2021-2022学年上海第三女子中学高三（下）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年上海第三女子中学高三(下)期中英语试

卷

1.TeainBritainTeamaybethoughtasthemosttypicalofEnglishdrinks,butitisactuallya

relativelatecomertoBritishshores.Althoughthecustomofdrinkingtea(1)(date)back

tothe3rdmillennium(一千年)BCinChina,thedrinkdidn'tappearinEnglanduntil

themid-17thcentury.

Curiously,itissaidthatitwastheLondoncoffeehouses(2)wereresponsiblefor

introducingteatoEngland.Oneofthefirstcoffeehousemerchants(3)(offer)teawas

ThomasGarway,whosoldbothliquidanddryteatothepublicasearlyas1657.Three

yearslater,heissuedabigbrochureadvertisingthevirtuesoftea,(4)itspositiveeffecton

health.

Teagainedpopularityquicklyinthecoffeehouses,andthisdistressedthepubowners(5)

teacuttheirsalesofbeer.Atthesametime,itwasalsobadnewsforthegovernment

officials,(6)dependedonasteadystreamofrevenuefromtaxesonliquorsales.By1750,

tea⑺(become)thefavoreddrinkofBritain'slowerclasses.

A1676acttaxedteaandrequiredcoffeehouseoperatorstoapplyforalicense.Theheavy

taxationhadtheeffectofcreatingawholenewindustry-teasmuggling(走私).Even

smuggledteawasexpensive,however,andthereforeextremelyprofitable,somany

smugglersbegantoadulterate(掺彳段)theteawithothersubstances,suchaswillowandsloe

leaves.(8)(use)tealeaveswerealsoredriedandaddedtofreshleaves.

Finally,1784WilliamPitttheYoungerdeterminedtotake(9)measuresthatcouldreverse

thesituation.HeintroducedtheCommutationAct,whichdroppedthetaxonteafrom119%

to12.5%,effectivelyendingsmuggling.Healsotookmanyothermeasures,hopingthat

suchattempts(10)stopadulteration.ButadulterationremainedaproblemuntiltheFood

andDrugActof1875broughtinseverepunishmentforthepractice.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

⑺

(8)

(9)

(10)

2.

A.modestB.creativeC.confirmD.paceE.increasinglyF.emerging

G.scoringH.capsI.evenlyJ.accessK.collapse

BathroomRevealsYourRepaymentAbilityBanksandotherlenderstypicallylookat

borrowers*credithistories,taxformsandotherfinancialinformationtodeterminewhether

theywillgetpaidback.InChina,(1)lendersalsolookatborrowers*bathrooms.

Astheeconomyslows,thegovernmentwantstodevelopacreditculturetogetChinese

familiesspendinginsteadofsaving.Whilethecountryisgettingwealthier,thefinancial

systemhasnotkept(2).Somepeoplehavehadno(3)tocreditcardormortgage,solenders

oftenhavelittlereliableinformationaboutpotentialborrowers.

Tofillthegaps,onelender,ChinaRapidFinance,assignsitsinvestigatorstocheckforthe

numberoftoothbrushesortowelstodeterminehowmanypeoplearelivingina

house.Theylookfordirtydishesinthekitchen.Theytakephotosofapotentialborrowerat

workto(4)employmentstatus.

AgrowingnumberofcompaniesaretryingtocrackthecreditcodeinChina.TheInternet

giantsAlibaba,TencentandBaiduaredevelopingcredit(5)systemsbasedonusers'online

transactions(交易)andsearchhistories.

TheWorldBankestimatedthat79percentofChina'spopulationabovetheageof15have

bankaccounts,whileonly10percenthaveeverborrowedfromtheformalfinancial

system.China'sbankshavea(n)(6)consumerslendingbusiness.Contrarily,online

lendersare(7)asthepioneers,satisfyingChina'srisingconsumerclass.

Alibaba'sfinancialaffiliate(隶属机构),Huabei,makessmallloanstoonlineshoppers

andvendors(小贩)onitse-commerceplatforms.Peer-to-peerplatformshaveproved

hugelypopularinChina,buttheindustry'sreputationhasbeenruinedbyscandal,likethe

(8)ofEzubao(易租宝).

