2013年湖北省考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2013年湖北省考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.ReadingComprehension2.Cloze3.English-ChineseTranslation4.Chinese-EnglishTranslation5.WritingReadingComprehensionThenewdocumentaryBullyispowerfulstuff.Trytogetthroughevenjusttheopeningsequencewithouttearingup.Hopefullyitwillwakeupparents,teachers,andschooladministrators.Butlet’salsohopetheyrespondthoughtfullytothisburningfilm,becausetooofteninourrushtoaddressaproblem,Americaneducatorsandpoliticianshaveawell-intentionedoverreactionthatminimizescommonsenseinfavorofblanketsolutions.ManyschoolsintheUnitedStatesaregenuinelytryingtocurbchild-on-childabuseand,atlonglast,arepayingmoreattentiontothecruel,unpleasantremarks.Butatthesametime,wehavetorememberthatnoteveryunpleasant,orevenadverse,interactionbetweenstudentsconstitutesbullying.Insomeplaces,anti-bullyingpoliciesarenowsoexpansivethattheymakeeye-rollingapunishableoffense,lumpingitinwithotherformsofverbalandphysicalassault.Doingsonotonlytakesaseriousissuetotherealmoftheabsurd,italsodilutestheimportanceofanti-bullyingeffortsingeneral.Ifeverythingisbullying,thennothingis.Somekidshavealreadyfiguredouthowtoturnthenewsystemonitshead.Insomeschools’zealtoaddressbullying,everyclaimisimmediatelyelevatedbeyondtheclassroomteachertoameetingwiththeprincipal.AparentinCaliforniasaidthatlastmonththatanelementary-schoolbullybeganthreateningtoreporthervictimsasbulliessotheywouldhavetosufferthroughsuchameeting—andineffectcreatingabullyinghallofmirrors.We’vebeenherebefore.Weaponsanddrugsinschoolsareaseriousproblem,too.Inresponse,schooldistricts,states,andthefederalgovernmentbegantofavorzero-tolerancepolicies.Inshortorder,“zero-tolerance”policiesbecamethejokingpointforlate-nightcomicsaskidsweresuspendedforbringingtoschoolaspirin,acnemedicine,oraG.I.Joedollwithasmallplasticgun.Theobviouslessonthereandwithbullyingisthatthereisnosubstitutefordiscretionandjudgmentbytheadultsincharge.Insomecircumstances,eye-rollingcouldbeabusivebehaviorjustasaspirincanbeusedorabused.Butadultsshouldn’tgiveupthehardroleofmakingnuancedjudgmentcallsbycreatingridiculouslyrigiddisciplinecodes.Replacingthoughtlessinactionwiththoughtlessactionwon’tsolvetheproblem.1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeople’sreactiontobullying?A．Theywakeupthoughtfully.B．Theydemonstratelittlecommonsense.C．Theyattachimportancetothefilm.D．Theygotoofar.正确答案：D解析：就人们对恶霸行为的反应而言，作者说了些什么?他们太过火了。根据第一段最后一句，美国的教育家和政治家有一种善意的过度反应，过度反应极度轻视有利于整体解决方案的常识。2．Whatisthestrategyofthekidsindealingwithanti-bullyingpolicies?A．Toassaulttheprincipalatthemeeting.B．Toturntheclassroomintoawallofmirrors.C．Topayattentiontokids’verbalremarks.D．Torenderthemineffectivebyabusingbullying.正确答案：D解析：孩子们对付反恶霸行为的策略是什么?滥用恶霸行为，使哪些政策失效。根据第三段，一些孩子已想出办法如何颠覆这种新制度。一些学校处理恶霸行为的热情高涨，每一次告状都会升级，不通过随堂教师就与校长见面。加利福尼亚的一位家长说，上个月，一个念小学的恶霸威胁说，要把她的受害者说成是恶霸，也要他们在与校长的会面中吃苦头，实际上形成了欺负他人却似乎被人欺负的局面。3．