安徽省安庆市怀宁二中高三下学期第六次检测新高考英语试卷及答案解析

安徽省安庆市怀宁二中高三下学期第六次检测新高考英语试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．TheChinesegovernmenthasbegunacampaignto_____________thecrazyhousingmarket.A．calm B．destroyC．occupy D．reflect2．Meyerandhisteamwerethefirst______howthediseasespreadsfromanimalstohumans.A．showing B．show C．toshow D．shown3．Theforeignersherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_______peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor________newTianjin.A．/;aB．/;theC．a;aD．the;the4．Itissodifficultaquestion_______noneofthekidscouldworkitout.A．as B．that C．which D．X5．一Wouldyoubesokindastotakethisheavyboxupstairsforme?一A．It'smypleasure．B．Helpyourself．C．Sure，withpleasure．D．Takeyourtime．6．Smoking______inthekitcheninmyhouse.A．doesn’tallowB．didn’tallowC．isn’tallowedD．won’tallow7．—Therearen’tanytoysinoursuitcase．Wherehaveyouputthem?—Oh,no．Thatoldladysittingnexttous______havetakenoursbymistake.A．must B．could C．should D．would8．Mr.Smithdidn’tunderstand_____madehissonsoupsetthatevening.A．whatwasit B．whyitwasthis C．howthatwas D．whatitwasthat9．Jimtoldusallthat_______hesaidsoatthemeetingwasright.A．all B．whatC．allthat D．that10．______thedeadline,theworkershadtoworkovertimetogetthejobfinished.A．Giving B．Given C．Havinggiven D．Togive11．Atonetime,sheisfine,________atanother,sheisabnormal.A．and B．or C．but D．so12．Thenewsupermarketannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday______________getabigprize.A．must B．willC．shall D．need13．Aftermakingthespeech,hewentthroughitinhismindtoreflectwherehe_________better.A．coulddo B．woulddo C．couldhavedone D．wouldhavedone14．—WhatdoyouthinkofPutin?—Heisanoutstandingleaderwho_______hisreputation.A．looksoutforB．comesupwithC．livesuptoD．looksforwardto15．Howlongdoyousupposeitis________________hearrivedandbegantoworkthere？A．when B．beforeC．after D．since16．Itreallymatters_______hetreatedthelatestfailure,fortheexaminationisaroundthecorner.A．if B．thatC．why D．how17．I’mmostawfullygratefultoyou.Ican’tthinkwhatI________withoutyou.A．coulddo B．woulddoC．shouldhavedone D．musthavedone18．—Lucy,couldyoupleasesparemeafewminutes?一,butIhope“afewminutes”,won’tturnintoanhour.A．Itdoesn’tmatterB．That'skindofyouC．I’mafraidnotD．Iguessso19．It_____aSaturdayafternooninMay____Margaretcouldarrangeformetomeetherelder,sister.A．wasuntil;whenB．wasuntil;thatC．wasnotuntil;whenD．wasnotuntil;that20．________theconcerttoraisemoneyforhungerreliefandtomakethepublicawareoftheproblem,Geldofinvitedmanyfamousmusicianstotakepartinit.A．Intended B．Intending C．Havingintended D．Tointend第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Nostudentofaforeignlanguageneedstobetoldthatgrammariscomplex.Bychangingtheorderofthewordsandbyaddingarangeofauxiliaryverbs(助动词)andsuffixes(后缀),wecanturnastatementintoaquestion,statewhetheranactionhastakenplaceorissoontotakeplace,andperformmanyotherwordtrickstoconveydifferentmeanings.However,thequestionwhichmanylanguageexpertscan’tunderstandandexplainis—whocreatedgrammar?SomerecentlanguagesevolvedduetotheAtlanticslavetrade.Sincetheslavesdidn’tknoweachother’slanguages,theydevelopedamake-shiftlanguagecalledapidgin.Pidginsarestringsofwordscopiedfromthelanguageofthelandowners.Theyhavelittleinthewayofgrammar,andspeakersneedtousetoomanywordstomaketheirmeaningunderstood.Interestingly,however,allittakesforapidgintobecomeacomplexlanguageisforagroupofchildrentobeexposedtoitatthetimewhentheylearntheirmothertongue.Slavechildrendidn’tsimplycopythestringsofwordsusedbytheirelders.Theyadaptedtheirwordstocreateanexpressivelanguage.Inthiswaycomplexgrammarsystemswhichcomefrompidginswereinvented.Furtherevidencecanbeseeninstudyingsignlanguagesforthedeaf.Signlanguagesarenotsimplyagroupofgestures;theyusethesamegrammaticalmachinerythatisfoundinspokenlanguages.ThecreationofonesuchlanguagewasdocumentedquiterecentlyinNicaragua.Previously,althoughdeafchildrenweretaughtspeechandlipreadingintheclassrooms,intheplaygroundstheybegantoinventtheirownsignsystem,usingthegesturestheyusedathome.Itwasbasicallyapidginandtherewasnoconsistentgrammar.However,anewsystemwasbornwhenchildrenwhojoinedtheschoollaterdevelopedaquitedifferentsignlanguage.Itwasbasedonthesignsoftheolderchildren,butitwasshorterandeasiertounderstand,andithadalargerangeofspecialuseofgrammartoclarifythemeaning.What’smore,theyallusedthesignsinthesameway.Sotheoriginalpidginwasgreatlyimproved.Mostexpertsbelievethatmanyofthelanguageswerepidginsatfirst.Theywereinitiallyusedindifferentgroupsofpeoplewithoutstandardizationandgraduallyevolvedintoawidelyacceptedsystem.TheEnglishpasttense—“ed”ending—mayhaveevolvedfromtheverb“do”.