2024年专四语法模拟题

专四語法模拟題1.Spaceexplorationpromisestoopenupmanynewterritoriesforhumansettlement,aswellas_____theharvestofmineralresources.A.leadstoB.toleadtoC.leadingtoD.leadto2.Someday,solarpowercollectedbysatellites____theearthmaygiveusalltheenergyweneedforanexpandingcivilization.A.circledB.tocircleC.circlingD.circles3.Inthisexperiment,theyarewakenedseveraltimesduringthenight,andaskedtoreportwhatthey_______.A.hadjustbeendreamingB.arejustdreamingC.havejustbeendreamingD.hadjustdreamt4.Herterrorwassogreat______somewheretoescape,shewouldhaverunforherlife.A.onlyifB.thattherehadonlybeenC.thathadthereonlybeenD.iftherewereonly5.Somewomen________agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.A.mustmakeB.shouldhavemadeC.wouldmakeD.couldhavemade6.Alightwithnomorepowerthan_______byanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.A.asisproducedB.thatproducedC.thatisproducedD.produced7.Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalone_____whatlaybeneaththesurface.A.askingB.askC.toaskD.beasked8.Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,_____attheotherstore.A.anyoneB.theothersC.thatD.theones9.Theatmosphereisasmuchapartoftheearthas___itssoilandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceans.A.areB.isC.doD.has10.Fromnowon,whenanyoneinourrankswhohasdonesomeusefulworkdies,______soldierorcook,weshouldhaveafuneralceremonyandamemorialmeetinginhishonor.A.nomatterheisB.whetherhehasbeenC.beheD.whetherbehe11.In1921EinsteinwontheNobelPrize,andwashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazism_____hewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.A.thenB.andC.whenD.before12.Physicsisthepresent-dayequivalentof_____usedtobecallednaturalphilosophyfromwhichmostofpresent-daysciencearose.A.thatB.allC.whichD.what13._____thepopulationofworkingageincreasedby1millionbetween1981and1986,todayitisbarelygrowing.A.WhereasB.EvenifC.AfterD.Nowthat14.Bythefirstdecadeofthe21stcentury,internationalcommercialtraffic_____vastlybeyondtoday’slevels.A.willbeexpectedtoextendB.willhavebeenexpectedtoextendC.isexpectedtobeextendedD.isexpectedtohaveextended15.Hisfeatureswereagreeable;hisbody,_____slightofbuild,hadsomethingofathleticoutline.A.somehowB.asC.thoughD.somewhat16.Weadvocate______theeconomic,culturalandreligioustraditionsofallnationalminorities.A.torespectB.toberespectedC.respectingD.havingrespected17.Therearetwohorsesattheendsofarope____withalltheirmightinoppositedirections.A.pullingB.pullC.pulledD.topull18.TodaytheTennesseeValleyisoneoftherichestareasintheworld.ButifthingsA.hadleftB.wereleftC.hadbeenleftD.hadbeenleaving19.Aftertwentyyearsabroad,Williamcamebackonly____howhishometownwasdamagedinanearthquake.A.tofindoutB.findingoutC.tohavefoundoutD.tobefindingout20.Relaxation,______freshair,purewaterandcleanfood,isessentialtoasoundmindandhealthybody.A.muchlessthanB.nolessthanC.nomorethanD.anylessthan21.Itisfarbettertodowellabitofworkwhichiswell___alargefortune.A.worthytobedonethanhaveB.worthdoingthantohaveC.worthwhiletodothanhaveD.worthyofdoingthanhave22.Understandingtheculturalhabitofanothernation,especially_____containingasmanydifferentsubculturesastheUnitedStates,isacomplextask.A.oneB.theoneC.thatD.such23.Whetherornotthenextplanwillyieldanypositiveresults____tobeseen.A.remainB.remainsC.isremainedD.haveremained24.Ifeveragain___happensanaccidentlikethis,wewillhaveonlyourselvestoblame.A.itB.soC.thereD.that25.Thisisthemostimportantrespect____civilizedmancanbedistinguishedfromprimitivecommunities.A.whichB.inwhichC.withwhichD.that26.Withproduction______steadily,thefactoryneedsanever-increasingsupplyofrawmaterials.A.havinggoneupB.goesupC.goneupD.goingup27.Ithoughtthetechnicianwastoblamefortheblowingofthefuse,butIseenow_____Iwasmistaken.A.howB.thatC.whereD.why28.Themembersofthedelegationwereglad_____longerthanoriginallyplanned.A.tobestayingB.stayingC.tohavestayedD.iftheystayed29.Thestudentsweremuchencouraged_____achancetotalkwiththeAmericansinEnglish.A.togetB.gottenC.tohavegotD.havinggot30.Whenapersonisinahappyframeofmind,hemayagreeonthethingthathewon’ttoleratewhenheisnotintherightframeofmind.A.doingB.todoC.doneD.tobedone31.Recentlymanyschoolshavefacedwhatcouldbecalledthecrisisofcomprehensionor,insimpleterms,thephenomenonofstudentswithphonicandgrammarskillsstill______unabletounderstandwhattheyread.A.areB.tobeC.beingD.havebeen32.I_____thetrainbutIoversleptthatmorning.A.couldcatchB.mightcatchC.musthavecaughtD.couldhavecaught33.Itisverykindofyoutodothewashing-up,butyou____it.A.mustn’thavedoneB.wouldn’thavedoneC.mightn’thavedoneD.didn’thavetodo34.Takingmorevitaminthanthebodyneedsdoesnotmakeitfunctionbetter___over-fulfillingtheoillampmakesitlightenbetter.A.nomorethanB.anymorethanC.notmorethanD.muchmorethan35.DoyouhaveanyideawhatJimdoesallSunday?Hespendsasmuchtimeidlingaboutashedoes____.A.hisstudyB.studyingC.tostudyD.onhisstudy36.Justasthebuilderisskilledinthehandlingofhisbricks,_____theexperiencedwriterinthehandlingofhiswords.A.andsoisB.asisC.thesameisD.sois37.Thenewhotelhaserectedabeautifulbuildingwithrecreationareaandconferencefacilitiesonthetopfloor_____thefinestviewofthecitycanbeobtained.A.inwhichB.overwhichC.whereD.there38.Weagreetoaccept____theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.A.whateverB.whomeverC.whicheverD.whoever39.Althoughmanypeopleviewconflictasbad,conflictissometimesuseful____itforcespeopletotesttherelativemeritsoftheirattitudesandbehaviors.A.bywhichB.sothatC.inthatD.providedthat40.Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcornersunless____todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.A.madeB.beingmadeC.havingmadeD.tobemad41.Aknockatthedooragain!Itwasthethirdtimesomeone___methatevening.A.hasinterruptedB.hadinterruptedC.tohaveinterruptedD.wouldhaveinterrupted42.Thegovernmentagreestoinstallservices____byresidentsoveraten-yearperiod.A.whicharetobepaidforB.forwhichtobepaidC.whichtobepaidforD.tobepaidforwhich43.Hewouldalwaysignorethefactof___suchacontradictioninhisinnerthought.A.theretobeB.therebeingC.itbeingD.therehavingbeen44.They____uswillinglybuttheyhappenedtobeshortofhands,too.A.wouldhelpB.wouldhavehelpedC.weregoingtohelpD.musthavehelped45.Researchfindingsshowthatwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynightnomatterwhatwe_____duringtheday.A.shouldhavedoneB.wouldhavedoneC.mayhavedoneD.musthavedone46.Ifyouaretocatchatrain,itisalwaysbettertobecomfortablyearlythanevenafractionofaminute___late.A.tooB.veryC.muchD.rather47.Ifyouhavebeengeneroustoapersonforaperiodoftime,itismostlikelythatthepersonwilltakeadvantageofyourgenerosityandtradeonyour“weakness”___becomeappreciativeofyourkindness.A.butnotB.letaloneC.ratherthanD.insteadof48.Apoetmustnotwritefortheagespast,butfor___inwhichhelivesandthosewhicharetofollow.A.oneB.thoseC.theoneD.that49.Thereisadelicatebalanceofnature___manysquaremilesofoceanandvegetationandcleanairareneededtomaintainonlyarelativelyfewhumanbeings.A.whereB.inwhichC.whenD.how50.Therearecases____newfactoriesarebeingputupandbeautifuloldtreesaregoingtobecutdownforanewfactory.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when51.Somebodyinthenextroommustbeill,___adoctorhasjustcomeout.A.becauseB.forC.inthatD.as52.Tounderstandthesituationcompletelyrequiresmorethoughtthan_____thusfar.A.hasgivenB.wasgivenC.beinggivenD.hasbeengiven53.Ofgreatsignificancethenation-widemovementis____theKampucheanpeopleintheirheroicstruggleagainsttheaggressionoftheVietnamese.A.tosupportB.forsupportingC.supportingD.ofsupporting54.Manyfarmerscametothecity,____jobsandforalltheotherlegendaryopportunitiesoflifeinthecity.A.lookingforB.tolookforC.havinglookedforD.lookedfor55.Itisrequestedthatanapplicantwhoseundergraduateworkisdoneatanotherinstitution____twocopiesofundergraduatetranscriptsanddegreesdirectlytothedeanofthegraduateschool.A.mustsendB.sendC.aretosendD.needsend56.You____herinherofficelastFriday;she’sbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.A.needn’thaveseenB.mighthaveseenC.musthaveseenD.can’thaveseen57.Whenwearrived,hefound____theagedandthesickathome.A.nonebutB.noneotherthanC.nothingbutD.nootherthan58.Ihopealltheprecautionsagainstairpollution,____aresuggestedbythelocalgovernment,willbeseriouslyconsideredhere.A.asB.whileC.afterD.since59.Supposetherewereafloodoranearthquakeandthepeoplecouldnotbereachedbytrainsortrucks.