2025年高考英语总复习专项练习18 阅读理解＋读后续写

练习18阅读理解+读后续写

I.阅读理解

A

2024.贵阳质量监测应用文302词★★★☆☆

Xi'an,asthelongest-runningcapitalinancientChina,hasshapedthecountry'scultureandhistory.Witha

historyofover3,000years,ithasgivenbirthtomanydynasties.Ifplanningashorttour,besuretovisitthe

recommendedattractionsthattrulycapturethespiritofthisancientcity.

TheTerracottaArmy

TheTerracottaArmyisaremarkablearchaeologicalfindandapopulartouristdestinationinChina.

ConstructedbyEmperorQinShihuanginthe3rdcenturyBC,itfeatureslife-sizeterracottasoldiers,horses,and

chariotsarrangedinbattleformation.Themuseumhousesthreevaults（墓穴）andanexhibitionhall,withVault

Onebeingthelargest,displayingover6,000figures.Thesesculpturesofferinsightsofhighvalueintoancient

China'shistory,military,andculture.

Xi*anAncientCityWall

Xi'anAncientCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstemperoroftheMing

Dynasty（1368——1644）asamilitarydefencesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecity

walls.Thewallisnowalandmark,dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.Whenyoutakeastrollorcycleon

themassivewall,youcanenjoyagoodviewofthecity,themoat（护城河）andthewatchtowers.

GiantWildGoosePagoda

TheGiantWildGoosePagodainChinawasbuiltduringtheTangDynastyasastudyplaceforBuddhisttexts.

Itstoredsutras（佛经）andsculpturesbroughtfromIndiabyMonkXuanZang,whotranslatedscripturesherefor19

years.SituatedinDaCi'enTemple,thepagoda'simpressivebrickstructurereflectstraditionalChinesearchitecture,

creatingasolemnandmagnificentatmosphere.

ShaanxiHistoryMuseum

TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumdisplays370,000relicsfoundinShaanxi,China,includingbronzeware（青铜

器），potteryfigures,goldandsilverware,andTangDynastymurals.18piecesarenationaltreasures.Xi'an,the

formercapital,hasmanyhistoricalsites.Themuseumisdividedintothreesections,exhibitingartifactsfrom

primitiveerastothelateQingDynasty.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了西安旅游景点。

1.Whichofthefollowingattractionswasbuiltasamilitarydefencesystem?

A.TheTerracottaArmy.

B.Xi'anAncientCityWall.

C.GiantWildGoosePagoda.

D.ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.

答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据XfanAncientCityWall部分中的"XfanAncientCityWallwasbuiltin

the14thcentury...asamilitarydefencesystem.”可知，西安古城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位

皇帝朱元璋修建，作为军事防御系统，也就是说西安古城墙是作为军事防御系统建造的。故选B。

2.WhatdotheTerracottaArmyandXi'anAncientCityWallhaveincommon?

A.Theywerebuiltatthesameperiod.

B.Theybothdividethecityintotwoareas.

C.Theywerebothbuiltbyemperors.

D.Theybothofferagoodviewofthecity.

答案与解析：C细节理解题。TheTerracottaArmy中讲到兵马俑由秦始皇于公元前3世纪建造；Xi'an

AncientCityWall中讲到西安古城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋修建。由此可

知，兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处是它们都是由皇帝组建的。故选C。A项“它们是在同一时期建造的“，

B项“它们都将城市分为两个区域”，C项“它们都是由皇帝组建的”,D项“它们都提供了城市的美景”。

3.WhatcanweknowabouttheGiantWildGoosePagoda?

A.ItwasbuiltduringtheTangDynasty.

B.ItwasbroughtfromIndiabyXuanZang.

C.ItwaswrittenintheBuddhisttexts.

D.Itwasusedasastudyplaceforgoose.

答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中的“TheGiantWildGoosePagodain

ChinawasbuiltduringtheTangDynasty”可知，中国的大雁塔建于唐代。故选A。

B

2024•合肥高三质检说明文290词★★☆☆☆

Greenlandholdsenoughicetoraiseglobalsealevelby7metersifitwerealltomelt(融化).Thesheet

currentlylosesaround270billiontonsoficeeachyear,andcontributestomorethan4millimeters*globalsealevel

riseannually-from2013to2022,theaverageannualglobalsealevelrisewas4.62millimeters.However,

Greenland*smassiveicesheet,whichismeltingbecauseofclimatechange,couldbesavedfromcompletemelting

evenifglobaltemperaturesrocketpastkeyinternationaltargets,astudysuggests.

