmentandallowingpersonal____19____Ithastraditionallybeenviewedasa(n)___20___intheworkplace.Theverythoughtof___21___yourweaknessesisterrifying.However,wecan___22___theviewssurroundingit.I'mtalkingaboutthevulnerabilitythatstrengthenscourageand____23____moresuccessasavet.Aftergraduation,1startedworkinginaclinicwhere1didn'thavethehelpIrequired.Quicklybecoming___24___,within18months,Ididn’twanttobeavetanymore.Duringthisperiod,IrealizedwithoutthesupportIwanted,IwaspotentiallymakingmistakesIwasn’teven___25___of.wasItreatingpatients____26____?Iwouldn’tknow.Idecidedtobevulnerable.IacceptedthatIwaslivingwithpoormentalhealthand____27____importantknowledge.IwantedtofindsomewhereI’dbeabletocontinuebuildingmyknowledge,notasa(an)____28____vet,butasanexcellentone.Aftertwoandahalfyearsworkingasavet,IhavefinallyfoundaplacewhereIgetthesupportIneed.My____29____is:bevulnerableandhavethe____30____toacceptwhenyou’rehappy.Findsomewherethatwillsupportyouandpushyoutodobetter.Vulnerabilityshouldbeviewedasa(an)____31____ratherthanaliability(不利因素)intheworkplace.Itistheabilitytoshowpeoplethatyouarehuman.17.A.amusing B.alarming C.astonishing D.amazing18.A.puttingaside B.steppingaside C.buildingup D.pickingup19.A.crash B.contact C.growth D.protest20.A.quality B.weakness C.advantage D.competence21.A.exposing B.sheltering C.rescuing D.covering22.A.regard B.ignore C.reserve D.change23.A.devotesto B.contributesto C.donatesto D.adaptto24.A.inspired B.appreciated C.exhausted D.threatened25.A.positive B.aware C.proud D.confident26.A.traditionally B.effortlessly C.positively D.effectively27.A.lacking B.gaining C.tracking D.applying28.A.normal B.average C.professional D.reliable29.A.intention B.issue C.point D.proposal30.A.power B.sense C.honor D.courage31.A.talent B.experience C.strength D.lesson【答案】17.D18.A19.C20.B21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们在工作场所，脆弱性其实是一种优势而不是劣势。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，你说：“我研究了你的网站，看到了很多了不起的兽医”。A.amusing逗乐的；B.alarming引起恐慌的；C.astonishing令人震惊的；D.amazing不可思议的、了不起的。根据后文“Iwanttolearnfromthem”（我想向他们学习）可知，这些兽医是了不起的，故选D。【18题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对我来说，脆弱意味着抛开对尴尬的恐惧，允许个人成长。A.puttingaside把……放在一边、不考虑；B.steppingaside避开；C.buildingup建立；D.pickingup捡起。根据后文“yourfearofembarrassmentandallowingpersonal”可知此处指“抛开对尴尬的恐惧”，把自己放在一个低位，故选A。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.crash撞车；B.contact联系；C.growth成长、增长；D.protest抗议。根据上文语境，抛开对尴尬的恐惧，把自己放在一个低位，虚心向别人学习，才能进步和成长，故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这在传统上被视为职场上的一个劣势。A.quality质量；B.weakness弊端、缺点、劣势；C.advantage优势；D.competence能力、胜任。根据后文weaknesses原词复现可知，脆弱性传统上被视为职场上的一个劣势，故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到要暴露自己的弱点就很可怕。A.exposing暴露；B.sheltering掩蔽；C.rescuing救援；D.covering覆盖。根据后文“yourweaknessesisterrifying.”可知此处指“暴露自己的弱点”，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们可以改变关于它的看法。A.regard看作；B.ignore忽视；C.reserve预订；D.change改变。表示转折关系的However表明此处表示“改变关于它的看法”，故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我说的是脆弱性增强了勇气，有助于成为一名更成功的兽医。A.devotesto致力于；B.contributesto促成、有助于；C.donatesto捐赠给；D.adaptto适应。根据上文“strengthenscourage”可知，脆弱性增强了勇气，有助于成为一名更成功的兽医，故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快我就精疲力竭了。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.appreciated被欣赏的；C.exhausted筋疲力竭的；D.threatened受到威胁的。根据上文“Ididn'thavethehelp1required”可知，由于没有必要的帮助，作者很快就感到筋疲力竭了，故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我意识到如果没有我想要的支持，我可能会犯一些我甚至都没意识到的错误。我的治疗有效吗？A.positive积极的；B.aware意识到的、知道的；C.proud骄傲的；D.confident自信的。根据上文语境，由于疲劳工作，作者可能会犯一些自己当时都没有意识到的错误，beawareof意识到，故选B。【26题详解】考查副词辨析。句意同上。A.traditionally传统上；B.effortlessly轻松地；C.positively积极地；D.effectively有效地。根据上文语境，作者意识到由于疲劳工作，自己可能会犯一些当时都没有意识到的错误，因此对自己治疗的有效性产生了质疑，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认我的精神健康状况不佳，缺乏重要的知识。A.lacking缺少；B.gaining获得；C.tracking追踪；D.applying申请。根据上文“IacceptedthatIwaslivingwithpoormentalhealth”可知，作者承认自己的精神健康状况不佳，缺乏重要的知识，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想找到一个可以继续积累知识的地方，不是作为一名普通的兽医，而是作为一名优秀的兽医。