2021-2022学年甘肃省庆阳市第六中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题解析版

2021-2022学年甘肃省庆阳市第六中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019TFKPoetryContest(比赛；竞赛)Callallpoets!TimeforKidshasachallengeforyou:writeafunny,rhymingpoem.Itmustbeanoriginalpoemthatdoesnotcopyanotherpoet’swork.EntertheTimeforKidsPoetryContest!Asfewerandfewerchildrenareinterestedinwritingpoetryoftheirown,TimeforKidsdecidestoorganizeandsponsorsuchacontesttochangethesituation.ContestRules1.HowtoenterThiscontestbeginsat12:01a.m.onMarch6,2019andendsat11:59p.m.onJuly24,2019.Toenter,mailthefollowinginformationto1271AvenueoftheAmericas,32ndFloor,NewYork,(a)anoriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedpoemthatishumorousandhasarhymescheme;(b)entrants’firstnameonlyandaparent’smailaddress.Limitoneentryperperson.Whenentering,entrantspromisethattheentryisoriginal,andhasnotbeenpublishedinanymediumandhasnotwonanaward.2.JudgingAllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria(标准):creativityandoriginality(50%),useoflanguageandrhyme(25%)andappropriatenesstothethemeofthecontest(25%).Thelengthoftheentrywillnotbetakenintoconsideration.3.PrizesOurjudgeswillselectfoursemi-finalists(参加半决赛的选手)fromwhichonegrandprizewinnerandthreefinalistswillbechosen.TheonegrandprizewinnerwillreceiveanonlineclassvisitfromChildren’sPoetLaureateKennNesbittandasignedcopyofhisnewestbookofpoetry,TheArmpitofDoom:FunnyPoemsforKids,approximatelyvalueat$275.ThethreefinalistswilleachgetasignedcopyofNesbitt’snewestbookofpoetry.TheArmpitofDoom:FunnyPoemsforKids,andboththeirpoemsandthatofthegrandprizewinnerwillbepublishedat.4.Eligibility(参赛资格)Opentolegalcitizensofthe50UnitedStatesandtheDistrictofColumbiawhoareprimaryschoolstudentsandare8to13yearsoldattimeofentry.5.Winner’slistFornamesofthewinnerandfinalists,visit(afterAugust1,2019,availableforaperiodof10days).1.Thepurposeofthecontestisto_______.A.encouragechildrentolearnfromotherpoetsB.helpchildrenrealizethedreamofpoetrywritingC.encouragechildren’sinterestinpoetrywritingD.encouragechildrentoreadmoreoriginalpoems2.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsofapoemisvaluedmostinjudging?A.Beingcreativeandoriginal.B.Usingapropernumberofwords.C.Usingproperlanguageandrhyme.D.Beingappropriatetothecontesttheme.3.Accordingtothecontestrules,_______.A.poemscanbesenttotheorganizersbye-mailB.allthechildrenhavetherighttotakepartinthecontestC.thenumberofoneentrant’spoemstoenterthecontestisnotlimitedD.theresultofthecontestwillbeunknownbeforeAugust1,2019【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了2019TFK诗歌大赛的基本情况以及详细的比赛制度，包括其参赛方法，评判标准，奖项设置，参赛资格以及如何或者获奖名单等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾内容“Asfewerandfewerchildrenareinterestedinwritingpoetryoftheirown,TimeforKidsdecidestoorganizeandsponsorsuchacontesttochangethesituation.(随着越来越少的孩子对自己写诗感兴趣，《儿童时代》决定组织和赞助这样一场比赛来改变这种状况。)”可知，这样一场比赛是为了改变这种“越来越少的孩子对写诗感兴趣”的状况，即，比赛的目的是鼓励儿童对诗歌创作的兴趣。