四川省南充市2024年中考英语模拟试卷（含答案）

四川省南充市2024年中考英语模拟试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）完形填空TraditionalChineseMedicine（TCM）hasalonghistory.The1．medicalclassicinChina,Huangdi'sClassiconMedicine,cameoutmorethan2,000yearsago.Thebookisabouttherelationshipbetweenmanandnature.InChineseculture,yinandyangarethetwopartsofnature.Naturekeepsbalanced（平衡的）ifyinandyangwork2．together.Thehumanbodyneedssuchabalancetoo.TCMhelpstodothat.Forsomehealthproblems,thereisa3．thatadoctorofTCMdoesnotgiveyoumedicine.Instead,hemaygiveyoujustagoodplanandrightwaystoeat.Forexample,itiscommonto4．onthewaytoschool,atourworkdesk,orinfrontoftheTV.ButTCMthinksit'swrong.Herearethecorrectways：Sitdowntoeat.5．eating,keepawayfromtheTVandtheworkdesk.Eatseasonalfoods.Donotmissanyofthethreemeals.TCMisgettingmoreandmorepopularintheworld.Areportsayspeoplein183countriesandareasarenowusingTCM.1．A．easiest B．newest C．earliest D．biggest2．A．hard B．confidently C．quietly D．well3．A．change B．offer C．chance D．advice4．A．drink B．eat C．play D．smile5．A．Since B．While C．After D．Until完形填空Thedaystartedlikeanyother.Papacameback6．hisboatfulloffish.Mamamadebreakfast.Seven-year-oldJonaswasdoinghomework,whilehislittlebrothersranaroundtheyard.Thatdayseemed7．,butAlejoknewbetter.Alejofeltshaking,andhisearsperkedup（竖着）,listeningforwhathadalready8．.Alejomadeacryingsound,andMamasaid,"Sh!"Suddenly,astrangeroaring（轰鸣）soundbegan.Paparantoanearbybuilding'sroof（屋顶）tofindoutwhatwashappening.ButAlejoknewbetter.Theshakingoftheground9．uphispaddedpaws（肉掌）.Hewantedtorun,buthedidn'tdaretoleavehisfamily."Whyweretheywaiting？Didn'ttheyknowthatagreatearthquakehadroaredundertheoceanandwouldsoonbringstrongwavesontotheland？"Alejothought.AndthenPapashoutedwithfearfromtherooftop,"Tsunami（海啸）!Run!"Mamagrabbed（抓）alittleboyundereacharmandshoutedtoJonas,"Jonas,run!Followmeupthe10．.Fast!"Buttheroarhadgottenlouder,11．herwords.AllthatJonashadheardwas,"Run!"Andheranbackhomewherehethoughthewouldbesafe.Alejobarked（吠）andbarked,butthetsunamimadeit12．tohearhisvoice,too.AlejorantoJonasandgentlybit（咬）hisfeet,13．theboywouldn'tmove.Jonaspushedthedogaway,butAlejowouldnotgiveup.Hegrabbed（抓）Jonas'sshirtinhis14．,andhepulledandpulledtillhismouthbroke.Withallhisstrength,hepulledJonasbackoutside.Finally,theboyunderstood.AlejoandJonasranandrantilltheyreachedthetopofthehillandmettheirfamily.Theyhadamother-father-brothers-dogthankfulhug,thoughtheysawthehousewas15．damaged（毁坏）.6．A．with B．to C．about D．under7．A．thankful B．careful C．helpful D．peaceful8．A．returned B．moved C．started D．stopped9．A．held B．pulled C．woke D．traveled10．A．hill B．roof C．boat D．land11．A．puttingup B．cuttingout C．puttingdown D．cuttingoff12．A．hard B．possible C．late D．clear13．A．so B．and C．but D．or14．A．teeth B．paws C．feet D．legs15．A．hardly B．badly C．beautifully D．cheaply二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）阅读理解AFunPlantExperiment（试验）toTryatHome!Withoutwater,plantswoulddie.Doyouknowhowwatergetsfromtherootsofaplanttotherestoftheplant？