英语-阅读理解(十三)

英语-阅读理解（十三）

（总分:90.00,做题时间:90分钟）

（总题数：9,分数：90.00）

FIVE-DAYWEATHER

TODAYTOMORROWSUNDAYMONDAYTUESDAY

High28

Low20

High27High24

Mainly

Low19Low16

High29cloudyHigh26

SunnywithWindywith

Low21withLow17

cloudythundershowers

VariablyisolatedThundershowers

periodsandpossibly

cloudyshowers（POP80%）

developinginstorminthe

Sunrise:endinginSunrise:

theafternoonnorth

6:35a.m.the6:40a.m.

Sunrise:Sunrise:

Sunset:afternoonSunset:

6:38a.m.6:42a.m.

8:04p.m.Sunrise:7:57p.m.

Sunset:Sunset:

6:36a.rn.

8:00p.m.7:55p.m.

Sunset:

8:02p.m.

（分数：10.00）

（1）.Whichdayisbestforapicnicbasedontheinformationmthetable?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.D.Monday.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。题目问哪一天的天气适合去野餐?显然野餐最好是在晴天。据天气预报，Sunday

当天为晴天，午间有云。由此可推知正确答案是C选项。

（2）.Whatdoes"POP"probablymean?

A.Placesofpresence.B.Patternsofpresence.

C.Periodofpresence.D.Probabi1ityofpresence.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：［解析］词汇推断题。由预报可知，Monday当天会有雷阵雨，据此可推测，降雨概率为80%所以

正确答案是D选项。

（3）.Disastrousweathermayoccuron.

A.FridayB.SaturdayC.MondayD.Tuesday（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］理解题目。根据预报，Tuesday当日为大风伴随雷阵雨，北部地区可能有暴雨。据此可

知，当天的天气是很恶劣的，所以正确答案是D选项。

（4）.Whattrendcanbefoundfromtheinformationgiveninthetable?

A.Thedaysarebecominglonger.

B.Thenightsaregettinglonger.

C.Thedaysaregrowingwarmer.

D.Theweatheristurningbetter.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］推断题目。由预报可知，每天的日出时间越来越晚，日落时间越来越早，就是白昼变短，

黑夜变长，所以正确答案是B选项。

（5）.Whatdayhasthegreatesttemperaturedifferencebetweendayandnight?

A.Monday.B.Tuesday.C.Saturday.D.Sunday.（分数：2.00）

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］内容理解题目。题目问哪天的昼夜温差最大。由预报内容可知，Monday当天最高为26

度，最低为17度，温差为9度，高于其余各天的8度温差值，为最大温差。所以正确的答案是A选项。

Everycountrytendstoacceptitsownwayoflifeasbeingthenormaloneandtopraiseor

criticizeothersastheyaresimilartoordifferentfromit.Andunfortunately,ourpicture

ofthepeopleandthewayof1ifeofothercountriesisoftenadistorted（曲解的）one.

Hereisagreatargumentinfavorofforeigntravelandlearningforeignlanguages.Itis

onlybytravelingin,orlivinginacountryandgettingtoknowitsinhabitantsandtheir

languagethatonecanfindoutwhatacountryanditspeoplearereallylike.Andhow

differenttheknowledgeonegainsthiswayfrequentlyturnsouttobefromthesecond-hand

informationgatheredfromothersources!Howoftenwefindthattheforeignerswhomwe

thoughttobesuchdifferentpeoplefromourselvesarenotverydifferentafteral1!

Differencesbetweenpeoplesdo,ofcourse,existand,onehopes,willalwayscontinuetodo

so.Theworldwillbeadullplaceindeedwhenallthedifferentnationalitiesbehave

exactlyalike,andsomepeoplemightsaythatwearerapidlyapproachingthisstateof

affairs.Withthemuchgreaterrapidityandeaseoftravel,theremightseemtobesome

truthinthisatleastasfarasEuropeisconcerned.Howeverthismaybe.Atleastthe

greatereaseoftraveltodayhasrevealedtomorepeoplethaneverbeforethatthe

EnglishmanorFrenchmanorGermanisnotsomedifferentkindofanimalfromthemselves.

（分数：10.00）

（1）.Everycountrycriticizeswaysoflifeinothercountriesbecausetheyare.