Afterthat,regulatorshavesteppeduptheirsupervisionofonlinelenders,whichincludes

setting(9)ontheamountsthatcanbeborrowed.Theregulators*tighteningmanagementis

第2页，共24页

"somethinglikeashepherdherding(放牧)hissheepintoa(n)(10)narrowingpen(围

栏)，“saidMarkNatkin,thefounderandmanagingdirectoratMarbridge

Consulting,basedinBeijing.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

"Itwillbemarvelous.ltwillbespiritual.1'Thisisthe£3)taglinethatVirginGalacticusedin

2004toattractpotentialcustomerstoitsplannedspacetourismservices.ltpromisedthat,within

fiveyears,itwouldtakeatotalofover3,000passengersonlife-changingtripsinits

spaceships.OnJuly11,2021,afteralast90-minutedelay,VirginGalacticfinallybeganits

fulfillmentofthatoriginal⑷.Forfourminutes,itssixtemporarilyweightless

passengers,includingthefirm'sBritishco-founder,SirRichardBranson,sawtheplanetagainst

theblacknessofouterspace.

Backontheground,SirRichardcalledtheexperience"magical".Hemayhave(5)thefactthat

hewasabletoreachspaceearlierthanJeffBezos,afellowbillionairebutmuchwealthier.On

July20,Bezoswouldgoslightlyhigher,forslightlylesstime,inavehiclethathadbeenbuiltby

hisownspacefaringcompany,BlueOrigin.

Thetwotycoons(大亨)areamongagrowingnumberof(6)whobelievethatspacetourism's

timehascome.Suborbital(亚轨道的)tourismispartofabroaderspaceeconomythathas

rapidlygrownoverthepastdecade⑺technologicaladvances.However,itishighly(8)thatthis

willbetrue.

Fornow,BlueOriginandVirginGalacticwilloffer(9)suborbitalflightstopaying

customers.BlueOriginisfocusingmuchmoreonthedevelopmentofalargenewrocketthat

willbeusedforthelaunchingofsatellites,onsellingadvancedrocketenginestoother

companies,andonbidding(投标)onNASAcontractssuchastherecentlyannouncedplanto

sendhumansbacktothemoon.(10),Bezosdoesn'tseeBlueOriginasaproviderofservicesto

adventure-seekers.

Eventhis4-minutesuborbitaltravelshavea(n)(11),apparently.Amajorsurveyfoundthat

nearlytwoinfivepeoplewithanetworthofoverfivemilliondollarswouldconsiderpaying$

250,000,VirginGalactic*scurrentprice,foraticket.Thebusinesscouldbe(12),onceregular

flightsbegintooffset(抵消)therockets'developmentcosts.Buthowfastandbyhowmuch

is(13).Withouttourist-friendlydestinationstovisit(thecapacityoftheInternationalSpace

Stationisstrictlylimited),orbitaltourism,withitsfarhigherticketprices,willnotbeahuge

earner.

Anotherchallenge-andtheindustry'sbiggestremaininguncertainty-relatesto(14).History

hasshownthatadisaster,£15)intheearlystagesofanindustry,cansetprogressbackby

years.NASA(16)itsplantosendtheuntrainedtoorbitin1986afteraschoolteacherwaskilled

alongwiththerestofthecrewintheChallengertragedy.ltwasanother15yearsbeforethenext

untrainedpersonwould(17)thejourneyonaRussiancraft.

3.A.modestB.demandingC.motivationalD.unclear

4.A.obligationB.commitmentC.requirementD.survey

5.A.feltashamedofB.keptaneyeon

C.feltcontentwithD.gotupsetwith

6.A.optimistsB.opponentsC.expertsD.objectors

7.A.thankstoB.butforC.apartfromD.inspiteof

8.A.impossibleB.undoubtedC.probableD.favorable

9.A.long-lastingB.inexpensiveC.automaticD.brief

10.A.OnthecontraryB.What*smore

C.InthelongrunD.Aboveall

11.A.shortcomingB.limitationC.advantageD.appeal

12.A.profitableB.uneconomicC.eco-friendlyD.globalized

13.A.predictableB.essentialC.irrelevantD.uncertain

14.A.developmentB.securityC.stabilityD.novelty

15.A.particularlyB.criticallyC.preciselyD.unforeseeably

16.A.initiatedB.draftedC.modifiedD.suspended

17.A.braveB.abandonC.steerD.pause

第4页，共24页

D

Aboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdosoaremostlyold

BritishcolonieslikeAustralia,andIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanhavealso

developedthishabit.