The“zero-tolerance”policiestowardsdrugsandweaponsendedupbeing______.A．elevatedB．suspendedC．ridiculedD．condemned正确答案：C解析：就毒品和武器采取的“零容忍”政策以受到嘲笑而告终。根据第四段后半段，孩子们由于把阿司匹林、治疗青春痘的药物或手持小型塑料枪的特种部队玩偶带到学校而受到休学的处理，因此，“零容忍”政策立刻成为夜间滑稽演员的笑料。4．Theword“there”inthefirstlineofthelastparagraphrefersto______.A．witheye-rollingandpunishableoffensesB．withverbalandphysicalassautC．withaspirinandacnemedicineD．withdrugsandweapons正确答案：D解析：最后一段第一行中的there是指withdrugsandweapons。前三段讲述学校中的恶霸行为(bullying)，第四段提到了毒品和武器。两种问题是学校中并存的问题，所以，可以推断，there是指withdrugsandweapons。Ourstomachscanoftenbeamysterytousandmanyofusdon’trealizejusthowmuchthefoodweeatcanimpactonourmoodandmentalwell-being.AccordingtocharityAllergyUK,ashocking45%ofussufferswithfoodanddrinkintolerances,beverage—thisiscalledfoodintolerance.Foodintoleranceisamuchmorecommonproblemthanfoodallergyandoneofthemostharmfulsymptomscanbelowmood.1in4peopleintheUKwillsufferproblemswiththeirmoodormentalhealtheveryyear,withanti-depressantprescriptionsincreasingbyover40%inthelast5years.RecentresearchfromYorkTestLaboratories,leadingexpertsinfoodintolerancetesting,hasfoundthat97%oftheircustomersreportedproblemsrelatingtomoodasasignificantsymptomoftheirfoodintolerance,ofwhich73%feltthattheirmoodhadsignificantlyimprovedafteralteringtheirdietstoremovefoodstowhichtheyreacted.Inaddition,inarecentpaperpublishedintheJournalofNutritionandFoodSciences,over81%Ofpatientsreportedasignificantimprovementinmoodandmentalwell-beingasadirectconsequenceofapplyingthedietarychangesrecommendedbyYorkTest.Sohowisitthatthefoodweeatcanhavesuchasignificantimpactonourmood?Bidirectionalconnectionsbetweenthegutandthebrainarecomplexandareregulatedinthebodyinthreedifferentways:throughnerves,hormonesandtheimmunesystem.Thegutmediatesthebody’simmuneresponse;atleast70percentofourimmunesystemissituatedinthegutandisusedtoexpelandkillforeigninvaders.Ourgutcontainssome100millionneurons(nervecells),morethanineitherthespinalcordortheperipheralnervoussystem.Alloftheseneuronsliningourdigestivesystemdomuchmorethanmerelyhandledigestionorcauseoccasionalnerveusfeelings.Ourgutpartlydeterminesourmentalstateandplayskeyrolesincertaindiseasesthroughoutthebody.Manypeoplewillnotbeawarethat90%ofserotonin(血清素),thebrain’s“happyhormone”isproducedinthegut—itisforthesereasonsthatthegutisoftenreferredtoasthe’secondbrain’.Inaddition,researchhasshownthatdepressionisfrequentlyassociatedwithgastrointestinal(肠胃的)inflammation—acommonsymptomoffoodintolerance.Bytacklingunidentifiedfoodintolerances,notonlywillphysicalsymptomsbenefit,butmentalhealthsymptomscanoftenshowsignificantimprovement.Thereareanumberofwaystoidentifypotentiallymoodsuppressingfoodintolerances.OnethatIrecommendisscientificallyvalidatedandwellresearchedisYorkTest.ItsfoodanddrinkintolerancetestcalledFood&DrinkScancanuncoverpotentialfoodanddrinktriggers,allowingpeopletosimplymodifytheirdietswithlifechanginghealthbenefits.5．Theover40%increaseofanti-depressantprescriptionsinthelast5yearsintheUKwasattributedto______.A．