人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 5 Launching Your Career知识点素材

选择性必修四Unit5LaunchingYourCareer一、词汇派生1.lawn.法律;法学;诉讼→lawyern.律师→lawfuladj.法律许可的;合法的

2.participatevi.参加;参与→participantn.参与者;参加者→participationn.参加;参与

3.orientvt.使适应;使面对→orientadj.东方的;光彩夺目的→orientaladj.东方的;东方人的→orientationn.方向;定向;适应;情况介绍4.accountvt.&vi.解释;导致;报账→accountantn.会计师5.justadj.公正的;公平的→justicen.公平;正义;司法→justifyvt.&vi.为……辩护;证明合法6.accusevt.控告;控诉;谴责→accusern.原告→accusationn.控告;控诉→accusedn.被告7.greedn.贪婪→greedyadj.贪婪的,贪心的→greedilyadv.贪婪地,贪心地→greedinessn.贪心;贪婪8.receivevt.&vi.收到;接收;接待→receiptn.收据;接收→receptionn.接待;接收;招待会;→receptionistn.接待员;传达员9.societyn.社会;社团→socialadj.社会的;社交的→socialistn.社会主义者;adj.社会主义的→socialismn.社会主义10.dedicatevt.把……奉献给→dedicatedadj.专注的;献身的→dedicationn.奉献;献身11.financen.财政,财政学;金融;vt.&vi.负担经费,供给……经费;筹集资金→financialadj.财政的;金融的;

→financiallyadv.财政上;金融上12.acquirevt.获得;购得→acquiredadj.后天的;已获得的;已成习惯的→acquisitionn.习得;获得;收购13.drawvt.&vi.拖；拉→drawern.抽屉14.briden.新娘→bridegroomn.新郎15.detectvt.发现；发觉；查明→detectiven.侦探；警探

二、一词多义1.bouncevi.&vt.(使)弹起；上下晃动n.弹性；弹跳；活力①Shebouncedtheballagainstthewall.（vt.使弹起）②Theballbouncedawayandhechasedit.（vi.弹起）③Everybounceofthetruckbroughtthemintofreshcontact.（n.弹跳）2.profilen.简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt.扼要介绍；概述；写简介；显出轮廓）①Wecouldseetheprofileofadistanthillifitisveryclear.（n.侧面轮廓）②Thenewspaperpublishesaprofileofaleadingsportsmaneveryweek.（n.简介）③Hiscareerisprofiledinthismonth'sjournal.（vt.概述）

三、知识要点1.bouncevi.&vt.(使)弹起；上下晃动n.弹性；弹跳；活力Shortsoundwavesbounceoffevensmallobjects.短声波在很小的物体上也能反射回来。Theballbouncedupanddown.球上下弹跳。[造句]球弹得很高，她没有接住。Theballbouncedhighandshemissedit.[知识拓展](1)onthebounce在弹起时；接二连三地(2)bouncearound/about蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去bounceinto...蹦蹦跳跳地进入；猛然冲进①He

bouncedinto

theroomandshoutedatme.②FerreiraagainwonthePortuguesechampionship，becomingthefirstcoachtowinthreetitles

onthebounce.③BecauseGypsies

bouncedaround/about

fromcountrytocountry，theyfounditdifficulttobuildpermanentsettlementsorfindjobs.2.headstart起步前的优势BeingabletospeakFrenchgaveheraheadstartovertheothercandidates.会说法语使她比其他候选人占优势。Joehasaheadstart.Hebegantostudyearlythanwedid.乔比我们占优势，他准备功课比我们早。[造句]良好的教育会让你的孩子在人生的起跑线上比别人领先一步。Agoodeducationgivesyourchildaheadstartinlife.[知识拓展]atthestart刚开始；在起跑线atthestartof...在……开始的时候afreshstart新的起点，新的开始takeafreshstart重新开始fromstarttofinish自始至终，彻头彻尾①Thenewsystemwasconfrontedwithgreatdifficulties

atthestart.②Hetakesoveraschiefexecutive

atthestartof

nextyear.③You'll

haveafreshstart

everysingleday—notjustonJanuary1st.3.debtn.债务；欠款Hedidnotlookforwardtobeingindebtbecausehisrestaurantwasnolongerpopular.他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。Thisyoungcouplearealwaysindebtbecausetheyneverconsidertheirincomesbeforebuyingsomething.这对年轻的夫妇总是负债，因为他们在买东西时从不考虑自己的收入。[造句]失业后她开始欠债。Aftershelostherjob，shebegantorunintodebt.[知识拓展]indebt负债outofdebt