A.normal正常的；B.average普通的、不好不坏的；C.professional专业的；D.reliable可靠的。后文的but表明此处与excellent（优秀的）形成对比，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的观点是——要表现出脆弱性，要有勇气接受。A.intention打算；B.issue议题；C.point观点；D.proposal提议。后文这句话是作者的观点，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.power力量；B.sense感觉；C.honor荣誉；D.courage勇气。根据语境和上一段中的“strengthenscourage”可知此处指“有勇气接受自己的脆弱”，故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在工作场所，脆弱性应该被视为一种优势而不是劣势。A.talent天赋；B.experience经历；C.strength长处；D.lesson教训。根据后文“ratherthanaliability”可知，脆弱性应该被视为一种优势而不是劣势，故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM),whichisuniquetoChina,hashadaprofoundinfluenceonJapan,Koreanandothercountriesinthe_____32_____(surround)Chineseculturalorbit.LiShizhenoftheMingdynasty,anoutstandingphysicianandherbakist,_____33_____(know)asa“SageofMedicine”.Broughtupinafamily_____34_____medicalpractitionershadbeenproducedforgenerations,hehadsympathy___35___thesufferingsofillpeopleandregardeddoctorsaspeoplewhocouldrescuethedyingandhealthe_____36_____(injure).LiShizhenapplied____37____(he)totheworksoftheancientmedicalauthors_____38_____discoveredseveralmistakesintheseoldmedicalworks.Sohedeterminedtoproduceabookthatwasbothaccurateandcomprehensive.Aftertwenty-sevenyearsofresearch,LiShizhencompletedhismonumentalwork,whichconsistsofoveronemillionChinesecharactersandhas_____39_____(record)ofoveronethousandeighthundredtypesofmedicalherbs.Itis___40___greatworkofmedicine,anessentialbookof_____41_____(refer)forpractitionersofTCM,andaninternationalclassicforthestudyofTCM.【答案】32.surrounding33.isknown34.where35.for36.injured37.himself38.and39.records40.a41.reference【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了明代的李时珍是一位杰出的医学家和草药学家，被誉为“医圣”。介绍了李时珍为中医发展所做出的一些贡献。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：中医是中国特有的一种医学，对日本、韩国等中国周边国家的文化产生了深远的影响。修饰后文Chineseculturalorbit应用形容词，作定语surrounding。故填surrounding。【33题详解】考查固定短语。句意：明代的李时珍是一位杰出的医学家和草药学家，被誉为“药圣”。结合句意表示“被誉为……”可知短语为beknownas，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为LiShizhen，谓语用单数。故填isknown。【34题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在一个祖祖辈辈都有行医经验的家庭中长大，对病人的疾苦怀有同情心，认为医生是救死扶伤的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词family，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。【35题详解】考查介词。句意：他在一个祖祖辈辈都有行医经验的家庭中长大，对病人的疾苦怀有同情心，认为医生是救死扶伤的人。结合句意表示“同情……”可知短语为havesympathyfor。故填for。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：他在一个祖祖辈辈都有行医经验的家庭中长大，对病人的疾苦怀有同情心，认为医生是救死扶伤的人。此处为the+形容词表示一类人，表示“伤者”应用theinjured。故填injured。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：李时珍潜心研究古代医家的著作，发现了古代医家著作中的一些错误。结合句意表示“潜心……，致力于……”可知短语为applyoneselfto，应用反身代词himself。故填himself。【38题详解】考查连词。句意：李时珍潜心研究古代医家的著作，发现了古代医家著作中的一些错误。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。【39题详解】考查名词的数。句意：经过27年的研究，李时珍完成了他的不朽作品，包括100多万个汉字，记录了1800多种草药。结合句意表示“记录……”可知短语为haverecordsof，故填records。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：它是一部伟大的医学著作，是中医从业者必不可少的参考书籍，也是中医研究的国际经典。work表示“著作”为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且great是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：它是一部伟大的医学著作，是中医从业者必不可少的参考书籍，也是中医研究的国际经典。作介词的宾语，表示“参考”应用名词reference，不可数。故填reference。第三节选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面句子，在方框内选择一个适当词，在空白处填入其正确的形式，其中有两个多余。promoteconcerninvestigateconductissueharmonyrecoversymbolappropriateshelteraffectboost42.Applauseisasignof__________afteragoodperformance.43.Thechairmanansweredseveralquestions___________thefutureofthenation.44.RedenvelopesareatraditionalChineseNewYeargift___________goodfortune.45.Afterspendingasemestertogether,ourclasshasestablisheda__________relationship.46.Allthepeopleinthecountryweredeeply________bythedeathofgreatscientist.47.Thecompanyhasannouncedthatitwillcarryoutafull____________intotheaccident.48.Afterthewarbrokeout,aneighbor_________theboywhoseparentswerekilledforsevendays.49.Aguide____________thetouristaroundtheruinsoftheaccentIncaEmpirewhenonetouristdiscovered