外研版八年级下 M3 Journey to space

外研版八年级下册Module3Journeytothespace知识点详解besurethat确信……intheuniverse在宇宙inspace在太空中onEarth=ontheearth在地球上;onthemoon在月球上onbusiness因公(出差)(be)onthenews上新闻（节目）journeytospace太空之旅thelatestnews最新消息millionsofyears数百万年goaround围绕…….旋转；severalmonths=afewmonths几个月as…as…(as+adj./adv+as表示：和…一样)；notso/as…as…和……不一样noone没有人。指人，不能与of连用none没有。指人或物，能与of连用(三者或三者以上)noneof+n复+V单enough形容词/副词在前，名词在后todosthbeupto用于非正式场合,意为:“忙于…”“正在干…”,“从事着…”.It’sadj./n.(for/of）sb.todosth.做……很……problem与questionproblem指说话者认为难以解决的问题，它与动词solve或settle（解决）搭配。question指说话者需要寻找答案的问题，它常与动词ask或answer连用。Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.MayIaskyousomequestions？Theyhavesome________aboutgettingthere.A.questions B.problems C.question D.problem“到达”的表达法：arrivein+大地点 gettospreach+spat+小地点 (gethome\here\there)Willyou___thestationatten?A.getto B.reachto C.arrive D.getTheyarrived___London___acoldwinternight.A.at,in B.in,on C.at,on D.in,atThoseforeignvisitors___ourcitythedaybeforeyesterday.A.arrived B.reached C.reachedto D.gotinIt/事takessb.+st.todosth.物/事情cost人+sm./st.人pay（金钱）for物.人spendsm./st. （in）doingsth.onsth表示地点的介词短语Howmuchdidyou______forthedictionary?--£12.A.buy B.spend C.cost D.pay---It____theChinesepeopleeightyearstobuildtheThreeGorgesDam（三峡大坝）.---Howgreat!A.spends B.costs C.paid D.tookAndsmokershavetospendalotofmoney

____cigarettes(香烟).SoIthinkitisabadhabit.A.buy

B.good

C.famous

D.onIttakesalotofmoney________(buy)ahouse.Theyspenttwoyears________(build)thisbridgeThebook______metenyuan.Howoften,Howsoon,Howlong：howoften常用于询问某动作在单位时间内所发生的次数，是对频度时间状语提问的词语。频度时间状语可以是often,usually,always,sometimes,never等副词，也可以是onceaweek,threetimesamonth等副词短语。与howoften相似的短语howmanytimes（多少次），后面常跟限定的时间，如：howmanytimesaweek/aday/amonth/ayear,并且要回答出次数。---Howmanytimesaweekdoesheplaybasketball?---Heplaysbasketballthreetimesaweek.howsoon（多久）主要用来询问某个动作在多久的将来发生，即多久，多快。它常用在将来时态中，并且用in短语（表示再过多长时间）回答。---Howsoonwillhebeback?---Hewillbebackinamonth.howlong（多久），主要用来询问某个动作或状态所持续的时间。howlong在对句子中带有for或since等表示持续性的时间状语提问时，谓语动词不能是终止性动词。---HowlongareyoustayinginNewYork?---Fortwoyears.重点句型Whatareyouupto?你在忙什么？(相当于Whatareyoudoing?)That’swhyitisonthenews.那就是为什么新闻中有。Itishardtounderstandhowlargetheuniverseis.很难理解宇宙有多大。Ithastakenseveralmonthstogetthere.到达那里要花几个月时间。Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifeonearthformillionsofyears。科学家认为地球上存在生命已经数百万年了。TheEarthisaplanetanditgoesaroundtheSun.SevenotherplanetsalsogoaroundtheSun.地球是行星，它围绕着太阳转。还有七颗行星也围绕着太阳转。

