新闻词汇特点

前词首部+后词尾部literati:文人学士bureaucrat:官僚主义者前词全部+后词尾部discotheque:discoanalyzer:分析仪welfare:福利前词首部+后词全部script:手稿ecology:生态thug:恶棍journal:定期刊物trash:垃圾can:箱，罐前词首部+后词首部intelligence:情报memorandum:备忘录comedy:喜剧-er构词(SP49/FP139)-er：做…的人/机器babyboom:婴儿潮term:任期thinktank:智囊团track:足迹，轨迹gloom:忧郁doom:世界末日hip:臀部hug:紧拥trot:快步走报刊用喻(SP57/FP207)政治关系常用性爱等相关的比喻表达court:追求flirt:调情proposition:建议冲突、竞赛等常用暴力、战争等有关的比喻表达inflation:通货膨胀corruption:腐败turf:地盘propaganda:宣传常用俚语（SP89/FP121）buckbustkneejerkpropoormouthjawbonecoollowdownegotripyuckgreenmuggerpinkslipbuddynerdjackuphypeturn-onquickfixupscalesobstuffnabnutsgoody-goodybingegoofprofuptightnukeposhsavvymuckrakingyuppiesgo-goodds-onwhoppingcome-onfoodiekillerrookie词语的文化内涵（SP102）junkfood:垃圾食品couchpotato:总日懒散在家的人peasant,politics,propaganda都具有贬义cowboy:牛仔sintaxes:对烟、酒、赌博等所征收的税politicalcampaign:竞选运动seniorcitizen:老年人street-walker:妓女do-gooder:不现实的慈善家baby-kisser:善于笼络人心的政客easymeat:容易受骗的人openhouse:开放参观日call-girl:应召女郎whistle-blower:告密者busybody:爱管闲事的人hardmoney:合法政治选金gaymarriage:同性婚姻复合词（SP116/FP165）复合名词identitycrisiswebsitecheckbookparticipationretirementbabysuicidebomberLewinskyeffectdepthinterviewhouseboat复合形容词war-wearytop-heavysizzlinghotbitter-sweetwringwetfreezingcold复合动词walletX-rayhandcarryvacuumcleanmassproducegreenwashfast-talktape-recordteam-teach派生构词（SP123/FP72）派生构词就是利用前、后缀构成新的词。post-:…之后post-nationalism:后民族主义post-modernismpost-graduate-ish:…的（形容词后缀）/…人（名词）foolish,greenish,Polish,Spanish-tion:将动词改变名词globalization,globalizesimplification,simplify-able:能…（形容词）xeroxablelivableportable-er:…人/机器（名词）dinerencoder-less:没有…（形容词）smokelessthanklesstopless-ise/-ize:使…（动词）computerizemechanizeauthorize-ism:…主义/歧视（名词）ageism,sexism,heightism,weightism,intelligencismMarxism,idealism,realism,modernism-wise:在…方面（副词）personalitywiseexperiencewisebudgetwiseweatherwise,anticlockwiseanti-:反，抗，消除anti-humananti-inflationantiheroantiartdis-:非…disinformationdisinflationnon-:非，无，不nonpoliticalnonprofitnoneventnonpersonout-:超过，多于outgunoutscoreoutproduceover-:超过，过多overcapacityoverkilloverpurchasepro-:赞成…pro-gunpro-lifepro-reforminfo-:信息infoglutinfo-techinfoweaponFromtheFirstEdition-ia(…地界)suburbia市郊exurbia远郊-eteria/-teria（低档的，小规模经营的…）luncheteria小饭店fruiteria小水果店roadeteria路边小食摊de-（离开，除去）detrain下火车deregulation取消规定debug拆除窃听装置dis-（否定，相反）disassemble拆卸disinflation通缩eco-（生态）ecocrisis生态危机ecocide生态灭绝non-（非，不重要的）nonpolitical非政治的nonevent不重要的事nonbook无价值的书under-（低于，少于）underfeed不喂饱underreport低报un-（非…）un-American不像美国人的-wise（在…方面）weatherwise就天气方面而言budgetwise就预算方面而言securitywise就安全方面而言mini-(微型的）minicam小型照相机miniproject小工程minisurvey小规模调查-gate（丑闻）Watergate水门事件Monicagate克林顿的性丑闻美国社会群体相关词语（SP149）按种族划分whitepeopleblackpeople/Afro-AmericansHispanicsAsian-AmericansAmerindians按地位划分upperclassuppermiddleclassmiddleclasslowermiddleclasslowerclass按职业划分white-collarblue-collargray-collarpink-collartelecommuters/open-collarsteel-collar按年代划分MissionaryGenerationLostGenerationG.I.GenerationSilentGenerationBabyBoomGenerationThirteenthGenerationMillenniumGeneration词性转化（SP157/FP225）名词——动词Hemouthedfinewordsaboutfriendship.动词——名词Liketoday’shavesandhavenots,wewillhaveasocietyoftheknowsandknownots.形容词——名词undesirablesunreachablesvariablesgaysnever-marriedsunwantedsperishablespin-upsunreadablesundecidesretiredstheyoungmarrieds词义变化（SP180）词义扩大economyorientationarriveplaceintrovertbottom-linewattvoltxerox词义缩小exploitationpilltheHilltheCitywebviruspageserveryouthfailureterror词义降格peasantvulgarpropagandagayhussyvillain词义升格nimbleshrewdcraftsmanparadisenaturalgreen网络新词常用词缀（SP187）E-:电子…EE-paperE-businessE-currencyhyper-:超…hyperlinkhyperaccesshypertexthypermediacyber-:电脑，网络cyberculturecybercommunitycyber-crimecyber-friendcyber-starcyber-cafécyberspeakcybernaut委婉语（SP201）缩小性委婉语生老病死Sheisexpecting.