Thewatergoesthroughtinytubes（管）thatformpathways（小径）toallpartsoftheplant.Thisissimilartohowbloodflowsinourbodies.Andhereisanexperimenttoprove（证明）it.Materials●acelery（芹菜）stick●asharpknife●aglassofwater●someredfoodcolor▲1）Putafewdropsoftheredfoodcolorintheglassofwater.2）Cutthebottomofthecelerystickandplacetheceleryinthewater.3）Leavethecelerystickintheglassofwaterforseveralhours.4）Removethecelerystickandcutitintopieceshorizontally,thatis,acrossthestem（茎）.Then,lookatthecrosssections（横切面）.Observation（观察）Redfoodcolorcanbeseeninallcrosssectionsfromthebottomofthecelerystickrightuptotheleaves.ExplanationThewater,alongwiththeredfoodcolor,hasbeentransported（运输）upthecelerystickthroughthetinytubesinit.Theexperiment,therefore,showsthattinytubesinplantshelpwatertoreachallpartsoftheplant.Theredfoodcolorshowswherethewaterhastravelledtointhecelerystick.16．Thetextis______.A．areviewforabook B．anadvertisementforceleryC．amenuinarestaurant D．aninstructiontoanexperiment17．Whichofthefollowingshouldbeputintheblank▲?A．Form B．Steps C．Schedule D．Tips18．Whatdoyouseewhenthecelerystickiscutintocrosssections?A．Theinsideofthecelerystickisempty.B．Allthecrosssectionshavebecomered.C．Thecelerystickhasbecomebigger.D．Thewaterintheglasshasdisappeared.19．Inthisexperiment,whyisredfoodcoloraddedtothewater?A．Itmakesthecelerysticklooknicer.B．Thewater'spathinaplantcanbeseen.C．Theplantneedsfoodcolortolive.D．Ithelpstheplanttotransportthewater.20．Theexperimentistoshow______.A．howtocolorastickofceleryB．thatplantswoulddiewithoutwaterC．howwatertravelsthroughaplantD．thatscienceexperimentsarefuntodo阅读理解WhenthegreatlibraryofAlexandriaburned,thestorygoes,onebookwassaved.Butitwasnotavaluablebook,andapoormangotit.Thebookwasnotveryinteresting,butbetweenitspagestherewassomethingveryinterestingindeed.Itwasathinstripofvellum（羊皮纸）onwhichthesecretofthe"Touchstone"waswritten.Thestonewasasmallpebble（鹅暖石）thatcanturnanycommonmetalintopuregold.Thewritingexplainedthatitwaslyingamongthousandsandthousandsofotherpebblesthatlookedexactlylikeit.Thesecretwasthis：Therealstonewillfeelwarmwhileordinarypebblesarecold.Sothemansoldhishouse,boughtatent,campedontheseashore,andbegantestingpebbles.Heknewthatifhepickedupnormalpebblesandthrewthemdownagainbecausetheywerecold,hemightpickupthesamepebbleshundredsoftimes.Sowhenhefeltonethatwascold,hethrewitintothesea.Hespentawholedaydoingthis,butnoneofthemwasthetouchstone.Yethewentonandonthisway.Pickupapebble.Cold—throwitintothesea.Pickupanother.Throwitintothesea.Thedaysstretched（延伸）intomonthsandthemonthsintoyears.Oneday,however,aboutmid-afternoon,hepickedupapebble,anditwaswarm.Hethrewitintotheseabeforeherealizedwhathehaddone.Hewasusedtothrowingeachpebbleintotheseeashepickedup.Whentheonehewantedcamealong,hestillthrewitaway.Itwasopportunity（机会）.Unlesswearecarefulenough,it'seasytofailtorealizeanopportunitywhenitisinhand,andit'sjustaseasytothrowitaway.21．Accordingtothepassage,themansearchedforthetouchstonebecause______.A．