A.distortedB.normal

C.similartoeachotherD.differentfromitsown（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第一段第一句说：Everycountrytendstoacceptitsownwayoflifeas

beingthenormaloneandtopraiseorcriticizeothersastheyaresimilartoordifferent

fromit.每个国家都倾向于把自己的生活方式作为标准，对与自己的生活方式相似的国家表扬，对与自

己不同的则持批评态度。因此D符合题意。

(2).Onewhotravelsinaforeigncountryandlearnsitslanguagewill.

A.findoutwhatitspeoplearelike

B.argueinfavorofthiscountryandthelanguage

C.knowthecountryanditspeoplebetter

D.likeitsinhabitantsandtheirlanguage(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第二段第二句说：Itisonlybytravelingin,orlivinginacountryand

gettingtoknowitsinhabitantsandtheirlanguagethatonecallfindoutwhatacountryand

itspeoplearereallylike.只有到外国去旅游，或住在那里，认识当地人.学习他们的语言，你才会

真正认识这个国家和她的人民。A答案不够全面，容易干扰考生。

(3).Theknowledgeonegainsbytravelinginaforeigncountryisoften.

A.fromsecond-handinformation

B.gatheredfromothersourcesthanfromitsinhabitants

C.gainedfromtheargumentsaboutthecountry

D.differentfromwhatonehadbeforethetravel(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析：［解析］细节题。第二段最后两句说：我们通过这种方式获得的信息与我们通过其他途径获得的二

手信息有多大的差别啊!我们经常发现原以为与我们很不一样的外国人实际上却和我们差不多!可见，一个

人在旅游之前掌握的信息与旅游之后了解的实际情况有很大出入。A答案不够全面。

(4).Differencesbetweenpeoples.

A.willgraduallydisappearbecauseofeaseoftravel

B.doexisteventhoughdifferentnationalitiesbehaveexactlyalike

C.wi11alwayscontinuetoexistandtheworldwi11beadullplace

D.willnotexistasonehopes(分数：2.00)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］逻辑推理题。第三段的头两句提到:Differencesbetweenpeoplesdo,ofcourse,

existand,onehopes,willalwayscontinuetodoso.Theworldwillbeadullplaceindeed

whenallthedifferentnationalitiesbehaveexactlyalike,andpeoplemightsaythatweare

rapidlyapproachingthisstateofaffairs.民族之间的差别的确存在.而且人们希望这种状况能够

持续。如果有一天，世界各国都同化得差不多了，那么这个世界就毫无乐趣了。有人说这种现象有加快的

趋势。

⑸.“However”(Line5,Para.3)mostprobablymeant,

A.SomewhatB.Bywhatevermeans

C.AnyhowD.Nomatterwhat(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

c.

D.J

解析：［解析］词汇题。根据上下文，应选D。

Whatisexactlyalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisitsomething

morethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou,yousay,

“IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenotshortof

money,butyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtsandyoudon'twanttohurt

hisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?

Ascientificstudyoflyingshowswomenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentelling

awhite1ie,suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshe1ikesherdress

whenshereallythinksitlooksterrible.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Other

researchesshowthatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromise

whichtheyhavenointentionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansand

businessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopesto

profitorgaininsomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople,sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmal1,

apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdown

atthesametime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrained

observertheyaresaying"IwishIweresomewhereelsenow./

（分数:10.00）

（1）.Thispassagetellsusthat_

A.tellingliesisoftennecessaryinordertoavoidbeingdefeated

B.tellingliesisoftenbadbecausepeopleoughtnottobedishonest

C.tellingliesissometimesnecessaryinordernottohurtsomeoneelse*sfeelings

D.tellingliesisnotbadatallinmostcases（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］逻辑推理题。作者在第一段连续问了三个问题：什么是撒谎?说假话就是撒谎吗?或者说撒

谎不仅仅是说假话?然后举例，你不想借钱给一位朋友，又怕伤害他的感情，于是你撒谎了，这样也是撒

谎吗?可见，作者认为，有时候为了不伤害他人的感情，撒谎是有必要的。

(2).InParagraph2,“womenarebetterliarsthanmen〃probablymeans.

A.womenarebetterattellingliesthanmen

B.womenliarsarebetteracceptedthanmen

C.womenhaveabetterintentionwhentellinglies

D.womentellfewerliesthanmendo(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］语义题。此句话中的better肯定是与男性相比后得出的结论。所以在对比男女撒谎的情况

后我们发现：女性撒谎是为了不伤害别人的感情，男性则是要从中得到好处，可见女性撒谎多是出于善

居、o

(3).“Awhitelie“means.

