Units7-8短语笔记总结牛津译林版七年级英语下册

七下短语总结四U7重点短语：1.ableadj.能的，能够的unableadj.不能的，不能够的abilityn.能力（复数abilities）beabletodosth=havetheabilitytodosth=candosth能够做某事/有能力做某事/能做某事beunabletodosth=havenoabilitytodosth=can’tdosth不能够做某事/没能力做某事/不能做某事was/wereabletodosth=hadtheabilitytodosth=coulddosth过去能够做某事willbeabletodosth=willhavetheabilitytodosth将能够做某事2.becareful=look/watchout小心3.the+adj.可表示一类人(作主语，谓复)theold/theyoung/therich/thepoor老人/年青人/富人/穷人4.flytosp.=takea/theplanetosp=gotosp.byplane/byair=gotosp.ona/theplane飞往某地/乘飞机去某地n.fly苍蝇（复数flies）5.believesb=believesb’swords(=believewhatsbsays/said)相信某人（的话）believeinsb.信任某人I/Wedon’tbelieve/thinkthatheisright.我们相信/认为他不是对的。（第一人称I/we与think/believe连用时，从句若有否定词需移到主句上——否定迁移）6.cleansp.up=cleanupsp.清理，打扫干净cleanit/themup7.needsth.most最需要某物8.sendsth.tosb.=sendsb.sth.把某物发送/寄送给某人sendsb.tosp.派某人去某地9.raisemoneyforsb.为某人募集钱collectsthforsb.为某人收集某物10.payv.付（费/钱/款）（主语为人）payforsth.为某物付钱paythemoney/price/cost付钱/价格/费用人pay钱for物（sb.pays.m.forsb.）某人为某物付钱11.savesb.from....从....中救出某人helpsb.out帮助某人出去;帮助某人脱离困境helpsb.outof....帮助某人走出.....12.apieceofnews/paper一条新闻/一张纸（不可数）anewspaper/somenewspapers一张报纸/一些报纸（可数）noticesb.dosth.听到/看到/注意到某人做某事（经常/喜好/全过程）hear/see/watch/noticesb.doingsth听到/看到/注意到某人正在做某事（正在发生，或出现when....，suddenly及进行时的标志词时，都用doing）14.a79yearoldlady.79岁的女士an80metrelongbridge一座80米长的桥atenmetretalltree一棵10米高的树15.hurtvt.伤害，使受伤（过去式hurt）hurtsb.伤害某人hurtmyfeelings(badly)（严重地）伤害我的感情Myheart/leghurts我心疼/腿疼be/gethurt受伤feelhurt感到受伤的bebadlyhurt严重受伤16.smokev.吸烟Dno’tsmoke=Nosmoking=Youmustn’tsmoke禁止吸烟n.(不可n.)烟，烟雾toomuchsmoke；heavysmoke浓烟17.goin/ein(≈enter)进去/进入gointosp=eintosp.(≈entersp.)进去/进入某地18.getout出去getoutofsp.从某地出去run/walkoutofsp.跑出/走出某地19.pourvt.倾倒poursthintosp.把....倾倒入....里poursthoversth.把....倾倒在....上Neverpourrubbishintotheriver.永远不要把垃圾倒入河里。（rubbish不可n.）pourwateroverhim把水倒在他身上20.putsthoversb.把.....盖在某人身上21.protectvt.保护protectionn.保护protectsbfromsth保护某人免/不受.....(伤害)protectourselvesfromthesun/fire保护我们免受太阳的晒伤/火的烧伤protectchildrenfrombeinghurt/gettinghurt保护孩子不受伤害/远离伤害22.putoutsth./putsthout扑灭...putitoutputoutthefire/putthefireout扑灭火VS.putiton穿上....;放映....(电影)putitup张贴；挂起；搭建；举起putitdown放下...putitaway收拾好（某物）(putitoff推迟...)23.burnvi.燃烧Thewoodisburning木材在燃烧vt.燃烧；烧伤burnthepaper烧纸burnhisneck烧伤脖子getburnt烧伤gethurt受伤getkilled被杀24.be(ill)inhospital(生病)住院workina/thehospital在医院工作25.visitn./v.拜访，参观visitor参观者，拜访者avisittosp.