itcouldbringpeoplegoodluckB．itcouldmakepeoplestaywarmC．itcouldturncommonmetalintopuregoldD．itcouldbringpeoplethousandsofpebbles22．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Themanhadspentalmostoneyeartestingpebblesbeforehegotthetouchstone.B．Themanthrewthecoldpebblesintotheseatoavoidpickingthesamepebbleagainandagain.C．Themanthrewthetouchstoneintotheseabecausehedidn'tknowwhetheritwaswarm.D．Themansoldhishouseandboughtanewonenearthesea.23．Whichofthefollowingistherightorder?①Themanthrewthetouchtoneintotheseabeforeherecognizedwhathehaddone.②ThegreatlibraryofAlexandriawasonfire.③Themangotabookfromwhichpeoplewouldknowhowtogetthetouchstone.④Themanspentawholedaypickingupthenormalpebblesandthrowingthemintothesea.⑤Themancampedneartheseaandstartedhissearchforthetouchstone.A．②④⑤①③ B．②④①⑤③ C．②③④①⑤ D．②③⑤④①24．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A．thelibrary B．thebook C．thetouchstone D．thesecret25．Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?A．Opportunityknocksbutonce.B．Practicemakesperfect.C．Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.阅读理解Recently,I'vereadaresearchreportwhichsuggeststhathavingapetisgoodforchildren.It'simpossibleformychildrenwhowantstokeepapetathometoreadthis,becauseIdidn'tletthemdo.AstudypublishedinJAMAPediatricsshowsthatchildrenwhohadadogintheirfirstyearoflifecanhavelesschanceofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）bythetimetheyweresixthanthosefromdog-freefamilies.Itisbelievedthatchildrenaremorelikelytodevelopallergies（过敏）iftheygrowupinsuper-cleanenvironments.Itisreportedthat46%offamiliesintheUKhavepets,withdogsandthencatsthemostcommonanimals.Astudyof397babiesin2012foundthat,duringtheirfirstyearoflife,thosewhoseparentshaddogsorcatshadfewercoldsthanthosefromhomeswithoutpets.Theresearchersthinkthisisbecausetheybroughtinmoredirtfromoutsidetocausethebabies'immunesystems（免疫系统）toworkwell.Theresearchshowsthathavingapetmaymakechildrenfeelmorepopularandbemoreunderstanding.Olderstudiesfoundthatpetsincreasedtheamountoftimefamiliesspenttogether.Petscanhelpchildrentolearntoberesponsibleaswell.Brushthefur,cleantheplacetheysleep,feedthem,takemoreexercise（ifyougetadog）…Sokeepingpetsisreallygoodforimprovingchildren'shealthandtheirqualities.However,Istillcan'tignore（忽视）thetroublepetsmaybring-Afterall,bothdogsandcatspoop（大便）athome,andtheycancarrywormsorotherparasites（寄生虫）.Also,itseemsthatfewchildrenlookaftertheanimals.Theyrepeatedlyaskedtheirparentsforhelp.26．Accordingtotheresearch,childrencan______whentheyhavepetsathome.A．completelystayawayfromasthma B．liveinasuper-cleanenvironmentC．bemoreresponsible D．getbettergradesatschool27．Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromthepassage?A．FewfamiliesintheUKkeeppets.B．Allfamilieswillchoosetokeeppetsathome.C．Childrenhardlyeversharethecareofpetswithparents.D．Thewriterwon'tallowherchildrentokeepapetathome.28．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"qualities"inthelastparagraph?A．