2023中考英语外刊阅读原创试题-中考英语备考资料重点知识点归纳

01：科学新知Futurefood-2023中考英语外刊原创题

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外刊原文：

主题语境：人与社会话题内容：未来人类食物语篇类

型说明文

Futurefood

InMarch2017,about25peoplewereinvitedtoakitcheninSanFrancisco,California,fora

tastingevent.Onthemenu?Friedchicken.k4ThisissomeofthebestfriedchickenI'veever

had,"oneguestsaid.

Thecompliment（夸赞）wasextraspecialconsideringthesourceofthemeat.Ithadbeen

growninalabbyscientistsfromMemphisMeats.Thecompanymakesmeatbysafelyextracting

（提取）cellsfromanimalssuchaschickens,ducks,andcows.Thenitfeedsthecellsnutrients（营

养物工Thosecellsgrowandmu熊汉y（增加），formingmuscle,whichismeat.

MemphisMeatsisoneofseveralcompaniesintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld

makingcellular（细胞的），orlab-grown,meat.Manypeoplethinkit'sbetterfortheplanetthan

raisinganimalsforfood.Othersaren'tsosure.

•WhyCellularMeat?

Theworld'spopulationmeetthatneed,Schulzetolddeforestation.

isexpectedtogrowtoneariyTIMEforKids.Butcellular-meat

10billionby2050,Traditionalmeatproductionrequiresfewer

accordingtotheUnitedproductionalsorequireslotscowsandlessland.Schulze

NationsFoodandofcows.AndcowsrdeasesaystheceDstakenduring

AgricultureOrganizationmethane（甲烷），agaswhichoneextractioncanmake

（FAO）.That'salmost2trapsheatintliemoremeatthan“anysingle

billionmorepeoplethanatmosphere,whichanimalcouldeverproduce/'

therearetoday.EricSchulzecontributestoclimateJusthowmuchlandis

isavicepresidentatchange.needed?”Youonlyneedthe

MemphisMeats.HethinksRaisingcowsandotherlandrequiredfbrthefacility

feedingsomanypeoplewilllivestocktakesupspace,（设备）“wherethemeatis

betough.FAOsayspeopletoo.Currently,77%ofthemade,ElliotSwartztold

couldeat73%moremeatinworld,sfarmlandisusedtoTFK.He'sascientistatthe

2050.“WithcurrentmeatgrowcropstofeedlivestockGoodFoodInstitute,a

productionmethods,thereorfortheanimalstograzegroupthatpromotescellular

aren'tenoughresources”on.Usingmorelandformeatandplant-based

suchaslandandwatertolivestockwillleadto“meat”.

Futurefood

InMarch2017,about25peoplewereinvitedtoakitcheninSanFrancisco,California,fora

tastingevent.Onthemenu?Friedchicken,"ThisissomeofthebestfriedchickenFveeverhad,"

oneguestsaid.

Thecomplimentwasextraspecialconsideringthesourceofthemeat.Ithadbeengrownina

labbyscientistsfromMemphisMeats.Thecompanymakesmeatbysafelyextractingcellsfrom

animalssuchaschickens,ducks,andcows.Thenitfeedsthecellsnutrients.Thosecellsgrowand

multiply,formingmuscle,whichismeat.MemphisMeatsisoneofseveralcompaniesinthe

UnitedStatesandaroundtheworldmakingcellular（细胞的），orlab-grown,meat.Manypeople

thinkit'sbetterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfood.Othersaren'tsosure.

WhyCellularMeat?

Theworld'spopulationsexpectedtogrowtonearly1obillionby2050,accordingtothe

UnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.That'salmost2billionmorepeoplethan

therearetoday.EricSchulzeisavicepresidentatMemphisMeats.Hethinksfeedingsomany

peoplewillbetough.FAOsayspeoplecouldeat73%moremeatin2050.nWithcurrentmeat

productionmethods,therearen'tenoughresourcessuchaslandandwatertomeetthatneed,

SchulzetoldTIMEforKids.

Traditionalmeatproductionalsorequireslotsofcows.Andcowsreleasemethane（甲烷），a

gaswhichtrapsheatintheatmosphere,whichcontributestoclimatechange.

Raisingcowsandotherlivestocktakesupspace,too.Currently,77%oftheworld'sfarmland

isusedtogrowcropstofeedlivestock（家畜）orfortheanimalstograzeon（掠过；吃）.Using

morelandforlivestockwillleadtodeforestation（采伐森林）.

Butcellular-meatproductionrequiresfewercowsandlessland.Schulzesaysthecellstaken

duringoneextractioncanmakemoremeatthananysingleanimalcouldeverproduce.Justhow

muchlandisneeded?”Youonlyneedthelandrequiredforthefacility“wherethemeatismade,

ElliotSwartztoldTFK.He'sascientistattheGoodFoodInstitute,agroupthatpromotescellular

meatandplant-basedmeat.