Thisstrangequirk（奇事）puzzlestherestoftheworld；however,thereisaperfectlygood

reason.Uptothelate1700s,everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseitisthe

sensibleoptionforviolent,feudal（封建的）societiesofmostlyright-handedpeople.Soldiers

withtheirswordsundertheirrightarmsnaturallypassedoneachother*sright,andifyoupassed

astrangerontheroad,youwalkedonthelefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarmwas

betweenyouandhim.

RevolutionaryFrance,however,didawaywiththispracticeaspartofitssweepingsocial

rethink,andthankstoNapoleon,thischangewascarriedoutallovercontinental

Europe.Becausehewasleft-handed,hisarmieshadtomarchontherightsohecouldkeephis

swordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.Fromthenon,anycountrycolonizedbytheFrench

tooktodrivingontheright.

AftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar（1775-1783）,theUSbecameindependentanddecided

tomaketrafficdriveontherightinordertocutallremaininglinkstoitsBritishcolonial

past.OnceAmericabecamethecenterofthecarindustry,ifyouwantedagoodreliable

vehicle,youboughtAmericanright-hand-drive.Fromthenon,manycountrieschangedoutof

necessity.

Today,theEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthisisnolonger

possible.ltwouldcostbillionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.ThelastEuropeancountry

toconverttodrivingontherightwasSwedenin1967.Thisironicallycausedareductionincar

accidentsbecauseeveryonedrovecarefullywhilegettingusedtothenewsystem.

18.Whydidpeopletravelontheleftbeforethelate18thcentury?

A.Theywererequiredtodoso.

B.Theyweremostlyleft-landed.

C.Itwaseasiertocrossthestreet.

D.Theycouldfeelsaferfromattacks.

19.WhatwasNapoleon'sattitudeaboutwalkingontheleft?

A.Support.B.Disapproval.C.Doubt.D.Indifference.

20.ForAmericans,drivingontherightwasawaytoshow.

A.theconnectionwithFrancewasbroken

B.theUSwasnolongerruledbytheUK

C.theAmericanRevolutionWarhadended

D.Americawasthecenterofthecarindustry

21.WhatisthemainreasonforUK'sresistancetotheEuropeansystem?

A.Itwouldcosttoomuchtochange.

B.Itsincreasingtrafficaccidents.

C.Itsinfluenceoncolonies.

D.Itsfast-developingcarindustry.

E

■Stof»MKiPad4>hon«AurftmteTV&Hom*OntyACC*MOHMSupportQ

CareersatApplewor*MM*mAppt*

AmazeYourself,AmazetheWorldAjobatAppleisunlikeanyotheryou'vehad.You'llbe

challenged.You'llbeinspired.Andyou'llbeproud.Becausewhateveryourjobishere,youllbe

partofsomethingbig.

Everydetailmatters.

Everypieceofpackaging.Everyswipeofthefinger.Every"HowcanIhelpyou?”

Everything.Anditdoesn'tmatterjustsomeofthetime.ltmattersallofthetime.That'showwe

dothingsatApple.Theresultissomeofthebest-lovedproductsintheworld.

Simplicityisn'tsimple.

Askanyonehere.It'shardwork.Itmeansforeverasking,"Whyisitthisway?”andHHowcanit

bebetter?HItmeansrethinkingeverycustomerexperienceuntilthehasfallenaway-untilall

thatremainsiswhat'sessential,usefulandbeautiful.Thatmightbeanewproductfeaturethat

delightsevendie-hardfans.Itmightbeacustomersupportcall,orevenadisplayinanApple

store,arrangedandlitexactlyso.