foodintoleranceB．foreigninvadersC．foodallergyD．foodtriggers正确答案：A解析：过去五年抗抑郁药方增加了40%以上是由于食物耐受不良。根据第三段，食物耐受不良比食物过敏更常见，其有害症状之一是情绪低落。英国每年四分之一的人患精神病，在过去的五年里抗抑郁药方增加了40%以上。6．WhichisNOToneofthereasonswhythegutisoftenreferredtoasthe“secondbrain”?A．Ourgutcontainsmorenervecellsthaninthespinalcord.B．Theneuronsinthegutcontributesolelytoeffectivedigestion.C．90%ofthebrain’s“happyhormone”isproducedinthegut.D．Certaindiseasesresultfromourdigestivesystem.正确答案：B解析：以下哪种陈述不是肠子被称为“第二大脑”的原因?A、C和D都在第八段中提及。B(Theneuronsinthegutcontributesolelytoeffectivedigestion．意为“肠子中的神经细胞仅对有效消化吸收起作用。”)跟文中陈述“Alloftheseneuronsliningourdigestivesystemdomuchmorethanmerelyhandledigestionorcauseoccasionalnervousfindings．”相矛盾。7．Whatfrequentlyhasacausalconnectionwithdepression?A．Apsychiatricdisorder.B．Bidirectionaltreatment.C．Gastrointestinalinflammation.D．Unidentifiedphysicalproblems.正确答案：C解析：什么经常跟抑郁症有因果联系?肠胃炎。第九段第一句指出，此外，研究表明：抑郁症经常与肠胃炎联系在一起，这是食物耐受不良的症状之一。8．Whatisthepurposeinone’stakingYorkTest?A．Tovalidatethescientificresearch.B．Todetectthesourceoffoodintolerance.C．Toinventamodificationoflifestyle.D．Toprescribeanti-depressantdrugs.正确答案：B解析：参加约克试验的目的是什么?发现食物耐受不良的根源。根据最后一段最后一句，饮食耐受不良测试被称为饮食扫描，它能发现饮食耐受不良潜在的诱因。Theplantoallowthereadingpublictorente-books,muchastheyrentmovies,hasprovedsomuchmorecontentiousthanitspioneer,theformerWaterstonesmanagingdirectorTimCoates,hadhoped.ThatpublishersareverycautiousoftheideaofhisnewBilbarye-rentalventure,whichlaunchedthisweek,isperhapsnotentirelysurprising:althoughthee-rentalsautomaticallydeletethemselveswhentheborrowingtimeexpires,theyfeartheschememightharmsales.Lesscontroversial,however,isMrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.Hundredsofthenation’s4,000publiclibrariesareatrisk;andcampaigners’attemptstopersuadecourtsandcouncilstokeepthemopenarelargelyfailing.Closinglibrariesisinevitable,theargumentgoes,inanerawhentwooutofthreeBritishhomeshaveacomputer.Butthatisfarfromthewholestory.While200millionbooksaresoldeveryyear,morethan310millionareborrowed.Theone-in-threehomeswithoutacomputerarethoseofthenation’spoorerchildren,manyofwhomlivewithoutevenatableatwhichtheycandotheirhomework.ItiswithonlythemildestexaggerationthatAlanBennett,theplaywrightandcampaigner,describestheclosureoflibrariesasanactof“childabuse”.Tosome,theword“library”conjuresonlynegativeassociations,anirrelevantanachronisminanincreasinglydigitalworld.Butagoodlibraryisfarmorethanjustaplacetostorebooks.Itisagatewaytoknowledge,aplacewellabletoadapttothecomputerageandindoingsosupportthecuriosity,studyandresearchofnewgenerations.Thereare,ofcourse,somelibrariesthatareunfitforpurpose.Butthosethatusedigitaltechnologiesasanaide,ratherthantreattherr.asathreat,morethanholdtruetotheircorepurpose.Andthosethathavemadetheleapareseeingvisitornumbersrise,notfall.Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.WecanonlyhopethatMr.Coates’supportcanhelpmanyofthemtodoso.9．