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“ContestRules(竞赛规则)”部分内容“AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:creativityandoriginality(50%),useoflanguageandrhyme(25%)andappropriatenesstothethemeofthecontest(25%).(所有参赛作品将由诗人肯恩·奈斯比特根据以下标准进行评判：创造力和独创性（50%）、语言和韵律的使用（25%）以及与比赛主题的恰当性（25%）。)”可知，在评判标准中创造力和独创性占比50%，占比最大，因此可知，诗歌富有创意和原创性最受重视。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Winner’slist(获奖名单)”部分内容“Fornamesofthewinnerandfinalists,visit(afterAugust1,2019,availableforaperiodof10days).(有关获胜者和入围者的姓名，请访问（2019年8月1日后，有效期为10天）。)”可知，获奖者和入围者名单会在8月1日之后在网站公布，即，8月1日之前无法获知。故选D项。BNewYork,London,Parisandotherbigcitiesareexcitingplacestolivein.Therearemanyinterestingthingstoseeandtodo.Youcangotodifferentkindsofmuseums,playsandfilms.Youcanalsogoshoppingtobuythingsfromallovertheworld.Butthereareseriousproblemsinbigcitiestoo.Thecostoflivingishigh,andtherearetoomanypeopleinsomeofbigcities.Everyyearmanypeoplemovetothecitiesbecausetherearesomechancestofindjobs,tostudyatgoodschools,andtoreceivegoodmedicalcare.Butsometimesthesepeoplecannotfindworkoragoodplacetolivein.Also,toomanypeopleinasmallspacemakeithardtokeepthecitiessafeandclean.Somepeopleenjoylivinginbigcities.Othersdonot.Beforepeoplemovetobigcities,theyshouldthinkabouttheproblemsoflivingthere.4.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Bigcities B.NewYork,London,andParisC.ExcitingPlacestolivein D.SeriousProblemsinBigCities5.Inbigcitiespeoplecan________.A.gotodifferentkindsofmuseums B.seeallkindsofplaysandfilmsC.buythingsfromallovertheworld D.A，B，andC6Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Bigcitiesarenotsafeandcleanenough.B.Peoplecaneasilyfindagoodplacetoliveinabigcity.C.Livinginabigcitydoesn'tcostalot.D.Allpeopleliketoliveinbigcities.7.Inthispassagethewriteradvisespeople________.A.tomovetoabigcityB.nottomovetoabigcityC.nottomovetoabigcitywithoutthinkingabouttheproblemsthereD.nottothinktoomuchabouttheproblemsbeforetheymovetoabigcity【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要讲了像纽约、伦敦、巴黎这样的大城市，既有很多优点，如：有很多娱乐场所和购物的地方，也存在很多严重的大问题，如：生活成本高、人口多、就业问题等。因此，当人们搬到大城市时应该考虑城市生活的问题。【4题详解】主旨大意题。首先根据第一段“NewYork,London,Parisandotherbigcitiesareexcitingplacestolivein.Therearemanyinterestingthingstoseeandtodo”纽约、伦敦、巴黎和其他大城市都是令人兴奋的居住地。有许多有趣的事情要看和做。第一段表明了大城市的优点。第二段“Butthereareseriousproblemsinbigcitiestoo.”但是大城市也有一些严重的问题。第二段表明了大城市也有缺点。文章围绕大城市的优缺点展开，所以本文主要是讲大城市，故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Youcangotodifferentkindsofmuseums,playsandfilms.Youcanalsogoshoppingtobuythingsfromallovertheworld.”你可以看不同种类的博物馆、戏剧和电影。你也可以去购物，买来自世界各地的东西。可知，在大城市你可以去博物馆，看戏剧，也可以去购物，所以ABC都提到了，故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Also,toomanypeopleinasmallspacemakeithardtokeepthecitiessafeandclean.”此外，太多的人在一个小空间使它难以保持城市的安全和清洁。可知，大城市不够安全和整洁。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beforepeoplemovetobigcities,theyshouldthinkabouttheproblemsoflivingthere.”在人们搬到大城市之前，他们应该考虑住在那里的问题。可知，作者建议人们去大城市前先考虑一下大城市存在的问题，故选C项。