品德 B．特征 C．质量 D．标准29．Thestructureofthepassagemaybe______.（①=paragraph1（第一段）,②=paragraph2...）A． B．C． D．30．Thebesttitleofthepassageis______.A．KeepPets,GoodorNot？ B．KeepPets,CleanorNot？C．MorePets,MoreResponsibility! D．NoPets,NoIllness!三、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）补全对话-填空Haveyoueverwonderedwhysomepeoplelivelong,butothersdon't？Manyscientistshavestudiedthemysteriesofalonglifeforyears.Thousandsofstudiessupporttheideathatalonglifeisinfluencedbytwomajor（主要的）things.It'snotsurprisingthatgenetics（遗传学）isamajorinfluence.31．Theyhaveparentsandgrandparentswholivedlonglives.Theirparentshavepassedonthesegenestothem.HowardFriedman,ahealthscientist,saysgeneticsexplainsabout1/3ofwhypeoplelivetoanoldage.Theothermajorinfluenceisbasichealthcare.32．Besides,eatinggoodfoodanddrinkingcleanwaterarebothhelpful.However,recently,scientistshavefoundthewayapersonthinksaboutlifecaninfluencehowlongthatpersonlives!33．Forinstance,inOkinawa,Japan,plentyofpeopleareovertheageof100.Theyhaveanideacalledikigaiorlifepurpose.Scientistsbelieveit'soneofthereasonswhyOkinawahassomanylong-livedpeople.Stayingactiveisthesecondimportantpersonalquality.It'snotthesameasdoingdifficultexercise.34．Anotherqualityishelpingpeople.Whenresearchingtheinfluenceoflove,scientistsexpectedtofindthatpeoplewhofeltlovedwouldlivelonger.Butthiswasn'twhattheyfound.Feelinglovedmadepeoplehaveabetterfeeling.35．Peoplecan'tchangetheirgenes.Andit'sdifficulttoimproveawholecommunity'shealthcaresystem.However,thenewresearchresultsshowtherearethingseachofuscandotohelpchangehowlongwelive.A.Manystudiesshowthathavingasenseofpurposeisimportant.B.Instead,it'sthemostimportanttoremainactiveinanaturalway,doingsomethingyouenjoy.C.Somepeople'sbodiessimplyhavespecialadvantages.D.Nobodycanchangehisorhergenes.E.Forexample,apersongettingvaccines（疫苗）willavoidmanyseriousillnesses.F.However,lovingandcaringforothersdidmakepeoplelivelonger.四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）任务型阅读-多任务混合Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,youmaysmilewhenyouarepleasedwithagradeonatest.Itisoftensaidthatpeoplearesupposedtosmilealot.Thefollowingmayexplainwhy.First,itiseasiertosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,only17musclesareinvolvedtosmilewhile43musclesareneededtoshowunhappiness.Second,youlookmorebeautifulwhenyousmile.Youmaytrytolooknicebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.But"asmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear".Othersmightthinkiteasytomakefriendswithyouwhenseeingthesmilewhichmakesyoumoreenergeticonyourface.Third,smilesarehelpful.Bothsmilingandlaughingcanquicklyspreadfromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmilesorlaughs,peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmileorlaugh,too.Ifapersonissad,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileorlaugh.Itistheeasiestandcheapestwaytohelphimorherbehappy.Finally,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Studyshowsthatagoodmoodmattersalotifyouwanttokeepfit.So,evenifyouaremadorsad,trytosmile.You'llfinditdifficulttostaymadorsadforverylong.Andthen,youwillknowthatsmiling,withoutdoubt,doesgoodtoyourbody.SmileALot!OpinionPeoplearesupposedtosmileoftenintheirdailylives.36．