湖南天壹名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期9月大联考英语试题

天壹名校联盟·2024届高三9月大联考英语本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillthemandothisSundayafternoon?A.Preparefortheexam.B.Takeabreakathome.C.Gototheconcert.2.Whoislikelytobethepresidentofthepany?A.Kevin.B.Sam.C.Mark.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atasupermarket.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$10.B.$15.C.$20.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofbrownsuits?A.Boring.B.Formal.C.Fashionable,第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:15.B.8:45.C.9:15.7.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutfoodsattheairport?A.Theytastegood.B.They’reexpensive.C.Therearemanychoices.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Sheisatrainer.B.Sheisadoctor.C.Sheisashopassistant.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Changehisglasses.B.Growsomeplants.C.Resthiseyes.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman’sidea?A.Concerned.B.Indifferent.C.Opposed.11.Whenwasthelasttimethemanplayedbasketball?A.Onemonthago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.25yearsago.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Runregularly.B.Goonadiet.C.Checkhishealthcondition.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtokeephealthy.B.Howtostartexercising.C.Howtoprepareforagame.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatshouldbeincludedintheapartment?A.Akitchen.B.Abathroom.C.Adiningroom.15.Whydoesthewomangiveupthefirstapartment?A.Itisverynoisy.B.Itistoofar.C.Itcoststoomuch.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Providemorechoices.B.Givethecontactinformation.C.Takethewomantoanagency.17.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowstudents.B.Agentandclient.C.Houseownerandguest.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydoesthespeakersavemoney?A.Forretirement.B.Fortheloan.C.Foremergencies.19.Howmanyaccountsdoesthespeakerhave?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.20.Whatdoesthespeaker’sbadluckreferto?A.Acarproblem.B.Ahealthproblem.C.Asalaryproblem.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInsouthwesternFrance’ssunny“pinkcity”—Toulouse,thecuisineisbothrichandtasty.Here,wesingleoutthreemusttastesofToulouse.ToulousesausageSignupforJessica’sbrilliantTasteofToulousetoursandyou’llgettoeatyourwayaroundthecity’sbestfoodmarket,MarchéVictorHugo.OneofthestandstodashdirectlytoisMaisonGarcia,whichspecializesinsaucissedeToulouse,thecity’sfamousblackpeppery(胡椒味的)sausagesoldinalargespiralandidealforgrillingorbarbecuing.Youcanalsotryorbuythedriedversion,saucissesèche,whichiswonderfulforpicnics.CassouletIfthere’sonedisheverymeatlovermusttrywhenvisitingthissouthwesterncornerofFrance,it’stheregion’ssignaturedish.MadewithToulousesausage,whitebeans,porkrindandtrotter,confitduckandlocalgarlic,Cassouletgetsitsnamefromthecassoleclaypotinwhichit’scooked.Whilethisdishiscenturiesold,ToulousehasonlyrecentlyformeditsownBrotherhoodoftheToulouseCassoulet,whichwillpromoteit,alongsidetheothertwocities—CarcassonneandCastelnaudary—whoalsoclaimitastheirsignaturedish.InToulouse,chefsaddlambtomakeittheirown,buteachhastheirpreferredmethod.VioletsToulousemaybeknownasthepinkcity,butitssignatureflavourisviolet.Theflowersbecameapopularcropinthecityinthe19thcenturyastheythrivedinwinter.Whilecheaperversionstastesoapy,thebestqualityvioletflavourlendsagentleperfume(香味，香水)toicecream,macarons(马卡龙),andsomeFrenchcakes.AfragrantportisLaMaisondelaViolette,whichissetinasmallboatmoored(停泊)onthesideoftheCanalduMidiincentralToulouseandoffersaselectionofdeliciousviolettreats,fromcrystallizedpetalstotastyvioletshellchocolatealmonds.1.WhichisToulousesausageNOTidealforaccordingtothepassage?A.Picnics. B.Violettreats. C.Barbecuing. D.Cassoulet.2.WhatdoToulouse,CarcassonneandCastelnaudaryhaveinmon?A.ChefsthereaddlambtoCassoulet.B.TheyclaimCassouletastheirsignaturedish.C.TheyarelocatedinthesouthwesternofFrance.D.Chefstheremakefamousblackpepperysausage.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheLaMaisondeLaViolette?A.TakingaboattourinToulouse. B.Wearingvioletflavorperfumes.C.LearningtheoriginofToulouse. D.Enjoyingvarioustastyvioletfoods.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是在Toulouse必尝的三种东西。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Toulousesausage部分的“OneofthestandstodashdirectlytoisMaisonGarcia,whichspecializesinsaucissedeToulouse,thecity’sfamousblackpeppery(胡椒味的)sausagesoldinalargespiralandidealforgrillingorbarbecuing.Youcanalsotryorbuythedriedversion,saucissesèche,whichiswonderfulforpicnics.(可以直接冲过去的一个摊位是MaisonGarcia，它专营图卢兹香肠(saucissedeToulouse)，这是该市著名的黑胡椒香肠，呈大螺旋状出售，非常适合烧烤。你也可以尝试或购买干的satische，这是野餐的绝佳选择)”和Cassoulet部分的“MadewithToulousesausage,whitebeans,porkrindandtrotter,confitduckandlocalgarlic,Cassouletgetsitsnamefromthecassoleclaypotinwhichit’scooked.(由图卢兹香肠、白豆、猪皮和猪蹄、油锅鸭和当地大蒜制成的Cassoulet因其在砂锅中烹饪而得名)”可知，Toulousesausage可以用于烧烤、野餐或者制作炖锅菜。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Cassoulet部分的“Whilethisdishiscenturiesold,ToulousehasonlyrecentlyformeditsownBrotherhoodoftheToulouseCassoulet,whichwillpromoteit,alongsidetheothertwocities—CarcassonneandCastelnaudary—whoalsoclaimitastheirsignaturedish.(虽然这道菜已经有几百年的历史了，但图卢兹直到最近才成立了自己的BrotherhoodofToulouseCassoulet，该组织将推广这道菜，另外两个城市——Carcassonne和Castelnaudary——也声称这道菜是他们的招牌菜)”可知，这三座城市都声称Cassoulet是他们的招牌菜，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“AfragrantportisLaMaisondelaViolette,whichissetinasmallboatmoored(停泊)onthesideoftheCanalduMidiincentralToulouseandoffersaselectionofdeliciousviolettreats,fromcrystallizedpetalstotastyvioletshellchocolatealmonds.(LaMaisondeLaViolette是一家芬芳的餐厅，它坐落于Toulouse市中心CanalduMidi岸边的一艘小船上，提供各种美味的紫罗兰美食，从结晶花瓣到美味的紫罗兰壳巧克力杏仁)”可知，游客可以在LaMaisondeLaViolette享受各种美味的紫罗兰食物。故选D。BJessieisonamissiontochangewellnessinNewZealandforever.Thatsoundslikeanobleambition,butit’soneingfromamitmentstartedbyadversity(逆境).Jessiewasonly30whensheheardthenewsnooneatanyagewantstohear.“Iwashappilymarried,sixmonthspregnant(怀孕的)andexcitedaboutmyfuture.Theneverythingchangedinaninstant.Thedoctorshaddiscoveredatumourbiggerthanmybaby’sheadaroundmyuterus(子宫).”Jessiehademergencysurgerytosaveherbabyandremovethetumour.Shethenhadtoundergomonthsofdebilitating(令人虚弱的)treatment.Butthesurgerywasjustthebeginningofthejourney.Chemotherapy(化疗)doesn’tbuildpeopleup;itbreaksthemdown.Inmanyways,thehardestandlongestpartofthejourneyiswhatesafterthetherapystops—alongroadbacktowellness.“Icamefromamedicinerelatedbackground,soIknewthepowerofmoderndrugs.Buttherewasapointwherechemicalsweren’tenough,andmyrecoverydelayed.IknewIneededtotrytousethepowerofnaturetohelpmefindmywaybacktowellness,”saysJessie.“Ispentyearsstudyingoptionsandlearningaboutwhatwasavailabletome.”AsJessieregainedherstrength,shedecidedshecouldmakeadifferencetoNewZealandersbysharingherexperienceandnewfoundknowledgetohelppeoplelivehealthierlives.Andthroughthatjourney,AJEHealthcarestarted.Jessie’smissionwastomakenaturalhealthcareeasytounderstandandeffectiveinhelpingpeoplelivetheirbestlives.ButthisisjustthebeginningforJessie.Sheisdeterminedtogrowherbusiness,servehercustomersdelightfully,andmakenaturalhealthcareaccessibletoallNewZealanders.4.WhenwasJessiediagnosedcancer?A.Whenshewaspregnant. B.Whenshedeliveredababy.C.Whenshehadanobleambition. D.WhenshemovedtoNewZealand.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheemergencysurgeryJessiehad?A.Itbrokeherdown. B.Itpletelycuredher.C.Itworsenedhercondition. D.Itwasthebeginningofthetreatment.6.WhywasAJEHealthcareestablished?A.Tocurepatientsofcancer. B.Tomakemedicalcareeasier.C.TopromoteJessie’sbusiness. D.Tohelpwithpeople’swellness.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FindingPurposeThroughAdversityB.TheEstablishmentofAJEHealthcareC.Jessie,aToughMotherinNewZealandD.HowNewZealandersPursueWellbeing【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了怀孕6个月的Jessie被诊断患有癌症，在做完积极手术挽救胎儿后，Jessie进行了长期的化疗，并在这个艰难的过程中建立了AJEHealthcare以帮助新西兰的人们过更健康的生活。【详解】1.细节理解题。由第二段““Iwashappilymarried,sixmonthspregnantandexcitedaboutmyfuture.Theneverythingchangedinaninstant.Thedoctorshaddiscoveredatumourbiggerthanmybaby’sheadaroundmyuterus(子宫).”(“我婚姻幸福，怀孕六个月，对自己的未来感到兴奋。然后一切都在一瞬间改变了。医生在我的子宫周围发现了一个比我孩子的头还大的肿瘤。)”可知Jessie在怀孕的时候被诊断患有癌症。故选A。2.推理判断题。根据第三段“Jessiehademergencysurgerytosaveherbabyandremovethetumour.Shethenhadtoundergomonthsofdebilitating(令人虚弱的)treatment.(Jessie做了紧急手术挽救了她的孩子并切除了肿瘤。随后，她不得不接受数月的令人虚弱的治疗。)”可知，Jessie所接受的手术治疗只是救了她的孩子、切除了肿瘤，后续还需经历很久的化疗，故手术成功只是整个治疗阶段的开始。A项谈论的是化疗的副作用而非手术。故选D。3.细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Andthroughthatjourney,AJEHealthcarestarted.Jessie’smissionwastomakenaturalhealthcareeasytounderstandandeffectiveinhelpingpeoplelivetheirbestlives.(通过这段旅程，AJEHealthcare开始了。Jessie的使命是让自然医疗更容易理解，并有效地帮助人们过上最好的生活。)”可知AJEHealthcare就是在Jessie追寻理想的过程中成立的，是为了帮助人们过更健康的生活。故选D。4.主旨大意题。由文章第一段“JessieisonamissiontochangewellnessinNewZealandforever.Thatsoundslikeanobleambition,butit’soneingfromamitmentstartedbyadversity(逆境).(Jessie的使命是永远改变新西兰的健康状况。这听起来像是一个崇高的抱负，但它来自于逆境中的承诺。)”