CAttimesweallgetangrywhenwearedriving.Itmightbebecausewearestuckinatrafficjamorstuckbehindaveryslowdriver.Itmightbebecausewethinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.Whateverthereason,itseemsthatgettingangryinacarissomethingwhichhappensmoreandmoreoftenandthereisnowaspecialtermforit“roadrage”.Someexpertseventhinkthatroadrageisakindofmentalillness!Howcanwerecognizethis“illness”ofroadrage?Therearetwokindsofroadrage:aggressivedrivingandaggressivereactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Aggressivedrivingcantakedifferentforms:●Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.●Increasingyourspeedveryquickly.●Drivingveryclosebehindthecarinfrontandsoundingthehornorflashingtheheadlights.●Changinglanesverysuddenlyandblockinganothercar.●Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanothercaristryingtopark.Therearealsodifferentreactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Theseinclude.●Makingrudesignsatpeople.●Shoutingatpeopleandthreateningthem.●Deliberatelydrivingintoanotherperson’scar.●Hittingsomebody.●Usingaweaponsuchasabaseballbat,orevenagunoraknife.Roadrageiscertainlynotajoke.Therehavebeenincidentsofroadragewhichhaveledtoseriousinjuriesandevenmurder.Expertsthinkthatonereasonforroadrageisthatfilmsshowalotofexamplesoffastandaggressivedrivingsuchascarchaseswherethiskindofdrivingseemstobepositive.Expertsalsothinkthatthepunishmentsfordangerousdrivingarenotseriousenough.Experienceshowsthatdrivingproblemscanbecontrolled,butittakesalongtime.IntheUKinthelast30years,thepolicehavebeenquitesuccessfulinreducingthenumberofpeoplewhodrinkanddrive.Theyarenowworkingtostoppeopleusingmobilephoneswhentheyaredriving.Let’shopetheycanhavethesamesuccesswiththeroadrage.8Whydopeoplegetangrywhendriving?A.Theyarestuckinatrafficjam.B.Theyarestuckbehindaveryslowdriver.C.Theythinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.D.Alloftheabove.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOTdescribeaggressivedriving?A.Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.B.Changinglanesverysuddenlyandblockinganothercar.C.Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanothercaristryingtopark.D.Drinkinganddriving10.Roadragehappenspossiblybecause______.A.thedriversaredrunk B.thepunishmentsarenotseriousenoughC.we’reinafast-changingsociety D.itwon’tcauseseriousinjuriesordeath11.What’sthetoneofthelastparagraph?A.Sad B.Optimistic C.Cold D.Exciting【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“路怒症”的概念、表现形式和起因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Attimesweallgetangrywhenwearedriving.Itmightbebecausewearestuckinatrafficjamorstuckbehindaveryslowdriver.Itmightbebecausewethinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.(有时我们在开车的时候都会生气。这可能是因为我们被堵在了交通堵塞中，或者被困在一个开得很慢的司机后面。这可能是因为我们认为另一个司机做了非常愚蠢和危险的事情)”可知，人们开车时会生气是因为他们被困在交通堵塞中、被困在一个开得很慢的司机后面以及他们认为另一个司机做了非常愚蠢和危险的事情。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“●Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.