“Itended”mayoncehavebeen“Itend-did”.Itseemsthatchildrenhavegrammaticalmachineryintheirbrains.Theirmindscanservetocreatelogicalandcomplexstructures,evenwhenthereisnogrammarpresentforthemtocopy.1、Whatcanbeinferredabouttheslaves’pidginlanguage?A．Itwasdifficulttounderstand.B．Itcamefromdifferentlanguages.C．Itwascreatedbythelandowners.D．Itcontainedhighlycomplexgrammar.2、WhatisthecharacteristicofthenewNicaraguansignlanguage?A．Noconsistentsignswereusedforcommunication.B．Mostofthegesturesweremadeforeverydayactivities.C．Thehandmovementsweresmootherandmoreattractive.D．Themeaningwasclearerthantheprevioussignlanguage.3、Whichideadoestheauthorpresentinthelastparagraph?A．Englishgrammarofpasttensesystemisinaccurate.B．ChildrensayEnglishpasttensedifferentlyfromadults.C．ThethoughtthatEnglishwasonceapidginisacceptable.D．ExpertshaveproventhatEnglishwascreatedbychildren.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheCreatorsofGrammarB．TheHistoryofLanguagesC．WhyPidginsCameintoBeingD．HowGrammarSystemsAreUsed22．（8分）BillGatesrecentlyhaspredictedthatonlinelearningwillmakeplace-basedcollegeslesssignificant,andfiveyearsfromnow,studentswillbeabletofindthebestlecturesintheworldonline.IapplaudMr.Gates.Butwhat’stakingussolong?Asearlyas1997,MIT(麻省理工)decidedtopostvideosofalluniversitylecturesonline,forfree,forallpeople.Buttoday,howmanystudentshaveyoumetwhomasteredadvancedmathematicsornuclearphysicsfromanMITonlinevideo?Unfortunately,theanswerisnotmany.Theproblemisthepoorqualityofonlineeducationwebsitesandtheexperiencetheyprovidetostudents.ThosewhogototheMITwebsiteandwatchcoursesonlinearesurelyverysmartpeople,butit’snotlikeplayingavideogamesuchasWorldofWarcraft.Onlythemostardentstudents,thosewhoarehighlymotivated,willdevotethemselvestostudyingtheseboringonlinevideos.Therealquestioniswhywearen’tspendingmoretodevelopbetteronlineeducationplatforms.WhereistheAvatarofeducation?Thinkaboutthis.ThemarketforHollywoodfilmsperyeariswortharound30billionUSD．Educationintheworldisatrillion-dollar-a-yearmarket,hundredsoftimesbiggerthanHollywoodmovies.Yetthemostexpensivedigitallearningsystemeverbuiltcostwellunder100milliondollars.BillGates’predictionisgoingtohappen.Thereisnodoubtaboutit.Butitwillonlyhappenwhenwecreatehighleveleducationalcontentandexperiencesthatengageandexcitemorethanhaseverbeenpossibleintherealworld.1、WhathasBillGatesforecastaboutonlinelearning?A．ItwillconcentrateonphysicslecturesB．ItwillcompletelyreplacerealuniversitiesC．ItwillhelptomakeuniversitiesmoresuccessfulD．Itwillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleineducation2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ardent”inParagraph3mean?A．CreativeB．EnthusiasticC．Well-behavedD．Experienced3、Accordingtotheauthor,whatisholdingbackthepopularityofonlinelearning?A．ThelackoflecturesavailableonlineB．ThehighcostofaccesstothewebsitesC．ThelowstandardofeducationalwebsitesD．Thecompetitionwithonlinecomputergames4、WhydoestheauthormentionHollywood?A．ToshowthatHollywoodproducesmanysuccessfulmoviesB．ToprovethateducationismoreprofitablethanentertainmentC．ToarguethatmoviedirectorsshouldproduceeducationalcontentD．Tourgethatmoremoneybespentdevelopingeducationalwebsites23．（8分）Whatwillpoweryourhouseinthefuture?Nuclearwindorsolarpower?AccordingtoscientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUS,itmightbeartificialleaves.Naturalleavesareabletochangesunlightandwaterintoenergy.Itisknownas

