2018年全国各省市高三模考阅读理解题目汇编之-主旨大意

第页2019年全国各省市高三模考阅读理解试题汇编--主旨大意1.【2019年天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考B篇】I’dplannedtospendmyweekendinthesun,pottingflowersoutdoors.Butthatwasbeforethepairofcrows.Outofnowhere,theyhadsetuptheirbasecampinourbackyard.WefirstdiscoveredourfeatheredenemiesonFridaymorning.Itwasearly,andthesoundthebirdsmadetravelledthroughourneighborhood.Ifiguredthey’dgoawaysoon.But,no.Theyweregettinglouderandprobablyannoyingmyneighborsnearlyasmuchasuswiththenoise.IadmitIgotalittledesperate.Then,onSundayafternoon,IlookedoutthekitchenwindowtoseeourdogQuatchistaringatsomethingontheground.Iwenttoexploreandfoundasmallcoal-blackbirdinthegrass.Itseyesweremilky,anditstayedperfectlystillasmydoginchedtowardsit.OnlywhenQuatchitouchedhisnosetoitsheaddiditwalkaway.Igrabbedthedogandlockedhiminsideandcamebackwithmycamera.Itneveroccurredtomethattheyoungwouldbehangingoutontheground,growingandgainingstrengthasitsparentsguardeditfromabove.ThesecondIsawthislittlecreatureIforgavethecrows.Tobehonest,I’veneverbeenmuchofabirdperson.Ialsohaveahealthyrespectforbirds,andbyhealthyImeanslightlyfear-based.They’rebasicallylivingdinosaurs.Iwishthey’dchosenanotherbackyard.ThereareonlysomanysunnydaysinSeattle,andIstillcan’tdoanygardeningoutthere.ButI’malsogratefulthatIgottoseethislittlebitofnatureunfoldupclose.It’sprettyamazing.Theexperiencehasalsoreinforcedmydesiretocreateabeautifulbackyardgardenthatattractslotsofbees,butterflies,andyes,birds.Theyarewelcomehere.41.Thearrivalofthetwocrows____.A.disturbedtheauthor’slife B.frightenedtheauthor’sdog.C.angeredtheauthor’sneighbors. D.damagedtheauthor’sbackyard.42.Whydidtheauthorlockherdogup?A.Shewantedtotakesomephotos. B.Thedogkeptmakingloudnoises.C.Shewantedtoprotectthelittlebird. D.Theparentcrowsweretoattackthedog.43.Afterseeingthelittlecrow,theauthor____.A.decidedtotakeitin. B.appreciatedknowingitsgrowingprocess.C.fellinlovewiththepairofcrows. D.plannedtodrivethecrowsaway.44.Bysaying“They’rebasicallylivingdinosaurs”inparagraph5,theauthormeans____.A.birdsarerare. B.birdsareveryugly.C.sheisafraidofbirds. D.sheisrespectfultobirds.45.Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto____.A.showanannoyingsituation. B.seekadviceondealingwithcrows.C.callonreaderstoprotectbirds. D.shareapersonalexperience.2.【2019年天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考C篇】Electriccarsaredirty.Infact,notonlyaretheydirty,theymightevenbemoredirtythantheirgasoline-poweredcousins.PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkabout“zero-emissions(排放)vehicles”,butpeopleinCaliforniaseemtobecluelessaboutwhereelectricitycomesfrom.Powerplantsmostlyusefiretomakeit.Asidefromthenewfolkswhohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcells,wegetourelectricityfromgenerators(发电机).Generatorsarefueledbysomething--usuallycoal,oil,butalsobyheatgeneratedinnuclearpowerplants.Thereareafewwindfarmsandgeothermal(地热)plantsaswell,butbyfarwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.Inotherwords,those"zero-emissions"carsarelikelycoal-burningcars.It’sjustbecausethecoalisburnedsomewhereelse,itlooksclean.Itisnot.It'sasiftheCaliforniaGreensarecoveringtheireyes—“IfIcan'tseeit,it'snothappening.”Gasolineisanincrediblyefficientwaytopoweravehicle;agallonofgashasalotofenergyinit.Butwhenyoutakethatgas（oranotherfuel）andfirstuseittomakeelectricity,youwasteanicepartofthatenergy,mostlyintheformofwastedheat—atthegenerator,throughthetransmissionlines,etc.Agallonofgasmaypropelyourcar25miles.Buttheelectricityyougetfromthatgallonofgaswon'tgetyounearlyasfar—soelectriccarsburnmorefuelthangasoline-poweredones.Ifourelectricitycamemostlyfromnukesorgeothermal,orhydroorwindorsolar,thenanelectriccartrulywouldbeclean.Butforpolitical,technical,andeconomicreasons,wedon'tusemuchofthoseenergysources.Inaddition,electriccars'batterieswhicharepoisonousforalongtimewilleventuallyendupinalandfill.Andfinally,whencarsarethepolluters,thepollutionisspreadacrossalltheroads.Whenit'sapowerplant,though，allthejunkisinoneplace.Natureisverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsaretooconcentrated,butittakesalotlongerwhenallthegarbageisinonespot.46.Whatdoes“clueless”meaninparagraph2?A.PeopleseetheCaliforniaGreenseverywhereB.Peopletherehavenoideathatsofarelectricitymainlycomesfromburningcoal,oil,etcC.PeopleinCalifornialovetohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcellsD.PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkaboutzero-emissionsvehicles47.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Electriccarsarenotcleanatall B.Electriccarsarebetterthangasoline-poweredonesC.Peoplecastdoubtsonelectriccars’batteriesD.Gasolineisanefficientwaytopoweravehicle48.Theelectricitywegetfromagallonofgasmaymakeourcarrun______.A.notlessthan25miles B.asfaras50milesC.asfaras25miles D.notmorethan25miles49.Accordingtothetext,electriccars______.A.aremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyB.burnmorefuelthangas-poweredonesC.areverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentratedD.arepoisonousforalongtimeandwilleventuallyendupinalandfill50.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.beinggreenisgoodandshouldbeencouragedincommunicationB.electriccarsarenowthedominantvehiclecomparedwithgasoline-poweredcousinsC.zero-emissionsvehiclesshouldbechosentoprotectourenvironmentD.electriccarsarenotcleanbecausewegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething3.【江西省八所重点中学2019届高三联考英语试卷A】Visitorsmustpresentallcarrieditemsforinspectionuponentry.Afterinspection,allbags,backpacks,umbrella,parcelsandotheritemsasdeterminedbysecurityofficersmustbeleftatthecheckrooms,freeofcharge,closetoeachentrance.Alloversizedbags,backpacksandluggagemustbeleftatthecheckroomsnearthe4thStreetentranceofeithertheEastorWestBuilding.Theseitemswillhavetobex-rayedbeforebeingaccepted.Itemsofvalue,suchaslaptopcomputers,camerasandfurcoats,maynotbeleftinthecheckroomsbutmaybecarriedintothegallery.Weregretthatthemuseumdoesn’thaveenoughspaceforvisitorsitemslargerthan17*26inchesinthegallery.Additionalsecurityproceduresandchecksmaybetakenaccordingtothedecisionofthegallery.*Forthesafetyoftheartworksandothervisitors,nothingmaybecarriedonavisitor’sback.Softfront-babycarriersareallowed,butchildrenmaynotbecarriedonshouldersorinachildcarrierwornontheback.Wheelchairsareavailablefreeofchargeneareachcheckroom.*Smokingisprohibited.Foodanddrinkarenotpermittedoutsidethefoodserviceareas.Unopenedbottledwatermaybecarriedonlyinavisitor’sbag.Cellphonesmaynotbeusedinthegallery.*Animals,otherthanserviceanimals,arenotpermitted.*Skateboardingisprohibited.*Picture-taking(includingvideo)forpersonaluseispermittedexceptinthespecialexhibits.*Pleasedon’ttouchtheworksofart.21.Accordingtothetext,whichitemcanbecarriedintothegallery?A.umbrellaB.packageC.IpadD.suitcase22.Wheninthegallery,whatcanvisitorsdo?A.Theycancarryopenedbottledwaterintheirbags.B.Theycandrinkinsidethefoodserviceareas.C.Theycantakepicturesforpersonaluseanywhere.D.Theymustpayiftheyusewheelchairsforthechildren.23.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThepolicesofthegalleryB.TheartworksofthegalleryC.ThelocationofthegalleryD.Thehistoryofthegallery4.【江西省八所重点中学2019届高三联考英语试卷B】Itwasacoldwinter.Thewindblewallnightandthesnowwasblinding.Whenmorningcame,mythreechildrenandIgotupandmadeourwaytothewindows.Aswelookedoutthewindow,wesawthatthehenhousewasgone.Ourthreehenshadbeenblownaway.