Itiseasiertosmilethantoshowyouare37．.•Itonlytakes17musclestosmilewhileittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Youlookmorebeautifulwhensmiling."Asmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear".Whenyousmile,youlookmoreenergetic,andothersmightthinkthattheycan38．makefriendswithyou.Smilingishelpful.Ifonepersonsmilesorlaughs,peoplearoundhimorherwilldothesame.Ifapersonissad,smilingishelpfulin39．himorherup.Smilingisgoodforhealth.Smilingisimportantforpeopletokeepfit.Smilealotandyouwillknowit's40．goodforyou.五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）阅读填空InChina,thehistoryofpeopleplantingandusingbamboocandatebackasfaras7,000years.AsearlyastheShangDynasty,bamboo41．（use）inancientpeople'sdailylives.Peopleuseditforfurniturefromtablestobeds,tablewarefromplatestochopsticks,housesfromroofstowindows,musical42．（instrument）likefluteandevenweapons（武器）.In251BC,LiBing,thechiefofficerinancientChengdu,SichuanProvince,43．（lead）thelocalpeopletobuildtheDujiangWeirs.Thanksto44．（they）hardwork,thefirstirrigation（灌溉）networkintheworldappeared.Andbambooplayed45．importantroleinit.Theworld'soldestwaterpipe（管）wasalsomadeofbamboo.DuringtheHanDynasty,thepeopleinSichuan46．（success）duga100-metre-deepwell（井）withthickbambooropes.ThistechnologydidnotspreadtoEurope47．the19thcentury.InChineseculture,bambooiswell-knownasoneofthe"fourgentlemen"inplants.Tomanymen,bamboo,hardbutflexible,isasymbolofthespiritofbeingdetermined.48．peoplefacedifficulties,theyareencouraged49．（hold）onbytheeffectofbambooculture.Weoftencomparethosepeople50．aredeterminedandnevergiveuptobamboo.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）51．某中学对初三学生进行了英语口语能力问卷调查，以下是其中两个问题的调查数据。假如你是该校初三学生，请结合下图数据和自身口语情况，写一篇短文。HowoftendopracticespeakingEnglish？HowdoyoupracticespeakingEnglish？●speakmoreinclass●talkwithfriendsinEnglish●otherwaystopractise内容包括：

1.描述问卷调查结果（频率、方法）；

2.介绍自身情况并介绍你认为不错的口语练习方式（2种）及理由。

要求：

1.不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数；

2.要点完整，适当发挥

3.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。AschooldidasurveyamongtheJunior3studentsabouthowoftentheypracticespeakingEnglishandhowtheypracticeEnglish.Herearetheresults.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C；2．D；3．D；4．B；5．B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的中医拔火罐，阴阳平衡的重要性以及中医在世界上越来越流行。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。1．句意：中国最早的医学经典《黄帝内经》诞生于2000多年前。A：easiest最容易的；B：newest最新的；C：earliest最早的；D：biggest最大的。根据下文Huangdi'sClassiconMedicine，cameoutmorethan2，000yearsago.《黄帝内经》问世于2000多年前。可知它应该是中国最早的医学经典，应用earliest，故选C。2．句意：如果阴阳配合良好，自然就会保持平衡。A：hard努力地；B：confidently自信地；C：quietly安静地；D：well好地。根据上文Naturekeepsbalanced.自然保持平衡。