photosynthesis

(光合作用).Nowresearchershavefoundawaytoimitatethisprocess.TheartificialleafdevelopedbyDanielNoceraandhiscolleaguesatMITcanbeseenasaspecial

siliconchipwith

catalysts(催化剂).Similartonaturalleaves,itcansplitwaterintohydrogen

andoxygenwhenputintoabucketofwater.Thehydrogenandoxygengasesarethenstoredinafuel

cell

(电池),usingthosetwomaterialstoproduceelectricity,locatedeitherontopofahouseorbesidethehouse.Thoughtheleafisonlyabouttheshapeofapokercard,scientistsclaimedthatitispromisingtobean

inexpensivesourceofelectricityindevelopingcountries.“OnecanimaginevillagesinIndiaandAfricanotlongfromnowpurchasinganaffordablebasicpowersystembasedonthistechnology”saidanAmericanscientist,Nocera.Anartificialleafisnotanewidea.Thefirstartificialleafwasinventedin1997butwastooexpensive

andunstableforpracticaluse.Thenewleaf,however,ismadeofcheapmaterials,easytouseandhighlystable.Inlaboratorystudies,Nocerashowedthatanartificialleafcouldoperate

continuouslyforatleast45hours.ThewonderfulimprovementscomefromNocera’srecentdiscoveryofseveralpowerfulnew,

inexpensivecatalysts.Thesecatalystsmaketheenergy

transformationinsidetheleafmore

efficientwithwaterandsunlight.Rightnowthenewleafisabout10timesmoreeffectiveatcarryingoutphotosynthesisthananaturalone.Besides,thedevicecanruninwhateverwaterisavailable.