=Sheispregnant.passaway,depart=dieelderlypeople,seniorcitizens=oldpeople贫穷needy,underprivileged,disadvantaged=poorundocumentedworkers=illegalimmigrantworker犯罪surreptitiousentry=burglarycorrectionalcenter=prison性makelove=havesexprivateparts=sexualorgans夸张性委婉语机构university=collegeindustry=smallcompanies职业beautician=hairdresserlandscaper=gardenersuperintendant=janitor政治、军事recession=economiccrisisindustrialaction/dispute=strikesubstandardhousing=slumwelfare=reliefinnercity=ghettoinvasion=aggression习语活用（SP210/FP56）节缩（省词）Employersfosternose-to-the-grindstonestrategies.foster:抱着，怀有nose-to-the-grindstone来自习语keepone’snosetothegrindstone（埋头苦干）扩展（加词）InsideRosalyn’svelvetgloveisastainlesssteelhand.velvetglove:天鹅绒手套stainlesssteel:不锈钢套用（改词）Salariesdidincrease.ButsodidtheracetokeepupwiththeWangs.keepupwiththeJoneses:跟上潮流拆用Theyhaveamountainofhigh-resoundingresolveandamolehillofresults.resounding:响亮的resolve:决心molehill:鼹鼠洞makeamountainoutofamolehill:小题大做名词定语（SP216/FP159）使用名词定语是为了savespacenotiondetectionchip:意念探测芯片locationtechnology:定位技术multimediaphoneservice:多媒体电话服务aftermarketautomobileGPSsystem:配件市场上出售的汽车全球定位系统dietpill:减肥药片boomgeneration:婴儿潮一代powergameturfwarpropertytaxtubestrikeperkcitypovertylineinterestgroupminimumwagepressuregroupconveniencefoodhealthinsurancestonekillerTVviolencescaretalkremarriageratedrugdealersexworkeremergencysheltersupervisionagencyrefugeelawbreastcancersurgeryraceriotworkplacecrimejobtrainingchildabusecardboardcondoswelfaremotherguncontrollawstreetgangabortionadvocateteensexclothingdrivediscountstorepanicbuying前置定语（SP224/FP17）不用定语从句，而用前置定语，目的是为了savespace。theseven-cm-long,pointy-earednightstalker:七厘米长、耳朵渐渐的黑夜杀手stroke-ravagedtissues:因中风而受到破坏的组织poison-derivedexperimentaldrugs:用毒素制作的还处于试验阶段的药品anall-maleclubonce-poorfarmers名词短语作前置定语mom-and-popstoresadead-endjoblong-fiberfoodwaste-to-energypowerplant动词短语作前置定语astand-upmeetingstart-upcostsdrive-byshootingago-with-the-streamperson形容词短语作前置定语adecade-longshortagewar-wearycitizensfire-proofmaterialssugar-freedrink介词短语作前置定语on-the-jobproblemson-siteserviceon-the-spotinvestigationunder-the-counterdealings分词短语作前置定语turned-onaudienceland-basedmissilesexually-transmitteddiseasefull-blowncase句子作前置定语aseeing-is-believingattitudethethree-strikes-you’re-outlaw称号、职务前置（SP268/FP123）federaljudge:联邦法官…Frenchdemographer:法国人口统计学家…Rallyleader:集会的组织者Syndicatedcolumnist:报业辛迪加专栏作家CornellUniversitylaboreconomist:康奈尔大学人力经济学家FormerCityUniversityofNewYorksociologist:前任纽约城市大学社会学家ThelateHarvardMedicalSchoolpsychiatryprofessor:已故哈佛医学院精神病学教授核军备有关术语（SP240/FP193）strategic:战略的tactical:战术的intercontinental:洲际的ballistic:弹道的intermediate:中远程的launch:发射warhead:弹头initiative:主动，主动权借代（SP287/FP240）CapitolHill/TheHill/TheCapitol:美国国会WhiteHouse:（白宫）美国政府Whitehall:（白厅）英国政府Elysee:（爱丽舍宫）法国政府WallStreet:金融业MadisonStreet:广告业Broadway:戏剧业Hollywood:电影业thebear:苏联BigApple:纽约DiceCity:拉斯维加斯MotorCity:底特律Ivan:俄罗斯人Wang:中国人JohnBull:英国人JohnDoe:无名氏借代thebar–thelegalprofessionDowningStreet–theBritishGovernmenttheFleetStreet–theBritishpressBuckinghamPalace–theBritishroyalfamilyElephant–theAmericanRepublicanPartyDonkey–theAmericanDemocraticPartythePentagon–theU.S.militaryestablishmentScotlandYard–theLondonpoliceFoggyBottom–theU.S.StateDepartmentWashington–theU.S.governmentKremlin–theRussiangovernment说意动词（SP294/FP114）GrandMosque:大清真寺grumble:抱怨地说invoke:祈求，召唤rioter:参加暴乱的人lament:悲伤地说hasten:急促地说address:向…致辞theANC:非洲民族会议revert:回到fanatics:狂热者draft:起草holler:大声叫喊kisshisass:踢他的屁股sputter:激动地说（说到口沫横飞）winded:喘气的shrug:耸肩缩略词（SP302/FP253）截短词：截取原词的某个音节doc,demob,hood,dozer,info,net,techpop,vet,semis,teens,ex首字母缩写CD,GM,HOV,CPX,WTO,UN,首字母缩拼DIMP,ROM,UFO,NOW,DINK,NATO,APEC,WHO,OPEC借词（SP311）借词：borrowing，从别的语言