职称英语理工类a级模拟7

职称英语理工类A级模拟7

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给

的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>TheFBIselectedoutpossibletraitorsoutoftheorganization.

A.screenedB.screamed

C.separatedD.sheltered

2、Theprofessorssuggestthattheessenceofprinciplednegotiationistoseparate

thepersonfromtheproblemandonfocusoninterests,andnottoposition.

A.abstractB.core

C.subtractD.idea

3、Designersgenerallyhavetheareaconstructedsothatthewastegoesoutin

stages.

A.setoutB.setup

C.setbackD.seton

4、WedonotrecognizethealLcomprehensiveeffectsofacenteroneveryaspect

ofourlife.

A.extensiveB.encompassing

C.spreadingD.encountering

5、ItcouldeasilytakeayearfortravelerstoreachSt.Petersburgfrom

thePacificshoresofthekingdom.

A.areaB.region

C.realmD.arena

6、InRussiatoday,theyoungerpeopleareadaptingfarmorereadilytothe

turmoiloftheemergingmarketsystem.

A.changeB.chorus

C.chaosD.chores

7、Onthistrip,Frankmadeacoordinatedefforttogetalongwiththepress.

A.sedateB.concerted

C.concreteD.seclusive

8、Thedentisthadtoremovetwoteethbecausetheyweredecaying.

A.goingbadB.destroying

C.goingtopiecesD.rotten

9、Iwasgoingtospeaktoanoldfriendacrosstheroom,butsheignoredme.

A.regrettedB.withoutregardto

C.tooknonoticeofD.neglected

10、Aspokeswomanforthecompanypromisedthattheywouldinvestigateour

complaint.

A.speakerB.lecturer

C.actressD.representative

11>I'dliketoreportatheft：someonehasstolenmybicycle.

A.criminalB.robbery

C.protectionD.stealing

12>WeinJapankeepaneyeoutforourself-interest.

A.lookatB.lookup

C.lookbackD,lookout

13>Whilehewasinprison,hisguardsdeprivedhimofallluxuries.

A.gavehimB.tookaway

C.carriedhimawayD.tookout

14、ImaginemydismaywhenIgothometofindthatmyapartmenthadbeenbroken

into.

A.sadnessB.anger

C.pleasureD.impatience

15、Anoldmanstoodoutsidethecinemarattlingatinandaskingformoney.

A.hiringB.shaking

C.slammingD.bouncing

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如

果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该

句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。

IntheUnitedStates,theneedtoprotectplantandanimalspecieshas

becomeahighlycontroversialandsharplypoliticalissuesincethepassage

oftheEndangeredSpeciesActin1973.Theactzdesignedtoprotectspecies,

livingareas,andpoliciesthatpreservelandandforestscompetewitheconomic

interests.Inthe1990's,forexample,thewoodcuttersintheWesternUnited

Stateswerechallengedlegallyintheirattempttocuttreesfortimberin

theCascadeMountains.Thechallengewasmountedtoprotecttheendangered

spottedowl（猫头鹰），whoseremainingpopulationoccupiestheseforestsand

requirestheintact,ancientforestforsurvival.Theproblematicsituation

settheinterestsofenvironmentalistsagainstthoseofcorporationsandof

individualswhostoodtolosejobs.Aftermonthsofdebateandlegalbattles,

thefateofthewoodcutters—andtheowls—wasstillundecidedinmid-1992.

Similartensionsexistbetweenthedevelopedandthedevelopingnations.

Manypeopleinindustrializednations,forexample,believethatdeveloping

nationsintropicalregionsshoulddomoretoprotecttheirrainforestsand

othernaturalareas.Butthedevelopingcountriesmaybe

impoverished（使穷困），withpopulationsgrowingsorapidlythatusingtheland

isameanstotemporarilyavoidworseningpovertyandstarvation.

ManyofthechangestoEarththatconcernscientistshavethepotential

torobtheplanetofitsbiologicalrichness.ThedestructionofEarth1s

ozonelayer（臭氧层）,forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessof

impoverishmentbyallowingultra-violetraystoharmplantsandanimals.And

globalwarmingcouldwipeoutspeciesunabletoquicklyadapttochanging

climates.Clearly,protectingwillcomeonlythroughcoordinatedinternational

effortstocontrolhumanpopu1ation,stabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphere,

andpreserveintactEarth*scomplexweboflife.

