湖北省长沙市麓山国际实验学校2025届高三英语上学期第一次模拟试题含解析

PAGEPAGE25湖北省长沙市麓山国际试验学校2025届高三英语上学期第一次模拟试题（含解析）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮檫干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在打题卡上，写在试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanplanningtodo?A.Makesomecheese.B.Goonatrip.C.FindajobinParis.2.Whatisthetimenow?A.8o’clock.B.10o’clock.C.12o’clock.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Alocalartist.B.Theman’ssalary.C.Anapartmenttolet.4.HowdoesDr.Heathspendmostofhistime?A.Givinglectures.B.Conductingresearch.C.Doingofficework,5.WhydoesElainecallPeter?A.Toborrowhisnotes.B.Toexplainherabsence.C.Todiscussthepresentation.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位罝。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisJuliadoing?A.Askingaboutherorder.B.Reportingacomputerproblem.C.Confirmingavisittoacompany.7Whenwillthechairsarrivetoday?A.Atabout10am.B.Around12noon.C.By4pm.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Coursedesign.B.Courseregistration.C.Courseevaluation.9.Whatcoursedidthewomanchoose?A.InternationalTrade.B.ModemHistoryC.Chemistry.10.WhatwillJackdototakemathematics?A.Wattforanopening.B.Applytothedepartment.C.SpeaktoProfessorAnderson.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inacanteen.C.Inanoffice.12.Whatbothersthewoman?A.Hercomputerisdown.B.Herpaperismissing.C.Herhandisaching.13.Whenisthewoman'sreportdue?A.Wednesday.B.Friday.C.NextMonday.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Writingabook.B.Preparingalecture.C.Searchingforreferences,15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.MakehistopicmorespecificB.GetacompletereadinglistC.Readatleastsixbooks.16.Whatistheroangoingtofocuson?A.Hollywoodinthe1920s,B.20th-centuryHollywoodmovies.C.GoldenAgeHollywoodcomedies.17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.StudentandteacherB.Readerandlibrarian.C.Customerandshopassistant.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题，18.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeinhighplacesthisevening?A.There’llbeshowers,B.There’llbeheavymist.C.There’llbestrongwinds.19-Howwillthedaystartincoastalareastomorrow?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.20.Whencanholidaymakersexpectgoodweather?A.ThisweekendB.Endofthismonth.C.Nextmonth.其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACOURTESYPAULBOZYMOWSKI-ThreeNewYorkCitypoliceofficerspaidforawoman’sgroceriesratherthanarrestingher.Astemperaturesapproached90degreesinNewYorkCitylastJuly4th,threepoliceofficersduckedintoaWholeFoodsMarkettogetsomethingcoldtodrink.Whattheywalkedintowasaheatedhumandrama.Onceinside,thecops,Lt.LouisSojoandOfficersEsanidyCuevasandMichaelRivera,wereapproachedbyastoresecurityguardwhoaskedforhelpwithasuspectedshoplifter.Thewomaninquestiondidn’thavethelookofacareercriminal.Shewasobviouslyscared,andhercheekswerewetwithtears.Thecopspeekedinsideherbag.“Allwesawwascontainersoffood.”CuevastoldCBSNewYork."I’mhungry,"sheexplainedquietly.Caughtred-handed,thewomannodoubtexpectedtobesentencedtojailforthecrimeofbeinghungrywhilepoor.Butthecopshadotherideas.“We’llpayforherfood,”Sojotoldthesurprisedsecurityguard.There’dbeennodiscussionamongthethreemen.Itwentunsaid.Instead,theypickedupthewoman’sbagandaccompaniedhertoacashregister,whereeachtookout$10topaythetab.Shewouldnotbearrestedtoday.Allthewomancoulddowasweepingratitude.Coveringherfacewithakerchiefanddryinghereyes,sherepeated,“Thankyou,thankyou.”Shewasn’ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactofmercy.“Itwasaverybeautiful,genuinemoment,”saysPaulBozymowski,whowasatthestore.Hewassotakenbywhathe’dwitnessedthathepostedaphotoonTwitterforalltosee.Butattentionwasneverwhattheofficerssought.Theyweredrivenbyafarmorecommonemotion.AsSojotoldCNN,“Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’sprettydifficultasahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis.”1.Whatcanbelearntaboutthewomanfromthepassage?A.Shehadstolenintheshopseveraltimesbefore.B.Shewascaughtonthespotbythreepoliceofficers.C.Shewasfoundinnocentandwouldnotbearrested.D.Shewasforcedtocommitthecrimeduetothedilemmaoflife.2.PaulBozymowskipostedaphotoonTwitterto.A.appealforsympathyforthepeopleinneed B.expresshisgratitudetothepoliceofficersC.showmorepeoplethecops’actofkindness D.recordtheunforgettablemomentinhislife3.Whatdrovethethreepoliceofficerstopayforthewoman?A.Theirgreatdevotiontowork B.AdeepsenseofbeinghumanC.Theattractionofthepublicattention D.Theirdifferentattitudetowardsshoplifting【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲解并描述纽约市的三位警察非但没有逮捕一名偷东西的妇女反而为她买单的新闻。【1题详解】推理推断题。依据文章"I’mhungry,"sheexplainedquietly（“我饿了，”她安静地说明道）以及最终一段Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’sprettydifficultasahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis（当你看着一个人的脸，发觉他们须要你，而且他们真的很饿，作为一个人很难从这样的事情中走开）可知，这位女士是因为肚子饿才不得已到超市偷东西的，是因为生活的不易才导致犯罪的。故选D项。【2题详解】推理推断题。依据文章倒数其次段Shewasn’ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactofmercy.“Itwasaverybeautiful,genuinemoment,”saysPaulBozymowski,whowasatthestore.Hewassotakenbywhathe’dwitnessedthathepostedaphotoonTwitterforalltosee（她不是唯一一个被这种慈爱行为感动的人。“那是一个特别漂亮、真实的时刻，”在店里PaulBozymowski说。他被所见所闻深深吸引，并在推特上发布了一张照片供全部人观看）可知，他被警察的和善感动了，并且他想让更多的人知道警察的和善行为。选C项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段Whenyoulookatsomeone’sfaceandseethattheyneedyouandthey’reactuallyhungry,it’sprettydifficultasahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis（当你看着一个人的脸，发觉他们须要你，而且他们真的很饿，作为一个人很难从这样的事情中走开）可知，警察们觉得，作为一个人很难做到见到须要帮助的人而不伸手帮助的。故选B项。BAfewyearsago,myhusbandCharlieandIhadmaritalproblems.Growingfamilyresponsibilitiesandfinancialworriestookatollonusandwebeganarguingfrequently,oftenlateintothenight.However,neitherofuscouldtakethestepthatwouldendoureleven-yearmarriageandbringheartbreaktoourthreeyoungchildren.Deepdownweknewwestilllovedeachother,sowedeterminedtoworkitout.Throughcountlessdiscussions,webegantoclosethegulf.Themorehonestwewere,thecloserwebecame.WhenIfeltwewerereachingsolidground,Iaskedmyhusbandtogivemean“eternity(永恒)ring”.ItwasnotsomuchtheringIwanted;itwasthereassurance(保证)Ithoughtitwouldbring.Wewentshoppingonabeautifulsummerday.Wewalkedhandinhandalongarowofjeweler’sshops.FinallyIfoundaringIliked.Whilewaitingforittobeadjusted,thejewelertookmylefthandandglancedatmyengagementring.“MayIcleanitforyou?”heasked.“Itreallydoesn’tsparklelikeitusedto.”CharliesaidasIslippedtheringoffmyfinger.Afewminuteslaterthejewelerwasback.Theringshonelikenew!Onthedrivehome,Ididn’ttakemyeyesoffit.Iforgotallabouttheeternityring.Ijustcouldn’tbelievehowthisoldringsuddenlysparkledthewayithadthedayCharliegaveittome.Ihadtakenitforgrantedthesepastyears,butwithalittlepolishitcouldstillmakemyheartbeatfast.Andthat’sthewayitiswithamarriage.Youhavetoworkatkeepingitpolishedandnew,orelsethegrime(污垢)ofthepassingyearswillhidethejoy.Iputmyhandontheseatbetweenusandspreadmyfingers.Charliecoveredmyhandwithhis.IfeltIwasluckytobeabletoseethesparkleinsomethinggoldwhenIthoughtIneededsomethingnew.4.Whydidtheauthorandherhusbanddecidetosolvetheproblems?A.Theywereafamouscouple. B.Theydidn’twanttodivorce.C.Theproblemswerenotserious. D.Theyhadexperienceindoingso.