Creativityfromeverycorner.

WhenyouimaginethecreativeprocessatApple,atfirstyoumaynotpicturesomeoneinHR,

oroperations,orfinance.Butweexpectcreativethinkingandsolutionsfromeveryonehere,no

matterwhattheirresponsibilitiesare.Innovationtakesmanyforms,andourpeopleseemtofind

newoneseveryday.

22.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthispassage?

第6页，共24页

A.InabookletintroducingApple'smanagement.

B.OntheofficialwebsiteofAppleInc.

C.Inthehelp-wantedadssectionofanewspaper.

D.Inamagazinetellingbusinessstories.

23.Theword"clutter"probablymeans.

A.customers*complaintB.simplequestion

C.unnecessarypartD.oldfeature

24.Accordingtothepassage,employeesareexpectedtopayattentiontothefollowing

EXCEPT.

A.thewrappingofapple'snewproducts

B.acustomersupportcall

C.theaccomplishmentsofApple

D.thelightingofanApplestore

F

Thetendencytolookforsomeoutsidegrouptoblameforourmisfortunesiscertainlycommon

anditisoftenstrengthenedbysocialprejudice.Thereseemstobelittledoubtthatoneofthe

principalcausesofprejudiceisfear-inparticularthefearthattheinterestsofourowngroup

aregoingtobeendangeredbytheactionsofanother.Thisislesslikelytobethecaseina

stable,relativelyunchangingsocietyinwhichthemembersofdifferentsocialandoccupational

groupsknowwhattoexpectofeachotherandknowwhattoexpectforthemselves.Intimesof

rapidracialandeconomicchange,however,newoccupationsandnewsocialrolesappear,and

peoplestartlookingjealouslyateachothertoseewhethertheirowngroupisbeingleftbehind.

Whenacommunitybeginstofeelunsureofitsfuture,itbecomesespeciallylikelytoturnin

uponitself,toimaginethatsurroundinggroupsarethreateningandunfriendly.Atatimelike

this,distorted（扭曲的）ideasabouttheothercommunityarereadilybelievedandarepassedon

asstatementsoffact.Oneofthetragicthingsaboutintercommunal（社区间的）conflictisthat

bothpartiesquicklyfindthemselves"moralrationalization（合理化解释）Eachsideinsists

andbelievesthatitsownactionsareinspiredbynobleideals,evenwhentheyarereallyacting

outofpureself-interest.Toathirdparty,neutraltotheconflict,itmayseemobviousthatboth

arebehavingunreasonably；butwhenone'semotionsareinvolved,andespeciallytheemotion

offear,itisextremelydifficulttoremainsensible.

Onceprejudicedevelops,itishardtostop,becausethereareoftensocialforcesatworkwhich

activelyencourageunfoundedattitudesofunfriendlinessandfeartowardsothergroups.One

suchforceiseducation：Weallknowthatchildrencanbetaughthistoryinsuchawayasto

keepaliveoldhatredandoldprejudicesbetweenracialandpoliticalgroups.Anothersocial

influencethathastobetakenseriouslyisthepressureofpublicopinion.Peopleoftenthinkand

actdifferentlyingroupsfromthewaytheywoulddoasindividuals.lttakesaconsiderable

effortofwill,andoftencallsforgreatcourage,tostandoutagainstone*sfellowsandinsistthat

theyarewrong.

Whyisitthatwehearsomuchmoreaboutthefailuresofrelationshipsbetweencommunities

thanwedoaboutthesuccesses?Iamafraiditispartlyduetotheincreaseincommunication

whichradio,televisionandthepopularpresshavebroughtabout.Inthosecountrieswherethe

mediaofmasscommunicationarecommercialenterprises,theytendtomeasuresuccessbythe

sizeoftheiraudience；andpeoplearemorelikelytobuyanewspaper,forinstance,iftheir

attentioniscaughtbysomethingdramatic,orsomethingthatcanarousetheiranxietyorinterest

asmuchasfailuresofintercommunalrelationshipsdo.Andpopularpublicspeakers,especially

iftheyarepoliticiansaddressingarelativelyinnocentaudience,knowthatthebestwayto

arousesuchanaudienceistofrightenthem.

