Unit5WorkingtheLandDiscoveringusefulstructures（分层训练）高二英语（人教版2019选择性）

Unit5WorkingtheLandPeriod2Discoveringusefulstructures培优层级1——基础多维巩固●Ⅰ单词拼写1．Goodnutritionis________(必要的)ifpatientsaretomakeaquickrecovery.2．Apartfromwhatyouhavementionedabove,doyouhaveany________(其他的)plan?3．Toreducepollutionandproducehealthyfood,somefarmershaveturnedto________(有机的)farming.4．Tomyamazement,hisopinionissimilartomineinmany________(方面).5．It________(消化)yourfoodandsendsvitaminsandmineralsintotheblood.6．Itisalwaysimportanttochooseenjoyable,________(有营养的)foods.7．Thereis________(广泛的)supportforthenewproposals.8．These________(化学物质)inthefoodsupplybuildupinpeople'sbodiesovertime.9．Itishightimethatweforbadesettingofffireworksin________(城镇的)areas.10．Justasthesayinggoes,“Nothingistobegotwithoutpainsbut________(贫穷).”●Ⅱ单句填空1．Thereweresomanycarsheldupbytheheavyrainthatwehadnoalternativebut________(wait).2．Itisessentialthathe________(get)somereliableinformationbeforemakinginferences.3．Astheeducatorputsit,________(expand)yourknowledgebyreadingmorebooksisawisechoice.4．________somescientistshavefoundisthattheirlong­termusecansometimesharmboththelandandpeople'shealth.5．Shedevotedherself________(entire)toherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.6．Organicfarmersalsousemanyother________(method)toproducerichsoil.7．Thegoalofusingdifferentorganicfarmingmethodsistogrowgoodfoodwhile________(avoid)damagetotheenvironmentortopeople'shealth.8．Lastyear,thenewelectricpowerplant________(generate)enoughenergytopowerthewholecity.9．We,as________(educate)stronglyopposeprotectingchildrentoomuch.10．Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththe________(deep)ofherknowledge.●ⅡI单句语法填空1．________weshouldhelpupafallenoldpersonornotremainsaheatedtopicinChina.2．________willbeinchargeofthepanyisamystery.3．________madeherhappywasthatshewonthefirstprizeinsuchanimportantmatch.4．________hewillspendhissummerholidayisuptohisparents.5．________YuanLongpinghadrealisedhisdreamofseawaterricesurprisedthewholeworld.6．________movedmemostinthisfilmwasthattheboygaveallhismoneytothehomeless.7．________hewillattendthemeetingornottomorrowdependsonhistimeschedule.8．Itisagreatpity________afamoushostdiedofcancerattheageoffifty.9．________peoplecutdowntoomanytreesdestroyedthebalanceofnature.10．________wecanfindasuitablesolutiontoproducesufficientfoodwhilekeepingtheenvironmentsafeisanimportanttopicforustoresearch.11．________worriesmostofusisthatthechemicalsmayevencausecancer.12．________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.13．Itissuggested________themeetingshouldbeputoffbecauseofthebadweather.14．________youneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.15．Ithasbeenproved________eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.●Ⅳ语法与写作1．她在会上所说的话对公司的发展非常重要。________________________________________________________________________tothedevelopmentofthepany.2．吃绿色蔬菜有助于增强体力，这一点已经得到证实。________________________________________________________________________buildingupstrength.3．你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。________________________________________________________________________4．很明显，班主任对考试结果很满意。Itisobvious________________________________________________________________________5．孩子们最需要的是爱而不是钱和玩具。________________________isloveratherthanmoneyandtoys.培优层级2——多维训练提能Ⅰ.