2020年三峡大学791综合英语 考研真题试卷

三峡大学

2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

科目代码：791科目名称：综合英语

考试时间为3小时，卷面总分为150分

答案必须写在答题纸上

一、单项选择(Thereare15sentencesinthissection.Beneatheach

sentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheone

thatbestcompleteseachofthefollowingsentences.Writedownthe

correspondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.本大题共15小题，每小题1分，

共15分)

1.Mothersholdingjobsoutsidethehomeshouldhaveschedulestomakeit

easiertocarefortheirchildren.

A.heavyB.smoothC.flexibleD.complex

2.Aftertheguestsleft,shespentasmuchtimeasshecouldtherooms.

A.tidyupB.toclearawayC.clearawayD.tidyingup

3.Drugabusingmayhavesomesideeffectsonone'shealth;however,itisnotalways

ifhestopsittimely.

A.permanentB.temporaryC.avoidableD.beneficial

4.He'sdrinkandneverdoesastrokeofwork.

A.gonetoB.takentoC.takenupD.gonefor

5.Thebraveman,__thetigerwasshot,isagoodhunter.

A.ofwhomB.bythatC.bywhomD.bywhich

6.Thebuildingwillbecompletedinamonth.Itwillbeourlabbuilding.

A.topaintB.beingpaintedC.tohavepaintedD.painting

7.I’msurethatqualification,abilityandexperience,youaresuitedtothe

position.

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第1页/共11页）

A.onaccountofB.intermsofC.onthebasisofD.inthelightof

8.1thoughtthemedicinewouldmakehimsleep,butithadtheeffect.

A.contraryB.oppositelyC.againstD.opposite

9.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestionshad

usedtheproducts.

A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which

10.Theeducationsystemratherthantheteachersfortheoverburdenon

thestudents.

A.aretoanswerB.istoanswerC.areansweredD.isanswered

11.Shesaidshewasgladthedifficultyhadbeen.

A.clearedawayB.clearedupC.brokenawayD.brokendown

12.TheworkmenmadesomuchthatMrs.Walkerhadtospendthreedays

cleaningupafterwards.

A.troubleB.damageC.messD.nuisance

13.Heneverarrivesontimeandmyisthathefeelsthemeetingsare

useless.

A.preferenceB.conferenceC.inferenceD.reference

14.Theseventeenthcenturywasonemanyadvancesweremadeinscience.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

15.Youressayisquitegood:justitwithafewillustrationsand

quotations.

A.put...upB.touch...upC.cut...outD.write...off

二、阅读理解(InthissectionyouaregoingtoreadFOURpassageswith

fivequestionsattachedtoeachofthem.Decideonthebestchoicefor

eachquestionandwritedownthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.

本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)

PassageOne

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Hawaii'snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoverits

ownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago^politicalestablishment,whichincludes

theWhiteAmericanswhodominateduntilthesecondworldwarandpeopleof

Japanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

TheislandswereannexedbytheUnitedStatesin1898andsincethenHawaii's

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第2页/共11页）

nativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeup

over60percentofthestate'shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentand

theirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.Theyaretheonlymajor

U.S.nativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii'sfirstnativegovernor,

JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives,causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthatthe

Hawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiian

nation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwant

greaterautonomywithinthestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannatives

overmatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeof

HawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives'

interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereignty

movement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnation

in1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUnitedStates.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhow

manypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeople

withmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalso

wanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itison

thisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In

1993,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAUS$136millioninbackrentonthecrown

landandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenup

itsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

A.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

B.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

C.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

D.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofJohnWaihee?

A.HeisHawaii'sfirstnativegovernor.

B.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

C.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

D.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

3・Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudetowardsthematterof

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第3页/共11页）

sovereignty?

A.AmericanIndiannatives.B.TheHawaiiannatives.