TheargumentabouttheclosingoflibrariesstemsfromA．thefallofsaleofbooksB．theadventofdigitaltechnologiesC．thegovernmentbudgetcutD．theworldeconomicrecession正确答案：C解析：有关关闭图书馆的争论源于政府的预算削减。根据第三段第一句，然而，毫无争议的是，科茨慷慨承诺把比尔巴里的收益捐献给开放受政府预算削减威胁的图书馆。10．Theword“anachronism”inPara.5mightmeanA．chronologicalerrorB．phonologicalerrorC．etymologicalerrorD．historicalerror正确答案：A解析：第五段中的anachronism也许指“年代学错误”。B意为“音位学错误”，C意为“词源错误”，D意为“历史错误”。根据上下文推测，digitalworld(数字世界)跟chronologicalerror(年代学错误)有关。11．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Somepeoplebelievethatlibrariesareoutofdateindigitalage.B．IntheUK,oneoutofthreehomesdon’thavecomputers.C．Itisinevitablethatdigitallibrarieswillreplacetheexistinglibraries.D．Somelibrariesneedintroducingdigitaltechnologiesasanaid.正确答案：C解析：根据短文，以下哪个句子不正确?数字图书馆会取代目前的图书馆是必然的趋势。文章最后一段倒数第二句说，英国的图书馆不必关闭，但它们也许需要变化。答案C的内容刚好跟这句内容相反。12．Theauthor’sattitudetowardclosinglibrariescanbedescribedasA．positiveB．negativeC．indifferentD．neutral正确答案：D解析：作者对关闭图书馆的态度是中立的态度。根据作者的观点，英国的图书馆不必关闭，但需要变化，体现了作者的中立态度。MichaelYessis,anemeritusprofessorofSportsScienceatCaliforniaStateUniversity,maintainsthat“geneticsonlydeterminesaboutonethirdofwhatanathletecando.Butwiththerighttrainingwecangomuchfurtherwiththatonethirdthanwe’vebeengoing.“YessisbelievesthatU.S.runners,despitetheirimpressiveachievements,are“runningontheirgenetics”.Byapplyingmorescientificmethods,“they’regoingtogomuchfaster”.Thesemethodsincludestrengthtrainingaswellasplyometrics,atechniquepioneeredintheformerSovietUnion.Whereasmostexercisesaredesignedtobuildupstrengthorendurance,plyometricsfocusesonincreasingpower—therateatwhichanathletecanexpendenergy.Nutritionisanotherareathatsportstrainershavefailedtoaddressadequately.“Manyathletesarenotgettingthebestnutrition,eventhroughsupplements,“Yessisinsists.Eachactivityhasitsownnutritionalneeds.Fewcoaches,forinstance,understandhowdeficienciesintracemineralscanleadtoinjuries.Focusedtrainingwillalsoplayaroleinenablingrecordstobebroken.“IfweappliedtheRussiantrainingmodeltosomeoftheoutstandingrunnerswehaveinthiscountry,“Yessisasserts,“theywouldbebreakingrecordsleftandright.“Oneofthemostimportantnewmethodologiesisbiomechanics,thestudyofthebodyinmotion.Abiomechanicfilmsanathleteinactionandthendigitizeshisperformance,recordingthemotionofeveryjointandlimbinthreedimensions.ByapplyingNewton’slawstothesemotions,“wecansaythatthisathlete’srunisnotfastenough;thatthisoneisnotusinghisarmsstronglyenoughduringtake-off,“saysDapena,whousesthesemethodstohelphighjumpers.Todate,however,biomechanicshasmadeonlyasmalldifferencetoathleticperformance.Revolutionaryideasstillcomefromtheathletesthemselves.Forexample,duringthe1968OlympicsinMexicoCity,arelativelyunknownhighjumpernamedDickFosburywonthegoldbygoingoverthebarbackwards,incompletecontradictionofallthereceivedhigh-jumpingwisdom,amoveinstantlydubbedtheFosburyflop.Fosburyhimselfdidnotknowwhathewasdoing.Thatunderstandingtookthelateranalysisofbiomechanicsspecialists,whoputtheirmindstocomprehendingsomethingthatwastoocomplexandunorthodoxevertohavebeeninventedthroughtheirownmathematicalsimulations.Fosburyalsorequiredanotherelementthatliesbehindmanyimprovementsinathleticperformance:aninnovationinathleticequipment.Intheend,mostpeoplewhoexaminehumanperformancearehumbledbytheresourcefulnessofathletesandthepowersofthehumanbody.