阅读理解AToday,theworld'sdiversity(多样性)offoodcropsisquicklydecreasing.Butscientistsaroundtheworldaretakingaction.Theyarebuildingseedbanks.Atseedbanks,scientistsstoretheseedsofmanydifferentcrops.Therearenowabout1，400seedbanksaroundtheworld.However,somebanksareinwarmcountries.Iftheelectricityfails,theseedswillgettoohotanddie.Otherseedbanksareincountriestroubledbywar.Sometimespeopledamagetheseedbanks.Ifthishappens,valuableseedscanbelostforever!TheorganisationGlobalCropDiversityTrustwantedtodealwiththisproblem.So,theydecidedtobuildaglobalseedbank.Thisseedbankwouldcontainaback­up,orextracopy,ofalltheworld'sseeds.Smallerseedbankswouldstillcollectandkeeplocalseeds.Buttheywouldalsosendcopiesoftheirseedstotheglobalbank.ScientistsfromtheGlobalCropDiversityTrustchosethecold,snowymountainsofSvalbard,Norwaytobuildtheglobalseedbank—theSvalbardGlobalSeedVault(斯瓦尔巴全球种子库).Organisations,farmers,orlocalseedbanksstoretheirextraseedsthere.Andthepeoplewhoplacetheirseedsinthevaultaretheonlypeoplewhocantakethemout.TheypaytoshiptheirseedstoNorway,butitdoesnotcostthemanymoneytostoretheirseeds.TheGlobalCropDiversityTrustpaysforthis.CaryFowlerisascientistwhoheadstheGlobalCropDiversityTrust.Hesaid,“IftheSeedVaultsimplysuppliesseedbankswithcopiesofseedsthatthosebankslostbyaccident,theSeedVaultwillbeworthmorethanitcost.”1．Whatisthepurposeofbuildingtheseedbanks?A．Toresearchonseeds.B．Toproducenewseeds.C．Toprotectcropdiversity.D．Toincreasethenumberofseeds.2．paredwithotherseedbanks,whatistheadvantageoftheglobalseedbank?A．Itwasbuiltbythegovernment.B．Itismoreweledbyfarmers.C．Itismainlyusedbygreatscientists.D．Itcanprovideagoodenvironmentforseeds.3．WhatcanwelearnabouttheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault?A．Ithelpstopaytheshippingcost.B．Noonecantakeseedsoutofthere.C．Therearenofeestostoreseedsthere.D．Itmainlyreceivesseedsfromfarmers.4．WhatisCaryFowler'sattitudetowardstheSeedVault?A．Hefeelsitisveryimportant.B．Heissurprisedatit.C．Hethinksitcoststoomuch.D．Heisuncertainaboutit.BDuringmosttimeofthe1930s,theGreatPlainsregionwasdestroyedbydroughtandhighwinds.HowlingacrosstheGreatPlains,thesewindssweptupthesoiloftheover­farmedlandandcreatedserioussandstormsofdust.Theseblacksandstormsweresothickthatdaylightseemedmorelikedusk.Yearafteryearhavingpassedwithoutrain,thewindscontinuedtoblow,andthedustswirledendlessly.Duringthisterribleperiod,theregioncametobecalledtheDustBowl.Butthecausesofthesandstormsweren'tjustdroughtandwinds.Inastrangeway,patriotism(爱国主义)waspartlytoblame.DuringWorldWarⅠ，theUSgovernmentencouragedfarmerstosupportthewarbyplantingmorewheat.Asfarmersincreasedtheirproduction,theirownprofitsincreased.Followingtheinventionofthefarmtractor,farmersplowedupthousandsofacresofgrasslandandplantedwheat.Wheatproductionrosefast,butnaturesoonturnedsuccessintodisaster.Whenthedroughtbegan,farmersdidn'trealisethat,byplowingupthegrassland,theyhaddestroyedtheland'snaturalprotectionagainstsoilerosion(侵蚀).Asthedroughtcontinued,onepowerfulwindstormafteranotherblewacrosstheGreatPlains.Cropsdriedupandwereblownaway.Nothinggrewforyears.Eventuallymostoftherichtopsoil(表土层)wasblownaway.Asyearspassed,allthemoisture(水分)inthegrounddisappeared,leavingeventhedeeprootsoftreesindust.TheGreatPlainsbecameadesertedplace,asthousandsofpeoplefledtoCaliforniatoescapethedustandlookforwork.Mostfoundonlylow­payingagriculturaljobs.Buttherewerethosewhorefusedtoleave.Forthesefarmers,aprogrammeencouragedthemtomakeuseofnewwaysthatwouldprotecttheprecioustopsoilfromeroding.Butbringingthesoilbacktolifetooktime,andthefarmersstillneededrain.Rainmeantmoretothefarmersthaniteverhadbefore.Itmeantafuture.5．WhichofthefollowingisthemaincauseofturningtheGreatPlainsintotheDustBowl?A．Thelandwasover­farmed.B．Thehighwindsblewawaygoodsoil.C．Therewaslastingdroughtforyears.D．Thereweremanythickblacksandstorms.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“plowedup”inthesecondparagraphmean?A．Showupthegrasslandforfarming.B．Openupthegrasslandforfarming.C．Giveupthegrasslandforfarming.D．