不欠债payoffdebts

还清债务get/runintodebt

负债owesb.adebt

欠某人一个人情getoutofdebt还债①I'mheavilyindebtatthemoment，buthopetobe

outofdebt

whenIgetpaid.②Heworkedharddayandnightto

payoffhisdebts.③Iowehimadebtofgratitudeforallhehasdoneforme.④It'smucheasierto

getintodebt

thanto

getoutofdebt.借债容易还债难。

4.profilen.简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt.扼要介绍；概述；写简介Hepresentedhisbestprofiletothecamera.他在照相机前呈现自己最好看的侧面轮廓。Thestorywasgivenalowprofileintoday'spapers.今天的报纸很低调地报道这个故事。[造句]他侧面朝我坐着。Hesatinprofiletome.[知识拓展]inprofile从侧面看；以侧面drawinprofile

画侧面像或轮廓aprofileof...……的简介或概述highprofile鲜明的姿态lowprofile低姿态；不出头露面；不惹人注意keepalowprofile

保持低调①Thepaintingshowsher

in

profile.②TheBBCareworkingon

aprofileof

theBritishnuclearindustry.③Whenyouarefeelinghappy，pleaseenjoyit，but

keepalowprofile.5.spyn.密探；间谍vi.从事间谍活动vt.突然看见；发现Wespiedthreefiguresinthedistance.我们看见远处有三个人影儿。Hedeniedactingasanenemyspy.他否认自己是敌方间谍。[造句]我肯定邻居在暗中监视我。I'msuremyneighboursspyonme.[知识拓展]spyon/uponsb.暗中监视某人；侦察某人spyintosth.侦察某事spysth.out

暗中查明某事，秘密了解清楚某事①Hestudiedthemapand

spiedout

thequickestroute.②Heknewhewas

beingspiedon/upon

atthattime.③Iwasdemandedto

spyinto

theenemy'smovements.四、重点句式1.状语从句的省略[教材原句P50]Asanadult，oneofthefirstquestionsyouareaskedwhenmeetingsomeonenewis，“Whatdoyoudo？”

作为一个成年人，当你遇到一个不认识的人时，你会被问到的第一批问题之一是：“你是做什么的？”[句式分析]句中whenmeetingsomeonenew是一个省略句，补全后为：Whenyoumeetsomeonenew。[例1]Workhardwhen(youare)young，oryou'llregret.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。[例2]While(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank，shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。[造句]做作业的时候不要听音乐。Don'tlistentomusicwhen(youare)doingyourhomework.[知识拓展]当when，while，before，after，unless，asif，if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。①Ifyouareacceptedforthejob，you'llbeinformedsoon.＝Ifacceptedforthejob，you'llbeinformedsoon.②Whilehewasplayingwithhischildrenoutdoors，thefatherfeltveryhappy.＝Whileplayingwithhischildrenoutdoors，thefatherfeltveryhappy.③Hewon'tcomeunlessheisinvited.＝Hewon'tcomeunlessinvited.

2.现在分词短语作后置定语[教材原句P50]This，however，isnotalwayseasy.Somepeopleknowwhattheywanttodofromayoungage，butmanyothersjusthaveafewideasbouncingaroundintheirheads.然而，这并不总是那么容易。有些人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。[句式分析]句中bouncingaroundintheirheads为现在分词短语作名词ideas的后置定语。[例1]Theyputanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforrockmusicians.他们在报上登了一则广告，寻求摇滚乐乐师。[例2