可知自然保持平衡的条件应该是阴阳配合良好，应用well，故选D。3．句意：对于一些健康问题，有一条建议是，中医不会给你吃药。A：change改变；B：offer提供；C：chance机会；D：advice建议。根据下文Instead，hemaygiveyoujustagoodplanandrightwaystoeat.相反，他可能会给你一个好的计划和正确的饮食方式。可知，这应该是医生建议不吃药而是饮食调理，应用advice，故选D。4．句意：例如，在上学的路上、在我们的办公桌前或在电视机前吃饭是很常见的。A：drink喝酒；B：eat吃饭；C：play玩耍；D：smile微笑。根据下文Herearethecorrectways:Sitdowntoeat.以下是正确的方法：坐下来吃饭。可知，这里应该是讲在上学的路上、在我们的办公桌前或在电视机前吃饭很常见，应用eat，故选B。5．句意：吃饭时，远离电视和办公桌。A：Since自从...…以来B：While当时候；C：After在之后；D：Until直到。根据句子keepawayfromtheTVandtheworkdesk.远离电视和办公桌。可知此处是指当吃饭时，要远离电视和办公桌，应用While，故选B。【答案】6．A；7．D；8．C；9．D；10．A；11．D；12．A；13．C；14．A；15．B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了海啸到来前后发生的事情。

【点评】考查完形填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。6．句意：爸爸带着满船的鱼回来了。A：with和.…..在一起；B：to到；C：about关于；D：under在…...下面；根据空格后hisboatfulloffish，满船的鱼，可知爸爸带着满船的鱼回来了，应用介词with作伴随状语，故选A。7．句意：那一天似乎很平静，但阿莱霍更清楚。A：thankful感激的；B：careful小心的；C：helpful有用的；D：peaceful平静的；根据下文butAlejoknewbetter.但阿莱霍更清楚。可知前后句表示转折关系，应该是那一天似乎很平静，应用peaceful，故选D。8．句意：阿莱霍感觉到自己在发抖，他的耳朵竖了起来，听着已经开始的事情。阿莱霍发出了哭泣的声音，妈妈说：＂嘘！＂A：returned返回；B：moved移动；C：started开始；D：stopped停止；根据空格后Alejomadeacryingsound.阿莱霍发出了哭泣的声音。可知阿莱霍听到了已经开始的事情，应用started，故选C。9．句意：地面的震动传到了它的肉掌上。A：held拿着；B：pulled拉；C：woke醒；D：traveled传播；根据空格前Theshakingoftheground，地面的震动，可知此处应该是地面的震动传到了它的肉掌上，应用traveled，故选D。10．句意：跟着我上山，快！A：hill山；B：roof屋顶；C：boat船；D：land土地；根据下文AlejoandJonasranandrantilltheyreachedthetopofthehillandmettheirfamily.阿莱霍和乔纳斯一直跑啊跑，直到他们到达山顶，见到了他们的家人。可知应该是往山上跑，应用hill，故选A。11．句意：但海啸声越来越大，打断了她的话。A：puttingup张贴；B：cuttingout关掉；C：puttingdown放下；D：cuttingoff打断（讲话）；根据上文Followmeupthehill.Fast!跟着我上山，快！以及Buttheroarhadgottenlouder，但是咆哮声越来越大，可知咆哮声打断了她的话，应用cuttingoff，故选D。12．句意：Alejo叫了又叫，但海啸也让人很难听到他的声音。A：hard很难；B：possible可能；C：late迟；D：clear离开；根据上文Buttheroarhadgottenlouder，但海啸声越来越大，可知由于海啸声音很大，乔纳斯很难听到阿莱霍的叫声，应用hard，故选A。13．句意：Alejo跑向Jonas，轻轻地咬了他的脚，但男孩一动不动。A：so因此；B：and和；C：but但是；D：or或者；根据空格后theboywouldn'tmove.男孩一动不动。可知前后句应表示转折关系，应用but连接，故选C。14．句意：他用牙齿咬住Jonas的衬衫。A：teeth牙齿；B：paws爪子；C：feet脚；D：legs腿；根据空格后andhepulledandpulledtillhismouthbroke.他拉了又拉，直到嘴都破了。可知阿莱霍应该是用牙齿咬住乔纳斯的衬衫，应用teeth，故选A。15．句意：他们感激地拥抱着母亲、父亲、兄弟和狗，尽管他们看到房子被严重毁坏了，A：hardly几乎不；B：badly严重地；C：beautifully美丽地；D：cheaply便宜地；根据上文Theyhadamother-father-brothers-dogthankfulhug,thoughtheysawthehouse.他们感激地拥抱着母亲、父亲、兄弟和狗，尽管他们看到房子。可知前后句应表示转折关系，应该是房子被严重毁坏了，应用badly，故选B。【答案】16．D17．B18．B19．B20．C【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一个在家就能做的科学实验。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。16．主旨大意题，通读全文，根据标题AFunPlantExperimenttoTryatHome!在家尝试一个有趣的植物实验！以及句子Andhereisanexperimenttoproveit.这里有一个实验来证明这一点。可知本文是一个科学实验的指导说明，故选D。17．推理判断题。根据空格下文Putafewdropsoftheredfoodcolourintheglassofwater.Cutthebottomofthecelerystickandplacetheceleryinthewater.在那杯水中滴几滴红色的食物色素。切下芹菜茎的底部，将芹菜放入水中。可知这些都是实验的步骤，应用steps，故选B。18．细节理解题，根据句子Observation：Redfoodcolourispresentinallcrosssectionsfromthebottomofthecelerystickrightuptotheleaves.观察：从芹菜杆的底部一直到叶子，所有的横截面上都有红色食物颜色。可知当芹菜杆被切成横截面时，所有的横截面都变成了红色，故选B。19．