A.aliethatiscompletelyunbelievable

B.aliethatistoldwithagoodwill

C.aliethatisalwaysbelievable

D.aliethatoftenhasanevilpurpose（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。根据作者在whitelie后举的例子：whenawomanatapartytellsan—other

womanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksterrible.我们可以猜测while

lie指的是善意的谎言。

（4）.Politiciansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeskilledattellingthekindof1ies

A.fromwhichtheymaygainsomeadvantages

B.thatseemstobebelievable

C.thatwomenaremost1ikelytobelieve

D.withwhichtheycanhavebetterrelationshipwithothers（分数：2.00）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第二段的最后提到.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusiness—men

aresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat：the1iefromwhichthe1iarhopestoprofitor

gaininsomeway.答案A正是对此句的同义解释。

（5）.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A.thereisasimplewayoffindingoutifsomeoneislying

B.fromsomewayspeoplebehavewecanknowtheyarelying

C.certainemotionsareproofoflying

D.insomesituationswomenaremostlikelytothinkbusinessmenaredishonest（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第三段第一句说：Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewaypeopleshe

haviourchangesinanumberofsmal1,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.研究表明，

当人们撒谎时，在一些细微的不重要的方面会发生行为变化。只有B符合题意。

Firefightersareoftenaskedtospeaktoschoolandcommunitygroupsabouttheimportanceof

firesafety,particularlyfirepreventionanddetection.Becausesmokedetectorsreducethe

riskofdyinginafirebyhalf,firefightersoftenprovideaudienceswithinformationon

howtoinstal1theseprotectivedevicesintheirhomes.

Specifically,theytel1themthesethings:Asmokedetectorshouldbeplacedoneachfloor

ofahome.Whilesleeping,peopleareinparticulardangerofanemergentfire,andthere

mustbeadetectoroutsideeachsleepingarea.Agoodsiteforadetectorwouldbeahallway

thatrunsbetweenlivingspacesandbedrooms.

Becauseofthedead-airspacethatmightbemissedbyhotairbouncingaroundaboveafire,

smokedetectorsshouldbeinstalledeitheronthecellingatleastfourinchesfromthe

nearestwall,orhighonawallatleastfour,butnofurtherthantwelveinchesfromthe

ceiling.

Detectorsshouldnotbemountednearwindows,entrances,orotherplaceswheredrafts（过堂

风）mightdirectthesmokeawayfromtheunit.Norshouldtheybeplacedinkitchensand

garages,wherecookingandgasfumesarelikelytocausefalsealarms.

(分数：10.00)

(1).Oneresponsibilityofafirefighteristo.

A.installsmokedetectorsinresidents*homes

B.checkifsmokedetectorsareproperlyinstalled

C.developfiresafetyprogramsforschools

D.speaktoresidentsabouthowtopreventfires(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］细节题目。文章首句提到，Firefightersareoftenaskedtospeaktocommunity

abouttheimportanceoffiresafety,particularlyfirepreventionanddetection.可知消防员

要告诉居民防火知识。根据句子意思推出正确答案是D选项。

(2).Comparedwithhomeswithoutsmokedetectors,homeswiththemgivetheirownersa50%

betterchanceof.

A.survivingafireB.preventingafire

C.detectingahiddenfireD.notgettinginjuredinafire(分数：2.00)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节理解题目。文章第一段第二句提到，烟雾感应器在火灾中可以降低一半的死亡率。而

A项survivingafire的意思是在火灾中存活，二者的意思是一致的。所以正确的答案是A选项。

(3).Asmokedetectormustalwaysbeplaced.

A.onanylevelofahome

B.outsideal1bedroomsinahome

C.inallhallwaysofahome

D.inkitchenswherefiresaremostlikelytostart(分数：2.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。文章第二段提到，theremustbeadetectoroutsideeachsleepingarea.意

思是卧室外要安装烟感，这里的each和B选项中的all是一个意思。据此可以推出正确答案是B选项。

(4).Thepassageimpliesthatdead-airspaceismostlikelytobefound.

A.onaceilingfourinchesawayfromawal1

B.nearanopenwindow

C.closetowhereawal1meetsaceiling

D.inkitchensandgarages(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。文章第三段提到，火灾时热空气到达不了闭塞空气区域，烟感的安装位置要么在

距离墙壁4英寸的天花板处，要么在墙壁高处，但距离天花板的距离最少得4英寸，最多不超过12英

寸。由此不难推知墙体和天花板交界处容易闭塞空气，故正确答案是C选项。

(5).Whatisthefocusofthispassage?