(驾驶速度远远超过限速)；●Changinglanesverysuddenlyandblockinganothercar.(突然改变车道并挡住另一辆车)；●Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanothercaristryingtopark.(进入另一辆车要停的停车位)”可知，酒后驾车不是攻击性驾驶。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Expertsalsothinkthatthepunishmentsfordangerousdrivingarenotseriousenough.(专家也认为对危险驾驶的处罚不够严重)”可知，路怒症的发生可能是因为处罚还不够严重。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Experienceshowsthatdrivingproblemscanbecontrolled,butittakesalongtime.IntheUKinthelast30years,thepolicehavebeenquitesuccessfulinreducingthenumberofpeoplewhodrinkanddrive.Theyarenowworkingtostoppeopleusingmobilephoneswhentheyaredriving.Let’shopetheycanhavethesamesuccesswiththeroadrage.(经验表明，驾驶问题是可以控制的，但需要很长时间。在过去的30年里，英国警察在减少酒后驾车人数方面做得相当成功。他们现在正在努力阻止人们开车时使用手机。希望他们在解决路怒症方面也能取得同样的成功)”可推测，最后一段的基调是乐观的。故选B。DLandArt(地景艺术),sometimesreferredtoasEarthArtorEarthworks,isaformofartwhichinvolvesusingphysicallandscapes(实景)tocreateart,takingartoutofthemuseumandintotheoutsideworld.ModernLandArtmovementreallygotgoinginthe1960swhenAmericanartistsbegancreatingLandArtonalargescale.Today,worksofmodernLandArtcanbeseenallovertheworld,sometimesrightalongsidemucholderpiecesofLandArtcreatedbypeoplewholivedthousandsofyearsago.LandArt,whichisnotnecessarilyunchangeable,cantakeanumberofforms.Forexample,in1970RobertSmithson,agreatcreativeartist,createdtheSpiralJetty(螺旋状防波堤),madeofacollectionofstonesandmud,intheGreatSaltLake.TheAmericanartistmadealargejettyinaspiralshapewhichsticksoutintothewatersofthelake.ReshapingthelandscapeisacommoncharacteristicofLandArt,whichcanbecreatedbymovingpartsaround.PeoplecanalsoaddthingstotheenvironmenttocreateLandArt,likesalt,whichisaddedtotheSpiralJetty.Itispossibletouseplants.Inallcases,LandArtisimmovable.LandArtisdesignedtograduallyform,change,andeventuallydecay(衰落).That'soneofthebiggestdifferencesbetweenLandArtandmostoftheartoneseesinthemuseums.Someworksofartcanexistonlyforafewhoursordays.Othersareexposedtorainandwindsothattheydevelopanddecayovertime,whichispartoftheattractivenessintheeyesoftheartists.12.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirstparagraph?A.LandArtwasthemostpopularartinthe1960s.B.LandArtaimstogetpeopleinterestedinnature.C.AmericanartistswerethefirsttocreateLandArt.D.PeoplehavebeencreatingLandArtforthousandsofyears.13.WhatdoweknowaboutRobertSmithson?A.Heisagreatcreativeartist.B.HelivesneartheGreatSaltLake.C.HemadethemostfamousLandArt.D.HewasapioneerincreatingLandArt.14.OneofthebiggestdifferencesofLandArtliesin________.A.showingtheextremebeautyofnatureB.developinganddecayinggraduallyC.combiningthelandscapesaroundD.offeringtheartistsachancetoget15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.WorksofLandArt. B.HistoryofLandArt.C.ChangesofLandArt. D.IntroductionofLandArt.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种艺术——地景艺术。