去某地的一次参观payavisittosp=visitsp.参观某地startfromavisit从参观开始aftervisitstotheplace(名词，要加to)=aftervisitingtheplace(动词)在去此地的参观之后/在参观此地之后25.braveadj.勇敢的bravelyadv.勇敢地bebraveenoughtodosth足够勇敢做某事dosthbravely勇敢地做某事It’sbravetodosth=Doingsthisbrave做某事是勇敢的（it’sbrave/kindofsb.todosth某人做某事真勇敢/真好）26.atthatmoment在那时，当时（过去式）atthemoment=atpresent=now在此刻，现在（动作用现在进行时；状态用一般现在时）27.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人giveittosb28.nodvi.点头(过去式nodded，现在分词nodding)nodtosb.29.havenotimetodosth=don’thavetimetodosth没有时间做某事30.thinkaboutdoingsth/thinkabouthowtodosth考虑做某事/如何做某事thinkaboutsth考虑某事thinkofsb./sth想起某人Whatdoyouthinkofsb.?=Howdoyoulikesb.?=Howdoyoufindsb.?你认为某人怎么样？（用名词、形容词回答）（be）indanger处于危险中outofdanger脱离危险It’sdangeroustodosth=doingsthisdangerous做某事是危险的32.becarefulwithsth.小心某物becarefultodosth.小心去做某事33.care照顾，在意carefuladj.细心的carelessadj.粗心的carefullyadv.细心地carelesslyadv.粗心地35.beonfire.着火(状态)catchfire着火（动作）Theforestcaughtfireyesterdayandisstillonfirenow.森林昨晚着火，现在还着着。36.findout弄清楚，查明白finditout38.be/feelwell（身体）好playthe西洋乐器playtheviolin/piano(/guitar)弹奏小提琴/钢琴(/吉他)40.keep/stayawayfromsb.远离某人keepsbawayfromsth使某人远离某物befar/具体距离awayfromsp.距离某地远/有.....（具体距离）.远41.makeacall(onyourphone)(用)打一个42.leavesthin/atsp.把某物落在某地43.bytheway顺便说一下，顺便问一下inthis/thatway以这/那种方式onthe/one’sway（tosp.）在某人去某地的路上*inthe/one’sway挡某人的路44.takesthwithsb.随身携带某物45.begoodatdoingsth=dowellindoingsth擅长于做某事bebetteratdoingsth=dobetterindoingsth更擅长于做某事46.at+年龄=whensbis/was+年龄在几岁时47.listentosb./sth听某人（说话）/听....48.remendvt.推荐remendationaremendationletter一封推荐信remendsb.forsth/togetsth推荐某人获得....(奖/工作)remendsbas/tobe.....推荐某人成为....remendsb.todosth推荐某人做某事49.learnsth学习某事learnaboutsth了解某事learntodosth学习做某事learnfromsb.向某人学习learnfromeachotherlearntodosthfromsb.向某人学习做某事beamemberof.....=bein....(=join.....)是....的一名成员(/加入.....组织)takepartin+活动（=joinin+活动）参加.....（活动）join+组织加入.....(组织)takepartin/joininanactivity/asportsmeeting/abirthdayparty参加活动/运动会/生日派对jointheclub/team/group加入俱乐部/团队/小组52.losev.输，输掉（比赛）；丢失；迷失（n.loser失败者；过去式：lost）lostadj.迷失的，丢失的loseone’sway=getlost迷路loseone’slife失去生命loseamatch输掉比赛53.after/beforedoingsth=after/before+句子在...之后/前whendoingsth=when+句子当做某事时hearofsb./sth听说某人/事55.includevt.包含，包括includingprep.(介词)包含，包括Thepriceincludesbreakfast.价格包含早餐。Thepriceincludingbreakfastis$100.包含早餐的价格是100美元。U8重点短语：1.bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人bringsthtosp.把某物带来某地（带过此地/说话地来）takesth.tosp.