2025届高考英语词根词缀素材

高中英语最实用的词根词缀汇总1.词根（Root）act：表示“做，行动”activate(使激活),react(反应),interact(互动)aud：表示“听”audience(听众),audible(听得见的),audio(音频)dict：表示“说”dictate(命令),predict(预言),contradict(反驳)graph/gram：表示“写，画”autograph(签名),diagram(图表),biography(传记)ject：表示“扔，投”reject(拒绝),project(项目),inject(注射)port：表示“携，带”transport(运输),import(进口),export(出口)rupt：表示“断裂，破”disrupt(扰乱),erupt(爆发),interrupt(打断)spect：表示“看”inspect(检查),respect(尊重),suspect(怀疑)struct：表示“建造”construct(建造),structure(结构),instruct(指导)tract：表示“拉，拖”attract(吸引),contract(合同),extract(提取)2.前缀（Prefix）a-/an-：表示“无，不”amoral(无道德的),anarchy(无政府状态),anonymous(匿名的)anti-：表示“反，对抗”antibiotic(抗生素),antifreeze(防冻剂),antibody(抗体)co-/com-/con-：表示“共同，一起”cooperate(合作),community(社区),connect(连接)dis-：表示“否定，相反”disagree(不同意),disappear(消失),disapprove(不赞成)in-/im-/il-/ir-：表示“否定，不”invisible(看不见的),impossible(不可能的),illegal(非法的),irregular(不规则的)pre-：表示“在前，预先”predict(预测),preview(预览),prepare(准备)re-：表示“再次，重新”rewrite(重写),rebuild(重建),review(复习)sub-：表示“在下，次级”submarine(潜水艇),subway(地铁),substitute(代替)3.后缀（Suffix）-able/-ible：表示“能...的”acceptable(可接受的),visible(可见的),flexible(灵活的)-ful：表示“充满...的”joyful(充满快乐的),hopeful(充满希望的),useful(有用的)-less：表示“无...的”hopeless(无望的),fearless(无畏的),endless(无尽的)-ment：表示“状态或结果”agreement(协议),enjoyment(享受),development(发展)-ness：表示“性质，状态”happiness(幸福),kindness(善良),darkness(黑暗)-tion/-sion：表示“动作或状态”action(行动),decision(决定),discussion(讨论)一些特例动词——形容词sleep→asleepdie

→

deadenjoy

→

enjoyable动词——现在分词转化为名词boat

→

boatingbuild

→

buildingbegin

→

beginningcross

→

crossingmeet

→

meetingturn

→

turning名词——形容词friend

→

friendlysouth

→

southernwool

→

woolendanger

→

dangerousdifference

→

differentfry

→

friedworry

→

worried动词——过去分词转为形容词break

→

brokenlose

→lostplease

→

pleasedcolour

→

coloured动词——名词know

→

knowledgeplease

→

pleasure动词——名词farm

→

farmer动词——现在分词、过去分词转为形容词follow

→

followinginterest

→

interested

（“感兴趣的”

只作表语，仅用于be

interested

in）interest

→

interesting

“有趣的”可作表语和定语develop

→

developed

“发达的”develop

→

developing

“发展中的”后缀法变名词-ence,-ance结尾的名词:存在exist—existence发生occur—occurrence查阅/参考refer—reference更喜欢/偏好prefer—preference不同differ—difference接受accept—acceptance出现appear—appearance履行perform—performance抵制resist—resistance指导guide—guidance进入enter—entrance保险insure—insurance帮助assist—assistance忍受

endure—endurance/tolerate—tolerance(2)-tion,-sion结尾的名词:生产produce—production介绍introduce—introduction消费consume—consumption减少reduce—reduction认为/假设assume—assumption/suppose—supposition毁灭

destroy—destruction描写describe—description打断

interrupt—interruption采纳/收养

adopt—adoption防止

prevent—prevention接收/接待处receive—reception解决

solve—solution进化evolve—evolution建议

suggest—suggestion编辑/版本

edit—edition展览

exhibit—exhibition打算/意图

intend—intention认出recognize—recognition解释/定义

define—definition保护

protect—protection方向/指导direct—direction指令

instruct—instruction建设construct—construction注射

inject—injection感染

infect—infection驳斥

reject—rejection反对

object—objection/oppose—opposition连接connect—connection收集

collect—collection纠正

correct—correction视察

inspect—inspection挑选select—selection选举

elect—election限制

restrict—restriction抵触/矛盾contradict—contradiction保留

reserve—reservation保存

preserve—preservation保护conserve—conservation观察observe—observation挨饿starve—starvation组织organize—organization文明

civilize—civilization认识

realize—realization考试examine—examination决定determine—determination形成form—formation通知

inform—information想象

imagine—imagination运输transport—transportation邀请invite—invitation期待expect—expectation诱惑

tempt—temptation改编/适应

adapt—adaptation移民

immigrate—immigration模仿

imitate—imitation准备prepare—preparation探索explore—exploration考虑consider—consideration宣布

declare—declaration装饰

decorate—decoration激发/灵感

inspire—inspiration放松/休闲

relax—relaxation交流communicate—communication占用/职业

occupy—occupation满足satisfy—satisfaction申请/应用

apply—application暗示

imply—implication推荐

recommend—recommendation口译/理解

interpret—interpretation结合

combine—combination操作/手术

operate—operation犹豫hesitate—hesitation教育educate—education定位

locate—location指出

indicate—indication参加

participate—participation计算

calculate—calculation欣赏/感激appreciate—appreciation联想/协会

associate—association分离

separate—separation冬眠

hibernate—hibernation赔偿

compensate—compensation调查

investigate—investigation庆祝

celebrate—celebration祝贺

congratulate—congratulation翻译

translate—translation积累

accumulate—accumulation加速

accelerate—acceleration捐赠

donate—donation解放liberate—liberation动力motivate—motivation革新innovate—innovation集中concentrate—concentration游行/示威

demonstrate—demonstration贡献contribute—contribution分发

distribute—distribution促进

promote—promotion致力

devote—devotion/dedicate—dedication沮丧

frustrate—frustration/depress—depression印象impress—impression表达express—expression拥有/财产possess—possession讨论discuss—discussion扩大

expand—expansion延伸extend—extension承认

admit—admission允许

permit—permission排放

emit—emission爆炸explode—explosion结论conclude—conclusion决定

decide—decision划分divide—division迷惑confuse—confusion(3)-ment结尾的名词:广告

advertise—advertisement同意

agree—agreement惊奇amaze—amazement吃惊

astonish—astonishment通告announce—announcement安排

arrange—arrangement评估assess—assessment发展

develop—development失望disappoint—disappointment雇用/就业employ—employment鼓舞

encourage—encouragement款待/娱乐entertain—entertainment装备

equip—equipment统治/政府govern—government改进improve—improvement

投资

invest—investment卷入

involve—involvement管理

manage—management惩罚

punish—punishment要求

require—requirement退休

retire—retirement定居/定居处settle—settlement阐述/陈述

state—statement对待/治疗treat—treatment以……为基础/地下室base—basement铺/人行道

pave—pavement完成/成就achieve—achievement/accomplish—accomplishment(4)-ness结尾的名词:adj.—n.意识aware—aw