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ModernLandArtmovementreallygotgoinginthe1960swhenAmericanartistsbegancreatingLandArtonalargescale.Today,worksofmodernLandArtcanbeseenallovertheworld,sometimesrightalongsidemucholderpiecesofLandArtcreatedbypeoplewholivedthousandsofyearsago.(现代地景艺术运动真正开始于20世纪60年代，当时美国艺术家开始大规模创作地景艺术。今天，世界各地都能看到现代地景艺术的作品，有时就在几千年前人们创作的更古老的地景艺术作品旁边)”可知，几千年来，人们一直在创造土地艺术。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“in1970RobertSmithson,agreatcreativeartist,createdtheSpiralJetty(螺旋状防波堤),madeofacollectionofstonesandmud,intheGreatSaltLake.TheAmericanartistmadealargejettyinaspiralshapewhichsticksoutintothewatersofthelake.(1970年罗伯特·史密森伟大的创造性的艺术家创造了螺旋码头，由石头和泥土的集合，在大盐湖。这位美国艺术家做了一个螺旋形的大防波堤，伸入湖中)”可知，RobertSmithson是一位伟大的创意艺术家。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“LandArtisdesignedtograduallyform,change,andeventuallydecay(衰落).That'soneofthebiggestdifferencesbetweenLandArtandmostoftheartoneseesinthemuseums.(地景艺术的目的是逐渐形成，改变，最终衰败。这是地景艺术和博物馆里的大多数艺术最大的区别之一)”可知，地景艺术最大的区别之一在于逐渐发展和衰退。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“LandArt(地景艺术),sometimesreferredtoasEarthArtorEarthworks,isaformofartwhichinvolvesusingphysicallandscapes(实景)tocreateart,takingartoutofthemuseumandintotheoutsideworld.(地景艺术，有时被称为大地艺术或土方工程，是一种艺术形式，涉及使用自然景观来创造艺术，将艺术带出博物馆，进入外部世界)”可知，本文的最佳标题为地景艺术的介绍。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余Therewasoncealonelygirlwhowantedloveverymuch.Onedaywhileshewaswalkinginthewoodsshefoundtwobirds.____16____.Shetookcareofthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithabeautifulsong.Thegirlfeltgreatloveforthebirds.Shewantedtheirsingingtolastforever.___17___.Thelargerandstrongerofthetwobirdsflewoutofthecage.Thegirlwatchedworriedlyasheflewaboveher.Shewassoafraidthathewouldflyawayandshewouldneverseehim.Soasheflewclose,shecaughthimquickly.Shefeltveryhappy.____18____Herlovehadkilledhim.Shenoticedtheotherbirdstandingatthedoorofthecage.Shecouldfeelhisgreatneedforfreedomandhisneedtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.___19___.Thebirdflewaroundheronce,twice,threetimes.Thegirllookedhappilyatthebird’senjoyment.Herheartdidnolongercareaboutherloss____20____.Suddenlythebirdflewcloserandlandedsoftlyonherhand.Itsangthesweetestsongshehadeverheard.Thefastestwaytoloseloveistoholdontootight;thebestwaytokeeploveistogiveitwings!A.Onedaythegirlleftthedoortothecageopen.B.Sheliftedhimfromthecageandfreedhim.C.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.D.Thebirdsweresobeautifulthatshelovedthemverymuch.E.Shewantedthebirdtobehappy.F.Sherealizedhermistake.G.However,whensheopenedherhand,shefoundthebirdhaddied.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.B20.E【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章通过讲述一个女孩把两只鸟放在笼子里养，后来不小心把其中的一种鸟抓死的故事，告诉人们抓紧爱会失去爱，放飞爱会保持爱的道理。【16题详解】根据上句：发现两只快要饿死的小鸟。再根据空格下句：经她悉心照料，鸟儿一天天强壮起来。可知此处的意思是：她把它们带回家，放入一个小笼子。先带回家再照顾，承上启下。故选C。【17题详解】根据下句：那只较大较壮的鸟儿飞出了鸟笼。可知此句是，鸟笼门打开着，它们才能飞出去，A项：女孩敞开了鸟笼的小门。这是造成鸟儿飞出鸟笼的原因。故选A。【18题详解】根据上文：鸟儿飞近时，她死命将它抓住。