及全篇对于Jessie的介绍可知，Jessie是在患癌、化疗的亲身体验中找到了自己的人生目标和使命。故此选A。CFor85years,theHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmenthastrackedanoriginalgroupof724menandmorethan1,300oftheirmaleandfemaledescendants(后代)overthreegenerations,askingthousandsofquestionsandtakinghundredsofmeasurementstofindoutwhatreallykeepspeoplehealthyandhappy.Throughalltheyearsofstudyingtheselives,onecrucialfactorstandsoutfortheconsistencyandpowerofitsbondtophysicalhealth,mentalhealthandlongevity:goodrelationships.In2008,researcherstelephonedthewivesandhusbandsofHarvardStudycouplesintheir80severynightforeightnights.Researchersspoketoeachpartnerseparatelyandaskedthemaseriesofquestionsabouttheirdays.Ondayswhenthesemenandwomenspentmoretimeinthepanyofothers,theywerehappier.Likemostolderpeople,thoseintheHarvardStudyexperienceddaytodayrisesandfallsintheirlevelsofphysicalpainandhealthdifficulties.Butresearchersfoundthatthepeoplewhowereinmoresatisfyingrelationshipswerecushioned(缓冲)somewhatfromtheseupsanddownsofmood—theirhappinessdidnotdeclineasmuchonthedayswhentheyhadmorepain.Simplyput,theirhappymarriagesseemedtohaveaprotectiveeffect.ElizabethGillespie,atherapistofcouples,statedthatalthoughmostofusfoundthatourexperienceofrelationshipsmightbehard,andattimes,impossible,itisessentialtoourwellbeing.Todayweliveinmuchmoreplicatedenvironments,someetingoursocialneedspresentsdifferentchallenges.Wemightbesittingonagoldmineofvitalitythatwearenotpayingattentionto,becauseitishiddenbytheshinyappealofsmartphonesorpushedtothesidebyworkdemands.8.What’sthepurposeoftheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopment?ATostudytheirlivesoverthreegenerations.B.Torevealthesecrettohealthandwellbeing.C.Totrackthedescendantsofanoriginalgroup.D.Tostudytherelationshipbetweenhealthandhappiness.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Byworkingwithotherresearchers.B.Bytrackingspecificgroupsofpeople.C.Byhelpingparticipantswithsocialdifficulties.D.Byparingtheresultsfromdifferentpeople.10.WhydidtheauthormentiontheexamplesinParagraph4?A.Toprovideevidenceforthebondofhealthandlongevity.B.Tointroducetheconceptofphysicalpainandhealthdifficulties.C.Toshowthenegativeimpactofunhappymarriagesonolderpeople’smood.D.Tosupportthepositiveimpactofsatisfyingrelationshipsonpeople’slives.11.AccordingtoElizabethGillespie,whatisessentialtoourwellbeing?A.Havinggoodsocialconnections.B.Decliningpainsanddifficulties.C.Overingupsanddownsofmood.D.Experiencingrisesandfallsofphysicalhealth.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过对哈佛大学成人发展研究的项目的阐述说明了友好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。【详解】1.推理判断题。由第一段“For85years,theHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmenthastrackedanoriginalgroupof724menandmorethan1,300oftheirmaleandfemaledescendants(后代)overthreegenerations,askingthousandsofquestionsandtakinghundredsofmeasurementstofindoutwhatreallykeepspeoplehealthyandhappy.(85年来，哈佛大学成人发展研究追踪了一个由724名男性及其1300多名男性和女性后代组成的原始群体，历时三代，提出了数千个问题，并进行了数百次测量，以找出真正让人们保持健康和快乐的因素。)”可知，哈佛大学成人发展研究的目的是揭示健康和幸福的秘密。故选B。2.