语法：现在完成时2现在完成时与一般过去式的区别强调的方面不同：现在完成时强调过去完成的动作对现在的影响。而一般过去式表示过去某个时间点发生的一件事，不强调其对现在的影响，只是简单地描述过去的一个动作或状态。例句： 1.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。（强调我现在没有化学书用）2.Ilostmychemistrybookjustnow.我刚丢了我的化学书。（只是简单描述我刚把书弄丢了，没强调对现在的影响）标志词（时间状语）不同：一般过去式时间状语：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterdaylast+时间,时间+ago,justnow,amomentago,in+过去的时间现在完成时时间状语：already,yet,ever,never,just,twice,threetimesfor+一段时间，since+时间点/从句用词的适当形式填空Yourfather_________just___________(finish)hiswork.He______________(come)toourschoollastyear/in2008.They_______________(cook)thesupperalready.They___________(cook)thesupperhalfanhourago.---“_________he___________(finish)hishomework?”---“Notyet.”---“_________theyever__________(be)toBeijing?”---“Yes,justonce.”LasttermI__________(learn)manyEnglishwords.They____________(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.____________youever____________(drink)coke?Bothofthem________________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.We_____________already______________(return)thebook.I______________(buy)abookjustnow.I______________(lose)mywatchyesterday.---“__________you___________(buy)adictionary?”---“Yes,I________.”---“Where_______you__________(buy)it?”---“I__________(buy)itinabookstore.---“When___________you_____________(buy)it?”---“Yesterday.”---“_________you_________(have)lunch?”---“Yes.”---“When_______you________(have)it?---“I_____(have)itat12:00.”---“_________you__________(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”---“Yes,I___________.I_______(write)onelastweek.”划线提问Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook?havegoneto/havebeento/havebeenin的区别：have/hasbeenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已有三天了。此外还有这些搭配：havebeenhere(there)/abroad/athome(school)/onthefarmhave/hasbeento表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just,ever,never等连用，have/hasbeento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。 例如： Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去过北京三次。have/hasgoneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。例如：---WhereisTom?---Hehasgonetothebookshop.用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanA:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanB:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce. 用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。---WhereisJack?---He______________hiscountry.David_________________theparkjustnow.John________________Englandsincehecameback.Howlong________you_________thisvillage?TheSmiths___________Beijingforyears.---_______youever________America?---Yes,I____________theremanytimes.I__________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.---WhereisJim?---He______________thefarm.---When________he_________?---He_________anhourago.Myparents_________________Shandongfortenyears.

ExercisesforModule3单选---Hi,Tony.Whatareyou____to?---I’vejustwatchedavideo.A.on B.up C.down D.forTheGreenfamilyhavealready______Beijing?A.reach B.reached C.arrived D.gotIhaven’theardfromJim______.A.already B.ever C.yet D.justWehaven’t_____whobroketheglass.A.discovered B.foundout C.invented D.lookedforHe_______myhometownmanytimes,soheknownitwell.A.hasbeenin B.hasgoneto C.hasbeento D.hasbeen---MayIspeaktoJohn?---Sorry,he______Japan.Buthe_____intwodays.A.hasbeento,willcomeback B.hasgoneto,willbebackC.hasbeenin,wouldcomeback D.hasgoneto,won'tcomehackChina_________theWTO10yearsagoand_______anewmemberofit.A.joined,hasbecome B.join,becomeC.willjoin,become D.hasjoined,hasbecomeI______mysisterfortwoyears.A.see B.havesee C.havenotseen D.saw---Wherehaveyou______thesedays?---I_____toDazhuwithmyfriends.A.been,gone B.been,been C.gone,been D.gone,gone---____totheUnitedStates?---No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.Haveyoubeen B.Haveyougone C.Didyougo D.Willyougo______he_______thedoctorthedaybeforeyesterday?A.Has,seen B.Did,see C.Does,see D.Have,seenJim'sbeentotheGreatwallbefore,__________he?A.isn't