____packagesoffoodcouldbedroppedfromplanes,thepeoplemightstarve.A.UntilB.BeforeC.UnlessD.Ifonly60.Maryhaslonghadthedesire____afamouswritereventhoughthestudyofwritingwouldrequireyearsofsacrificeonherpart.A.forbecomingB.tobecomeC.ofbecomingD.becoming61.Thisissodifficultaproblemthatthescientistisknownto___onitforabouttenyears,buthasn’tfoundasolutionyet.A.haveworkedB.havebeenworkingC.beworkingD.workon62.You____suchalongessay;ourteacheronlyaskedfor200words,andyouhavewritten300!A.mustn’thavewrittenC.needn’thavewrittenD.mightnotaswellhavewritten63._____foraches,painsandfever,aspirinisnowthesubjectofmultipleinvestigationsofitsroleintreatingmanymoreseriouscomplaints.A.LongusedB.BeingusedlongC.HavingbeenlongusedD.Ithaslongbeenused64.Innocountry____Britain,ithasbeensaid,canoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.A.betterthanB.morethanC.otherthanD.ratherthan65.“WhatdoyousuggestIwriteabout,then,tostandachancenextyear?”“Itisn’tsomuch___youwriteastheway___youwriteit.”A.what…thatB.what…whichC.what…howD.which…that66.Afterpeoplehavelearnedthatmagnetsattractthings,centuriespassed_____theytooknoteofthefactthatmagnetssometimesalsorepelthings.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.since67.Iwalkeddownthecorridor,myfootsteps____frighteninglythroughtheemptydesertedbuilding.A.echoingB.echoedC.toechoD.havingechoed68.Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers________overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whose1.Caswellas在語法功能上相称于介詞，因此在句中要接動名詞leadingto。2.C句子的主語為solarpowerorfissionpower，谓語是maygive,collectedbysatellitecirclingtheearth是後置定語修饰solarpower，其中circlingtheearth又是目前分詞短語修饰satellite，“围绕地球的卫星”，相称于thesatellitewhichcirclestheearth。其他选择项均不符合句子語法构造规定。3.C句中已給出频次状語severaltimes，阐明要用完毕時态，同步句子的時态定位是目前時theyarewakened，显然不能用過去完毕時，因此选C。4.C這是壹种so…that构造表到达果状語的句型，A、D可以排除。在that從句中又有条件從句，并且应當是虚拟語气构造，B中没有表达条件的连詞，是錯误的。C虽然也没有连詞if，但采用了倒装构造，可以将if省略，又是haddone，表达与過去事实相反的假设，時态、构造完全對的，因此是惟壹對的的选择。5.D這是壹种含蓄虚拟句，意為“有些妇女完全可以不呆在家裏，干壹份工作挣得可观的工资，可是她們决定不工作，為的是照顾家庭”，因此选D。shouldhavemade意思是“本应當做而实际上没做”，与原句意不够贴切。6.B相称于Alightwithnomorepowerthanthepowerthatisproducedby…。that替代power，表达相比较的事物，而D中没有比较對象，故不對；as表达原级比较，不与than用在壹起，故A也不對的；C中缺乏that的先行詞，也是錯误的。7.Cletalone，“更不用說……”，在使用方法上相称于并列连詞，因此规定填入与前面同样的构造，此处是不定式。8.D句子规定填壹种可以替代theserefrigerators的代詞，故排除A、C。theothers壹般与另壹部分相對而言，在此句中不對，因此选theones。9.A句子後半句是倒装句，主語是复数itssoilandthewaterofitslakes,riversandoceans，由于较長，所後来置，故选A。10.C此句具有让步状語從句whether…or…“不管是……還是……”，采用倒装後省略连詞，用原形動詞，因此只能选C。11.Cwhen引导時间從句：“纳粹上台的時候,他被赶出德国……”then不是连詞,用在句中不符合句法规定;假如选B,应為andthen;before填入句中句意不通。12.D句中规定壹种可以引导of介詞宾語從句的连接詞,因此只有what具有這個功能。13.A前後两個句子是對比关系:increased和barelygrowing,而evenif表达让步“虽然”;after表达時间;nowthat表达原因,故只有whereas對的。14.D句子讲的是“人們期待到二拾壹世纪前時,国际性商业航空交通遠遠超過當今水平”,人們目前就期待,而不是未来期待,因此A、B是錯误的;此外,表到达未来某壹時刻為止已經完毕的動作或出現的状态,应用未来完毕時,按句意,是指extend這壹動作的完毕,因此应當在不定式上体現出来。根据上述分析,选D符合句意规定。15.Cthough表达让步,意為“虽然”，全句的意思是:“他的長相挺好,身体虽然瘦小,但有點儿运動员的样子。”somehow“不知怎么”、“不知什么原因”。as可以引导让步從句,但句子构造要倒装,不用于省略句,因此在此处不合适。somewhat“有几分”、“有點儿”,没有让步意味。16.C動詞advocate後接動名詞而不接不定式做宾語。D虽然是動名詞,但用其完毕式在語义上讲不通。