Ilookedattheemptinessoutside.ThenIsawallthreechickenssataroundtheedgeofawhitebucket.Howwasthisviolentwindnotblowingthemintothefieldbeyond?Iquicklypulledonlongsnowpantsandheavywintercoat,wrappedascarfandstuckmyfeetintoverylargeboots.

Ishoutedatthewindasitblew.Iwasalone,saveformychildren.Theystaredoutthewindowintothevastwhiteseaofsnow,theireyespeeledforanysignofmovement.OutsideIheardthesoundofmybootsasIwalkedagainstthewind.Thesnowcirclingaroundme,Isteadilymademywaytothesoftcluck-cluck-clucksoundmyhensalwaysmade.WhenIreachedthem,Isawthattheirlittlefeetwereholdingontotheedgeofthebucket,headsbentforwardandawayfromthewind.Igentlyliftedeachhenandputitcarefullyintothewarminside.ThenIbeganthefreezingwalkbacktothesmallsheddirectlybehindourhouse.OnebyoneIlaidmychickensonthecoldfloor,andtheybegantoclucksoftly.

AsIshutthesheddoors,myeyeswentdirectlytothewindowwheremychildrenwerewatching.Theyjumpedupanddowncheering,andsodidI!Iwasn’tsomedragonslayer(屠龙者)fromafairytale.Iwassimplyamom,butthelookonmychildren’sfacestoldmethattheythoughtIwasaheromom.24.Seeingallthreechickenssittingaroundthebucket,theauthorfelt______.

A.incredibleB.worriedC.shyD.confident25.Howdoestheauthorreachthehens?

A.Bysearchingforthewhitebucket.B.Bywearingprotectiveclothes.

C.Byfollowingthesoundofthehens.D.Byshoutingatthehenhouse.

26.Fromthestory,weknowthat_________.

A.theauthor’schildrenlikeddragonslayers

B.thechildrenwatchedtheirmotheralltheway

C.theauthorstruggledtobeahero

D.theauthorenjoyedherselfinthesnow27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Weatherinextreme.B.Hensintrouble.C.Kindnessinneed.D.Herointhesnow.5.【江西省八所重点中学2019届高三联考英语试卷C】Forthoseconcernedaboutwrinklyoldskin,Itmightbeacreativesolution:anelastic(有弹性的)“secondskin”thatcanbesmoothedontomakeagedtissuelookmoreyouthful.Thewearablefilm,developedattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),hasshownpromiseinaseriesofsmallexperimentswhereitwasappliedtowrinkles,under-eyebagsandareasofdryskin.Whenappliedtothefaceorbody,thethin,transparentlayerstickstotheskinandsupportsthetissue,makingitlookandbehavelikeyoungerskin,itsproducersclaim.“Whatwe’vebeenabletodoiscreateacreamthatyoucanputontheskin,andthenwhenit'sontheskinitcanactuallyform,essentially,anelasticsecondskin,”saidBobLanger,wholedtheresearch.Testsinthelabfoundthatthepolymerfilm(高分子膜),whichisonly70thousandthsofamillimetrethick,reducedtheappearanceofwrinklesandunder-eyebags,andhelpedkeepmoistureinareasofdryskin.Thelayerisdesignedtobeappliedinthemorning,thenpeeledoffatnight,Inpreviousstudies,thesecondskinwithstoodnormaldailywear,andthestressesandstrainsofexerciseandswimming,withoutfallingofforcausingirritation.Italsosurvivedexposuretorain.“It'ssomethingyoucanwearforawholedayorlonger,dependingonthephysicalforcesthatgetappliedtotheareawhereitisworn,"saidDanielAnderson,whohelpeddeveloptheproductatMIT.