Thisisimportantforsomecountriesthatdon’thaveaccesstopurewater.Hopefully,eachhomecouldhaveaccesstothenewapplicationinthefuture.1、Thepurposeofthisarticleisto________.A．introduceanewkindofdeviceB．askpeopletodotheresearchC．advertisethenewproductD．showtheprocessofphotosynthesis2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantagesofthenewleaf?A．It’slowincost.B．It’ssmallinsize.C．Ithasawonderfulfuelcell.D．It’sconvenientforpeopletouse.3、Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?A．Nocerathoughtthenewleafisexpensivefordevelopingcountries.B．VillagesinAfricahavebenefitedalotfromthenewinvention.C．Siliconchipcanhelpthenewleafworkmoreeffectively.D．Theequipmentdoesn’tnecessarilyoperateinpurewater.4、What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsthenewdevice?A．Negative.B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.D．Uncertain.5、Accordingtothetext,whatwilltakeplaceinthefuture?A．Naturalleaveswilltaketheplaceofartificialleaves.B．Scientistswilldevelopmorewaystoproduceenergy.C．Thenewinventioncouldbewidelyusedinthefuture.D．Developingcountrieswillcontributemoretotheresearch.24．（8分）EverydayIseeadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebusesclaimingthatitiseasyandquicktolearnEnglish.ThereisevenareferencetoWilliamShakespeareorCharlesDickenstoencouragelearnersevenmore.WhenIseeadvertisementslikethis,Idon’tknowwhethertolaughorcry.Butmanypeoplemustbelievetheseridiculousclaims,orelsetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.OfcourseitisclearthatstudentswhogotoEnglandtolearnEnglishhaveagreatadvantageoverothers,buttoomanycannotaffordtodoso.Somegototheoppositeextremeandthinktheycanteachthemselvesathomewithdictionaries.ButitiswrongtoassumethateachwordinEnglishhasapreciseequivalentinanotherlanguage,letaloneproducesgoodpronunciationandintonation.Mostteachingisstillbasedonbehavioristpsychology.Behavioristsarefondofmakingstudentsrepeatphrasesandmakingsentences.Ifwewereparrotsorchimpanzees,thesemethodsmightbesuccessful.Alargenumberoftheoristsseemtothinkitisapitywearen’t,becauseitwouldmakeiteasiertousetheirmethods.Inmypersonalopinion,noonecaneverlearntospeakEnglishoranyotherlanguageunlessheisinterestedinit.Humanbeings,unlikeparrotsandchimpanzees,donotlikemakingnoisesunlesstheyunderstandwhatthenoisesmeanandcanrelatethemtotheirownlives.Itisworthrememberingthatlanguageisameansofcommunication.Whattheylistentoandreadcannotbeaformula.Itmustbereal.Thereisanotherrelevantpointworthmentioninghere.Weneedotherpeopletotalktoandlistentowhenwecommunicate.Theycanworkwithusandpracticetheunfamiliarformswithusinrealsituations,talkingtoeachotheraboutreallifelanguage.1、Manypeoplebelieveadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebusesprobablybecause.A．theyareencouragedbyWilliamShakespeareorCharlesDickensB．theyareeagertolearnandthenbelievethemC．thewaysadvertisedcanhelpthemtosavetimeandeffortsD．thewaysadvertisedproveeffectiveandhelpful2、WhatmaybehavioristsarguetowardsEnglishlearning?A．Humanbeingsmakemoreinterestingnoisesthanparrotsandchimpanzees.B．Humanbeingsshouldrelatetheirspeechtotheirownlives.C．Languageisaformulawithlotsofrepetitionsandpractices.D．Languageisameansofcommunication.3、Whatopiniondoestheauthorhold?A．Aquickmethodthatsuitsallthestudentsdoesexist.B．Englishcanbemasteredwithinaveryshortperiodoftime.C．EachwordinEnglishhasapreciseequivalentinanotherlanguage.D．NoonecanlearnEnglishwellwithoutbeinginterestedinit.4、Whatwaysoflearningissuggestedbytheauthor?A．Studyabroad.B．Learncommunicativelyandsituationally.C．Followthebehaviorists’approach.D．Teachoneselfathomewithdictionaries.25．（10分）Long,longagotherewerealotofdonkeys.Thedonkeysworkedhardeveryday.Theyhadnotimetoplayortorelax,buttheyneverfeltappreciatedfortheworktheydid.Onedaytwodonkeysgotbored.Theywantedtoliveacomfortablelife,sothedonkeyswenttoseeawiseoldman.Theytoldhimtheirproblem.Thewiseoldmanagreedtheyworkedtoohard,andhewantedtohelpthedonkeys.“Ihaveanidea,”hesaid.“Whatisyouridea?”askedthedonkeys.“Iwillpaintyouandnoonewillknowyouaredonkeys,”saidtheman.Themanwentofftofindsomepaintandhereturnedinjustamatterofminutes.Hehadtwopotsofpaints.Onepotwasfilledwithwhitepaint,andtheotherblackpaint.Theoldmanfirstpaintedthemwhite,andthenpaintedstripes(斑纹)overthewhitepaint.Whenhefinished,thedonkeysdidnotlooklikedonkeysatall.“Younolongerlooklikedonkeys,”theoldmansaid.