17.Apulling是目前分詞在句中做horses的定語,相称于whichpull。18.Chadbeenleft表达与過去事实相反的假设“假如状况還像此前那样”。19.A不定式tofindout做成果状語,故意想不到的含义。不定式表到达果時,用其壹般式即可。20.Bnolessthan“与……同样(重要)”。全句意為:“放松休息,就像新鲜空气、纯净水、清洁的食品同样,是健康的身心所不可缺乏的。”?21.Btohavealargefortune与todowellabitofwork…是并列不定式。此外，worth,worthy,worthwhile在使用方法上的区别是:(1)worth是介詞,後接動名詞或名詞，形成介詞短語。接動名詞時,与主語是動宾关系，其形式是积极的，意义是被動的。如:Thebookisworthreading.(2)worthy是形容詞,置于be動詞後或名詞背面,做後位修饰語,其构造是:beworthyofdoingsth.,sth.isworthytobedone。(3)worthwhile是形容詞，要与形式主語it并用：Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.worth和worthy都不能用于這种构造。22.Aone指代前面提到的具有泛指含义的可数名詞單数,在该句中指代anothernation,句中属于泛指，可見B是錯误的。such指代前面讲過的整個状况，多用作主語。that指物時常用来指代不可数名詞,指代可数名詞時具有特指含义。23.Bwhether引导名詞性從句做主語,谓語動詞应為單数。此外，remain壹般不用被動式,因此B為對的选项。24.C這是therebe句型的异化形式，即therebe句型中還可以用be以外的不及物動詞，如live,stand,exist,come,remain等。25.B要填入的成分在從句中做状語,据此排除A、D。此外，respect规定介詞in,相称于inthisrespect“在這方面”,故选inwhich。26.D全句用的是壹般目前時态,阐明壹种状况,go是非及物動詞,要填入的是with介詞短語的壹部分，应用動名詞形式,因此选goingup。27.Bthat引导宾語從句,?see在句中的意思是understand。此句切不可從汉語角度理解成“我怎么錯了”或“我為何錯了”而錯选了A或D。28.C句子用的是過去時态…wereglad…,不定式完毕式tohavestayed表达這壹動作发生在谓語動詞wereglad之前,相称于：Themembersofthedelegationweregladthattheyhadstayedlongerthanoriginallyplanned.29.C句中不定式表达原因:“學生有机會用英語与美国人交談，很受鼓舞。”因此应用不定式完毕式。假如句子用的是壹般目前時are,那么选A是對的。30.Atolerate规定動名詞做宾語,只能选A。31.C動名詞being做students的逻辑谓語,相称于…students…beingunabletounderstandwhattheyread。整個動名詞短語做of的宾語，因此只能选C。32.D這是壹种含蓄虚拟条件句，前半部分假设，後半部分真实，因此应选couldhavecaught，意為“我本来能赶上火車的，可是那天早上我睡過頭了”。区别此类含蓄虚拟条件句的关键詞是but。33.Ddidn’thavetodoit“不用非得洗(碗)”，符合句意。34.Bnot…anymorethan…“与……同样不……”。本句意為：“摄入的维生素超過了身体所需要的量并不能使身体更好地发挥作用,就像往油灯中倒入過多的油不能使其更亮同样。”nomore…than与not…anymorethan同义,但句中前半部分已經有not,此处再填no是錯误的。35.B此題测试的是平行构造問題,即在并列或比较构造中，并列或比较的成分在語法形式上应壹致。如该句中应為：Hespendsasmuchtimeidlingaboutashespends(much)timestudying.句中does替代spends,idling与studying平行。36.D句子用的是justas…so…句型，後半部分规定倒装，因此应选D。37.Cwhere引导定語從句，在從句中做地點状語，相称于fromthetopfloor。38.Dwhoever引导名詞性從句，并在從句中做主語，用来指人。theythought是插入成分。39.Cinthat“是由于”，引导原因状語從句，符合句意。bywhich表达手段；sothat引导目的状語從句；providedthat引导条件状語從句。40.Amadetodoso是itismadetodoso的省略形式。unless是连詞，应连接句子，因此除A以外的其他几种选项都是錯误的。41.B此处用過去完毕時，是由于本句意指“到那次敲门，已經是第三次有人打扰我了”。句中用詞was和thatevening都阐明指過去发生的事，到過去某壹時刻為止已出現的状况用過去完毕時。42.Awhich在句中是关系代詞，要引导壹种句子，而B、C、D三個选项中都没有谓語，因此不是句子。本句意為：“政府同意提供服务设施，經费由居民在拾年期间偿還。”43.Btherebeing做介詞of的宾語，假如是介詞for，则用theretobe。44.B此句是含蓄虚拟語气句，暗含的假设条件為：iftheyhadn’thappenedtobeshortofhands。故应选B。45.Cmayhavedone“(不管我們白天)也許做了些什么”，符合句意。shouldhavedone“本该做(但实际未做)”；wouldhavedone表达与過去相反的假设；musthavedone是對已发生的状况作肯定推测。46.A句中toolate相称于toolatetocatchthetrain，因此选其他詞不合适。47.Cratherthan表达對比，在意思上前後形成對照：takeadvantageofyourgenerosity…ratherthanbecomeappreciativeofyourkindness意為“运用你的慷慨，而不是理解你的好意”。此外，ratherthan在构造上起并列作用，使takeadvantage与becomeappreciative平行。48.Ctheone替代theage，還原為：…butmustwritefortheageinwhichhelivesandtheageswhicharetofollow。49.Binwhich在定語從句中做状語，相称于intheb