“Youcan'ttellyou'rewearingit.”Whilenormalcosmeticscanmaskimperfectionsontheskin,thenewcoatingchangesthewayskinbehavesbygivingittheelasticityofyoungskin.Itwasdevelopedwithhelpfromtwocompanies.28.Accordingtothetext,the“secondskin”__________.A.wasdevelopedbytwocompanies B.hasnotbeentestedbyscientistsC.isdevelopedtoremoveunder-eyebags D.isatransparentcoveringfortheskin29.Comparedwithnormalcosmetics,thenewproduct_____________.A.canmaketheskinappearyoungerB.canfullymaskimperfectionsontheskinC.doesn'tcauseanyproblemsintheskinD.mustbeusedinamorecomplicatedway30.WhatcanwelearnfromtheDaniel’swords?A.Youcanrecognizeifpeoplewearthe“secondskin.”B.The“secondskin”shouldbepeeledoffatnight.C.Howlongpeoplecanwearthelayervaries.D.Theproductcanprovideskinwithalotofwater.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.MIThasmadeabreakthroughincosmetics.B.The“secondskin”helpsrenewone’syouth.C.Maskswillsoonbecomeathingofthepast.D.Howthe“secondskin”isusedtoimproveskin.6.【河北省深州市中学2019年高三英语模拟试题B】 Fourandahalfbillionpeopleworldwidelivewithoutahouseholdtoilet.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleareusingfacilitiesthatareunhealthyandmorethanabillionpeopledefecate(排泄)intheopen.Michaeldecidedtotakeactioninresponsetowhatisoneoftheworld'sgreatestpublichealthcrises.Heinvited32healthworkersfrom16communitiesinthesouthernHighlandsofMadagascartoattendatrainingtoorganizecommunitiestocompletelywipeoutopendefecation.Aftercompletingtheinitialtraining,the32healthworkersreturnedtotheirtownsandgottowork.Theymetwiththeircommunityandbegantomapouttheirtown.Togethertheytouredtheareaandpointedouteveryspotwherepeopleoftendefecate.Manyofthembecameembarrassedafterrealizingthehighamountofhumanwasteintheircommunity.Theythencontinuedtomakeabillforthetotalcostsoftripstothelocalhealthcenterwhenbeingtreatedforgastrointestinal(肠胃的)diseases.TheyquicklybegantorealizethefinancialInvolvement,besidesthehealthrisksofopendefecation.Thecommunitiesbegantosolvetheproblemontheirown.Theyconsideredwaystoreducethecost,byusinglocalmaterials.Bamboofencesweresuggestedasanalternativetowoodenfences.Mudcouldbeusedtobuildwallsinsteadofbricks.BeforeMichaelstartinghisproject,267toiletsexistedforthe6,700peoplelivinginthecommunitiesMichaelaimedtoreach.Itwasnotenoughatall.Morethan300additionaltoiletswerebuilt.Hewaspleasantlysurprisedbytheenthusiasmhesawfromthecommunitytowardsmakingopendefecationless.24.WhatisthepurposeofMichael'sproject?A.Tochangesomepeople’slivingtraditions.B.Tohelpallpeopleinpovertyintheworld.C.Todevelopprofessionalskillsofhealthworkers.D.Toridmanypeopleofthehabitofopendefecation.25.Whatmotivatedthecommunitiestobuildtoilets?A.Michael'shealthytrainingsforthelocals.B.Healthworkers'suggestionsondefecation.C.Toomanyspotswherepeopleoftendefecate.D.Thecostondiseasescausedbyopendefecation.26.Whatdomanyofthelocalsthinkofopendefecationaftermappingouttheirtown?A.Theytakeitforgranted.B.Theyviewitasashame.C.Theythinkitunimportant.D.Theyvalueitasatradition.27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thecostoftoiletswillbecomehigher.B.Opendefecationwillbecomelessandless.C.Mostlocalsarestilldefecatingintheopen.D.Thelocalsareenthusiasticaboutopendefecation.7.