细节理解题，根据句子Theredfoodcolorshowswherethewaterhastravelledtointhecelerystick.红色的食物颜色显示了水在芹菜茎中的位置。可知在水中加入红色的食用色素是为了看到水在植物中的输送路径，故选B。20．细节理解题，根据句子Doyouknowhowwatergetsfromtherootsofapanttotherestoftheplant?你知道水是如何从植物的根流向植物的其余部分的吗？以及句子Andhereisanexperimenttoproveit.这里有一个实验来证明它。可知该实验的目的是在向我们展示水是如何流经植物的，故选C。【答案】21．C22．B23．D24．C25．A【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了一个穷人在海边寻找点金石，却在某天点金石出现时出于习惯反应将其丢进了大海的故事。这个故事告诉我们要时刻保持警惕，否侧机会也可能被我们亲手丢弃。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。21．细节理解题，根据句子Thestonewasasmallpebble（鹅暖石）thatcanturnanycommonmetalintopuregold.这种石头是一种小鹅卵石，可以把任何普通的金属变成纯金。可知点金石是一种可以把任何普通的金属变成纯金的石头，故选C。22．推理判断题，根据句子Heknewthatifhepickedupnormalpebblesandthrewthemdownagainbecausetheywerecold,hemightpickupthesamepebbleshundredsoftimes.Sowhenhefeltonethatwascold,hethrewitintothesea.他知道，如果他捡起普通的鹅卵石，然后因为它们是冷的而把它们扔下去，他可能会几百次捡起同样的鹅卵石。所以当他摸到一块是冷的，他就把它扔进海里。可推知这个人把冰冷的鹅卵石扔进海里，以避免一次又一次地捡到同样的鹅卵石，故选B。23．细节理解题，根据句子WhenthegreatlibraryofAlexandriaburned,thestorygoes,onebookwassaved.Butitwasnotavaluablebook,andapoormangotit.据说，当亚历山大图书馆被烧毁时，有一本书得救了。但那不是一本有价值的书，一个穷人得到了它。以及句子Sothemansoldhishouse,boughtatent,campedontheseashore,andbegantestingpebbles.于是，这个人卖掉了他的房子，买了一个帐篷，在海边扎营，开始测试鹅卵石。以及Hespentawholedaydoingthis,butnoneofthemwasthetouchstone.他花了一整天的时间做这件事，但没有一个是试金石。以及句子Hethrewitintotheseabeforeherealizedwhathehaddone.他还没意识到自己做了什么，就把它扔进了海里。可知故事的正确顺序为②③⑤④①，故选D。24．推理判断题，根据句子Thestonewasasmallpebble（鹅暖石）thatcanturnanycommonmetalintopuregold.这种石头是一种小鹅卵石，可以把任何普通的金属变成纯金。以及句子Thewritingexplainedthatitwaslyingamongthousandsandthousandsofotherpebblesthatlookedexactlylikeit.上面的文字解释说，它躺在成千上万个看起来和它一模一样的鹅卵石中间。可推知此处是指上文提到的点金石，故选C。25．主旨大意题，根据句子Itwasopportunity（机会）.Unlesswearecarefulenough,it'seasytofailtorealizeanopportunitywhenitisinhand,andit'sjustaseasytothrowitaway.这是一个机会。除非我们足够小心，否则我们很容易在机会到手的时候意识不到它，也很容易把它扔掉。可推知作者想通过这个穷人在海边寻找点金石的故事，告诉我们机不可失，时不再来的道理，故选A。【答案】26．C27．D28．A29．C30．A【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了养宠物的一些好处，当然也存在一些风险。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义题、推断题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义题要结合上下文，代入词义，确定符合句子的最佳词义；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。26．细节理解题，根据句子Petscanhelpchildrentolearnaboutresponsibilityaswell.宠物也可以帮助孩子们学习责任感。可知当孩子们在家里养宠物时，他们可以更加有责任感，故选C。27．推理判断题，根据句子However,Istillcan'tignorethetroublepetsmaybring-Afterall,bothdogsandcatspoopathome,andtheycancarrywormsorotherparasites.Also,itseemsthatfewchildrenlookaftertheanimals.Theyrepeatedlyaskedtheirparentsforhelp.然而，我仍然不能忽视宠物可能带来的麻烦。毕竟狗和猫都在家里大便，它们可以携带蠕虫或其他寄生虫。此外，似乎很少有孩子照顾这些动物。他们一再向父母寻求帮助。可推断出这位作者不允许她的孩子在家养宠物，故选D。28．词义猜测题，根据句子Sokeepingpetsisreallygoodforimprovingchildren'shealthandtheirqualities.所以养宠物对改善孩子的健康和..…真的很有好处。可推知是指对孩子的健康和品德有好处，故选A。29．推理判断题，通读全文可知，根据句子Recently,I'vereadaresearchreportwhichsuggeststhathavingapetisgoodforchildren.最近，我读了一份研究报告，报告表明养宠物对孩子有好处。可知第一段提出研究发现养宠物对孩子有好处；根据句子AstudypublishedinJAMAPediatricsshowsthatchildrenwhohadadogintheirfirstyearoflifecanhavelesschanceofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）bythetimetheyweresixthanthosefromdog-freefamilies.