“Onceyoustudyathletics,youlearnthatit’savexingcomplexissue,“saysJohnS.Raglin,asportspsychologistatIndianaUniversity.“Coreperformanceisnotasimpleormundanethingofhigher,faster,longer.Somanyvariablesenterintotheequation,andourunderstandinginmanycasesisfundamental.We’vegotalongwaytogo,“Fortheforeseeablefuture,recordswillbemadetobebroken.13．Whatisthecontributionofplyometrics?A．Speedinguptherateofathletes’metabolism.B．Makingclearspecificationsofphysicalexercises.C．PerfectingthetechniquepioneeredinbreakingrecordsD．Helpingrunnersdevelopstrengthandendurance.正确答案：D解析：增强式训练有什么促进作用?加快运动员新陈代谢的速度。第一段最后一句说，尽管设计大多数体操以积蓄力量和耐力，但增加式训练着重提高生理机能，即运动员消耗体能的速度。14．Thepurposeofemployingbiomechanicsfilmsisto______.A．providematerialsforsportsfilmshootingB．highlightareasforimprovementinathletesC．assessthefitnesslevelsofpotentialathletesD．skimoffpromisingathletesthroughanalysis正确答案：B解析：使用生物力学影片的目的是突出运动员某些有待改善之处。从第四段可以看出，生物机械将运动中的运动员拍成电影，然后将他的成绩数字化，从三个维度记录每个关节和四肢的运动。达佩纳说，把牛顿的几个定律用到这几种运动中去，我们就可以说这名运动员的跑步不够快，起跑的时候双臂用力不够。15．Asregardsthestudyofathletics,JohnS.Raglinbelievesthatitis______.A．fundamentalB．challengingC．complicatedD．theoretical正确答案：C解析：就体育运动研究而言，约翰·S·拉格林认为，它极其复杂。根据最后一段第二句，约翰·S·拉格林说，你一旦研究体育运动，你就会了解到它是一个令人烦恼的复杂问题。16．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．InventionoftheFosburyFlop.B．ExplorationofAthleticPerformance.C．Effectofnutritionandtraining.D．Importanceofgenetics.正确答案：B解析：以下哪个选项是本文的最佳标题?对体育运动成绩的探讨。其他三个选项均是文中细节，不适合用作本文的标题。Whenthepressreleasearrivedinourinboxes,weknewwhatwouldhappennext.ANobellaureatehadstatedthatantioxidantsupplements“mayhavecausedmorecancersthantheyhaveprevented.“Eventhemostfad-friendlysectionsoftheUKmediawereboundtocoverthestory.Inreality,ProfessorJamesWatsonwasonlyrestatingwhatweatCancerResearchUKhavebeenpointingoutforyears.Largestudieshaverepeatedlyshownthat,withthepossibleexceptionofvitaminD,antioxidantsupplementshavenegligiblepositiveeffectonhealthypeople,atleastintermsofimportantthingssuchaspreventingpeoplegettingcancerordyingprematurely.Andsomesupplements—notablyvitaminsA,Eandbeta-carotene—evenseemtoslightlyraisetheriskofdiseaseandearlydeath.It’satopicweatCancerResearchUKcomebacktoagainandagainonourscienceblogandonoursocialmediapages.Buthugeswatchesofthepublicremainconvincedthat“antioxidant”isabywordfor“healthy.