2021届高考英语大一轮复习课时作业1Unit1Lifestyles含解析北师大版

课时作业1Ⅰ.阅读理解AThingstoDoonaSunnyDayinSanFranciscoSanFranciscodoesn'ttakeitssunnydaysforgranted.Oncethesuncomesoutandthetemperaturesrise,everyoneracestoseizeaspottotakeinanunbelievablecityvieworheadsforoneofhisorherfavoriteattractions.FindThrillsataThemeParkExperiencethrillridesandattractionsatSixFlagsDiscoveryKingdom,NorthAmerica'sonlythemeparkofwildlife,sealifeandthrillingrides.It'sawonderfulentertainmentexperienceforthewholefamily,withone­of­a­kindadventuresacrossthreeworlds.Cruise(乘船游览)ontheBaySailunderoneofthe“ModernWondersoftheWorld”.Watchsealionsandsealsatplay.AndlearnallthesecretsofthefantasticcitybytheBay.Forpeoplewholikethethrillofspeedandwindintheirhair,theseasonalRocketBoat(May—October)istheoption.TourIt'shometothefamousbaseballteamSanFranciscoGiantsfromApriltoOctobereveryyear,butyoucantakeatourinsideOracleParkanytimefora“player'seyeview”.You'llhaveaccesstothebaseballfield,thevisitors'clubhouse,thepressboxandsoon.RideaBikeOvertheGoldenGateExplorethebeautiful,bike­friendlystreetsandwaterfrontpathsofSanFranciscoallthewaytotheGoldenGate本文主要介绍了美国旧金山一些适合在晴朗天气游玩的景点，包括它们的游玩项目及特色等相关信息。1．WhatcantouristsdoatSixFlagsDiscoveryKingdom?A．Experiencethrillrides.B．LearnallthesecretsofSanFrancisco.C．Takeaplayer'seyeviewoverapark.D．AdmirethesceneryoftheGoldenGate答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据FindThrillsataThemePark部分中的“ExperiencethrillridesandattractionsatSixFlagsDiscoveryKingdom...”可知，在六旗探索王国可以体验惊险之旅。故选A项。2．Whicheventattractstouristslovingspeedandwindmost?A．FindThrillsataThemePark.B．CruiseontheBay.C．TourOraclePark.D．RideaBikeOvertheGoldenGate答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据CruiseontheBay部分中的“Forpeoplewholikethethrillofspeedandwindintheirhair...”可知，对于热爱速度与风的游客，CruiseontheBay这项活动会很有吸引力。故选B项。3．Whichofthefollowingofferstouristsafreemobileapp?A．Watchingwildlife.B．Sailingonthebay.C．Visitingabaseballfield.D．RentingabikefromBlazingSaddles.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据RideaBikeOvertheGoldenGateBridge部分中的“...withanall­daybikerentalfromBlazingSaddles.Theirlightbikes,combinedwiththeirnew,freemobileapp...”可知，从BlazingSaddles租自行车可以获得免费的移动应用程序。故选D项。BWhileanentiremonthfreeofhomeworkortestsmaysoundtoogoodtobetrue,thatisexactlywhatthestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolinBoden,Theschool'sprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea,said,“Weareconstantlyreceivingnewreportsthatourchildrenfeelbad.Andthat'sbecausetheyhaveahighlevelofstressallthetime.Thisisourwayoftryingtoreducethatstress.”Theeducatorsaysthatwhilebanninghomeworkandtestssoundsradical(激进的),itmakessensegiventhechangesincurriculumandapproachtoeducation.Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts,learningtodayisallaboutreflectionandanalysis.Asaresult,itisoftenharderforkids,especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome,tocomprehendthematerialbythemselves.Sirkkaisnottheonlyonewhobelievesafter­schoolworkdoesnothelpstudentslearn.InMarch2018,anotherprincipalinCanadaalsodecidedtodoawaywithhomework.Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.Whilethelong­termimpactoftherecentdecisionsmadebythetwoeducatorsremainstobeseen,theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessfulinFinland.TheNordiccountry,whichisattheforefrontofeducationreform,hasdoneawaywithhomework,grades,andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears.Yet,FinnishstudentsalwaysrankhighinthePISA(ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment)testsespeciallyinmathandsciencebuttheyhavetheleasthomework!Hopefully,itwillonlybeamatteroftimebeforeUSeducatorsfollowtheirleadandbanafter­schoolworkaswell!本文是一篇说明文。瑞典一所学校在四月份取消了学生的家庭作业和考试，这是该校校长PetronellaSirkka看到学生作业负担太重而提出的举措，且芬兰采取的类似做法已获成功。4．ThestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolhadnohomeworkinAprilbecause________.A．theheadmasterwasexperimentingwithherideaB．theyneededtodosomeexperimentsduringthemonthC．theywerebusypreparingforthenationalexaminationsD．theheadmasterhadtocarryoutthegovernment'spolicy答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Theschool'sprincipal,PetronellaSirkka,whocameupwiththeidea”，并结合第一段的内容可知，Sturenskolan学校的学生们在四月份没有家庭作业和考试是该校校长提出的想法，故A项正确。5．Whatmakeschildren'slearninghardnowadays?A．Childrenhavetodomoreanalyzing.B．Theapproachtoeducationiscomplex.C．Childrengetnosupportathomeandschool.D．Therearemanymorefactstomemorize.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在过去，学生主要是被要求记住事实，而如今学生需要的是反思和分析。因此，孩子们往往很难自己理解这些材料。据此可知，反思和分析让孩子们的学习更加困难。故A项正确。6．WhatdoesPetronellaSirkkamostlikelyadviseparentstodo?A．Helpchildrenwiththeirhomework.B．Freechildrenfromafter­schoolhousework.C．Spendmoretimereadingtotheirchildren.D．Communicatewithteachersfromtimetotime.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids”可推知，PetronellaSirkka很可能会建议父母花些时间为他们的孩子们阅读，故C项正确。7．WhatcanweinferaboutthestudentsinFinland?A．Theystudythehardestatschool.B．Theyhaveamorerelaxingschoollife.C．Theyenjoygreatsuccessaftergraduation.D．Theyallhaveatalentformathandscience.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第一句中的“theexperimenthasalreadyproved...andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears”可知，多年来，芬兰已经取消了家庭作业、成绩等级，甚至科目教学。据此可推知，芬兰学生的学校生活更加轻松，故B项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空IunderstoodChineseculturesonlyseenonTVandinbooksbutonlymadelittleheadwaylearningChinese.