A.Howfirefighterscarryouttheirresponsibi1ities.

B.Theproperinstallationofhomesmokedetectors.

C.Thedetectionofdead-airspaceonwallsandceilings.

D.Howsmokedetectorspreventfiresinhomes.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］主旨题。文章主要介绍了安装烟感的必要性、安装的位置以及安装中需要注意的问题，据

此可知正确答案是B选项。

Howmenfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageis

amystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen,unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertainsounds

toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewith

eachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbe

combinedtorepresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whether

spokenorwritteninletters,wecallwords.

Thepowerofwords,then,1iesintheircombinations-thethingstheybringupbeforeour

minds.Wordsbecomefilledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;andthelongerwelive,the

morecertainwordsrecalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemoreweread

andlearn,thenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.

Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughts,butalsoexpressthesethoughtsin

wordswhichappealpowerfullytoourmindsandfeelings.Thischarmingandtellinguseof

wordsiswhatwecallliterary（3〜）style.Aboveal1,therealpoetisamasterofwords.He

canconveyhismeaninginwordswhichsinglikemusic,andwhichbytheirpositionand

associationcanmovementotears.Weshouldthereforelearntochooseourwordscarefully

andusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyandrude.

（分数：10.00）

（1）.Theoriginoflanguage.

A.isreflectedinsoundsandletters

B.ishandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration

C.datesbacktotheprehistoricperiod

D.isaproblemnotyetso1ved（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］细节题。答案在第一段：theoriginoflanguageisamystery,因此语言的起源仍然是

个谜，还没有得到解决。

（2）.Accordingtothepassage,wordsare.

A.visualletters

B.representedbysounds

C.representedeitherbysoundsorletters

D.signscalledletters（分数:2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第一段谈到人类起初用某种声音进行交流，后来又有了字母，字母结合起来可以

代表声音，也可以写下来。因此，这些说出来的声音也好，用字母写出来的声音也好.被称为单词。所以

B是正确答案：单词既可以代表声音，也可以代表字母。

(3).Thepowerofwordsliesintheir.

A.beautyB.accuracyC.combinationsI),charm(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］'细节题。答案在第二段的第一句话：Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheir

combinations…语言的魅力在于他们的组合。

(4).Thesecretofawriter'ssuccessistheuseofwordsthat.

A.recalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast

B.arearrangedinacreativeway

C.areasbeautifulasmusic

D.agreewithcertain1iterarystyle(分数：2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。答案在第三段的第一句话：Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreat

thoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappealpowerfullytoourmindsand

feelings.因此作家的伟大在于他们擅长使用丰富的词汇，能使我们浮想联翩，激动不已。B、C、D文章

中均没有提到。

(5).Theauthorofthepassageadvisesus.

A.tousewordscarefullyandaccurately

B.nottousesillyandrudewords

C.tobecomeaslaveofwords

D.touseemotionalwords(分数：2.00)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。答案在文章的最后一句：Weshouldthereforelearntochooseourwords

carefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsmyandrude.因止匕，作者建

议我们用词要谨慎、准确。

PepysandhiswifeJanehadaskedsomefriendstodinneronSunday,September2nd,1666.

TheywereupverylateontheSaturdayevening,gettingeverythingreadyforthenextday,

andwhi1etheywerebusytheysawtheg1owofafirestartinthesky.By3o*clockonthe

Sundaymorning,itsglowhadbecomesobrightthatJanewokeherhusbandtowatchit.Pepys

slippedonhisdressinggownandwenttothewindowtowatchit.Itseemedfairlyfaraway,

soafteratimehewentbacktobed.

Whenhegotupinthemorning,itlooked,asthoughthefirewasdyingdown,thoughhecould

sti11seesomeflames.Sohesettoworktotidyhisroomandputhisthingsbackwherehe

wantedthem.Whilehewasdoingthis,Janecameintosaythatshehadheardthefirewasa

badone;threehundredhouseshadbeenburneddowninthenightandthefirewasstill

burning.Pepyswentouttoseeforhimself.HewenttotheTowerofLondonandclimbedupon

ahighpartofthebuildingssothathecouldseewhatwashappening.Fromthere,Pepys

couldseethatitwas,indeed,abadfireandthateventhehousesonLondonBridgewere

burning.ThemanoftheTowertoldhimthatthefirehadstartedinabaker'sshopin

PuddingLane;thebaker'shousehadcaughtfirefromtheoverheatedovenandthentheflames

hadquicklyspreadtotheotherhousesinthenarrowlane.SobegantheGreatFireof

London,afirethatlastednearlyfivedays,destroyedmostoftheoldcityandended,soit

issaid,atPieCorner.

