2016年考研英语二真题原文及参考答案

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark

[A],[B],[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Happypeopleworkdifferently.They,remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotake

greaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggestthathappinessmightinfluence|firmswork,too.

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecent

researchpaper.|,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That*

sbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking|formakinginvestmentsfor

thefuture.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe|andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewith

happinesswould|thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities'average

happiness,byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.

|enough,firmsJinvestmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessofthe

areainwhichtheywereButisitreallyhappinessthat'slinkedtoinvestment,orcould

somethingelseabouthappiercities|whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,the

researcherscontrolledforvarious■thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest-likesize,

industry,andsales-andforindicatorsthataplacewas■tolivein,likegrowthinwagesor

population.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally■evenafteraccountingfor

thesethings.

Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyounger

firms,whichtheauthors|to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocessvandthepossiblepresence

of“youngerandless■managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment."The

relationshipwas■strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore-.Firmsseemto

investmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswith

happinessinequality.

■thisdoesn'tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-term

view,theauthorsbelieveitatleast■atthatpossibility.It?snothardtoimaginethatlocal

cultureandsentimentwouldhelp■howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture."Itsurelyseems

plausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand■R&Dmore

thantheaverage,“saidoneresearcher.

1.[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

2.[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4.[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

5.[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

6.[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

7.[A]Sure[B]Odd[C]Unfortunate[D]Often

8.[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

9.[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize

10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

11.[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

14.[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced

15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

16.[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally

17.[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since

18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share

20.[A]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendout

SectionIIReadingComprehension

Text1

It'struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren,tessentialforlearningcomputersciencein

college.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTom

Cortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon'sSchoolofComputerScience.

However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputer

science,theylearnthatit'snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers—buta

tooltobuildapps,orcreatartwork,ortesthypotheses.It'snotashardforthemtotransform

theirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sized

chunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcould

increasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.

Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,

whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivethe

less-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.

TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemany

codingbootcampsthat'sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.The

high-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey're

interestedin,“saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudents

aredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.

ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenext

Facebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails“languagethey

learnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn

——howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults——applytoanycoding

language,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.

Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcoders

isnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers——in

theirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes——fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearn

howcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearlierthey

learnthattheyhavethepowertodothat一thebetter.

21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto.

[A]completefuturejobtraining

[B]remodelthewayofthinking

[C]formulatelogicalhypotheses

[D]perfectartworkproduction

22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir.

[A]experience

[B]academicbackgrounds

[C]careerprospects

[D]interest

23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill.

[A]helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

[B]havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

[C]needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

[D]enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto.

[A]competewithafutureanyofprogrammers

[B]staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

[C]becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

[D]bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

25.Theword“coax”(Line.4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto.

[A]challenge

[B]persuade

[C]frighten

[D]misguide

Text2

Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens—akindofbirdlivingon

stretchinggrasslands-oncelentredtotheoftengreylandscapeofthemid-westernand

southwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%of

thespecies'historicrange.

ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.S.FishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedtoformally

listthebirdasthreatened."Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,“saidUSFWS

DirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhadpushed

theagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered,“astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreater

regulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”

taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontational

conservationapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwestern

statagovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalaction,andwiththeprivatelandowners

whocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechiekenshabitat.

Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownersor

businessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebirdaslongastheyhadsigneda

range-widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthe

states,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheir

operationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitable

habitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat.USFWSalso

setaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birds

overthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies

(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet

ustatesremaininthedriver'sseatformanagingthespecies,“Ashesaid.

Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoric.SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblockthe

plan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsare

challengingitinfederalcourt.Notsurprisingly,industrygroupsandstatesgenerallyargueitgoes

toofar;environmentalistssayitdoesn'tgofarenough."Thefederalgovernmentisgiving

responsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,“

saysbiologistJayLininger.

26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairiechickenasthreatenedis_

[A]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners

[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage

[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists

[D]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

27.The^threatened”tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit_

[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure

[B]wouldinvolvefewerregulatorypowers

[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypowers

[D]wentagainstconservationpolicies

28.ltcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatunintentionalharm-doerswillbeprosecutedif

they_

[A]agreetopayasunforcompensation.

[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat.

[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob.

[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations.

29.AccordingtoAshe,theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesis

[A]thefederalgovernment

[B]thewildlifeagencies

[C]thelandowners

[D]thestates

30.JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport_

[A]theplanunderchallenge

[B]thewin-winrhetoric

[C]environmentalgroups

[D]industrygroups

Text3

Thateveryone?stoobusythesedaysisacliche.Butonespecificcomplainismade

especiallymoumfully:There'sneveranytimetoread.

Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon't

seemsufficient.Theweb'sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:"GiveupTV”or

“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes."Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeupthe

odd30minutesdoesn'twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeeps

spinning—orelseyou'resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook'sthelastthingyouneed.The

modernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtoward

communication***

Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption.”

Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan'tbeobtainedmerely

bybecomingmoreefficient.

Infactubecomingmoreefficient“ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourceto

bemaximizedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspent

onlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal.Immersivereading,bycontrastdepands

onbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitinasto-dolist

item.andyou'IImanageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful,sometimesbutnotthemostfulfilling

kind."Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfinite

conveyorbelt,"writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthese

different-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,

wewillhavewastedthem."Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook

Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You'dthink

thismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviorhelpsus

“stepoutsidetime,sflow”into“soultime."Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonly

physicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers,“carryabookwithyouatalltime“canactually

work,too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefrom

whichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown.Onareally

goodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyou're"makingtimetoread”,butjustreading,andmaking

timeforeverythingelse.

31.Theusualtimemanagementtechniquesdon'tworkbecause

[A]whattheycanofferdoesnotcasethemodernmind

[B]whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem

[C]whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading

[D]whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed

32.Theuemptybottles“metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureto

[A]updatetheirto-dolists

[B]makepassingtimefulfilling

[C]carrytheirplansthrough

[D]pursuecarefreereading

33.Fberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps

[A]promoteritualisticreading

[B]encouragetheefficiencymind-set

[C]developonlinereadinghabits

[D]achieveimmersivereading

34.uCarryabookwithyouatalltimes”canworkif

[A]readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

[B]allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith

[C]youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading

[D]timecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandbusiness

35.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe

[A]HowtoEnjoyEasyReading

[B]HowtoSetReadingGoals

[C]HowtoFindTimetoRead

[D]HowtoReadExtensively

Text4

Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultsto

prioritizepersonalfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmostby

regularlychangingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafasterpaceoflife,

toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren,and

tomaintainthatchildrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome,thesurvey

found.

Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathofthe

searingGreatRecession.thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningproandexpectationsthatwill

increasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife,fromconsumerpreferencesto

housingpatternstopolities.

Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint：Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroupssaid

theybelieveitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearlier

generations.Whileyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheireldersaboutthe

prospectsforthosestartingouttoday,bigmajoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgetting

startedinlife“faceatougherclimbthanearliergenerationsinreachingsuchsignpost

achievementsassecuringagood-payingjob：startingafamily.managingdebt,andfinding

affordablehousing.

PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertoday.Schneider,a27-year-oldautotechnician

fromtheChicagosuburbs,sayshestruggledtofindajobaftergraduatingfromcollegeEvennow

thatheisworkingsteadily,hesaid,"lean'taffordtopaymymonthlymortgagepaymentson

myown,soIhavetorentroomsouttopeopletomakethathappen."Lookingbackheisstuck

thathisparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheirchildreneventhoughneitherhad

completedcollegewhenhewasyoung."Istillgrewupinanuppermiddle-classhomewith

parentswhodidn,thavecollegedegrees,“Schneidersaid."Idon'tthinkpeoplearecapable

ofthatanymore.”

36.Onecross-generationmarkofasuccessfullifeis

[A]havingafamilywithchildren

[B]tryingoutdifferentlifestyles

[C]workingbeyondretirementage

[D]settingupaprofitablebusiness

37ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendto

[A]favoraslowerlifepace.

[B]holdanoccupationlonger.

[C]attachimportancetopre-maritalfinance.

[D]giveprioritytochildrenoutsidethehome.

38Theprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwill

[A]dependlargelyonpoliticalpreferences

[B]reachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife

[C]focusonmaterialisticissues

[D]becomeincreasinglyclear

39bothyoungandoldagreethat

[A]goodpayingjobsarelessavailable

[B]theoldmademorelifeachievements

[C]housingloanstodayareeasytoobtain

[D]gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung

40WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutSchneider?

[A]Hethinkshisjobasatechnicianquitechallenging.

[B]Hisparents'goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree.

[C]Hisparents'believeworkingsteadilyisamustforsuccess.

[D]Hefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromcollege.

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheading

fromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadings

whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

[A]Besilly

网Havefun

[C]Expressyouremotions

[D]DonTtoverthinkit

[E]Beeasilypleased

[F]Noticethings

[G]Askforhelp

Asadults,itseemsthatweareconstantlypursuinghappiness,oftenwithmixedresults.Yet

childrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthemostparttheydon'tneedself-helpbooks

ortherapy.Instead,theylookaftertheirwellbeinginstinctively,andusuallymoreeffectivelythan

wedoasgrownups.Perhapsit'stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthem.

41.C

Whatdoesachilddowhenhe'ssad?Hecries.Whenhe'sangry?Heshouts.Scared?