“What’ssointerestingabouttheantioxidantmythisitswiderculturalandsocialdimension.Whyisthisperceptionsohardtoshift?Andisthereanythingwecandoaboutit?Onepossiblereasonforourfirmattitudesisthewidespreaduseoftheword“antioxidants”inadvertsproclaimingthehealthbenefitsofvariousfoodsanddrinks.Thisisn’tforwantofregulation,andtheAdvertisingStandardsAuthorityhaverepeatedlyupheldcomplaintsaboutadvertsthatmakeunsupportedclaimsaboutantioxidants’benefits.Butthemuchweakerclaimthataproductmerely“containshighlevelsofantioxidants”leaveshealthclaimsimplicit,andkeepsregulatorsatbay.Abrandof“super-broccoli”—launchedwithmuchapublicspectacleinlate2011—wasbredtocontainhighlevelsofachemicalthatultimately,accordingtotheproduct’swebsite,“boostsourbody’sAntioxidantEnzymelevels.“Sogoodit’scapitalized.Sotherelentlessdrip-dripofhealthproductadvertising—particularlyagainstabackgroundofcontinualreportsofBritain’sill-health—makesourtrenchantholdontheantioxidantsmythallthemoreunderstandable.Weneedthisstuff,we’retold.Butthere’sprobablyadeeperreasonforourcollectiverefusaltoswallowthebitterpillofscientificevidence.Theactual,proventhingsthatcanreduceourrisksofcancer,heartdisease,diabetes—andalltheotherchronicnastiesthatcomewithanageingpopulation—aresomewhatmoreuninteresting.Don’tsmoke.Stayinshape.Eatabalanceddiet.Limitalcoholintake.Keepactive.Thisishardwork.Andastheresolution-fillednewyearkicksin,theexcitingprospectofahealthierlifeisreplacedbytherealizationthatbeinghealthyisalong-termproject.Poppingapillinsteadofgoingtothegymisatemptingprospectformanyofus.Confirmatorybiasisapowerfulthing.ButtheUKpopulationisageing,andlikelytoplaceagreaterburdenontheNHSinfuture.Weoweittoourselves,andthosewillbepayingforourcare,tomakesurewe’reashealthyaspossibleforaslongaspossible.Puttingourfaithinaword,andapill—howevercomfortingitmaysound—todothisforusisamirageandafallacy.Antioxidantsdonotprolongourlivesnorpreventcancer,despitewhatwewanttobelieve.17．ThereferencetoaNobellaureate’scommentonantioxidantsupplementsisto______.A．introduceatopicB．reinforceanargumentC．enrichthedescriptionD．confirmahypothesis正确答案：A解析：作者提及诺贝尔奖获得者评论抗氧化剂补给品，意在引出一个话题。第一段实质上是一个开场白。18．Whatdoestheauthorsaythatleadstopeople’sstrongbeliefinantioxidants?A．Thelackofregulation.B．Thewidespreadinseminationofmedicalknowledge.C．The“super-broccoli”story.D．Theoverwhelminghealthproductcommercials.正确答案：D解析：作者说是什么导致人们对抗氧化剂有很强的信念?无法抗拒的保健产品广告。根据第四段最后一句，公众当中有大部分人依然深信，抗氧化剂是健康的代名词。又根据第六段第一句，我们坚信抗氧化剂，一个可能的原因是广告中广泛使用“抗氧化剂”一词，公开赞扬各种食品和饮品在保健方面的益处。19．Itcanbeconcludedthatpeople’scollectivebeliefinantioxidantsisNOTbasedon______.A．deeply-rootedculturalperceptionB．thecontinualreportsofBritain’sillhealthC．theexistingprovenknowledgeD．confirmatorybiases正确答案：C解析：可以得出这样的结论：人们对抗氧化剂的信念不是基于目前已被证实的知识。从第九段可以看出，人们普遍拒绝服下科学依据这颗苦药，一些已被证实的科学依据有点枯燥无味，尽管这些依据能够降低癌症、心脏病、糖尿病以及与老龄人口相伴而生的其他慢性病的风险。20．Whatistheauthor’sopinionoftakingantioxidantsupplements?A．Keepingfitmeansbuildingamirage.B．Antioxidantsprovideapromisingfutureprospect.C．Keepingfitinvolvesmorethantakingantioxidants.D．Antioxidantscanhelpstopageing.正确答案：C解析：作者对服用抗氧化剂的补给品有什么看法?保持健康不仅仅需要服用抗氧化剂补给品。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句，对于我们许多人来说，服药而不上体育馆是一种颇具诱惑力的期盼。作者暗示，要想保持健康，服药和锻炼身体同等重要。