（分数:10.00）

（1）.Whatisthepassageabout?

A.TheGreatFireofLondon.

B.Whowasthefirsttodiscoverthefire.

C.WhatPepyswasdoingduringthefire.

D.Thelossescausedbythefire.（分数：2.00）

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］主旨题。作者通过Pepysandhiswife向读者介绍了1666年的伦敦大火的情况：这场大

火发生的时间、起因以及后果等。可见本文的主题主要是围绕伦敦大火来展开的。

（2）.Theywereupverylatebecause.

A.itwasSundaymorningB.theywerenotverysleepy

C.theywerepreparingforthedinner【）.theysawthegreatfirestart（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。见第一段第二句：TheywereupverylateontheSaturdayevening,getting

everythingreadyforthenextday,…他们周六晚上睡得迟是因为第二天他们要宴请朋友，所以得做

好准备。

（3）.WhatwasPepysdoingwhenhiswifetoldhimaboutthefire?

A.Hewasasleep.B.Hewaswritingsomething.

C.Hewasputtingthingsback.D.Hewaslookingoutofthewindow.（分数：2.00）

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。见第一段：By3o'clockontheSundaymorning,itsglowhadbe—comeso

brightthatJanewokeherhusbandtowatchit.周El凌晨3点，火越烧越大，简叫醒丈夫让他看

看。可见，当时Pepys正在睡觉。

⑷.“Pepysslippedonhisdressinggown.〃Tosiiponmeans_____.

A.tobewearingB.tobepushing

C.totakeoffD.toputon（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］词汇题。Pepysslippedonhisdressinggownandwenttothewindowtowatch

it.根据上题我们知道，当时Pepys正在唾觉，妻子叫醒他后，他才slippedon他的睡袍，走到窗户边

去看。因此slippedon的意思肯定与“穿”有关，首先就可排除B和C。其次分析A和D,A意为“穿

着“，表状态；D意为“穿上”，表动作。可确定D为正确答案。

（5）.Whydidtheflamesspreadquickly?

A.Theovenbecameveryhot.B.Thehouseswereclosetogether.

C.Thebakerdidnothingtostopit.D.Thebaker'shousewasburningquickly.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］逻辑推理题。文章最后一段提到：thebaker'shousehadcaughtfirefromtheover­

heatedovenandthentheflameshadquicklyspreadtotheotherhousesinthenarrowlane.C

和D文章并未提及，A最具干扰性。A应该是起火的原因，并不是本题问的大火迅速蔓延的原因。真正的

原因应该是B,这房子之间的足巨离很小。

Peopleallovertheworldtodayarebeginningtohearandlearnmoreandmoreaboutthe

problemofpollution.Pollutioniscausedeitherbyman*sreleaseofcompletelynewand

oftenartificial（人造）substancesintotheenvironment,orbyreleasinggreatlyincreased

amountsofanaturalsubstance（物质），suchasoilfromoiltankersintothesea.

Whateveritsunderlyingreasons,thereisnodoubtthatmuchofthepollutioncausedcould

becontrolledifonlycompanies,individualsandgovernmentswouldmakemoreefforts.Inthe

homethereisanobviousneedtocontrollitterandwaste.Foodcomeswrappedupthereor

fourtimesinpackagesthatallhavetobedisposedof;drinksareincreasinglysoldin

bottlesortinswhichcannotbereused.Thisnotonlycausesalitterproblem,butalsoisa

greatwasteofresources,intermsofglass,metalandpaper.Advertisinghashelpedthis

processbypersuadingmanyofusnotonlytobuythingsweneitherwantnorneed,butalso

tothrowawaymuchofwhatwedobuy.Pollutionandwastecombinetobeaproblemeveryone

canhelptosolvebycuttingoutunnecessarybuying,excessuseandcarelessdisposal（处理）

oftheproductsweuseinourdailylives.

（分数：10.00）

（1）.Themaincauseofpollutionis.