16>Theprotectionofendangeredspeciesisahighlycontroversialissuebecause

itaffectstheinterestsofcertaingroupsofpeople.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Accordingtothepassage,thepreservationofrainforestsshouldtake

priorityoverthecontrolofhumanpopulation.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Cuttingtreestogrowmorefoodmayhamperadevelopingcountryinits

fightagainstpoverty.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

1

19、Amonghumanityscurrentproblemszthechiefconcernofthescientists

isthereductionofbiologicaldiversity.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Theexplosionofthehumanpopulationwillwidenthegapbetweenthedeveloped

andthedevelopingcountries.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Cuttingtreestogrowmorefoodisalong-termrelieftothefoodproblem.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Theauthor*spurposeinwritingthispassageistopointoutthathumanity's

currentproblemscanonlybesolvedthroughthecooperationofnations.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为

规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；⑵第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确

选项，分别完成每个句子。

1.ThefirstanybodyknewaboutDutchmanFrankSiegmundandhisfamily

waswhenworkmentrampingthroughafieldfoundanarrowsteelchimneyprotruding

throughthegrass.Closerinspectionrevealedachinkofsky-lightwindow

amongthethistles,andwhenamazedinvestigatorsmoveddownthesideofthe

hilltheycameacrossapinedoorcompletewithleadeddiamondglassanda

brassknockersetintoanundergroundbuilding.TheSiegmundshadmanaged

toliveundetectedforsixyearsoutsidethebordertownofBreda,inHolland.

Theyarethelatestinaclutchofindividualistichomemakerswhohaveburrowed

undergroundinsearchoftranquility.

2.Most,failingfoulofstrictbuildingregulationszhavebeenforced

todismantletheirindividualistichomesandreturntomoreconventional

lifestyles.Butsubterraneansuburbia,Dutchstylezisabouttobecome

respectableandchic.Sevenluxuryhomescossetedawayinsideahigh

earth-coverednoiseembankmentnexttothemainTilburgcityroadrecently

wentonthemarketfor$296,500each.Thefoundationshadyettobedug,

butcustomersqueueduptobuytheunusualpart-submergedhouseszwhoseback

wallconsistsofagrassymoundandwhosefrontisalongglassgallery.

3.TheDutcharenottheonlywould-bemoles.GrowingnumbersofEuropeans

areburrowingbelowgroundtocreatehouseszoffices,discosandshopping

malls.Itisalreadyprovingawayoflifeinextremeclimates；inwinter

monthsinMontreal,Canada,forinstance,citizenscanescapethecoldin

anundergroundcomplexcompletewithshopsandevenhealthclinics.InTokyo

buildersareplanningamassiveundergroundcitytobebeguninthenextdecade,

andundergroundshoppingmallsarealreadycommoninJapan,where90percent

ofthepopulationissqueezedinto20percentofthelandspace.

4.Buildingbigcommercialbuildingsundergroundcanbeawaytoavid

disfiguringrthreateningabeautifulor*environ-mentallysensitive,

landscape.Indeedmanyofthebuildingswhichconsumemostland--suchas

cinemaszsupermarketsztheatres,warehousesorlibraries-havenoneedto

beonthesurfacesincetheydonotneedwindows.

5.Therearebigadvantages,too,whenitcomestoprivatehomes.A

developrrientof194houseswhichwouldtakeup14hectaresoflandabove

groundwouldoccupy2.7hectaresbelowit,whilethenumberofroadswould

behalved.Underseveralmetresofearth,noiseisminimalandinsulation

isexcellent.*Weget40to50enquiriesaweek,*saysPeterCarpenter,secretary

oftheBritishEarthShelteringAssociation,whichbuildssimilarhomesin

Britain.*peopleseethisasawayofbuildingforthefuture.*Anunderground

dwellerhimselfzCarpenterhasneverpaidaheatingbill,thankstosolar

panelsandnaturalinsulation.