发表在《美国医学会儿科学》上的一项研究表明，一岁养狗的孩子在六岁时患哮喘的几率比那些没有狗的家庭的孩子要小。可知第二段和第三段讲的是养宠物对孩子的健康有好处；根据句子Theresearchshowsthathavingapetmaymakechildrenfeelmorepopularandbemoreunderstanding.研究表明，养宠物可能会让孩子们觉得自己更受欢迎，也更容易被理解。可知第四段和第五段讲的是养宠物可以让孩子更受欢迎、更善解人意和更有责任感；根据句子Sokeepingpetsisreallygoodforimprovingchildren'shealthandtheirqualities.所以养宠物真的对提高孩子的健康和素质有好处。可知第六段讲的是养宠物的弊端；因此本文的结构应为①-②③-④⑤-⑥，故选C。30．主旨大意题，根据句子Recently,I'vereadaresearchreportwhichsuggeststhathavingapetisgoodforchildren.最近，我读到一份研究报告，其中指出养宠物对孩子有好处。通读全文，可知本文主要讲述了养宠物的一些好处，当然也存在一些风险，故选A。【答案】31．C；32．E；33．A；34．B；35．F【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了如何能够长寿以及使人长寿的因素。

A.Manystudiesshowthathavingasenseofpurposeisimportant.许多研究表明，目标感很重要。

B.Instead,it'sthemostimportanttoremainactiveinanaturalway,doingsomethingyouenjoy.相反，最重要的是以一种自然的方式保持活跃，做一些你喜欢的事情。

C.Somepeople'sbodiessimplyhavespecialadvantages.有些人的身体就是有特殊的优点。

D.Nobodycanchangehisorhergenes.没有人可以改变他或她的基因。

E.Forexample,apersongettingvaccines（疫苗）willavoidmanyseriousillnesses.例如，一个人接种疫苗可以避免许多严重的疾病。

F.However,lovingandcaringforothersdidmakepeoplelivelonger.然而，爱和关心别人确实能使人活得更长。【点评】考查任务型阅读，六选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置，另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样我们就可以直接将该选项排除31．根据下文意思：他们有长寿的父母和祖父母。他们的父母把这些基因传给了他们。健康科学家霍华德·弗里德曼表示，基因解释了人们长寿的大约三分之一。可推知此处有些人的身体就是有特殊的优势，故选C。32．根据上文意思：另一个主要影响是基本医疗保健。可知此处应与保护健康的医疗保健有关，结合选项，可知此处是指打疫苗可以避免很多严重的疾病，故选E。33．根据下文意思：例如，在日本冲绳，很多人都超过了100岁。他们有一种叫做人生目标的想法。科学家认为这是冲绳有这么多长寿人口的原因之一。可知此处是用例子说明目标的重要性，故选A。34．根据上文意思：保持活跃是第二个重要的个人品质。这和做困难的运动是不一样的。可知此处与保持活跃有关，结合选项，可知此处是指最重要的是以一种自然的方式保持活跃，故选B。35．根据下文意思：另一个品质是帮助别人。在研究爱的影响时，科学家们期望发现那些感到被爱的人会活得更久。但这并不是他们的发现。感觉被爱会让人感觉更好。可知此处与被爱会让人活得更久有关，故选F。【答案】36．TheAdvantagesofSmiling；37．unhappy；38．easily；39．cheering；40．really【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了微笑的优点，最后建议大家要多多微笑。【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。36．根据句子Itisoftensaidthatpeoplearesupposedtosmilealot.Thefollowingmayexplainwhy.人们常说，人们应该经常微笑。以下可能解释其中的原因。结合下文First,itiseasiertosmilethantoshowunhappiness.首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。可知下文主要介绍了微笑的原因，也就是微笑的优点，故答案为TheAdvantagesofSmiling。37．根据句子First,itiseasiertosmilethantoshowunhappiness.首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，空格前为are，后加形容词，可知此处应用unhappy，故答案为unhappy。38．根据句子Othersmightthinkiteasytomakefriendswithyouwhenseeingthesmilewhichmakesyoumoreenergeticonyourface.别人可能会认为很容易和你交朋友，当看到你脸上的微笑，使你更有活力。可知当你微笑时，你看起来更有活力，别人可能会认为他们很容易和你交朋友，根据空格后makefriends，交朋友，动词短语，可知此处应用副词修饰动词，应用easily，故答案为easily。39．根据句子Ifapersonissad,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileorlaugh.Itistheeasiestandcheapestwaytohelphimorherbehappy.如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。这是帮助他或她快乐的最简单和最便宜的方法。可知如果一个人悲伤，微笑可以帮助他或她高兴起来，动词短语cheerup，使高兴起来，空格前in为介词，后加动名词，故答案为cheering。40．根据句子Andthen,youwillknowthatsmiling,wit