ClozeTheEconomistIntelligenceUnit(EIU)earnestlyattemptstomeasurewhichcountrywillprovidethebestopportunitiesforahealthy,safeandprosperouslifeintheyearsahead.Itsquality-of-lifeindex【C1】______theresultsofsubjectivelife-satisfactionsurveys—howhappypeoplesaytheyare—to【C2】______determinantsofthequalityoflifeacrosscountries.Beingrichhelpsmorethan【C3】______else,butitisnotallthat【C4】______;thingslikecrime,trustinpublicinstitutionsandthehealthoffamilylifemattertoo.【C5】______,theindextakes11statisticallysignificantindicatorsinto【C6】______Theyareamixedbunch:someare【C7】______factors,suchasgeography;otherschangeonlyveryslowly【C8】______time;andsomefactorsdependonpoliciesandthestateoftheworld【C9】______Despitetheglobaleconomiccrisis,timeshaveincertainrespects【C10】______beensogood.Outputgrowthrateshavebeen【C11】______acrosstheworld,butincomelevelsareatornear【C12】______highs.Lifeexpectancycontinuesto【C13】______steadilyandpoliticalfreedomshavespreadacrossthe【C14】______Inotherways,however,thecrisishas【C15】______adeepimprintonunemploymentandpersonal【C16】______Aftercrunchingitsnumbers,theEIUhasSwitzerlandcomfortablyinthetopspot,withAustraliasecond.Smalleconomies【C17】______thetopten,halfofwhichareEuropean.TheNordiccountriesshine,【C18】______thecrisis-riddensouthofEurope(Greece,PortugalandSpain)lagsbehind.The【C19】______Europeaneconomies(Germany,FranceandBritain)donotdoparticularlywell.America【C20】______backin16thplace.Despitetheireconomicdynamism,noneoftheBRICcountries(Brazil,Russia,IndiaandChina)scoresimpressively.Amongthe80countriescovered,Nigeriacomeslast:itistheworstplaceforababytoentertheworldin2013.21．【C1】A．relegatesB．addsC．abdicatesD．links正确答案：D解析：(links联系)。句意为：人们说他们很高兴，经济学家智囊团的生活质量指数把主观的生活满意度调查结果同一些国家客观的生活质量决定因素联系在一起。link…to意为“把……联系在一起”。22．【C2】A．prejudicedB．objectiiveC．fairD．neutral正确答案：B解析：(objective客观的)。23．【C3】A．anythingB．somethingC．nothingD．everything正确答案：A解析：(anything任何事情)。句意为：富有比任何其他事情都有帮助，但并不是那么重要。24．【C4】A．countsB．imploresC．diminishedD．wavers正确答案：A解析：(counts重要)。25．【C5】A．InturnB．InretrospectC．InallD．Inprogress正确答案：C解析：(Inall总共)。句意为：指数总共考虑了11种具有统计学意义的指标。26．【C6】A．calculationB．accountC．implementationD．discount正确答案：B解析：(account考虑)。takesthintoaccount意为“考虑某事”。27．【C7】A．settledB．fixedC．controlledD．weighted正确答案：B解析：(fixed固定不变的)。根据反义关系，应填fixed，因为后面有一个change(变化)。28．【C8】A．onB．inC．forD．over正确答案：D解析：(over经过一段时间)。overtime意为“随着时间”或“经过一段时间”。29．【C9】A．atmosphereB．environmentC．economyD．wellbeing正确答案：C解析：(economy经济)。全文的主题是经济，再说下文的globaleconomiccrisis也暗示的作用。30．【C10】A．neverB．alreadyC．everD．yet正确答案：A解析：(never从未)。句意为：尽管全球经济危机，就某些方面而言，时机从来没有这么好。31．【C11】A．acceleratingB．decliningC．recoveringD．withdrawing正确答案：B解析：(declining下降)。句意为：全世界产量的增长率一直在下降，但收入水平已达到或接近具有历史意义的高度。32．【C12】A．classicB．histrionicC．cubicD．historic正确答案：B解析：(historic具有历史意义的)。33．【C13】A．increaseB．expandC．thriveD．expend正确答案：A解析：(increase增加，提高)。句意为：预期寿命继续稳步提高，政治自由气氛在全球蔓延开来。34．【C14】A．spaceB．countryC．globeD．continent正确答案：C解析：(globe地球)。acrosstheglobe意为“全球”。