A.thereleaseofartificialornaturalsubstancesintotheenvironment

B.theproductionofnewindustrialgoods

C.increasedamountsofanaturalsubstance

D.ourever-increasingpopulation（分数：2.00）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。答案在第一段：Pollutioniscausedeitherbyman'sreleaseofcom­

pletelynewandoftenartificialsubstancesintotheenvironment,orbyreleasinggreatly

in一creasedamountsofanaturalsubstance…可见，污染主要是由于人类向自然界排放人造物质和自

然物质所引起的。

（2）.Muchofthepollutioncouldbecontrolledifonly.

A.peoplewouldpaymoreattentiontotheproblem

B.governmentswouldtakeeffectivemeasures

C.al1sidesconcernedwou1dmakemoreefforts

D.farmerswoulduselessartificialfertilizers（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第二段作者提到：Whateveritsunderlyingreasons,thereisnodoubtthat

muchofthepollutioncausedcouldbecontrolledifonlycompanies,individualsand

governmentswouldmakemoreefforts.要控制污染，需要个人、企业和政府的共同努力。C最具概括

性。

（3）.Foodpackages,bottlesandtinsfordrinkscancause____.

A.airandwaterpollution

B.bothalitterproblemandawasteofresources

C.topayfortheservice

D.toproducethereceipt（分数：2.00）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。第二段说：Thisnotonlycausesalitterproblem,butalsoisagreat

wasteofresources,intermsofglass,metalandpaper.因此，B最符合题意。

（4）.WhichofthefollowingcanNOThelpsolvingtheproblemofpollution?

A.Cuttingoutunnecessarybuying.

B.Eatingless.

C.Reducingexcessuse.

D.Carefullydisposingofourdailyproducts.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。文章最后一句告诉我们如何控制污染：Pollutionandwastecombinetobea

problemeveryonecanhelptosolvebycuttingoutunnecessarybuying,excessuseand

carelessdisposal（处理）oftheproductsweuseinourdailylives.其中A、C、D均提及，只有B

未提及。

（5）.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“litter"meaninparagraphtwo?

A.Notmany.B.Seriousproblem.

C.Bitsofwastethings.D.Industrialpollution.（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］词汇题。看单词所在的句子：Inthehomethereisanobviousneedtocontrol

litterandwastelitter和waste由and连接,表并列。D项可以首先排除,因为在家里不可能控制工

业污染。其余答案中与waste意思接近的C就是正确答案了。

LifereallyshouldbeonelongjourneyofjoyforchiIdrenbornwithawor1dofwealthat

theirfeet.

InternationallyfamouschilddoctorRobertColesistheworld,stopexpertontheinfluence

ofmoneyonchildren.Hehaswrittenawell-knownbookonthesubject,ThePrivilegedOnes,

andhisresearchshowsthattoomuchmoneyinthefamilycancauseasmanyproblemsastoo

little.，zObviouslytherearecertainadvantagestobeingrich,“saysthe53year-olddoctor,

“suchasbetterhealth,educationandfutureworkprospects.Butmostimportantisthe

qualityoffamilylife.Moneycan'tbuylove.”

Itcanbuyalotofotherthings,however,andthat'swherethetroublestarts.Richkids

havesomuchtochoosefromthattheyoftenbecomeconfused.Over-indulgence（娇养）by

theirparentscanmakethemspoi11.TheytendtotravelmorethanotherchiIdren,fromhome

tohomeandcountrytocountry,whichcausesfeelingsofrestlessness.

“Butprivilegedchildrendohaveabettersenseoftheirpositionsintheworld.〃addsMr

Coles,“andtheyaremoreself-assured.Therichchildreninheritthepropertyfromtheir

parentsandenjoyahighincome.Somoneywillneverbeoneoftheirproblems.However,they

willhaveasenseofisolation,warnsDrColes,“andtheycouldsufferfromthehardshipof

notbeingabletodealwiththeeverydayworldbecausetheywillneverreallybegiventhe

chance.Everythingtheyhaveachievedisbecauseofanaccidentofbirth.Therecanbeno

tremendousinnersatisfactionaboutthat.”

Today'swealthyparentsperhapsrealizetheirrichescanbemoreofaheavyloadthana

happinesstotheirchiIdren.Sothefirstthingforthemtoconsideristoensurethattheir

familiesareasrichinloveastheyareinmoney.

（分数：10.00）

（1）.InhisbookThePrivilegedOnes,DrColesimpliesthat.

A.therearefewerproblemsintherichfamilythanthepoorfamily

B.richchiIdrenlivealifeofseparationfromthewor1d

C.richchildrenusuallyenjoymorelove