6.InEurope,theobstaclehasbeenconservativelocalauthoritiesand

developerswhoprefertoensurequicksaleswithconventiona1mass-produced

housing.ButtheDutchdevelopmentwasgreetedwithundisguisedreliefby

SouthLimburgplannersbecauseofHolland'schronicshortageofland.Itwas

theTilburgarchitectJoHurkmanswhohitontheideaofmakinguseofnoise

embankmentsonmainroads.Histwo-floored,four-bedroomedztwo-bathroomed

detachedhomesarenowtakingshape.*Theyarenotsomuchbelowtheearth

1

asinit,hesays.'Allthelightwillcomethroughtheglassfrontzwhich

runsfromthesecondfloorceilingtotheground.Areaswhichdonotneed

muchnaturallightingareattheback.Thelivingaccommodationistothe

frontsonobodynoticesthatthebackisdark.,

23、Paragraph3

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26>Paragraph6

A.AnUndergroundHomeIsDiscovered

B.SomeBuildingsDoNotRequireNaturalLight

C.ADesignerDescribesHisHouses

D.HomesSoldBeforeCompletion

E.DemandsonSpaceandEnergyAreReduced

F.DevelopingUndergroundServicesAroundtheWorld

27、DutchmanFrankSiegmundandhisfamily

28、Manydevelopersprefermass-producedhousesbecause

29、TheDutchdevelopmentwaswelcomedby

30>Hurkmans1housesarebuiltinto.

A.theysellmorequickly

B.wereknownfortheirundergroundhome

C.theplansforfuturehomes

D.noiseembankment

E.anaturalenvironment

F.SouthLimbergPlanners

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短

文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

弟扁

AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreaching,

thesurprisingthingabutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthan

aman,butthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothave

muchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.But.

todaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperience,followanargument,

askproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhat

puzzlingconversations.

Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecomplex,theimitationgets

better.Finally,thelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.

Inanother15yearsorso,wewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife.

Theopinionseemsridiculousbecause,foronething,computerslackthe

drivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedinto

thecomputer1sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrains

asapartoftheequipmentforsurvival.

Computersmatchpeopleinsomeroles,andwhenfastdecisionsareneeded

inacrisisztheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflife

wasslower,thehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbing

severalstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.

Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup.

Wearestillincontrol,butthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasing

atafantasticrate,whilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowly,ifat

all.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.

Inthe1990szwhenthesixthgenerationappears,thereasoningpowerofan

intelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain.

Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.

Judgingbythepast,wecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofman,

surpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.

Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthenewspeciesmust

beman*sflesh-anti-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeis

morelikelytobemadeofsilicon.

31>WhatdoyousupposewastheattitudeofDr.SamuelJohnsontowardsladies

preaching?

A.Hebelievedthatladieswerebornworsepreachersthanman.

B.Hewaspleasedthatladiescouldpreach,thoughnotaswellasmen.

C.Hedisapprovedofladiespreaching.

D.Heencouragedladiestopreach.

32、Today,computersarestillinferiortomanintermsof.

A.decisionmakingB.drivesandfeelings

C.growthofreasoningpowerD.informationabsorption

33、Intermsofmakingdecisions,thehumanbraincannotbecomparedwith

thecomputerbecause_______.

A.inthelongprocessofevolution,theslowpaceoflifedidn11require

suchanabilityofthehumanbrain

B.thehumanbrainisinfluencedbyotherfactorssuchasmotivation

andemotion

C.thehumanbrainmaysometimesfreezeupinadangeroussituation

D.computersimitatelifewhilethehumanbraindoesnotimitatecomputers

34、Thoughhethinkshighlyofthedevelopmentofcomputerscience,theauthor

doesn*tmeanthat_______.

A.computersarelikelytobecomeanewformofintelligentlife

B.humanbeingshavelostcontrolofcomputers

C.theintelligenceofcomputerswilleventuallysurpassthatofhuman

beings

D.theevolutionofintelligencewillprobablydependonthatofelectronic

brains

35、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Futuremanwillbemadeofsiliconinsteadoffleshandblood.

B.Somedayitwillbedifficulttotellacomputerfromaman.

C.Thereasoningpowerofcomputershasalreadysurpassedthatofman.

D.Futureintelligentlifemaynotnecessarilybemadeoforganicmatter.

年一局

Asinthefieldofspacetravel,soinunderseaexplorationnewtechnologies

continuetoappear.Theyshareanumberofsimilaritieswitheachother—

aswellassomeimportantdifferences.

Mannedsubmersibles(潜水器),likespaceshipszmustmaintainliving

conditionsinanunnaturalenvironment.Butwhileaspaceshipmustsimply

besealedagainstthevacuumofspace,asubmersiblemustbeabletobear

extremepressureifitisnottobreakupindeepwater.

Inexploringspace,unmannedvehicleswereemployedbeforeastronauts.

Inunderseaexploration,ontheotherhand,menpavedtheway,onlyrecently

haveunmannedremote-operatedvehicles(ROVs)beenputtouse.