把某物拿去某地（拿到别处去）2.somethingtoeat/drink吃/喝的东西somethingtotalkabout谈论的事somethingtobeafraidof害怕的事3.berudetosb.对....粗鲁/无礼4.goldfishn.(可数，单复同形)金鱼agoldfishtwogoldfishVS.fish(不可n.)鱼肉Catslikefish.(可数n.)鱼（条数；单复同形）Iboughttwofish.(可数n.)鱼（种类；复数：fishes）threekindsoffishes5.mouse耗子，老鼠，复数：mice6.teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事teachsbhowtodosth教某人如何做某事teachsb.sth.教某人某事teachoneselftodosth=learntodosthbyoneself自学做某事teachusChinese教我们中文（不能用one’s）7.feedv.喂，喂养（过去式：fed）feedsth喂某物feedsb喂某人feedoneself喂自己feed/liveonsth以....为食；靠....活feedthemnothing/something/much/alot什么都没喂给它们/喂给它们吃些/很多8.holdvt.握住，拿；举行；容纳holdsthinone’shand手里握/拿着某物holdaparty/fashionshow举行一个派对/时装表演Thehallisbigenoughtohold500students这礼堂够大，能容纳500学生Ofalltheworksofart,it’stheprettiest.在所有艺术品中，这是最漂亮的Amongallthesubjects,helikesGeographybest.所有课程之中，他最喜欢地理Heistheshortestinhisclass.他是他班里最矮的。the+adj最高级9.wideadj.宽的awideriver一条宽宽的河a10meterwidebridge一座10米宽的桥adv.张大的；充分；完全的；hiseyesareopenwide.他眼睛睁得大大的。(adv.修饰v.)Openyoureyeswide睁大眼睛(adv.修饰v.)openyourarmswide张大双臂(adv.修饰v.)(注意：widely“广泛地、范围广地”，bewidelyused/inuse被广泛使用)9.hidesth/sb.把某物/人藏起来，藏某物/人hidefromsb./sth躲避某人/物hideoneself躲起来10.huntv.（huntern.猎人，搜寻者）vi寻找huntforsth/sb.寻找某人/物vt.猎杀；捕猎huntanimals猎杀动物11.dotricks耍把戏playtricksonsb.捉弄某人12.buildsthforsb.=buildsb.sth为某人建造某物双宾语结构用介词for的短语：buy/cook/makesthforsb.=buy/cook/makesbsth.为某人买/烹饪/制作某物13.lookaftersb.well=takegoodcareofsb.14.till=until直到tilltheend直到最后not...until....直到.....才....Hewaitedtill/until12o’Hedidn’15.intheend=atlast=finally最终，最后attheendof....在.....的最后/末尾16.fightwithsb.与某人打架（过去式fought）fightforsth/sb.为某物/人打架17.barkatsb.对某人狗叫18.bitesb.咬某人（过去式bit）19.needsthneedtodosth需要做某事needsb.todosth需要某人做某事don’tneed/havetodosth=needn’tdosth=Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth不必要做某事20.troublen.(不可数)麻烦maketrouble惹麻烦，制造麻烦beintrouble.处于麻烦中havetrouble/problemsdoingsth=havetrouble/problemswithsth有困难做某事v.打扰；使烦恼troublesb打扰某人；使某人烦恼tleadj.温柔的；gentlyadv.温柔地(un)fortable舒适的，舒服的(un)fortably舒适地，舒服地speakgentlysitunfortably23.touchvt.触碰，触摸；触动，（使）感动feelv.摸起来，感觉起来，感到Touchit.Itfeelssoft.摸一下它，他摸起来软软的。Touchingstoriescanalwaystouchme/makemetouched.令人感动的故事总能使我感动。【touchvt.触动，（使）感动；touchingadj.令人感动的，touchedadj.感动的】24.Goldfishareeasytolookafter/takecareof.金鱼容易照顾Goldfishareeasytolookafterwell/takegoodcareof.金鱼容易照顾好Sthiseasy/difficulttodo=It’seasy/difficulttodosth=Doingsthiseasy某事容易/难做；做某事容易/困难25.sthisadjenoughtodo某事足够...