【河北省深州市中学2019年高三英语模拟试题C】 HumanbeingsareinforadoubletreatinJanuarywiththeappearanceoftwosupermoons.ThefirstonerisesonthenightofNewYear'sDay.Thesecondcomesonthelastnightofthemonth,endingupwithalunareclipse(月食).Thatistheendofatrilogy(三部曲)ofbigmoontreatsthatbeganinDec.3withafullcoldmoon.TheJan.Isupermoonwillbethebiggestoftheyear.Themoonwillappeartobeoversizedforafewnightsafterthat,thoughitwillnolongerbeafullmoon.Asupermoonisafullmoonthatappearsattheclosestpointinthemoon'sorbittoearth,about14percentlargerand30percentbrighterthanfullmoonsthatappearatthefarthestpointintheorbit.Supermoonshangaroundallnight,areeasytoseeandarenotdamagingtotheeyes,nomatterhowlongyoumoon-gaze.ForthosewhomaymissthenightofJan.1,anevenmorecharmingsupermoonwillriseonthenightofJan.31.Thatwillbethesecondfullmoonofthemonth,whichisusuallycalleda"bluemoon"becauseadoublefull-moonmonthoccursessentiallyonceinabluemoon--aboutevery2.5years.Abluemoonisevenrarerwhenit'sasupermoon.Butthatwon'tbetheonlyraritythatnight.Thesuperbluemoonwillalsooccurduringatotallunareclipse.Ifskiesareclear,thetotaleclipsewillbevisiblefromeasternAsiaacrossthePacificOceantowesternNorthAmerica.Lunareclipsesmakemoonsappearbloodredbecauseofthewaytheblockedsunlightbends,whentheearthmovesbetweenthesunandthemoon,blockingthesun'slightfromreflectingoffthemoon.Soprepareyourselfforthesuperbluebloodmoononthenightofthelunareclipse.Togetthefulleffectofthelunareclipse,watchatmoonset.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"That"inParagraphIreferto?A.Thelunareclipse.B.TheNewyear'sDay.C.ThesupermoonofJan.31.D.Thebiggestsupermoon.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesupermoononJan.31fromthetext?A.Itwillbeasuperbluemoon.B.Itwillbeginwithalunareclipse.C.Itwillbeobservedallovertheworld.D.Itwillbethebiggestmoonoftheyear.30.WhatdoestheauthoradviseobserverstodoaboutthelunareclipseonJan.31?A.Watchitwhenthemoonsets.B.Decidethespotfirstwhentheywatchit.C.Filmthewholelunareclipsewithmobilephones.D.Preparesunglassesbecausethemoonistoobright.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DoubleNewYearSupermoonsB.TheDefinitionofASupermoonC.SupermoonswithALunarEclipseD.TheRarityoftheBlueSupermoon8.【河北省深州市中学2019年高三英语模拟试题D】Asaclimatescientist,i'mdeeplyawarethatfactsarenotenoughtoreachmostpeoplewhenitcomestoglobalwarming.Formany,climatechangesimplyfeelstoodistant,bothintimeandspace.That'swherestorytellingcomesin.Iworkedontheglobalwarmingdocumentary(纪录片)filmseriesYearsofLivingDangerously,thegoalofwhichwastotakeviewersonatransformationaljourneybytellingpersonalstoriesaboutclimatechangewiththehelpofHollywooda-listerslikeHarrisonFordandArnoldSchwarzenegger.Myjobwastomakesureeachplotgotthescienceright.ButImustadmititthatitwasthepersonalstoriesthatmadetheissueofclimatechangehitclosetohomeformanyviewers.Thebestfilmsandnovelshavealwaysdealtwiththemostattractiveissuesofthetime.UncleTom'sCabinandTheJunglemovedpeopletodemandactionbecauseoftheiruniqueabilitytoweavetogethertheemotional,realisticandmoralthreadsaroundfocaltopicslikeslavery,povertyanddangerousworkingconditions.Whendoneright,truestoriesareexplosive.Theyprovideuswithnewwaysofseeingtheworldandourplaceinit.Thefactsthemselvesmaybeunabletomakeglobalwarmingfeelpsychologicallyacceptable,butwestillneedthemtomakeinformeddecisions,Climatechangeanditsassociatedeffectsrisingseas