核心词汇：

1.complimentn./v.赞美,恭维

xHe'salwayscriticizingher,andneverpaysheracompliment.他总是批评她，从来也不恭维

一句。

xShecomplimentedhimonhisexcellentGerman.她琴奖他德语棒极了。

2.extractv.提取，提炼；摘录；获得

xUsefulchemicalscanbeextractedfromcoal.从煤中能提炼出有用的化学物质。

xLanguageteachersoftenextractexamplesfromgrammarbooks.

语言教师常从语法书里摘录例子。

3.nutrientn.营养物，营养品，养分，养料

^Plantsdrawmineralsandothernutrientsfromthesoil.

植物从土壤中吸取矿物质和其他养分。

4.multiplyv.乘；增加；繁殖

xThesecreaturescanmultiplyquickly.这些动物能迅速繁殖。

xThepopulationofthecityismultiplyingrapidly.该市人口正迅速地增加。

5.releasev.释放；公布n.释放；发行；排放

xThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.新软件计划四月份发行。

xTheseasstoreheatandreleaseitgraduallyduringcoldperiods

海洋储存热量，并在寒冷季节里慢慢地把它释放出来。

6.trapn.陷阱/夹子/罗网；圈套，骗局v.使陷入困境；设陷阱捕捉；诱骗，抓捕

xThefoxwascaughtinthetrap.狐狸在陷阱里被套住。

xHerfingergottrappedinthedoor.她的手指被门夹住了。

7.contributetov.有助于；促成；投稿；捐献；贡献

x|believethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld

我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。

xThestudyfoundthatthiskindof

foodcontributedtoweightloseordecreaseinbodyfat,.

研究发现，这种食物有助于减肥或减少体脂。”

8.takeup拿起；占用，占据；开始从事

xHowmuchroomw川thenewdesktakeup?新书桌会占据多大的空间？

xHewaseagertotakeupsomejob.他热切的要开始从事一些工作。

9.facilityn.设施；才能，天赋

xThehoteloffersawiderangeoffacilities.这家酒店提供各种各样的设施。

xShehasafacilityforlanguages.她有语言天赋。

10.promotev.促进；促销；晋升

xPhysicalactivitypromotesgoodhealth.体育活动促进身体健康。

xOnly13%thinktheyllgetpromoted.只有13%的员工认为他们会得到晋升

xThecompanyarest川promotingtheirnewproducts.这家公司还在促销他们的新产品。

参考译文1

2017年3月，大约有25人被邀请到加州旧金山的一间厨房参加一场品酒活动。有什么

在菜单上？炸鸡，“这是我吃过的最好的炸鸡之一，”一位客人说。

考虑到肉的来源，这种赞美是非常特别的。它是由孟菲斯肉类公司的科学家们在实验

室里种植的。该公司通过从鸡、鸭和牛等动物中安全提取细胞来生产肉类。然后它为细胞

提供营养物质。这些细胞生长和繁殖，形成肌肉，也就是肉。孟菲斯肉类公司是美国和世

界各地生产细胞或实验室种植肉类的公司之一。许多人认为这比饲养动物觅食对地球更好。

其他人则不那么确定。

为什么是细胞肉？

根据联合国粮农组织的数据，到2050年，世界人口预计将增长到近100亿。这比现在

多出了近20亿人。埃里克•舒尔策是孟菲斯肉类公司的副总裁。他认为养活这么多人会很

困难。粮农组织表示，到2050年，人们可以多吃73%的肉。舒尔茨告诉《儿童时代》杂志

说：“根据目前的肉类生产方法，目前还没有土地和水等足够的资源来满足这种需求。

传统的肉类生产也需要大量的奶牛。奶牛会释放甲烷，这是一种将热量困在大气中的

气体，从而导致气候变化。

饲养奶牛和其他牲畜也占用了空间。目前，世界上77%的农田用于种植或饲养牲畜。使

用更多的土地饲养牲畜将导致森林砍伐。

但是细胞肉的生产需要更少的奶牛和更少的土地。舒尔茨说，在一次提取过程中提取

的细胞所能产生的肉比任何一种动物都多。到底需要多少土地呢？埃利奥特•斯沃茨告诉

TFK,“你只需要工厂所需的土地就可以了。”他是美食研究所的科学家，这是一个促进

细胞肉和植物性肉的组织。

〔Vocabulary

I.TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.

1.safelyextractcellsfromanimals

2.1ab-grownmeat

3.trapheatintheatmosphere

4.contributetoclimatechange

5.takeupspace

6.grazeon

7.leadtodeforestation

8.plant-basednmeat

ILCompleteeachsentencewiththeproperformofthegivenwordsorphrases

contributetoinviteproduceraisereleaserequiresourcetrap

1.Smokinghisearlydeath.