细节理解题。由第三段“In2008,researcherstelephonedthewivesandhusbandsofHarvardStudycouplesintheir80severynightforeightnights.Researchersspoketoeachpartnerseparatelyandaskedthemaseriesofquestionsabouttheirdays.(2008年，研究人员连续八晚每晚给哈佛大学研究中80多岁夫妇的妻子和丈夫打。研究人员分别与每对伴侣交谈，并问了他们一系列关于日常生活的问题)”可知，研究者通过追踪特定群体来实施研究。故选B。3.推理判断题。由第二段“Throughalltheyearsofstudyingtheselives,onecrucialfactorstandsoutfortheconsistencyandpowerofitsbondtophysicalhealth,mentalhealthandlongevity:goodrelationships.(通过多年来对这些生活的研究，有一个关键因素突出了它与身体健康、心理健康和寿命之间的一致性和力量：良好的人际关系。)”；第三自然段提及研究及研究对象“couplesintheir80s(80多岁的夫妇)”、研究过程及研究方法，第四段讲研究过程中的发现。第四段“Butresearchersfoundthatthepeoplewhowereinmoresatisfyingrelationshipswerecushioned(缓冲)somewhatfromtheseupsanddownsofmood—theirhappinessdidnotdeclineasmuchonthedayswhentheyhadmorepain.Simplyput,theirhappymarriagesseemedtohaveaprotectiveeffect.(但研究人员发现，那些处于更令人满意的关系中的人在一定程度上缓解了情绪的起伏——他们的幸福感在经历更多痛苦的日子里并没有下降那么多。简单地说，他们幸福的婚姻似乎起到了保护作用。)”可知通过具体的例子，使读者可以更加直观地理解这个研究结果，并且更容易接受这个结论的可信度。即为了支持令人满意的关系对人们生活的积极影响。故选D。4.推理判断题。由第五段“...althoughmostofusfoundthatourexperienceofrelationshipsmightbehard,andattimes,impossible,itisessentialtoourwellbeing(虽然我们大多数人发现我们的人际关系经历可能很难，有时甚至是不可能的，但它对我们的幸福至关重要)”可知，ElizabethGillespie认为experienceofrelationships(关系体验)即拥有好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。故此选A。DIt’sarealitythatfoodproduction,biodiversityandcarbonstorageinecosystemsarepetingforthesameland.Ashumansdemandmorefood,somoreforestsarecleared,andfarmsbeelesspleasanttomanywildanimalsandplants.Therefore,globalconservationwillfailunlessitaddressestheissueoffoodproduction.Fortunately,somenewtechnologiesarebeingdevelopedthatmakeasystemwiderevolutioninfoodproductionpossible.Accordingtorecentresearch,thistransformationcouldmeetincreasedglobalfooddemandsbyagrowinghumanpopulationonlessthan20%oftheworld’sexistingfarmland.Aroundfourfifthsofthelandisusedtoproducemeatanddairy.Globalmeatconsumptionhasincreasedbymorethan50%inthepast20years.Producingallthatextrameatwillmeaneitherchangingevenmorelandintofarms,orcrammingevenmorecows,chickensandpigsintoexistingland.Neitheroptionisgoodforbiodiversity.Unlessfoodproductionistackledheadon,weareleftwithnohopeoflongtermsuccess.Weneedtotacklethecauseofbiodiversitychange.Theprincipalglobalapproachtoclimatechangeistofocusonthecauseandminimizegreenhousegasemissions,nottomanufacture(制造)billionsofparasols(遮阳伞).Thesameisrequiredforbiodiversity.Luckily,labgrownfoodprovidesanalternative.Theprocessinvolvesgrowinganimalproductsfromrealanimalcells,ratherthangrowingactualanimals.Animalcrueltywouldbeeliminatedand,withnoneedforcowswanderingaroundinfields,thefactorywouldtakeupfarlessspacetoproducethesameamountofmeatormilk.Otheremergingtechnologiesincludemicrobialproteinproductionwherebacteriauseenergyderived(来自)fromsolarpanelstochangecarbondioxideandothernutrientsintocarbohydratesandproteins.Thiscouldgenerateasmuchproteinassoybeansbutinjust7%ofthearea.ItisevenpossibletogeneratesugarsthroughextractingCO,fromtheatmosphere,allwithouteverpassingthroughalivingplantoranimal.Theresultingsugarsarechemicallythesameasthosederivedfromplantsbutwouldbegeneratedinatinyfractionofthearearequiredbyconventionalcrops.12.Whatplaysakeyroleinglobalconservation?A.Carbonstorage. B.Foodproduction.C.Newtechnology. D.Existingfarmland.