Onereasonforthisisthatcommunicatingwithvehiclesinorbitismuch

easierthantalkingtotheseunderwater.Avacuumamidealmediumforradio

communications,butunderwatercommunicationsarelimitedtomuchslowersound

waves.Thuszmostunderseavehicles—particularlyROVs—operateattheend

oflongropes.

Forasimilarreason,knowingwhereyouareunderseaismuchmoredifficult

thaninspace.Aspaceship1spositioncanbelocatedbyfollowingitsradio

signalzorbyusingtelescopesandradar.Foranunderseavehicle,however,

aspecialnetworkofsonar(声纳)mustbelaidoutinadvanceontheocean1

floorintheareaofadivetolocatethevehicle*sposition.

Thoughunderseaexplorationismorechallengingthanouterspaceinanumber

ofrespects,ithasadistinctadvantage：Goingtotheoceandepthsdoesn*t

requirethepowernecessarytoescapeEarth1sgravity.Thus,itremainsfar

lessexpensive.

36、Peopledidnotbegintouseunmannedvehiclesinunderseaexploration

untilrecentlybecauseof_______.

A.thecommunicationproblemB.theoceandepths

C.themovementofwavesD.theproblemofvacuum

37、By"morechallenging"(Para.6),theauthormeans.

A.moreinterestingB.moredemanding

C.moreattractiveD.more1dangerous

38、Oceanexplorationisnotsoexpensiveasspacetravelmainlybecause.

A.itisnotaffectedEarth1sgravity

B.mostunderseavehiclesoperateattheendoflongropes

C.ROVshavebeenputtouse

D.thereisnoneedforsubmersiblestogetawayfromEarth1sgravity

39、Thesonardevicesmustbeplaced.

A.fromtimetotime

B.aftertheunderseavehicledives

C.atthetimewhentheunderseavehicleisdiving

D.beforetheunderseavehicledives

40、WhichofthefollowingisNOTMENTIONEDinthepassage?

A.Newtechniquesarecontinuallydevelopedandnewmachinesinvented

forunderseaexploration.

B.Ifnotwellbuilt,asubmersibleismostlikelytogetcrushedin

deepwater.

C.Asubmersible,whenmannedlooksverymuchlikeaspaceship.

D.Incertainrespectsunderseaexplorationisoftenfacedwiththesame

problemasspacetravelis.

第三篇

Therearesomeearthphenomenayoucancounton,butthemagneticfield,

somesay,isnotoneofthem.Itfluctuatesinstrength,driftsfromitsaxisz

andeveryfew100z000yearsundergoesadramaticpolarityreversal—aperiod

whennorthpolebecomessouthpoleandsouthpolebecomesnorthpole.But

howisthefieldgenerated,andwhyisitsounstable?

GroundbreakingresearchbytwoFrenchgeophysicistspromisestoshed

somelightonthemystery.Using80metresofdeepseasediment（沉淀物）core,

theyhaveobtainedmeasurementsofmagnetic-fieldintensitythatspan11

polarityreversalsandfourmillionyears.Theanalysisrevealsthatintensity

appearstofluctuatewithaclear,well-definedrhythm.Althoughthestrength

ofthemagneticfieldvariesirregularlyduringtheshorttern,thereseems

tobeaninevitablelong-termdeclineprecedingeachpolarityreversal.When

thepolesflip—aprocessthattakesseveralhundredthousandyears--themagnetic

fieldrapidlyregainsitsstrengthandthecycleisrepeated.

Theresultshavecausedastiramonggeophysicists.Themagneticfield

isthoughttooriginatefrommolten（熔化的）ironintheoutercore,3,000

kilometersbeneaththeearth1ssurface.Bystudyingmineralgrainsfound

inmaterialrangingfromrockstoclayarticles,previousresearchershave

alreadybeenabletoidentifyreversalsdatingback170millionyears,including

themostrecentswitch730,000yearsage.Howandwhytheyoccur,however,

hasbeenwidelydebated.Severaltheorieslinkpolarityflipstoexternal

disasterssuchasmeteor（陨星）impacts.ButPeterOlson,ageophysicistat

theJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,saysthisisunlikelyiftheFrench

researchersareright.Infact,Olsonsaysintensitythatpredictablydeclines

fromonereversaltothenestcontradicts90percentofthemodelscurrently

understudy.Iftheresultsprovetobevalidgeophysicistswillhaveanew

theorytoguidethemintheirquesttounderstandtheearth1sinnerphysics.

Itcertainlypointsthedirectionforfutureresearch.

41、Whichofthefollowingtitlesismostappropriatetothe