Usingclimatemodelling,theresearchconcludesthatGreenland'smeltingwillaccelerateabruptlyifthe

averageglobaltemperaturecrossesathreshold（阈值）thatisnohigherthan2.3℃abovepre-industriallevels一and

couldbemuchlower.Thatthresholdmightbegettingquiteclose:theaveragetemperaturein2025islikelytohit

1.5℃abovepre-industriallevels.ButwedonotnecessarilytiptheGreenlandicesheetjustbecausewecrossthe

threshold.Eveniftemperaturesshootupby6℃ormoreabovepre-industriallevels,humanitywillbeableto

reducemuchofthaticelossifwarmingislimitedto1.5℃withinafewcenturies,thestudyshows.Itmeansthat

theicesheetcanbesaved.

ButNilsBochow,aclimatescientistatUiTTheArcticUniversityofNorwayandleadauthorofthestudy,and

othersarequicktonotethattakingactionagainstclimatechangenowwillbecheaperandeasierthantryingto

controlglobaltemperatureslater."It'saworthwhiletooltoexplorebecausewhatwehavedonesofarinterms

ofpolicyisnotenoughtobewithinthelimit,“saysBochow.

Theauthorsexaminetheeffectofaverageglobaltemperatureincreasesratherthantemperatureincreasesin

theArctic,whicharehappeningatleastthreetimesfasterthanthoseontherestoftheplanet.Andthestudy

assumesthatsocietywillsomehowworkoutawaytocutdowngreenhousegasemissions（排放）sharplyinthe

future,perhapsthroughcarbon-storagetechnology.Petrini,thecoauthorofthestudy,sayshedoesn*twantpeopleto

thinktheGreenlandicesheetisgoingtobefine.uThere'sachancetopreventsomeseriousconsequencesevenif

there*snopoliticalwillnow,“hesays."Butweshoulddoourbittodayratherthanlater.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于格陵兰岛冰原融化速率的最新研究。

4.WhatdowelearnabouttheGreenlandicesheet?

A.It'sdisappearingataconstantrate.

B.It*slostmorethanhalfofitsice.

C.Itcontributesmuchtothesealevelrise.

D.Ithasraisedglobalsealevelby7meters.

答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thesheetcurrently...contributestomorethan4

millimeters'globalsealevelriseannually-from2013to2022,theaverageannualglobalsealevelrisewas4.62

millimeters."可知，目前，格陵兰岛的冰盖每年损失约2700亿吨冰，导致全球海平面上升超过4毫米一

从2013年到2022年，平均每年海平面上升4.62毫米。由此可知，全球海平面上升受格陵兰岛冰盖融化影

响很大。故选C项。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tip"inParagraph2mean?

A.Overturn.B.Discount.

C.Preserve.D.Explore.

答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Eveniftemperaturesshootupby6℃ormoreabove

pre-industriallevels,humanitywillbeabletoreducemuchofthaticelossifwarmingislimitedto1.5℃

within…besaved.”可知，即使温度高于工业化前水平6℃或更多，如果升温在几个世纪内限制在1.5℃以内，

人类将能够减少大部分冰损失。这意味着冰盖可以被拯救。由此可知，画线词所在句表示超过阈值不一定

就会触发格陵兰岛冰盖的垮塌。tip意为“使倾倒，倾覆"，与overturn意思相近。此处考查tip的熟词生

义。故选A项。

6.HowdoesNilsBochowfindpresentpoliciesonclimatechange?

A.Theypushtheclimatetothelimit.

B.Theyhavenopracticaluse.

C.Theyaresuitableforclimatecontrol.

D.Theyneedfurtherimprovement.

答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段中的"It'saworthwhiletooltoexplorebecausewhatwehavedone

sofarintermsofpolicyisnotenoughtobewithinthelimit”可知，这是一个值得探索的方法，因为到目前为止，

我们在政策方面所做的还不足以把全球气温控制在合理范围内。由此可知，NilsBochow应是认为现行政策

还不够好，仍需要改善。故选D项。

7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.GlobalWarming:DestroyerofIceSheet

B.HowtoSaveGreenland*sMassiveIceSheet

C.ClimateModelling:HelperofScientists

D.HowGreenland*sMeltingAffectsOurPlanet

答案与解析：B主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们发现如果全球平均温度超过阈

值，格陵兰岛冰盖的融化会骤然加速，但即便如此，快速行动也可以稳定住它。B项“如何拯救格陵兰岛

的巨大冰盖”点明了主旨，作标题最佳。

II.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

[2023•新课标I卷]WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.

Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecond

language.Writingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthe

sinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.

So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:"BecauseIloveyour

stories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis."Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreed

togiveitatry.

IchosePaulRevere*shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith（专艮匠）inBostonwhorodeahorseat

nightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcome

straightfromthehorse*smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunlikelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.

Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?I

sympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeReveredhorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworked

hard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.Icheckedoutahalf-dozenbookson

PaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.

WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,“Great.Now,writeitagain.^^

Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytothe

enjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn'twin,Iwouldn'tcare.

注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；

2.请按如下格式作答。

Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.

Iwenttomyteachefsofficeaftertheawardpresentation.