Wherethereisarealorimaginarythreattoeconomicsecurity,thisisespeciallylikelytoarouse

groupprejudice.ltisimportanttoremembereconomicfactorsifwewishtolessenprejudice

betweengroups,becauseunlesstheyaredealtwithdirectly,itwillbelittleusesimplyadvising

peoplenottobeprejudicedagainstothergroupswhomtheyseeastheircompetitors,ifnottheir

enemies.

25.Peopleinasocietyofrapidracialandeconomicchange.

A.blameothersfortheirrecentmisfortunes

B.fearthelossofinterestsendangeredbyprejudice

C.areatalossastowhattoexpectofothersandthemselves

D.arejealousofthenewoccupationsandsocialroles

26.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutacommunityfeelingunsureofits

future?__

A.Distortedideasabouttheothercommunityareconsideredasfacts.

B.It'sextremelydifficultforathirdpartytoremainsensibleandfearless.

C.Oldhatredandprejudicesarepassedonthroughhistoryeducation.

D.Thepressureofpublicopinionmakespeoplethinkandactingroups.

第8页，共24页

27.Thefailuresofrelationshipsbetweencommunitiesare.

A.commercialproductsofthemediaofmasscommunication

B.considereddramaticandarousing

C.lessenedduetorealorimaginarythreattoeconomicsecurity

D.dealtwithdirectlybyadvisingpeoplenottobeprejudiced

28.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.howtoeliminatesocialprejudice

B.whatasensiblesocietyislike

C.whatcausessocialprejudice

D.howtobuildasensiblesociety

A.Shebelievesthatgriefandjoycancoexist.

B.Shebelievesthatjoyisnowheretobefound.

C.Heart-broken,hermotherdecidedtotrytogivemeaningtohergrief.

D.Thetrainingwasreallyawayofgoingevendeeperintoothers1griefandjoy.

E.Rather,theysupportclientsemotionally,physically,spirituallyandpractically.

F.Butthelongershetookpartintheprogram,themoresherealizedthatshewas

onlyanexpertinhergrief.

Asparentsofachildwithaprogressiveandpotentiallyfatalillness,MaryanneandNickO'Hara

livedonhope.Hopethattheirdaughter,Caitlin,whowasdiagnosedwithcysticfibrosisatage2,

wouldreceivethelungtransplantshespenttwoandahalfyearswaitingforinherearly

30s.Hopethatherbodywouldn'trejectit.ThathopefadedonDec.20,2016,whenCaitlindied

ofabrainbleed,twodayspost-transplant.Shewas33.

(1)Andsoshesignedforacertificateprogramtobecomeanend-of-lifedoula(陪护),or

"deathdoula",workingwithindividualsandfamiliesastheymovedfromthislifeinto

whateverisnext.

Unlikehospitalworkers,doulasdon'tgetinvolvedinmedicalissues.(2)Andtheystepin

wheneverneeded.Thatcouldbeafewdaysbeforesomeonedies,sittingwiththemintheirlast

hours,givinghandmassages,chattingwiththemorevenmakingsnacks.Oritcouldbemonths

orevenyearsearlier,aftersomeonereceivesaterminaldiagnosis.Theykeepthem

company,listentotheirlifestories,orplanfunerals.

AsforMs.O'Hara,whoisalsoanovelist,sheisprimarilyhelpingpeoplewritetheirlifestories.

HIwentintoitthinkingI'vebeenavolunteerwithpeoplewhoaredying.Pvelostmyloved

one.I'manexpertingrief/Hshesaid.⑶

"Youreallycan'ttellanyoneelsehowtofeelgrief,"Ms.O'Harasaid."Youcanofferadvice,but

thereisnotimelineforgrief.Assoonaspeoplegetadiagnosis,theyaregrieving.Theirwayof

lifeisover."

(4)nMygriefisnevergoingtogoaway,"shesaid.HIwouldn'twantitto.Griefandjoyandlove

-it'spartofthesamespectrum(图谱).I'mgrievingbecauseIlovedsomeonesomuch."