她十分高兴，终于又把它捉了回来。再根据下句：她不顾一切的爱害死了鸟儿。前面讲述用手捉住了鸟，发现鸟死了是在张开手之后，可知此处的意思是：然而，她伸开手，发现鸟已经死了。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文：她注意到另一只鸟儿在笼边扑闪着翅膀。她可以感觉到它对自由的无限向往。它渴望冲向明净的蓝天。再根据空格下句：小鸟高兴的在空中转了三圈。可知此处的意思是：她将它举起，轻轻抛向空中，让他获得自由。先放了鸟，鸟才能在空中飞翔。故选B。【20题详解】根据上句：她的内心不再计较自己的得失。她放了鸟儿，发现鸟儿得到自由后更快乐。可知她希望鸟儿幸福。故选E。【点睛】七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会有某种的衔接手段。3.段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找到启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。37.【小题2】A根据下句：那只较大较壮的鸟儿飞出了鸟笼。可知此句的意思是：女孩敞开了鸟笼的小门。故选A。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneofFatah'sclosefriendshadseveralfarms.Oneyeardueto___21___economicconditions,peopleweresufferingstarvation(遭受饥饿).Thisman___22___togivetheharvest(收获，收割)ofoneofhisfarmstothe___23___.Sohewenttothesquareandannouncedthatpeoplecouldbenefitfromthe___24___iftheywere___25___，andthattheycouldnottakefromtheharvestmorethanwhatwas___26___.Theneedywentthereeverydayinlargegroupsandbenefited.The___27___ofthefarmwassobusywithhisworkthathedidn'tfollowup(关注)closelyonthe___28___ofthatpieceofland.Afterhehad___29___alltheotherpiecesofland,he___30___thisparticularfarmhehadgivenascharity(慈善),and___31___hisservantstogoandcollectanydrygrass,plantsand___32___thatmighthaveremained.Tothegreat___33___oftheservants(仆人),theyfoundthatthere___34___remainedalotofcropsthathadnotbeenharvested.Whengettingintheharvest,theyall___35___thattheharvestofthatpieceoflandexceeded(超过)thatofalltheotherpiecesoflandthatthemanowned.___36___，whileitwasacommon___37___toleavethelandwithoutplantinganycropsthefollowingyear___38___itcouldregaintheminerals(矿物质)ithad___39___，itwasfoundthatthispieceoflandhadnotlostanythingatall,anditwas___40___togrowcropsinthefollowingyear.21.A.common B.bad C.unfair D.steady22.A.begged B.continued C.pretended D.decided23.A.sick B.old C.deaf D.poor24.A.land B.education C.climate D.suggestion25.A.indoubt B.inreturn C.indanger D.inneed26.A.different B.similar C.necessary D.sensitive27.A.neighbor B.reporter C.owner D.seller28.A.soil B.design C.condition D.price29.A.measured B.harvested C.cleared D.watered30.A.discovered B.remembered C.managed D.developed31.A.warned B.advised C.told D.taught32.A.tools B.animals C.goods D.seeds33.A.relief B.taste C.surprise D.regret34.A.again B.still C.also D.never35.A.explained B.found C.forgot D.dreamed36.A.However B.Anyway C.Therefore D.Besides37A.plan B.practice C.request D.system38.A.asif B.nowthat C.sothat D.evenif39.A.removed B.wasted C.lost D.saved40.A.possible B.safe C.strange D.painful【答案】21.B22.D23.D24.A25.D26.C27.C28.C29.B30.B31.C32.D33.C34.B35.B36.D37.B38.C39.C40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个故事，有一年经济糟糕民不聊生，一位农场主发善心决定把一块地的收成分发给穷人们，后来当他再来看这块地时，发现人们不仅留下很多庄稼，还让土地恢复了肥力。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一年因为糟糕的经济情况，人们都遭受着饥饿。A.common普遍的；B.bad坏的；C.unfair不公平的；D.steady稳定的。根据后句中“peopleweresufferingstarvation”推断，正是因为经济形势不好才导致人们挨饿。