C.TheKaLahuigroup.D.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs

4.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.agreaterautonomywithinthestateB.morebackrentonthecrownland

C.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownlandD.fullindependencefromtheU.S.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.thenativeHawaiiansovereigntymovements.

B.thehistoryofnativeHawaii.

C.thelifeofnativeHawaiians.

D.thedemandsofnativeHawaiians.

PassageTwo

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Scientistshavebegunusingsatellite-basedsystemstopredictvolcaniceruptions.

Thisallowsblanketcoverageoftheentireworld.Envisatisthemostadvancedcraft

ofthistype.Ithassensorsthat,byrecognizingthecharacteristicopticalsignatureof

varioussubstancesintheatmosphere,candetectthepresenceofspecificgases,such

assulphurdioxide.Thesemayindicateanimminentvolcaniceruption.

MikeAbrams,ascientistatAmerica'sspaceagency,NASA,saysthatthe

limitingfactoronallsuchsatellitesis,surprisingly,nottechnological,buttemporal.

Theorbitsinwhichtheyareplacedallowthemtoobservetheentireearth,butthey

cannotpassoveraparticularspotmorefrequentlythanonceevery15daysorso.Dr.

Abramsarguesthatmoresatellitesareneededtogathersufficientdataontheearth's

volcanoes.Existingsatellites,though,doatleastserveasanearlywarningsystem.If

oneofthemdetectssomethingamiss,localvolcanologistscanthenintensifytheir

localmonitoringefforts.Ifnecessary,theycaneveninitiateanevacuation.

Inaddition,itisimportanttopredictlahars,flowingmixturesofrock,debris,

ashandwater,whichareoftensetoffwhenhotlavameetscoldsnow.Laharscan

traveldownamountainasfastas60kilometersperhour.In1985alaharsetoffby

theeruptionoftheNevadadelRuizvolcanoinColumbiakilled25,000people.With

acousticflowmonitors,suchasthosedevelopedbytheUSGSinthelastfiveyears,

suchatragiclossoflifemighthavebeenaverted.Theflowmonitorsare

seismometers,whichmeasurevibration,andaresensitivetohigherfrequenciesthan

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第4页/共11页）

thoseusedtorecordearthquakesandvolcanicactivities.Thisletsthemhearlahars

fromalongwayoff,creatingavaluableextrahouroftimethatcanbeusedto

evacuate.Suchsystemsarenowinplaceallroundtheworld.

Volcaniceruptionsaredangerousnotonlytopeopleontheground,butalsoto

thoseintheair.AccordingtotheUSGS,morethan80commercialaircraftshaverun

intounexpectedvolcanicashinthepast15years,withtheresultingdamagecosting

hundredsofmillionsofdollars.Iftheoptimistsareright,thethreatfromvolcanoes

couldonedaybecomeaknownone.Thereisaproblem,though.Theworkthatneeds

tobedonereliesonthecontinualuseofsatellitesandroundmonitoring.

Volcanologistsarenowissuinganewwarning:thatitisparticularlyhardtoget

fundingfbrthiskindofwork.Thisissomethingthateverybodyshouldbebothered

about.

6.Howcanexistingsatellitespredictvolcaniceruption?

A.Theyusemonitoringsystemstodetectthepresenceofspecificgases.

B.Theirorbitsallowthemtoobservetheentireearthandpredictvolcanic

eruptions.

C.Theydetectthepresenceofspecificgasesbygatheringdataontheearth's

volcanoes.

D.Theyusesensorstodetectthepresenceofspecificgases.

7.WhatofthefollowingisINCORRECTaboutlahars!

A.Laharsaretheflowingmixtureofrocks,ashesandwater.

B.Laharsareproducedwhenvolcaniclavameetscoldsurface.

C.SeismometerscansuccessfullystoptheflowingofLahars.

D.Laharsmightbringdevastatingconsequences.

8.TheexampleoflaharfromtheNevadadelRuizvolcanoin1985isusedtoshow

that.

A.acousticflowmonitorsareeffectiveinpredictinghahars.