“Everyonewillbefooled.Iwillcallyousomethingelse,zebras.”Thezebraswenttoafieldtoeatgrass.Nowtheydidnothavetowork.Soon,otherdonkeyssawthezebras.Theyaskedthezebraswheretheycamefrom.Whenthezebrastoldthedonkeystheirsecret,thedonkeysallrushedtoseetheoldman.“Pleasemakeusintozebras,too,”theypleaded.Sothewiseoldmanpaintedmoredonkeys.Ashedid,moreandmoredonkeyscame.Theoldmancouldnotpaintfastenough.Soonthedonkeysbecameimpatient.Theybegantokickabout,andtheyknockedoverthepaintpots.Therewasnomorepaint.Thepainteddonkeysranofftobecomezebras.Theunpainteddonkeys,becauseoftheirimpatience,hadtoreturntowork.1、Thetwodonkeyswenttoseeawiseoldmaninorderto________.A．askhimforhelpB．becomepatientC．changeintozebrasD．haveashortrest2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pleaded”(inParagraph9)mean?A．relaxedB．knockedC．beggedD．agreed3、Whatfinallyhappenedtotheimpatientdonkeys?A．Theywerestilldonkeysworkinghardallthetime.B．Theylookedforanotherwisemantopaintthem.C．Theywonpraisefortheworktheydid.D．Theyhatedthezebrasandfoughtwiththem.4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Bothdonkeysandzebrashadtoworkhard.B．Beingpatientisveryimportant.C．Thewiseoldmanwaskilledbytheseimpatientdonkeys.D．Thereisalwaysagoodwaynottoworkhard.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Oneday,aprofessorenteredtheclassroomandaskedhisstudentstoprepareforasurprisetest.Theywaitedanxiouslyattheirdesksforthetesttobegin.Theprofessor1thequestionpapers,withthetextfacingdownasusual.2hehandedthemallout,heaskedhisstudentsto3thepageandbegin.Toeveryone’ssurprise,therewereno4,justablackdot(点）inthecenterofthepage.Theprofessor,seeingtheexpressiononcvciyone’sface,toldthemthefollowing:“Iwantyoutowritewhatyou5there."Thestudents,thoroughly6,gotstartedontheinexplicable(费解的）taskAttheendoftheclass,theprofessor7alltheanswerpapersandstartedreadingeachoneofthemaloudinfrontofallthestudents.Allofthem,withno8，describedtheblackdot,tryingtoexplainitspositioninthemiddleofthesheet,etc.Afterallhadbeen9,theclassroomwassilent,theprofessorbegantoexplain:“I’mnotgoingtogradethis.I10wantedtogiveyousomethingtothinkaboutNoonewroteaboutthe11partofthepaper.Everyonefocusedontheblackdot,andthesamehappensinour12.Wehaveawhitepapertoobserveand13,butwealwaysfocusonthedarkspots.Ourlifeisa14giventouswithloveandciurandwealways15tocelebrate:naturerenewingitselftveryday，ourfriendsaroundus,thejob16ourbreadandbutterandthemiraclesweseeevoyday.17,weinsistonfocusingonlyonthedarkspots:thehealthissuesthatbotherus.thelackofmoney,the18relationshipwithcolleagues,the19withafriend,andetc.Thedarkspotsarevery20comparedtoeverythingwehaveinourlives,buttheyaretheonesthatpolluteourminds.1、A．turnedup B．handedout C．referredto D．pointedat2、A．Since B．Until C．If D．After3、A．turn B．shut C．open D．use4、A．exercises B．choices C．questions D．scores5、A．remember B．imagine C．study D．see6、A．surprised B．confused C．curious D．displeased7、A．marked B．finished C．collected D．selected8、A．excuse B．way C．explanation D．exception9、A．read B．answered C．returned D．said10、A．also B．just C．even D．finally11、A．big B．black C．white D．beautiful12、A．studies B．classrooms C．colleges D．lives13、A．enjoy B．keep C．send D．show14、A．burden B．gift C．pressure D．lesson15、A．reasons B．lime C．freedom D．festivals16、A．threatens B．ruins C．provides D．changes17、A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Moreover18、A．close B．tough C．special D．strong19、A．stay B．touch C．satisfaction D．disappointment20、A．dark B．round C．small D．dirty第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）WangPengfeltvery1．(frustrate)whenhesawthattherewerefewcustomersinhisrestaurant,becausebythenhisrestaurant2．tobefullofpeople.3．hisfrienddidn’tcometoeatinhisrestaurant.WangPengwantedtofindoutwhy,4．hefollowedLiChangintoanewrestaurant.Therehesawasign.5．(curious)drovehimtoentertherestaurant,wherethehostessgavehimamenu,6．showedthattherestaurantonlyservedrice,rawvegetables,fruit,andwater.WangPengthoughtYongHui7．(tell)liesandhecouldn’thaveher8．(get)awaywithit.Healsothoughtwithadiscounthecouldwincustomers9．.Sohewroteasign,too.Andthe10．betweenthetworestaurantswason!第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）ThismorningIwenttoanearbyfoodstoretobuysomebreads、Afterthemaninthestorepackingthebreadinasmallbagforme,Ibegantowalkhomewithbaginmyhand、OnthewayImetmynext-doorneighbor,MissWang,thatwaswalkingherdog、Wegreetedwitheachotherandbegintotalkabouttheweather、Asweweretalking,hisdogcameupatthebaginmyhandthoughthebreadgaveoffadelicioussmell、A