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cramming”inParagraph3mean?A.Producing. B.Transforming. C.Packing. D.Dividing.14.Whatistheprincipalglobalapproachtobiodiversitychange?A.Focusingonthecauseofit. B.Developingnewtechnologies.C.Manufacturingbillionsofparasols. D.Minimizinggreenhousegasemissions.15.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5toParagraph7?A.Newtechnologiesmakelesseningfarmlandpossible.B.Generatingsugarsrequiresatinyfractionofthearea.C.Labgrownfoodhelpstoproducemoremeatandmilk.D.Newtechnologieshaveresolvedtheissueoffoodproduction.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是正在开发的一些新技术使粮食生产的全系统革命成为可能。根据最近的研究，这种转变可以在不到世界现有农田20%的情况下满足不断增长的人口对全球粮食的需求。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Therefore,globalconservationwillfailunlessitaddressestheissueoffoodproduction.(因此，除非解决粮食生产问题，否则全球保护将失败。)”可知，在全球保护中起着关键作用的是粮食生产。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Aroundfourfifthsofthelandisusedtoproducemeatanddairy.Globalmeatconsumptionhasincreasedbymorethan50%inthepast20years.Producingallthatextrameatwillmeaneitherchangingevenmorelandintofarms,orcrammingevenmorecows,chickensandpigsintoexistingland.Neitheroptionisgoodforbiodiversity.(大约五分之四的土地用于生产肉类和奶制品。在过去20年中，全球肉类消费量增长了50%以上。生产所有这些额外的肉类意味着要么将更多的土地改为农场，要么将更多奶牛、鸡和猪cramming进现有的土地。这两种选择都不利于生物多样性。)”可知，句子表示“把更多的牛、鸡和猪塞进现有的土地”，划线词cramming表示“塞进，挤满”，和C选项Packing意思相近，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第四段的“Weneedtotacklethecauseofbiodiversitychange.Theprincipalglobalapproachtoclimatechangeistofocusonthecauseandminimizegreenhousegasemissions,nottomanufacture(制造)billionsofparasols(遮阳伞).Thesameisrequiredforbiodiversity.(我们需要解决生物多样性变化的原因。全球应对气候变化的主要方法是关注原因并最大限度地减少温室气体排放，而不是制造数十亿把阳伞。生物多样性也是如此。)”可知，我们要从根源上解决生物多样性的变化，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段的“Luckily,labgrownfoodprovidesanalternative.Theprocessinvolvesgrowinganimalproductsfromrealanimalcells,ratherthangrowingactualanimals.Animalcrueltywouldbeeliminatedand,withnoneedforcowswanderingaroundinfields,thefactorywouldtakeupfarlessspacetoproducethesameamountofmeatormilk.(幸运的是，实验室种植的食物提供了另一种选择。这个过程包括从真正的动物细胞中培育动物产品，而不是培育真正的动物。虐待动物的行为将被消除，而且由于不需要奶牛在田野里游荡，工厂将占用更少的空间来生产同样数量的肉或牛奶。)”，第六段的“Otheremergingtechnologiesincludemicrobialproteinproduction,wherebacteriauseenergyderived(来自)fromsolarpanelstochangecarbondioxideandothernutrientsintocarbohydratesandproteins.Thiscouldgenerateasmuchproteinassoybeansbutinjust7%ofthearea.(其他新兴技术包括微生物蛋白质生产，细菌利用太阳能电池板产生的能量将二氧化碳和其他营养物质转化为碳水化合物和蛋白质。它可以产生和大豆一样多的蛋白质，但只占7%的面积。)”和最后一段的“Theresultingsugarsarechemicallythesameasthosederivedfromplantsbutwouldbegeneratedinatinyfractionofthearearequiredbyconventionalcrops.(由此产生的糖在化学上与从植物中提取的糖相同，但只需传统作物所需面积的一小部分就能产生。)”可知，第五到七段介绍的几个新兴技术都能减少土地的使用，因此第五到七段的主要内容是A选项“Newtechnologiesmakelesseningfarmlandpossible.