B.has

C.hasn't

D.doesn'tShe'sneverbeentoEngland,_______she?A.has

B.hasn't

C.isn't

D.isThey________Chinafortwoyears

A.havebeen

to

B.have

been

in C.have

goneto

D.have

come

toMr.Greenisn'tintheoffice,He__________tothelibraryA.has

gone

B.went

C.has

been

D.will

goFive________dollarsis_________money.A.million,alotof B.millions,alotofC.millionof,much D.millionsof,many.Thishouseis__________thatone.A.solargeas B.aslargeras C.aslargestas D.aslargeas---Whatdoyouthinkofthisfilm?—Ithinkitisn’tthatone.A.asmoreinterestingas B.moreasinterestingasC.asinterestingas D.asmostinterestingas---WhoteachesyouEnglish?---_________.IlearnEnglishbymyself.A.No B.Noone C.Neither D.None---Howmanypeoplearethereintheclassroomthen?---_________.A.No B.Noone C.Neither D.NoneIhaveheard_______aboutMr.Brown.A.alotof B.lotsof C.alot D.alotsofIt’stwokilometersthisshop.A.farfrom B.farawayfrom C.far D.awayfromDoyoufinishtheletter?A.towrite B.writes C.write D.writingHedidn’tfinishhishomework.heistoobusy.A.Maybe B.Maybe C.Though D.But---I’msorryI_________myhomeworkathome..---That’sallright.Don’tforget_____________ittoschoolthisafternoon.A.forgot,tobring B.forgot,totake C.left,totake D.left,tobring单词拼写Ihearthey’vegonetoShanghaionb___________.TherehasbeenlifeonEarthform_________ofyears.Sevenotherplanetsalsogor_________theSun.However,noonehasd___________anylifeinspaceyet.Whyhasnoonefromotherplanetssentusi_________?Heisafamousa_________.Hehasbeentothemoon.Itisi_________tofinishalltheworkinanhour!Itisourdutytoprotectthee_________.Iwishwecouldc_________withlifeintheuniverseoneday.Youcan_________(借)it..用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空---_______you_______(see)thisfilmbefore?---Yes,I_______(see)itlastFriday?---_______you_______(do)yourhomeworkyet?---Notyet.I________(do)itnow.---Jim,______you______(find)yourwatch?---Yes,Ihave.I________(find)ityesterday.I____________(visit)Hangzhouonce.I_________(visit)itamonthago.Tom_________(notfinish)hishomework.He_________(finish)itnextSunday.句型转换Theyhavelivedherefor10years.（划线部分提问）______________havetheylivedhere?Ithastakenhimtwohourstodrawthepicture.（同义句转换）Hehas_________twohours_________thepicture.Canyoutellmehowtoreachthere?(写出同义句)Canyoutellmehowto_________there?Maryhasalreadysavedsomemoney.（改为否定句）Mary_________saved_________money_________.Astronautswillbebacktothespacestationinafewdays.（划线部分提问）___________________________Astronautsbebacktothespacestation?完成句子太空中有数十亿的行星。Thereare__________________planetsinspace.老师告诉我们月亮围绕地球转。Theteachertoldusthatthemoon__________________theearth.如果你有任何问题，你可以和你的老师交流一下。Ifyouhaveanyquestion,youcan__________________yourteacher.他在上海已经住了超过二十多年了。HehaslivedinShanghaifor__________________twentyyears.火星离地球很远。Marsisvery___________________________theearth.Theyhavelivedherefor10years.（划线部分提问）__________________havetheylivedhere?Ithastakenhimtwohourstodrawthepicture.（同义句转换）Hehas_________twohours_________thepicture.Katehasalreadyreadthebook.（改为一般疑问句）_________Katereadthebook_________?Maryhasalreadysavedsomemoney.（改为否定句）Mary_________saved_________moneyyet.Astronautshavealreadybeentothespacestation.（划线部分提问）__________haveastronauts_________?