29.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

30.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

31.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

32.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

33.Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)

ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Coco-Cola'sInnovativeSolutiontoPlasticPollutionPlasticpollutionhasbecomeoneof

themostpressingproblemsofthe21stcenturywithplasticwastealmosteverywhere.ltis

estimatedthatjustin2016,theworldproducedover320milliontonsofplastic,andthis

numberissettodoubleby2034.

Plasticwasteevenmakesitswayintoouroceanswith8millionpiecesofplasticpollution

perdaypollutingourwatersanddestroyingthehabitatforhundredsofspecies.ltisnow

believedthattheremaybearound5.25trillionpiecesofplasticintheoceanweighingin

totalupto269,000tons.

It'sbeencrystalclearforalongtimethatthesituationishorrible,andsomethingneedsto

bedone,andfast.Luckily,Coca-Colasteppeduptothechallengeandcameupwithone

innovativeandrathereffectivesolution.Thefirmisreplacingitsplasticwrappingin

Europewithanewpaperboardtechnology.

ThisnewtechiscalledtheKeelClipanditisafirstforthenon-alcoholready-to-drink

(NARTD)industry.UsingKeelClips,Coca-Colaaimstoremoveallplasticwrapfromits

canmultipacksinallEuropeanUnionmarketsbytheendof2021.Thefirmisoptimistic

第10页，共24页

thatthemovewillsave2,OOOtonsofplasticand3,000tonsofCO2annually.

nInnovationisakeyprincipleofoursustainablepackagingworkandtheapplicationof

thisfullyrecyclablepaperboardKeelClip™,whichiscomposedofatopboardthatthecans

clipintoandacentralcardboard'keel'-similartoaship'skeel-thatstabilizesthepack,is

anotherexampleofhowwearedeliveringonourcommitmenttoremoveallunnecessary

andhard-to-recyclesingle-useplasticfromourproducts.Wehopethiseco-friendly

initiativeisaconsciousapproachtodealingwithplasticpollution,"saidJoeFranses,Vice

President,SustainabilityatCoca-ColaEuropeanPartners.

34.随着经济的增长，人们对于奢侈品的需求也随之增长。(so)

35.消息传来，导演们计划拍摄一部纪录片以向身边的志愿者们表示敬意。(honor)

36.直到战争爆发、数百万人流离失所，他才意识到个人的命运与国家的命运息息相关。

(break)

37.在你尝试掌握一门新技术之时，你很可能一筹莫展、甚至萌生退意。但毫无疑问的

是，你坚持的时间越久，你就越能更好地应用这门技术。(loss)

Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

假如你是明启中学的学生李平，写信给你在海外的朋友Alice,与她分享居家线上学习的

感受。你的信必须包括：

•线上学习和在校学习的不同；

•你更偏好的学习方式，并说明理由。

答案和解析

1.【答案】【小题1】dates

【小题2】that

【小题3】offering

【小题4】and

【小题5】because

【小题6]who

【小题7】hadbecome

【小题8]Used

【小题9】some

【小题10]would

【解析】(1)dates.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然饮茶的习俗可以追溯到公元

前3000年的中国，但这种饮料直到17世纪中期才出现在英国。描述事实，所以用一般

现在时态，主语为单数名词，故填dates。

(2)that.考查强调句。句意：奇怪的是，据说正是伦敦的咖啡馆把茶引入了英国。本

句为强调句，强调句型为：itis+被强调部分+that…，本句强调了主语，故填that。

(3)offering.考查现在分词。句意：最早提供茶叶的咖啡馆商人之一是托马斯•加威

(ThomasGarway),他早在1657年就向公众出售液体茶和干茶。offer和它所修饰的

词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语，故填。ffering。

(4)and.考查连词。句意：三年后，他出版了一本大的小册子，宣传茶的优点和它对

健康的积极作用。前后是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。

(5)because.考查原因状语从句。句意：茶在咖啡馆里迅速流行起来，这让酒吧老板很

苦恼，因为茶会减少他们啤酒的销量。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为“，故填because。

(6)who.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：与此同时，这对政府官员来说也是个坏消息，