__1__，itdidnotmatter.Thepatience,generosityand__2__ofstrangersleftmepleasantlysurprisedwithBeijing.I__3__neededChinese.Onmybirthday,forexample,Iwas__4__inthecity.EveryoneIknewwasoutoftown,soIdecidedto__5__adayofitmyself.Iwentshopping.Afterthreehappyhours,Iwentconfidentlyuptothe__6__andforaminute,I__7__everyonespokeEnglish.Butafter__8__myitems,thewomanbehindthecounterspokeinChinese,andallIcoulddowasstare__9__.Ithoughtshewasaskingcashorcard,soIpulledoutsomenotes,butshe__10__herhead.Westoodthereforafewminutes__11__anothercashiersaid,“Acoupleofyour__12__arepartofthesaleandcannotbeexchangedor__13__oncebought.”Anotherday,IwenttothepolicestationasIhadlostmywalletina__14__land.Duringthat20­minutetalk,Irealizedtheeagernessand__15__ofpeople.SpeakinginamixofChineseandEnglish,theyoungpoliceofficerdidallhecouldtoputme__16__.Heknewthatasforeignerswewerenervousatthepolicestation,sohesmiledandspoke.Intheend,the__17__tookacoupleofhoursandthewalletdidnot__18__anymore.Ihadmadeafriend.Therearemany__19__andunforgettablememoriesofgettingbywithout__20__，butperhapswithoutthefriends'help,Beijingmaynothavebeensoeasytonavigate.本文为一篇记叙文。本文介绍了作者在汉语说不好的情况下也能在中国生活得很好，这都是因为周围有耐心的、慷慨的、热心的人帮助他。1．A.Lastly B．ThusC．Instead D．However答案：D解析：A项意为“最后”；B项意为“因此”；C项意为“代替”；D项意为“然而”。根据上文“IunderstoodChineseculturesonlyseenonTVandinbooksbutonlymadelittleheadwaylearningChinese.”和本句中的“itdidnotmatter”可知，作者只懂在电视和书本上看到的中国文化，但学习汉语却没有什么进展。然而，这没有关系，此处表示转折关系，应用however。2．A.warmth B．effortsC．sacrifice D．promise答案：A解析：A项意为“温暖”；B项意为“努力”；C项意为“牺牲”；D项意为“诺言”。根据上文中的“Thepatience,generosity”可知，陌生人的耐心、慷慨和热情让作者对北京感到惊喜。3．A.totally B．basicallyC．completely D．rarely答案：D解析：A项意为“完全地”；B项意为“基本地”；C项意为“完全地，彻底地”；D项意为“很少地，罕见地”。根据下文语境可知，作者很少需要汉语。4．A.still B．aloneC．only D．even答案：B解析：A项意为“仍然”；B项意为“独自”；C项意为“唯一，仅仅”；D项意为“甚至”。根据下文中的“EveryoneIknewwasoutoftown”可知，作者独自在城市里。5．A.do B．needC．make D．plan答案：C解析：A项意为“做”；B项意为“需要”；C项意为“使得”；D项意为“计划”。根据上文中的“EveryoneIknewwasoutoftown”可知，作者决定自己痛快地玩一天。makeadayofit意为“痛痛快快玩一天”。6．A.counter B．storeC．exit D．hall答案：A解析：A项意为“柜台”；B项意为“商店”；C项意为“出口”；D项意为“大厅”。根据下文中的“thewomanbehindthecounter”可知，作者自信地走到柜台那里。7．A.realized B．recognizedC．assumed D．guaranteed答案：C解析：A项意为“意识到”；B项意为“识别”；C项意为“假设，以为”；D项意为“保证”。根据下文中的“everyonespokeEnglish”及语境可知，作者以为每个人都说英语。8．A.examining B．showingupC．assessing D．ringingup答案：D解析：A项意为“检查”；B项意为“出现”；C项意为“评估”；D项意为“打电话，将(款项)输入现金出纳机”。根据下文语境可知，作者走到柜台处，将自己的物品扫码。9．A.helplessly B．poorlyC．quickly D．patiently答案：A解析：A项意为“无助地”；B项意为“贫乏地”；C项意为“迅速地”；D项意为“耐心地”。根据上文中的“thewomanbehindthecounterspokeinChinese”可知，作者无助地盯着她看。10．A.waved B．shookC．nodded D．hung答案：B解析：A项意为“挥动”；B项意为“摇晃”；C项意为“点头”；D项意为“悬挂”。根据上文中的“Ithoughtshewasaskingcashorcard,soIpulledoutsomenotes”及语境可知，作者以为柜员是在问现金还是信用卡结账，所以作者拿出些纸币，但是这个柜员摇摇头。11．A.after B．asC．until D．for答案：C解析：A项意为“在……之后”；B项意为“正如，因为”；C项意为“直到”；D项意为“为了……”。根据本句中的“Westoodforafewminutes________anothercashiersaid”可知，作者和柜员站在那里几分钟，直到另外一个柜员说话。12．A.purchases B．expensesC．supplies D．parcels答案：A解析：A项意为“所购物”；B项意为“费用”；C项意为“供应品”；D项意为“包裹”。根据下文中的“arepartofthesale”可知，第二个柜员说作者买的一些东西是减价商品，一旦买了就不退不换。13．A.accepted B．canceledC．broken D．returned答案：D解析：A项意为“接受”；B项意为“取消”；C项意为“打破”；D项意为“归还”