35．【C15】A．madeB．engravedC．createdD．left正确答案：D解析：(left留下)。句意为：然而，从某种意义上讲，这场危机给失业保障和个人保障留下了很深的印记。36．【C16】A．securityB．identityC．invectiveD．scourge正确答案：A解析：(security保障)。37．【C17】A．stipulateB．distributeC．refuteD．dominate正确答案：D解析：(dominate控制)。一些小型经济组织控制前十名经济组织，其中有一半是欧洲经济组织。38．【C18】A．whereasB．untilC．whereD．unless正确答案：A解析：(whereas而)。句意为：北欧的一些国家显得出众，而充满危机的南欧，如希腊、葡萄牙和西班牙，显得落后。whereas相当于while表示转折对比，但前者更为正式。39．【C19】A．highestB．largestC．greatestD．richest正确答案：B解析：(largest最大的)。句意为：最大的欧洲经济组织德国、法国和英国没有上佳表现。上文的small起暗示作用，所以此处应填largest。40．【C20】A．recedesB．trailsC．languishesD．twists正确答案：D解析：(twists蜿蜒，曲折)。句意为：美国在第十六名前后徘徊。English-ChineseTranslationTheUKhaslongprideditselfonitsroadsafetystandards.Casualtyfiguresarelowcomparedwithmostotherindustrializedcountries.Butthispositiverecord,coupledwiththefactthattheinternationaltrendcontinuesdownwards,isalsowhythefirstincreaseinroaddeathsforalmostadecadeshouldbeacauseforconcern.Abreakdownofthe2010—11figuresshowswherethatconcerncouldmostusefullybedirected.Deathsamongdriversandpassengerswereup6percent,withruralroadsaccountingformoreoftherisethanurbanareas,andadisproportionatenumberoffatalaccidentsinvolvingdriversunder24.Therelativelyhighaccidentrateonruralroadshasbroughtcallsforanewspeedlimitincountryareasof40mph.Thatisworthconsidering.Therearemanyroadswherethelackofalimitimplicitlyallowsdriverstotravelat60mph,evenwheretheconditionsshoulddictateotherwise.【T1】Argumentsabouttheexpenseofnewsignscouldbemetbytheintroductionofablanketlimitonminorroads.Enforcementwould,ofcourse,bedifficult.Butthesettingofanewnormwouldattheveryleastalertdriverstothedangersandfostergreatercaution.Thenumberoffatalaccidentsinvolvingyoungerdrivers—itshouldreallybenosurprisethatroadaccidentsarethemaincauseofdeathamongyoungadults—shouldraisequestionsonceagainabouttherigorofthedrivingtest.Considerationmightalsobegiventowhether,perhaps,thelegaldrivingageshouldberaised.Thedownside,however,wouldalsohavetobeweighed.【T2】Agemaybelessofafactorinaccidentsthaninexperience,andanyriseintheageatwhichsomeonemayobtainalicensecouldpenalizethoselivinginareaswithpoorpublictransportandencouragemoreteenagerstodriveillegally.Themoststartlingaspectofthesestatistics,though,isthe12percentriseindeathsamongpedestrians.Manyreasonscouldbeadvanced,notallofthemrelatedtoworsebehavioronthepartofdrivers.Atleastsomeoftheincreasecouldbeattributabletotechnology,andthedistractionsofmobiledevicesandheadphones.Thedangerthatlurkswhenpedestriansareinsufficientlyawareoftheirsurroundingsshouldbespeltoutmoreloudlyandmoreoften.Thereisanothereasyconclusion,too,thatisbeing—butshouldnotbedrawnfromthegeneralriseinfatalities.Callscanalreadybeheard,fromMPsandothers,fortheGovernmenttoshelveitsplanforahigher,80mphspeedlimitonmotorways,oratleasttoputittoaCommonsvote.Motorways,though,accountforrelativelyfewUKroaddeaths;ruralroadsaremanytimesmoredangerous.【T3】Concentratingonimprovementstothesesecondaryroads,andonpedestrianawar