Probablyabitofboth.Aswegrowup,welearntocontrolouremotionssotheyaremanageable

anddon'tdictateourbehaviours,whichisinmanywaysagoodthing.Buttoooftenwetakethis

processtoofarandendupsuppressingemotionszespeciallynegativeones.that'saboutas

effectiveasbrushingdirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeusill.Whatweneedtodoisfinda

waytoacknowledgeandexpresswhatwefeelappropriatelyzandthen-again.likechildren-move.

42.E

AcoupleofChristmasesago,myyoungeststepdaughter,whowasnineyearsoldatthe

time,gotaSupermanT-shirtforChristmas.ltcostlessthanafiverbutshewasoverjoyed,and

couldn'tstoptalkingaboutit.Toooftenwebelievethatanewjob,biggerhouseorbettercarwill

bethemagicsilverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent,buttherealityisthesethings

haveverylittlelastingimpactonourhappinesslevels.instead,beinggratefulforsmallthings

everydayisamuchbetterwaytoimprovewellbeing.

43.A

Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh?lfweadultscouldindulgeinabitof

sillinessandgiggling,wewouldreducethestresshormonesinourbodiesincreasegood

hormoneslikeendorphins,improvebloodflowtoourheartsandevenhaveagreaterchanceof

fightingoffenfection.Allofwhich,ofcourse,haveapositiveeffectonhappinesslevels.

44.B

Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere'sanawfullotofseriousstufftodeal

with-work,mortgagepayments,figuringoutwhattocookfordinner.Butasadultswealsohave

theluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourowndiariesandit'simportantthatwescheduleintimeto

enjoythethingswelove.Thosethingsmightbesocial,sporting,creativeorcompletely

random(dancingaroundthelivingroom,anyone?)-itdoesn'tmatter,solongasthey're

enjoyable,andnotlikelytohavenegativesideeffects,suchasdrinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoing

onawildspendingspreeifyou'reonatightbudget.

45.D

Havingsaidalloftheabove,it'simportanttoaddthatweshouldn'ttrytoohardtobe

happy.Scientiststellusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhaveanegativeimpactonourwellbeing.As

theChinesephilosopherChuangTzuisreportedtohavesaid:"Happinessistheabsenceof

strivingforhappiness."Andinthat,oncemore,weneedtolooktotheexampleofourchildren,to

whomhappinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive.

SectionIBTranslation

46.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenontheANSWER

SHEET.(15points)

Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossible

withinitsdoors.Thereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthestore,themorestuffyou

IIsee,andthemorestuffyousee,themoreyou'IIbuy.Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.

Theaveragesupermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,00

differentitems,andmanycarrytensofthousandsmore.Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceis

enoughtosendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverload.Accordingtobrain-scan

experiments,thedemandsofsomuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus.After

about40minutesofshopping,mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinstead

beginshoppingemotionally-whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentof

stuffinourcartthatweneverintendedbuying.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47.Directions:

Supposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriend,Jack,wroteanemailtocongratulate

youandaskforadviceontranslation.Writehimareplyto

l)thinkhim,and

2)giveyouradvice.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownname.Use“LiMing”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

48.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.lnyourwritingyoushould

l)interpretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

【解析】

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

1.how

2.Inparticular

3.necessary

4.optimism

5.change

6.measured

7.sure

8.headquartered

9.explain

10.factors

11.desirable

12.emerged

13.Attribute

14.experienced

15.thus

16.Equally

17.while

18.hints

19.Shape

20.leantowards

IIReadingcomprehension

Text1

21.BRemodelthewayofthinking

22.DInterest

23.AHelpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

24.CBecomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

25.BPersuade

Text2

26.Itsdramaticallydecreasedpopulation

27.Grantedlessfederalregulatorypowder

28.Agreetopaysumforcompensation

29.Thestates

30.Industrygroup

Text3

31.whatdeepreadingrequiredcannotbeguaranteed

32.Makepassingtimefulfilling

33.Achieveimmersivereading

34.Readingbecomeyourprimarybusinessoftheday

35.Findtimetoread

Text4

36.Havingafamilywithachild

37.Attachimportancetopre-maritalfinance

38.ReachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife

39.Gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung

40.Hisparents?goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree

PartB

41.Expressyouremotions

42.Beeasilypleased

43.Besilly

44.Havefun

45.Don,toverthinkit

PartC

【原文】

Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeas

possiblewithinitsdoors.Thereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthe

store,themorestuffyou'IIsee,andthemorestuffyousee,themoreyou'IIbuy.

Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.Theaveragesupermarket,accordingtothe

FoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,00differentitems,andmanycarrytensof

thousandsmore.Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughtosendshoppers

intoastateofinformationoverload.Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,the

demandsofsomuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus.Afterabout

40minutesofshopping,mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,and

insteadbeginshoppingemotionally-whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulate

the50percentofstuffinourcartthatweneverintendedbuying.

【参