,glaciermelting,speciesextinctionandincreasinglyextremeweathercanarousestrongfeelingsincludinganxiety,fearandevendespair.Whileweneedthosefeelingstotakeaction,documentariesandsciencefictionsallowustosafelyfightwiththeconceptandreflectontheconsequencesthatcomewithburningfossilfuels.Inthatsense,worksoffictionhavethepotentialtohelpusnotonlyunderstandourinfluenceontheplanetmorefully,butalsotodemandasustainablepathforward.32.Whatistheauthor'sworkaimedat?A.Dealingwiththeglobalwarmingmoredeeply.B.Takingviewersonajourneytofindglobalwarming.C.Makingpeopleawareofmoreabouttheglobalwarming.D.Entertainingmorepeoplewithfilmsaboutclimatechange.33.WhatappealstotheviewersmostinYearsofLivingDangerously?A.Thecorrectnessofplots.B.Thepersonalstoriesthemselves.C.Themakingteamofthefilmseries.D.ThefilmsbackgroundofHollywood.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"focal"inParagraph4mean?A.Moral.B.Exciting.C.Hot.D.Historical.35.Howdoworksofsciencefictionsaffecthumanbeings?A.Byarousingstrongfeelings.B.Bycreatingavisionalworld.C.Bystoppingtheglobalwarming.D.Byprovidingnewviews.9.【2019衡水中学高三五调A】Philadelphiaoffersatonofattractionsthataresuitableforpeopleofeveryageandherearesomefamily—friendlyattractions．SpruceStreetHarborParkSpruceStreetHarborPark，oneofthebesturbanbeachesinAmerican，isanoutdoorheavenontheDelawareRiverwaterfront．Visitorscanrelaxinahammock，playontheplaygrounds，andplaygamesliketabletennisandgiantchess．Don’tmissoutontheparkatnight，whencolorfulLEDlightshangingfromtreetopsmaketheentireareabright.BlueCrossRiverRinkOfferingiceskatinginthewinterandrollerskatinginthesummer，BlueCrossRiverRinkcreatesafun，outdoorexperienceforthewholefamily．Visitorscanplayonthenine-holemini-golfcourseduringthesummer，andenjoyeatsanddrinksfromtheon-site(现场的)barandrestaurantallyearround．SesamePlaceBigBird，ElmoandtheotherstarsofSesameStreetcomeoutandplayatSesamePlace，theonlythemeparkinthenationstarringthepopularTVshow’smostlovablecharacters．Awaterpark，interactiveactivities，parades，fireworksandshowsaddtothefun．OnceUponaNationStorytellingBenchesOnsummerdays，uniformedandprofessionalstorytellersat13storytellingbenchesthroughoutPhiladelphia’sHistoricDistrictentertainvisitorswithtrue，free，three-to-fiveminutetalesaboutthecolonial(殖民的)eraaspartofOnceUponaNation．ChildrencanpickupaStoryFlagatanystorytellingbench，andthencollectastarfromeverystorytellerontheirjourneys．FlagswithallthestarscangetfreeridesontheParxLibertyCarouselatFranklinSquare．21．WhowouldmostprobablygotoSpruceStreetHarborPark?A．Peoplewhoarefondofcolorfullights．B．Peoplewhowanttohavearelaxingday．C．Peoplewhohaveapreferenceforskating．D．Peoplewhoareinterestedinwateractivities．22．WhichplacewouldfansofBigBirdbeinterestedin?A．SesamePlace．B．BlueCrossRiverRink．C．TheParxLibertyCarousel．D．SpruceStreetHarborPark．23．WhatcanweknowaboutPhiladelphiaStorytellingBenches?A．Itcanbevisitedallyearround．B．Ithaseducationalsignificance．C．Itisavailableatasmallcharge．D．Itisaimedatservingthepublic．24．Whatisthetextaimedat?A．Tellingwhatwecandoinsomeplaces．B．EncouragingpeopletovisitPhiladelphia．C．Recommendingsomeplacesforfamilyfun．D．ComparingsomeattractionsinPhiladelphia．