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子决定把他其中一个农场的收获给予穷人们。A.begged乞求；B.continued继续；C.pretended假装；D.decided决定。依据下文特别是第二段中“thisparticularfarmhehadgivenascharity(慈善)”可知，男子确实实行了这里所述的动作，这里就表示他决定这样做了。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这名男子决定把他其中一个农场的收获给予穷人们。A.sick生病的；B.old老的；C.deaf聋的；D.poor穷的。呼应前文中的“peopleweresufferingstarvation”和第二段段首的Theneedy，这里指的是男子发善心给穷人们发粮食。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以他来到广场上，宣布人们如果有需要的话，可以从这片土地上受益。A.land土地；B.education教育；C.climate气候；D.suggestion建议。这里男子宣布的内容其实就是指得到土地里收获粮食，也就是从土地上受益。故选A项。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以他来到广场上，宣布人们如果有需要的话，可以从这片土地上受益。A.indoubt不确定，有疑问；B.inreturn作为回报；C.indanger有危险；D.inneed有需要。这里与下一段段首的Theneedy对应，指有需要的人。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还宣布他们不能带走超过所需量的收获。A.different不同的；B.similar相似的；C.necessary必要的；D.sensitive敏感的。这里指农场主担心穷人们会带走太多的庄稼，也与后文中仆人们发现庄稼还有很多时的惊讶形成对照。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：农场的主人忙于工作无暇密切关注那块地的情况。A.neighbor邻居；B.reporter记者；C.owner主人；D.seller销售员。根据下一句“Afterhehad9alltheotherpiecesofland”可知，这里指的是农场的主人，也就是那位帮助穷人的男子。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：农场的主人忙于工作无暇密切关注那块地的情况。A.soil土壤；B.design设计；C.condition情况；D.price价格。这里指男子宣布分发一个农场的收获后，就去忙其他事而无暇顾及那个农场的情况了。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他收割完其他所有的地后,他想起了这个被用作慈善的特别的农场,然后让他的仆人们过去收集任何剩下的干草、植物和种子。A.measured测量；B.harvested收割；C.cleared清理；D.watered浇水。由上文有一块地已经收获可推知，现在到了收获季节，所以身为农场主要忙的工作就是收割其他土地的粮食。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他收割完其他所有的地后,他想起了这个被用作慈善的特别的农场,然后让他的仆人们过去收集任何剩下的干草、植物和种子。A.discovered发现；B.remembered记起；C.managed管理；D.developed发展。与前文中“hedidn'tfollowup(关注)closelyonthe8ofthatpieceofland”形成对照，这里指男子在忙完后想起了这个农场。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他收割完其他所有的地后,他想起了这个被用作慈善的特别的农场,然后让他的仆人们过去收集任何剩下的干草、植物和种子。A.warned警告；B.advised建议；C.told告诉；D.taught教导。这里指农场主给助手们下的命令，tellsb.todosth.意为“告诉/让某人做某事”。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他收割完其他所有的地后,他想起了这个被用作慈善的特别的农场,然后让他的仆人们过去收集任何剩下的干草、植物和种子。A.tools工具；B.animals动物；C.goods商品；D.seeds种子。按常理推断，在收割完庄稼时，应收集地里可用的东西，包括留到下一年用的种子。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让仆人们感到极其惊讶的是，他们发现还剩很多庄稼没被收割。A.relief宽慰；B.taste口味；C.surprise惊讶；D.regret后悔。从后句交代的情况来看，穷人们没有把粮食收割完，还剩了很多，这显然是出人意料的。故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：让仆人们感到极其惊讶的是，他们发现还剩很多庄稼没被收割。A.again再次；B.still仍然；C.also也；D.never从不。这里用still表示“（庄稼）还/仍然（剩下许多）”，符合语境。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当收完庄稼时，他们都发现那片地的收获超过了男子所有其他的土地。A.explained解释；B.found发现；C.forgot忘记；D.dreamed梦到。显然that从句描述的内容是仆人们在收割庄稼后看到、发现的事实。故选B项。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，尽管人们通常会空着土地第二年什么都不种，好让土壤重新获得失去的矿物质，据发现这块土地什么都没少，明年也是可能种庄稼的。A.However然而；B.Anyway无论如何；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides除此之外。本段内容是在前一段对土地情况描述的基础上进一步的补充说明，符合递进关系。故选D项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，尽管人们通常会空着土地第二年什么都不种，好让土壤重新获得失去的矿物质，据发现这块土地什么都没少，明年也是可能种庄稼的。A.plan计划；B.practice通常做法；C.request要求；D.system系统。