完形填空At9:00amonOctober15,2003,ourcountrylaunched(发射)itsfirstspaceship,ShenzhouⅤ,intospaceatJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentre.IttookYangLiweiandhisspaceshipabout21hours__1__theearth14times.YangLiweiisChina’sfirstastronaut.He__2__LiaoningProvinceand__3__anairforcepilot(飞行员)since1983.Hewaschosen__4__14pilotsaftermanydifficulttests.Thelifeofanastronautishardtoimagineformanypeople.__5__onaspacesuittakeshim15minuteswiththehelpofothers.Sleepinginspaceisnoteasy,__6__.He__7__sleepinaspecialsleepingbagonthewallbecausethereisnogravity(重力).Yangcaneatchickenandrice.It’sspeciallymade__8__inspacebuttastesjustliketherealthing.“I‘mfeelingverygoodinspace,anditlookswonderfulhere,”saidYang.”Ihavelookedatourbeautifulearthandrecorded__9__Ihaveseenthere.”Chinahasbecomethethirdcountryintheworldtosendapersonintospace.Weareall__10__ourmother-land.A.circled B.circling C.tocircle D.circleA.wasborn B.cameto C.comesfrom D.gavebirthtoA.hasbeen B.was C.are D.inA.of B.for C.in D.fromA.Toputting B.Put C.Puts D.ToputA.too B.also C.aswell D.eitherA.must B.hasto C.may D.canA.toeat B.eat C.ate D.eatupA.which B.what C.where D.whenA.prideof B.pridein C.proudof D.proudin阅读理解Intheuniverse,asweallknow,thereisthesun,themoon,theearthandagoodmanystars.Throughourgeographylessons,weknowtheearthgoesaroundthesun,andthemoongoesaroundtheearth.Wehavedayandnightbecausetheearthkeepsturningallthetime.Whenourpartoftheearthturnstothesun,itisday.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,itisnight.Justbecausethemoonisclosertotheearththanthesun,itlooksmuchbiggerthanthesun.Bigthingswilllooksmallerwhentheyarefurther,andsmallthingsalsolookbiggerwhentheyarenearer.Thesunisbigenoughtogiveoutverystronglight.Themooncan’tgiveanylightatall,butitlooksquitebright,too.Why?Infact,thelightfromthemooncomesfromthesun.Themoonlooksmuchbiggerandbrighterthanthestars.Butactually(事实上)thestarsaremuchbiggerandbrighterthanthemoon.Theylooksmallerthanthemoonalsobecausetheyarefurtherawayfromtheearth.Therearemanyotherplanetsintheuniverse.Butofalltheplanets,onlyontheearththerearelivingthingsandpeoplecanonlyliveontheearth,too.Butat9:00a.m.onOctober15th，2003,ChinesepilotYangLiweiwassentuptospace.Hestayedtherefor21hours.ItwasthefirsttimeforChinesetogetintospace.Wefindthesunisthanthemoonbecauseitistous.A.bigger;farther B.smaller;closer C.bigger;closer D.smaller;fartherWhenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,theotherpartoftheearthis.A.night B.day C.evening D.SundayPeopleandlivingthingscanliveonthe.A.earth B.Mars C.moon D.sunWhendidthepilotfromourcountryreturntotheearth?A.OnNovember15th,2002. B.OnOctober16th,2003.C.OnMay15th,2004. D.OnOctober15th,2003.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Themoongoesaroundtheearth,anditcan’tgiveoutanylightatall.B.Themoongoesaroundthesun,anditslightisfromthesun.C.Theearthmovesaroundthemoon,andpeoplecanliveonlyontheearth.D.Ofalltheplanets,onlytheearthmovesaroundthesun.综合填空Travelcanteachkidsmorethanatextbook.Travellingwithkidsisgoodf__1__them.Theycanfindnewinterests.Travelmakesinformationaliveforkids,andmakesitmuchmoreexcitingthanstudyingtextbooksord__2__experimentsinthelab.Whiletravelling,theylearnh__3__todealwithnewsituations,andcommunicatewithotherpeople.Theylearnpatience,becausesometimesi__4__takesalongtimetogettosomeexcitingorinterestingplaces.I’v