(新技术使减少耕地成为可能。)”。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Astheweekendestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxietyandevendread(恐惧)abouttheupingweek.____16____Here’showyoucaneaseyourendofweekendanxiety.StructureyourSunday.StructurecanbeabestfriendwhenfeelingtheSundayscaries.Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclockaimlessly,dosomethingthatyouenjoy.Youmightstillgetthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyouhaveacheerfulschedule.____17____It’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivities.Identifyyouranxietysources.Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience.____18____Createmultipletodolists:onelistfortasksthatneedtobepletedimmediately,anotherfortasksthatarelessurgent,andafinallistfortasksthatyou’dliketopleteatsomepoint.Seeingthesecanhelpputintoperspectivewhat’simportantandwhatyoucanletgooffornow.Thiscanhelpdecreasetheanticipationofthestressanddreadoftheweek.Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.Havingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingtothinkaboutthat’spleasing,ratherthanonlyfocusingonthedreadyoufeel.It’saformofreframingyourthoughts.Donotfocusontheawfulthings.____19____Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstosomethingfunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.____20____MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourself.Inthisway,youareabletogiveyourselfproperrelaxingtime.Itcouldbeplanningsomefavoritefoodstoenjoywhilewatchingfootball.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou—leavetheworkemailsforMondaymorning.A.ChecktheemailsonSundaynights.B.EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.C.Besides,trynottostuffyourweekendwithtoomanyoddsandends.D.Instead,buildexcitementoveracoffeeorlunchdatewithafriend.E.AlthoughtheSundayscariesaremon,theyarestillmanageable.F.Onewaytomanageitistofindwhatreallycausesyoutodreadtheweek.G.Itcanbewhateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontofleefromtheanxiety.【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何缓解周末焦虑。【16题详解】空前“Astheweekendestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxietyandevendread(恐惧)abouttheupingweek.(随着周末的结束，我们中的许多人错过了周日的欢乐日，而对即将到来的一周感到焦虑甚至恐惧。)”说明了我们很多人会有周末焦虑，空后“Here’showyoucaneaseyourendofweekendanxiety.(以下是缓解周末焦虑的方法。)”说明周末焦虑是可以缓解的，因此空格处应该说周末焦虑是可以被控制或解决的，E选项“AlthoughtheSundayscariesaremon,theyarestillmanageable.(尽管周日恐慌很常见，但它们仍然是可控的。)”说明周日焦虑是可以控制的，承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】空后“It’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivities.(为令人放松的活动腾出空间是很重要的。)”说明要为一些令人放松的活动腾出空间，因此空格处应该是说不要把周末填得太满，C选项“Besides,trynottostuffyourweekendwithtoomanyoddsandends.(此外，尽量不要让你的周末塞满太多零碎的东西。)”说明了不要把周末都填满了，引起下文，符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】本段小标题是“Identifyyouranxietysources.(确定焦虑的来源。)”，空前“Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience.(焦虑是一种正常的人类体验。)”说明焦虑是很正常的，空格处应该说要找到你周末焦虑的原因，F选项“Onewaytomanageitistofindwhatreallycausesyoutodreadtheweek.