10.【2019衡水中学高三五调B】MymotherdiedinAugust2019．Eightmonthslater，Ibegantocomeoutofthefogofsadnessanddepressiontofindanewpurposeformylife．Likemanyofmygeneration，Ihadlivedonlyformyself—traveling，acquiringpossessions，risingtoapositionofimportanceandseekingfinancialrewards．Iwas“charitable”and“volunteered”forvariouscauses，butreallydidn’tgiveofmyself．Inthespringaftermymom’sdeath，Ifoundmyselfwakinginthemiddleofthenightwithonethought．Ifeltforcedtooffermyselfasalivingkidneydonor．MyhusbandRobbhadreceivedthegiftoflifethroughakidneytransplant(移植)fromadeaddonorin2019，soIwasfamiliarwiththeenormousneedfordonorsandknewseveralpeoplewhowerewaitingforalifesavingtransplant．Idecidedtooffermyselftobematchedwiththemostcompatible(互不排斥的)persononthewaitinglistatmylocaltransplantcenter．Iwaspairedwith71-year-oldDeefromNewJersewhohadsurvivedforsixyearsonperitonealdialysis(腹腔透析)．Ather70thbirthday，herfamilythrewabigpartyastheydidnotexpecthertolivemuchlonger．Deehasbecomemyverygoodfriend．Almosttwoyearsafterthetransplant，Iwasprivilegedtocelebrateher50thweddinganniversarywithherhusband，theirfivechildrenandtheirextendedfamily．Indonatingmykidney，IextendedmyselfinawayfarbeyondwhatIeverbelievedwaspossible．Ididsoinhonorofmymotherwhosacrificedsomuchformeandmysisters，andinmemoryofmyhusband’sdonorwhoextendedher1ifethroughhim．Iencourageallwhoenjoythegiftofgoodhealthtosharewithothers，eitherasalivingdonororbyappointingorgandonationupondeath．Byextendingyourselfthroughorgandonation，youwillliveonthroughothersinanextraordinarywayandgivecomforttoyourlovedones．25．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“giveof”mean?A．Relieve．B．Devote．C．Appreciate． D．Forgive．26．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A．Deewastheauthor’soldfriend．B．TheauthorattendedDee’sbirthdayparty．C．Deetreatedtheauthorasafamilymember．D．Theauthor’sdonationmadeDeelivesixyearslonger．27．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A．AnoldladybenefitedfromorgandonationB．ThememoryofmybelovedmotherC．ThedeepmeaningofloveD．Extendyourself11.【2019衡水中学高三五调C】Ourmodernworkinglivesareruledbytheconceptofcompetence．Theideathatliesbehindcompetenceisquitesimple：thatonecanstatewhatpeopleshoulddoinbehavioralterms，andthenmeasurewhetherapersonhassucceededinmeetingthattaskornot．Werarelyhaveasecondthoughtaboutwhethertheideaofmeasuringandachievingcompetenceisagoodoneornot．Infact，itisacontroversialone．Humansdonotlearnorworkinwaysthatcanbemeasuredbytheconceptofcompetence．Taketheexampleofabarista(咖啡师)whoisbeingtrainedtomakecoffee．Thejobtitleof“barista”suggestsadegreeofskillinmakingcoffee．However，baristasinlargecoffeechainsareusuallytrainedthroughcompetence-basedqualifications．Onepartofthesequalificationsistoproduceacupofcoffeetomeetaminimumstandard．Itmighthavetoachieveacertaintasteandappearance．Thismightseemperfectlyreasonable，buttherearetworeasonswhysuchanapproachtotrainingbaristasdoesnotwork．First，theproductionofacupofcoffeetoacertainstandardisabinary(二次元的)outcome．Thebaristascaneitherproduceacoffeeofacertainstandardortheycannot．Iftheyhappentoproducethebestcupofcoffeeintheworld，itdoesnotmatter，ascompetence-basedtrainingdoesnot