2.OrangesareagoodofvitaminC.

3.Hepunchedthepillowinanefforttohisanger.

4.Youarebylawtostopyourcarafteranaccident.

5.Themeatfromapigiscalledpork,bacon,orham.

6.Agreenhousestayswarmbecausetheglasstheheatofthesun

7.Shealotofpeopletothepartybuthalfofthemdidn'tturnup.

8.Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbyhergrandparents.

Readingcomprehension

Choosethebestanswer.

1.Whatisspecialaboutthefriedchickenmentionedinpara.l?

A.Itismadebyextractingcellsfromplants.

B.Itismadebymeatwhichwasgrowninalabbyscientists.

C.Itisthemostdeliciousfriedchickenpeoplewilleverhave.

D.Onlythosewhowereinvitedtotryithadthechancetoeatit.

2.Accordingtothetext,thecellularmeatdiscussedis,

(1)alsocalledlab-grownmeat

(2)madebyextractingcellsfrompigs

(3)producedbyacompanynamedMemphisMeats

(4)betterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfood

A.(1)(3)B.(l)(4)C.(2)(3)D.(2)(4)

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedasareasonforturningtocellular

meat?

A.Therewillbealargerpopulationinthefuture.

B.Traditionalmeatproductionmethodsleadtothepollutionoftheenvironment.

C.Therewillcertainlybealackofresourcesifweareunabletofindnewmeatproduction

methods.

D.Traditionalmeatproductionmethodshavefailedtomeetpeople'sneedformeatintermsof

taste.

4.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat.

A.cellularmeatrequiresnolandforproduction

B.cellularmeatcanhelpwithenvironmentalproblems

C.everyonesupportscellularmeatbecauseitiseco-friendly

D.cellularmeatisthekeysolutiontotheproblemofagrowingpopulation

Sentensewriting

1.Manypeoplethinkit'sbetterfortheplanetthanraisinganimalsforfood.

句型:(doing)sthisbetterthan(doing)sth(做).•・比(做)..•更好

仿写:对于学生来说.早起比晚睡更好。

2.Theworld'spopulationisexpectedtogrowtonearlylobillionby2050,accordingtothe

UnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO).

句型1)beexpectedtodosth预计做某事

仿写1)肉类价格预计会上升。

句型2)accordingto...根据…

仿写2)根据调查，大多数学生假期会出去旅游。

【试题答案】

Vocabulary

I.

1.安全地从动物身上提取细胞

2.人造肉

3.在热量封存在大气中

4.导致气候变化

5.占用空间

6.吃/吃草

7.导致森林砍伐

8.素食“肉”/植物类的“肉”

II.

1.contributedto

2.source

3.release

4.required

5.produced

6.traps

7.invited

8.raised

Readingcomprehension

1-4BADB

Sentencewriting

1.Gettingupearlyisbetterthanstayinguplateforstudents.

2.1)Thepriceofmeatisexpectedtorise.

2)Accordingtothesurvey,moststudentswillgotravellingduringtheirvacation.

中考题型精选

短文首字母填空

Waystoreducefoodwaste

Foodwasteisabigproblemaroundtheworld.Whilesomepeoplet1awayunwantedfood,

lotsofpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldfacefoodshortages.

Inordertoreducefoodwaste,manyc2intheworldlikeGermanandFrancehavefood

banks.Peopleandgrocerystorescangiveextrafoodtothemandtheycangivethefoodtot3in

need.ShanghaiOasisopenedChina'sfirstfoodbankin2015.Infiveyears,itsavedsevenmillion

tonsoffoodandh4760,000people.

Manyfruitsandv5gotowastebecausetheylookugly.Forexample,about25to30

percentofcarrotsdon'tmakeittothestorebecauseoftheir16.Sotrytobuyuglyfoodnext

time,sinceitisi7asgoodas“normal"food.

ManyChineserestaurantsaretellingpeopletoo8dishesbyusingthe"N-l"fbrmula."N"

s9forthenumberofpeopleinyourgroup.Soifyou'reinagroupofs10people,youshould

orderfivedishes.

Toreducefoodwasteisabigtask,anditneedstime.Everyonecandosomethingtomakea

difference.

答案与解析

I.(t)hrow2.(c)ountries3.(t)hose4.(h)elped5.(v)egetables

6.(l)ooks7.(j)ust8.(o)rder9.(s)tands10.(s)ix

1.句意：当一些人扔掉不想要的食物时，世界上其他地方的很多人面临食物短缺。根据

“unwantedfood,lotsofpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldfacefoodshortages.”可知，此处指“扔

掉”，用固定短语throwaway表示，此处是陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为you,动词用原

形。故填(t)hrow。

2.句意：为了减少食物浪费，世界上像德国和法国一样的许多国家都有食物银行。根据“like

GermanandFrance”及首字母可知，此处指“国家"，用country表示，可数名词，many后跟