这里描述的应该是耕种时常用的让土地恢复肥力的“休耕”法，应使用practice表示“通常的做法，惯例”。故选B项。【38题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：此外，尽管人们通常会空着土地第二年什么都不种，好让土壤重新获得失去的矿物质，据发现这块土地什么都没少，明年也是可能种庄稼的。A.asif好像；B.nowthat既然；C.sothat因此，以便；D.evenif即使。分析前后句逻辑关系，后句内容是前句讲到的“休耕”法的目的，引导目的状语从句应使用sothat。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，尽管人们通常会空着土地第二年什么都不种，好让土壤重新获得失去的矿物质，据发现这块土地什么都没少，明年也是可能种庄稼的。A.removed移除；B.wasted浪费；C.lost失去；D.saved保存。这里描述的应该是耕种时常用的让土地恢复肥力的“休耕”法，即土壤会再次获得在耕作期失去的肥力。故选C项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，尽管人们通常会空着土地第二年什么都不种，好让土壤重新获得失去的矿物质，据发现这块土地什么都没少，明年也是可能种庄稼的。A.possible可能的；B.safe安全的；C.strange奇怪的；D.painful痛苦的。显然该句中“hadnotlostanythingatall”对应的是前句中提到的土壤失去肥力，也就是这块土地明年还是适于种植的。故选A项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withtime____41____(go)by,stylesinWesternarthavechangedalot.DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.Butitwas____42____(evidence)thatideaschangedwhenpaintersbegantopaintinamorerealisticway.PeopleintheRenaissanceadopted____43____morehumanisticattitudetolife.Duringthisperiod,richpeoplepaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesand____44____(possess)aswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.____45____coincidence,oilpaintswerealsodeveloped.Fromthelate19thcentury,theImpressionists____46____paintingswerethoughtridiculousdrew____47____(quick)toshowhowlightandshadowfellonobjects.Today,they____48____(accept)asthebeginningofmodernart.Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract,____49____ontheotherhand,someisrealistic.Itisnoteasyto_____50_____(prediction)thepaintingstylesinthefuture.【答案】41.going42.evident43.a44.possessions45.By46.whose47.quickly48.areaccepted49.but50.predict【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西方艺术风格在各个时期的变化以及特点。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，西方艺术的风格发生了很大的变化。此处为with的复合结构，time与go构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填going。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：但很明显，当画家开始以一种更现实方式作画时，观念发生了变化。此处作表语，应用形容词evident，表示“明显的”。故填evident。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：文艺复兴时期的人们对生活采取了更加人性化的态度。attitude为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且more是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：在这一时期，富人付钱给著名的艺术家来画他们自己、他们的房子和财产以及他们的活动和成就。此处作宾语，表示“财产”应用名词possession，结合上文“theirhousesand”可知用复数形式。故填possessions。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：巧合的是，油画颜料也被开发出来了。结合句意表示“巧合的是”可知短语为bycoincidence。句首单词首字母要大写。故填By。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从19世纪后期开始，印象派画家的画作被认为是荒谬的，他们很快就画出了光线和阴影如何落在物体上。此处为定语从句修饰先行词Impressionists，先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：从19世纪后期开始，印象派画家的画作被认为是荒谬的，他们很快就画出了光线和阴影如何落在物体上。修饰动词draw应用副词quickly，作状语。故填quickly。【48题详解】考查时态语态。句意：今天，它们被认为是现代艺术的开端。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，且根据上文today可知描述目前的情况应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为they，谓语用复数。故填areacce