(处理它的一个方法是找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因。)”说明了要找到周末焦虑的原因，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】空前“Donotfocusontheawfulthings.(不要专注于糟糕的事情。)”说明不要专注于糟糕的事情，空格处应该说正确的做法是什么，D选项“Instead,buildexcitementoveracoffeeorlunchdatewithafriend.(相反，和朋友一起喝杯咖啡或吃顿午餐让你兴奋起来。)”说明了正确的做法是和朋友去喝咖啡放松一下，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourself.Inthisway,youareabletogiveyourselfproperrelaxingtime.Itcouldbeplanningsomefavoritefoodstoenjoywhilewatchingfootball.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou—leavetheworkemailsforMondaymorning.(周日晚上为自己做点事情。这样，你就能给自己适当的放松时间。它可以是计划一些最喜欢的食物，一边看足球一边享用。尽你所能珍惜这段时间，让周日晚上完全属于你——把工作邮件留到周一早上。)”说明了周日的晚上应该为自己做一些令人放松的事情，B选项“EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.(带着正确的能量结束你的周日。)”说明了在周日晚上应该做一些对的事情，可作为本段小标题，故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sixteenyearsago,whileweweredrivingonvacation,mywifedecidedtopassthetimebysinging“TheChristmasSong”.Shesangitoverandoveragain.Somehow,Idecidedto____21____withher.Whenshegottothe____22____“JackFrostnipping(捏)atyournose,”Isaid,inmymosthorrifiedvoice,“Whyareyou____23____thatsong?”Asshelookedconfused,Iproceededto____24____herthatJackFrostwasthenameofaviolentpatientwho____25____anasylum(精神病院)onChristmasinthe1920sandwentarounddevouring(吞噬)faces,____26____noses,whichhehadacquireda____27____for.Shockedandterrified,she____28____itpletely.Fastforwardtothisyear.It’ssnowingoutsideandIwasinagoodmood.Istartedsinging“TheChristmasSong”andmywifethen____29____methatJackFrost,theserial____30____biter,hadforever____31____thatsongforher.Ilaughedand____32____thatIwasteasingthatdayandthatIhonestlydidn’tthinkshebelievedme.Shegotquite____33____sinceforalltheseyearsshehadcheerfullysharedthisdarkandshockingstorywithanyonewhowouldlistenanditturnedouta____34____.Asforme,thoughIamnowtheKingofLieswhoisnevertobe____35____again,ithasbeethemostcheerfulholidaystoryinourfamilyever.21.A.agree B.mess C.pass D.drive22.A.line B.song C.story D.sentence23.A.hearing B.voicing C.singing D.playing24.A.blame B.inform C.award D.teach25.A.madefunof B.tookchargeof C.brokeoutof D.gotaheadof26.A.rarely B.frequently C.usually D.particularly27.A.taste B.flavor C.standard D.skill28.A.accepted B.bought C.denied D.liked29.A.wrote B.sold C.reminded D.spared30.A.nose B.patient C.asylum D.arm31.A.pleted B.ruined C.broken D.restored32.A.argued B.confirmed C.admitted D.announced33.A.joyful B.grateful C.awkward D.mad34.A.lie B.edy C.drama D.show35.A.teased B.trusted C.heard D.loved【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者以前因为烦妻子一直唱《圣诞歌》而撒了个关于JackFrost的谎言，这使作者成了谎言之王，但是这个故事也成了作者家最快乐的节日故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我决定干涉她。A.agree同意；B.mess弄乱，弄脏；C.pass经过；D.drive开车。根据下文“inmymosthorrifiedvoice”可知，作者受不了妻子一直唱那首歌，所以决定干涉她。messwith意为“卷入；干涉”，符合题意。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她唱到“杰克·弗罗斯特在咬你的鼻子”这句时，我用最惊恐的声音说:“你为什么要唱那首歌？”A.line话，台词；B.song歌曲；C.story故事；D.sentence句子。根据下文“JackFrostnipping(捏)atyournose”可知，这句是