过去分词做表语和状语 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit5

MusicDiscoveringUsefulStructuresMadebyErinLead-in非谓语谓语过去分词done动词现在分词doing不定式todo被动动作已完成主动动作正在进行动作未完成表目的特殊名词作定语作宾补非谓语——过去分词(done)过去分词作状语过去分词作表语过去分词作状语BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.Movedbyhismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Underlinethepastparticiples.Observation主语谓语非谓语非谓语过去分词(done)主语谓语非谓语过去分词(done)ThinkingBornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.Movedbyhismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Discussthepastparticiples’functions.主语过去分词(done)主语过去分词(done)Whowasborn?Whowasmoved?逻辑主语逻辑主语表被动意义表被动意义WhitacrewasbornHewasmoved过去分词作状语过去分词作状语BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Movedbyhismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThinkingTurnthesentencesintoadverbialsentences.WhitacrewasbornintheUSAon2January1970,hebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.Hewasmovedbyhismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”过去分词作状语(省略主语)状语从句过去分词作状语(省略主语)状语从句WhitacrewasbornintheUSAon2January1970,Whitacre…BornintheUSAon2January1970,Whitacre…Hewasmovedbyhismusic,hesaidMovedbyhismusic,hesaid过去分词作状语(省略主语)状语从句简洁、凝练、正式过去分词作状语(省略主语)状语从句简洁、凝练、正式Knowledge非谓语动词中的过去分词(done)可以用来作状语，目的是为了让文体更加简洁、凝练、正式。过去分词作状语的两个关键点：过去分词的_________就是句子的主语；过去分词表达_____意义。可作的状语包括：时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。逻辑主语被动作原因状语Absorbedinpainting,thegirldidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.Becauseshewasabsorbedinpainting,thegirldidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.过去分词作原因状语时，相当于as,since,because等引导的时间状语从句。作时间状语Askedhowlonghehadbeenawayfromhisfamily,hesaiditwasonlytwodays.Whenhewasaskedhowlonghehadbeenawayfromhisfamily,hesaiditwasonlytwodays.过去分词作时间状语时，相当于when,while,after,once等引导的时间状语从句。作条件状语Givenoncemorechance,Iwouldn’tletmyparentsdown.IfIwasgivenmorechance,Iwouldn’tletmyparentsdown.过去分词作条件状语时，相当于if(如果),unless(除非)等引导的时间状语从句。Aone-year-oldboy,withasmileonhislips,learnstowalkinthepark,supportedbyPapa’shands.Aone-year-oldboy,withasmileonhislips,learnstowalkinthepark,andheissupportedbyPapa’shands.过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。作方式/伴随状语Beatenbytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheartandencouragedeachother.Thoughwewerebeatenbytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheartandencouragedeachother.过去分词作让步状语时，相当于though,although,evenif/eventhough等引导的时间状语从句。作让步状语注意事项过去分词作状语时，其前面刻一代有相应的连词，如when,though,although,asif,asthough,if,unless,until,once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。e.g.Whenaccompaniedbytheirparents,childrenareallowedtoenterthestadium.课堂专练Fionaattendedhergraduationceremony,___________(accompany)byherparents.As___________(mention)above,thefunctionofthedeviceiswonderful.___________(guide)bythesun,theywalkedtowardstheirdestinationthroughthewoods.accompaniedmentionedGuided伴随状语方式状语方式状语过去分词作表语Iaminterestedinrap.Shewasconfusedabouttheirfuture.Theaudiencewereamazedbythebeautifulmusic.Observethesentences.Observation过去分词(done)系动词主系表结构表语表语表语表语过去分词(done)过去分词(done)Knowledge非谓语动词中的过去分词(done)可以用来作表语，即当过去分词位于系动词之后，用来表示主语的状态或状况，此时便是过去分词作表语。体现的是形容词的特性。有的过去分词相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，如disappointed,discouraged,drunk,interested,tired,worried,excited等。过去分词作表语时，不强调动作，只用来表示主语的状态。注意事项系动词记忆口诀：“五感五变三保持，似乎是加形容词”五感__________________________________________________五变__________________________________________________三保持________________________________________________似乎__________________________________________________是____________________________________________________

feel,sound,look,smell,taste

become,get,grow,turn,go

keep,stay,remainappear,seem

be注意事项过去分词(done)与现在分词(ing)作表语的区别：过去分词表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，翻译为“感到……的”；现在分词表示事物具有的特性，翻译为“令人……的”。e.g.Shefeltexhaustedandsatbythestream,restingherachingfeet.e.g.hisspeechwasinspiringandtouchedmyheart.课堂专练I’mreallylongingtoget________(involve)inthecelebrationtobeheldnextSunday.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot________(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden.involvedswept表语表语课堂小结非谓语谓语过去分词done动词现在分词doing不定式todo被动动作已完成主动动作正在进行动作未完成表目的特殊名词作定语作宾补作状语作表语【2022∙全国乙卷】________(select)fromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.【2023∙浙江1月高考】IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,__________(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.链接高考Selectedsurrounded【2022∙全国甲卷】WhileIwas__________(thrill)thathewasananimallover,Iworriedthatthreedogswereperhapstoomany.【2021∙全国乙卷】Oncethedrinkis____