B.acousticflowmonitorsareusedallaroundtheworld.

C.acousticflowmonitorscancompletelypreventlahars.

D.acousticflowmonitorsaresensitivetohigherfrequencies.

9.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Effectivecontrolovervolcaniceruptions.

B.Perspectiveofpredictionaboutvolcaniceruptions.

C・Damageofvolcaniceruptionstohumanbeings.

D.Effectivepredictionaboutlahars

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第5页/共11页）

10.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardtheprospectofvolcaniceruptionprediction?

A.pessimistic.B.skeptical.C.bothered.D.optimistic.

PassageThree

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whennextyear'scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityin

thefallof2009,they911bejoinedbyanewface;AndrewHamilton,the55-year-old

provost（教务长）ofYale,who'llbecomeOxford'svice-chancellor—aposition

equivalenttouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn'ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,

Singapore,etc.,havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Higher

educationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomany

businesses,it'sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn'tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel

tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon,ttendtoseriouslyconsider

lookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearched

foranewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajor

sourceoftheuniversity'sbudget."Wedidn'tdoanyglobalconsideration,Msays

PatriciaHayes,theboard'schair.TheboardultimatelypickedBruceBenson,a

69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellin

themaintaskofmodemuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisa

distinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.The

fund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependenton

governmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrising

studentnumber.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefunding-raisingan

increasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministratorsandhasmadehiringcommittees

hungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.

In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYale

provost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjob

shehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale'sfinancialposition.”

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn'ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationof

educationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternational

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第6页/共11页）

experienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobal

studentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.

11.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

A.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

B.Alotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasadministrators.

C.InstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheU.S.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

12.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-level

administrators?

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.B.Theiradministrativeexperience.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.D.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

13.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

A.Thetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Mostoftheirrevenuescomefromthegovernment.

C.Theyarehavingarisingnumberofinternationalstudents.

D.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentsupervision.

14.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchiefly

because.

A.sheknewhowtoattractinternationalstudents.

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

D.shehadenhancedYale'sacademicstatus

15.Accordingtothelastparagraph,inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfrom

abroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

A.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theycanenhancetheuniversity'sreputation.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

PassageFour

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Peoplehavebeenpaintingpicturesfbratleast30,000years.Theearliest

pictureswerepaintedbypeoplewhohuntedanimals.Theyusedtopaintpicturesof

theanimalstheywantedtocatchandkill.Picturesofthiskindhavebeenfoundon

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第7页/共11页）

thewallsofcavesinFranceandSpain.Nooneknowswhytheywerepaintedthere.

Perhapsthepaintersthoughtthattheirpictureswouldhelpthemtocatchthese

animals.Orperhapshumanbeingshavealwayswantedtotellstoriesinpictures.

About5,000yearsagotheEgyptiansandotherpeopleintheNearEastbegan

tousepicturesasakindofwriting.Theydrewsimplepicturesorsignstorepresent

thingsandideas,andalsotorepresentthesoundsoftheirlanguage.Thesignsthese

peopleusedbecameakindofalphabet.

TheEgyptiansusedtorecordinformationandtotellstoriesbyputting

picture-writingandpicturestogether.Whenanimportantpersondied,scenesand

storiesfromhislifewerepaintedandcarvedonthewallsoftheplacewherehewas

buried.Someofthesepicturesarelikemoderncomiostrip（连环画）stories.Ithas

beensaidthatEgyptisthehomeofthecomicstrip.But,fortheEgyptians,pictures

stillhadmagicpower.Sotheydidnottrytomaketheirwayofwritingsimple.The

ordinarypeoplecouldnotunderstandit.