Giveoutthegrasslandtothefarmers.7．Howisthethirdparagraphmainlydeveloped?A．Bythetimeorder.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byexploringcausesandeffects.D．Byexplainingtheprocess.8．Whatismainlydiscussedinthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Measurestobetaken.B．Futureofthedestroyedregion.C．Resultsofthedisaster.D．People'sreactiontothedisaster.II.完形填空TheGloverkidsinNewburgh,NewYork,wanttomakealittleextramoneythemselvesbeforeschoolopens.So,earlierthisweek,theysetupalemonadestandonthesideoftheroad.__1__wasgoodduringtherushhour,atwhichpointsomepoliceofficerspulledup,and__2__WhitneyGlover,motheroftheyoungenterprisers,thatsome__3__personhadcalledtomakeplaintsaboutkids'sellinglemonade.Now,inmoststories,that'swhenthepolice__4__thestand,tellingkidstotakeafoodhandlingcourse,andgeta__5__fromtherelateddepartment.Thenthechildrengohomepletely__6__，fortheirenterpriseisbroken.Butnotinthis__7__.Thepoliceofficerssaidthekidsweren'tdoinganythingwrong,__8__creatingabitofatrafficjam,andtheirmotivationshouldbe__9__.Thekidsalsopromisedtomake__10__totheirscheduletoavoidtrafficproblems.After__11__foraphotowiththekids,theyleft.Whitneypostedthepictureonsocialmediawithexplanatorywords.The__12__storyhascreatedagreatdealoflocal__13__andthelemonadebusinessisnowbooming.Dozensofcustomershave__14__forlemonade.“Everysingletimeyoubuyaglass,childrenlookamazedbythe__15__oftimeandeffortstocoinsintheirhands，”Whitneysaid.,1．A.ProgressB．BusinessC．BudgetD．Purpose2．A.demandedB．proposedC．warnedD．informed3．A.bitterB．generousC．anxiousD．responsible4．A.takeoverB．leaveoutC．shutdownD．driveaway5．A.courseB．permitC．fundD．record6．A.surprisedB．frightenedC．depressedD．confused7．A.contextB．caseC．reasonD．respect8．A.otherthanB．insteadofC．asforD．dueto9．A.managedB．preventedC．celebratedD．reflected10．A.contributionsB．differencesC．objectionsD．adjustments11．A.posingB．accountingC．preparingD．searching12．A.refreshingB．movingC．amusingD．convincing13．A.apologyB．changeC．supportD．discussion14．A.stoodoutB．stoodbyC．stoppedoutD．stoppedby15．A.transformationB．devotionC．attachmentD．supplement答案解析Ⅰ.阅读理解【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。全球农作物多样化信托基金决定建立全球种子库，目的是解决粮食作物多样性减少的问题。1．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据首段可知，建立种子库是为了解决粮食作物多样性减少的问题。故选C。2．答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第二、第三段可知，世界上现有的种子库由于各种原因难以保存好种子。为解决这个问题，全球农作物多样化信托基金决定建立全球种子库，该种子库可以为种子提供更好的环境。故选D。3．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“TheypaytoshiptheirseedstoNorway,butitdoesnotcostthemanymoneytostoretheirseeds.TheGlobalCropDiversityTrustpaysforthis.”可知，在全球种子库保存种子是不需要付费的。故选C。4．答案与解析：A观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“IftheSeedVaultsimplysuppliesseedbankswithcopiesofseedsthatthosebankslostbyaccident,theSeedVaultwillbeworthmorethanitcost.”可知，凯瑞·福勒认为种子库很重要。故选A。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。20世纪30年代，美国大平原地区由于过度开垦而产生了一系列环境问题，使得这片曾经的沃土沦为一片荒地。5．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，过度开垦使大风卷走了土壤，形成了严重的沙尘暴，把大平原变成了“灰碗”。故选A。6．答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“thousandsofacresofgrasslandandplantedwheat”可知，随着农用拖拉机的发明，农民开垦了数千英亩的草地，种上了小麦，由此可知画线词是指“开垦草地来种小麦”。故选B。7．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知plowingupthegrassland→destroyedtheland'snaturalprotectionagainstsoilerosion(侵蚀)→Cropsdriedupandwereblownaway.为因果关系，因此本段是以探究原因和结果的方法展开的。故选C。8．答案与解析：C段落大意题。通读最后两段内容可知，最后两段分别从环境和人类生存两个方面介绍了美国大平原地区被过度开垦后所产生的一系列后果。故选C。完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境是“人与自我”。一群孩子摆摊卖柠檬水，有人举报，警察去了以后并没有责令孩子们撤掉摊位或者处罚他们，而是鼓励了他们的创业精神。1．答案与解析：B结合语境可知，在上下班高峰期生意(Business)不错。2．答案与解析：D根据下文中的“t