来做（do与sth之间要完整，有介词，不能省）Theroom/placeisbigenoughtolive/stayin.这房间/地方足够大能住26.repeatsth=dosthagain重复某事repeatmywords=saymywordsagain27.gettired变得累atiringjob令人疲劳的工作28.somewhere/anywhere/everywhereadv.某处/任何地方/每个地方(因为几词为副词，介词”去/在”to/on/in/at不能加在前面)gosomewhere=gotoaplace去某个地方goeverywhere=gotoeveryplace去每个地方27.复合不定代词的特征：Everyoneiswaitingforyou每个人/所有人正在等你someoneimportant某个重要的人nothingtoeat/worryabout/talkabout没什么吃的/没有什么担忧的事/没有可谈论的事someoneelse(someoneelse’s)其他某人（其他某人的）everyoneinourclass我们班的每个人everyoneofus=each(one)ofus.我们中的每个人（有of绝不能用everyone等复合不定代词）注意：区别nothing“什么都没有，没有什么”nobody/noone“没有人”none“没有一个、没有一点”What’sinthebox?NothingWhoisintheroom?NobodyHowmanycars/Howmuchmoneydoeshehave?None28.bekind/friendly/nice/goodtosb对某人友善/友好/好29.agreevi.同意agreewithsb./sb’splan(idea)同意某人（观点计划等）agreetodosth同意做某事30.Thereisnothingwrongwithsth.某物没问题/没毛病Thereisnothingwrongwithdoingsth.做某事没问题/没毛病31.snake蛇；snack零食32.inthesun在太阳下Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下读书对眼睛不好situnderthetree坐在树下livebelowme住我楼下weighthevegetables称下蔬菜（的重量）重量表达：sthweighs+数量+重量单位=sthis+数量+重量单位+heavy=Theweightofsthis+数量+重量单位某物重..../某物是....重/某物的重量是....问重量：Howmuchdoessthweigh?=Howheavyissth=What’stheweightofsth?Sheweighstwokilograms=Sheistwokilogramsheavy.=Theweightofheristwokiograms.提问：Howmuchdoessheweigh?=Howheavyisshe?=What’shisweight/theweightofhim?34.weighupto重达upto达，达到*liveupto100years活到100年35.growup长大growuptobe....长成....36.likesthverymuch/alot很喜欢.....very+adj./adv（very只能修饰形容词或副词，不能修饰动词）veryprettyIlikesleepingverymuch37.walka/one’sdog=takea/one’sdogforawalk遛狗gowalking=goforawalk去散步gooutforawalk出去散步38.toomuch修饰v./不可n.muchtoo+adj/adv.worrytoomuch担忧太多;toomuchinformation/time太多信息/时间muchtoobeautiful太漂亮；muchtootired太累了39.worryaboutsb./sth.=beworriedaboutworryaboutdoingsth.=beworriedabout(worry=beworried担忧)七年级下册不规则动词过去式归纳一、不需要变化的动词：1.putput2.letlet3.hithit(击中，撞)4.costcost(值[多少钱]，需付费)5.hurthurt(使受伤，疼)6.read/ri:d/read/red/二、需要改变元音字母的动词：Ⅰ.元音字母改为a的动词：1.swimswam2.ringrang(打；[钟、铃等]响)3.singsang4.beginbegan5.sitsat6.drinkdrank7.givegave8.runran9.ecame10.beebecame(开始变得，变成)Ⅱ.元音字母改为o的动词：1.getgot2.forgetforgot(忘记)3.drivedrove4.riderode(骑)5.writewrote6.winwon(赢，获胜)7.wakewoke(醒，醒来；唤醒)Ⅲ.元音字母改为e的动词：1.growgrew(种植)2.throwthrew(扔)3.knowknew4.blowblew(吹，刮)5.drawdrew6.flyflew(特殊变化)7.holdheld(握住，拿)8.fallfell(落下，掉落；倒)(★辨析feelfelt)【