Bytheyear1,000BC,peoplewholivedintheareaaroundtheMediterranean

Seahaddevelopedasimplersystemofwriting.Thesignstheyusedwereveryeasyto

write,andtherewerefewerofthemthanintheEgyptiansystem.Thiswasbecause

eachsign,orletter,representedonlyonesoundintheirlanguage.TheGreeks

developedthissystemandformedtheletteroftheGreekalphabet.TheRomans

copiedtheidea,andtheRomanalphabetisnowusedailovertheworld.

Thesedays,wecanwritedownastory,orrecordinformation,withoutusing

pictures.Butwestillneedpicturesofallkinds:drawings,photographs,signs,and

diagrams.Wefindthemeverywhere:inbooksandnewspapers,inthestreets,andon

thewallsoftheplaceswhereweliveandwork.Pictureshelpustounderstandand

rememberthingsmoreeasily,andtheycanmakeastorymuchmoreinteresting.

16.PicturesofanimalswerepaintedonthewallsofcavesinFranceandSpain

because.

A.thehunterswantedtodecoratetheircaves

B.thepainterswereanimallovers

C.thepainterswantedtolearnaboutanimals

D.thehunterswantedtoseethepictures

17.TheGreekalphabetwassimplerthantheEgyptianssystemforallthefollowing

reasonsexcept.

A.theformerwaseasytopronounce.

B.therewerefewersignsintheformer.

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第8页/共11页）

C.theformerwaseasytowrite.

D.eachsignstoodforonlyonesound.

18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.theRomanalphabetwasdevelopedfromtheEgyptiansone.

B.TheEgyptianslikedtowritecomic-stripstories.

C.TheEgyptiansignslaterbecameaparticularalphabet.

D.TheGreekcopiedtheirwritingsystemfromtheEgyptians.

19.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorthinksthatpictures.

A.shouldbemademoreaccessible

B.areofmuchuseinourlife

C.aredisappearingfromourlife

D.shouldbemademoreinteresting

20.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.theoriginofletters.B.thehistoryofsomewritingsystems.

C.thehistoryofpictures.D.theoriginofpictures.

三、完型填空(Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbest

completethepassageifinsertedintothecorrespondingblanks.Thewordscan

beusedONCEONLY.WritedowntheletterforeachwordontheANSWER

SHEET.每空1.5分，共15分)

A.laundryB.exaggerateC.emphasizeD.certainlyE.indignant

F.removedG.amountH.excessivelyI.complicatedJ.handled

K・flavorL.professionalM.introducedN.calculationO.balance

Manyoftheaidswhichareadvertisedasliberatingthemodemwomantendto

havetheoppositeeffect,becausetheysimplychangethenatureofworkinsteadof

eliminatingit.Machineshaveacertainnoveltyvalue,liketoysfbradults.Itis_1_

lesstiringtoputclothesinawashingmachine,butthetimesaveddoesnotreally

—2_toomuch:themachinehastobewatched,theclotheshavetobecarefully

sortedfirst,stains_3_byhand,buttonspushedandwaterchanged,clothestaken

out,airedandironed.

Itwouldbemoreliberatingtopackitallofftoa_4_andnotnecessarily

moreexpensive,sincenocapitalinvestmentisrequired.Similarly,ifyoureallywant

tosavetimeyoudonotmakecakeswithanelectricmixer,youbuyoneinashop.If

onecomparestheimageofdomesticatedwomanfosteredbythewomen'smagazines

withthegoodsadvertisedbythoseperiodicals,advertisingwhichfinancesthem,one

三峡大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题

（第9页/共11页）

realizeshowusefulaprojectedimagecanbeincommerce.Acareful_5_hastobe

struck:ifyoushowalabor-savinggadget,followitupwitha_6_recipeonthe

nextpage;onnoaccounthintatthenotionthatawomancouldgetherselfajob,but

insteadfosterhersenseofherownusefulness,_7_thecreativeaspectofher

functionasahousewife.Sowegetcakemixeswherethecooksimplyaddsanegg

herself;toproduce“thatlovelyhome-baked_8_thefamilylove”,andknitting

patternsthatcanbemadebyhand,orworsestil