他们依赖于酒类销售税收的稳定收入来源。先行词为人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语,

故填whOo

(7)hadbecome.考查动词时态。句意：到1750年，茶已经成为英国下层阶级喜爱的饮

料。根据时间状语By1750,可知描述截止到过去的事情，所以用过去完成时态，故填

hadbecomeo

(8)Used.考查过去分词。句意：用过的茶叶也被重新干燥并添加到新鲜的茶叶中。use

和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，故填Used。

第12页，共24页

(9)some.考查代词。句意：最后，1784年，小威廉•皮特决定采取一些措施来扭转局

势。measures为可数名词的复数，所以用some修饰，表示"一些"，故填some。

(10)would.考查时态。句意:他还采取了许多其他措施，希望这样的尝试可以阻止掺

假。表示“过去将会"，后跟动词原形，故填would。

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了茶在英国的历史由来和发展情况。

做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到

的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。

因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

2.【答案】【小题1】B

【小题2】D

【小题3】J

【小题4】C

【小题5】G

【小题6]A

【小题7】F

【小题8】K

【小题9】H

【小题10]E

【解析】(1)B.考查形容词。句意：在中国，富有创意的贷款机构也会查看借款人的

卫生间。由后文的"lookatborrowers'bathrooms"贷款机构查看借款人的卫生间,这说明

这种贷款机构是很有创意的，空格处用形容词修饰名词lenders,"有创意的”的形容词是

creativeo故选B。

(2)D.考查名词。句意：尽管这个国家变得更加富有，金融体系却没有跟上。由上文

的"Whilethecountryisgettingwealthier"可知，句子表示"尽管这个国家变得更加富有，

金融体系却没有跟上"，"跟上"是固定短语keeppace,空格处是pace。故选D。

(3)J.考查名词。句意：一些人没有获得信用卡或抵押贷款的渠道，因此贷款人通常没

有关于潜在借款人的可靠信息。由后文的"solendersoftenhavelittlereliableinformation

aboutpotentialborrowers"可知，贷款人通常没有关于潜在借款人的可靠信息，由此可知，

这些借款人是没有信用卡，"hadno(3)to"意为"不能使用"，是固定短语havenoaccess

to,空格处是access,故选J»

(4)C.考查动词。句意：他们会拍下潜在借款人工作时的照片，以确认其就业状况。

由上文的"Theytakephotosofapotentialborroweratwork"可知，他们会拍下潜在借款人

工作时的照片，这么做是为了确认其就业状况，空格处意为“确认"，是confirm,空格处

用不定式表目的，由此空格处用动词原形，故选C。

(5)G.考查现在分词。句意：互联网巨头阿里巴巴、腾讯和百度正在开发基于用户在

线交易和搜索历史的信用评分系统。由后文的"basedonusers'onlinetransactions(交易)

andsearchhistories"可知，句子表示"互联网巨头阿里巴巴、腾讯和百度正在开发基于用

户在线交易和搜索历史的信用评分系统"，"评分系统”是scoringsystem,由此空格处是

scoring,故选G。

(6)A.考查形容词。句意：中国的银行拥有适度的消费者贷款业务。由上文的“。nlylO

percenthaveeverborrowedfromtheformalfinancialsystem"可知，中国的银行拥有适度的

消费者贷款业务，空格处意为“适度的“，用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语“consumers

lendingbusiness",是modest»故选A。

(7)F.考查形容词。句意：相反，在线贷款机构正成为先锋，满足了中国日益壮大的

消费阶层。由后文的"satisfyingChina'srisingconsumerclass"可知，要满足中国日益壮大

的消费阶层，就出现了一些在线贷款机构，空格处意为"出现"，是emerge,由are可知，

句子时态是现在进行时，空格处用现在分词emerging。故选F。

(8)K.考查名词。句意：事实证明，P2P平台在中国非常受欢迎，但该行业的声誉已

被一些丑闻所毁，比如易租宝的倒闭。由上文的"theindustry'sreputationhasbeenruinedby

scandal”可知，该行业的声誉已被一些丑闻所毁，所以就有了易租宝的倒闭，空格处是“

倒闭"，用名词，是collapse。故选K。