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph3probablymean?A.freeoftrouble B.arrivingatasquareC.wealthyandgenerous D.ingoodrelationship6.Whydidtheauthorforgetallabouttheeternityringontheirwaybackhome?A.Herhusbandkeptitforher. B.Theydidn’tactuallypayforit.C.Theoldring’slightattractedherattention. D.Thecoupleweretalkingallthewaymerrily.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Wetendtoprefernewobjectstooldones.B.Oneshouldremainthankfulforwhathehasgot.C.Marriageshouldbeconstantlypolished.D.Weshouldtrytorediscoverthetruevalueofoldobjects.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和丈夫曾经有过婚烟问题，但双方均未想要离婚，而是努力解决双方之间的问题。当作者提出和丈夫一起去买永恒戒指的时候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚烟也应当像戒指一样常常除垢，让它重新生气勃勃。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段其次句“Deepdownweknewwestilllovedeachother,sowedeterminedtoworkitout.”，作者和丈夫仍旧相互爱对方，都不想结束他们的婚烟，不想使孩子们难过，所以他们确定要解决他们之间的问题。故B项正确。【5题详解】词义揣测题。依据其次段最终一句“Throughcountlessdiscussions,webegantoclosethegulf.Themorehonestwewere,thecloserwebecame.”可知，作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题，关系越来越融治。再依据画线部分所在句子中的“Iaskedmyhusbandtogivemean“eternity(永恒)ring””可推知，作者感觉她和丈夫的关系已经很好了，他们已经和好如初了。故D项正确。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段第一句“Onthedrivehome,Ididn’ttakemyeyesoffit.”可知，作者在回家的路上眼睛始终盯着那枚结婚戒指，因为它经过擦拭后重新放出了光线，如同丈夫刚给她的那天一样。早已遗忘他们是要去买“永恒戒指”。故C项正确。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段前两句“Andthat’sthewayitiswithamarriage.Youhavetoworkatkeepingitpolishedandnew,orelsethegrime(污垢)ofthepassingyearswillhidethejoy.”可知，作者认为对待婚姻也应当像对待那枚戒指一样，常常除垢，常常发觉婚姻生活中的闪光点，使婚姻保持簇新。故C项正确。【点睛】本文小题2考查了词义揣测题，由其次段最终一句可知“作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题。他们的关系已经复原了”，可知该短语意为“ingoodrelationship”。本题主要运用上下文语境揣测参与。通过上下文的详细信息揣测词义是目前高考阅读理解题中最常见的一种命题形式。

（2014重庆卷，A篇）59.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antics”referto?

A.Smartwords.B.Unusualactions.C.SurprisingLooks.D.Anxiousfeelings.

解析：B。由上文sherushedin,seizedthephone,toreoffthewires,andshoutedatthephone…Andshesweptitintothewastebasket.以及Shesteppedtothedoorwayandshoutedattherestofthehouse,“Nowhearthis!Allobjectsinthisroom—ifyoudoanythingtoupsetmyhusband,outyougo!”可知，作者的妻子听到作者的吼叫声后，做了一些怪异的事情，如将电话机扔进垃圾箱、对着屋子里的东西喊话等。而正是她的这些怪异的行为让作者突然意识到了自己的失控。由上文这些信息可推知“antics”指的是Unusualactions。CItiswidelybelievedthatsmilingmeansapersonishappy，anditusuallyoccurswhenthey'remeetinganotherpersonoragroupofpeopleHowever，anewstudyledbythebodylanguageexpertDrHarryWitchelshowsthisisn'talwaysthecase.Inhisresearch，heasked44participantsaged18—35toplayageographyquizgameconsistingofninedifficultquestionssothattheyoftengottheanswerwrong.Participantsseatedinteractedwithacomputeraloneinaroomwhiletheirfaceswerevideorecorded.Afterthequiz，theparticipantswereaskedtoratetheirexperienceusingarangeof12emotionsincluding“bored”，“interested”and“frustrated”.Meanwhile，theirfacialexpressionswerethencomputeranalysedframebyframeinordertojudgehowmuchtheyweresmilingbasedonascaleofbetween0to1.DrWitchelsaid：“Accordingtosomeresearchers，arealsmilereflectstheinnerstateofcheerfulnessoramusement.However，behaviouralecologytheorysuggeststhatallsmilesaretoolsusedinsocialinteractions，meaningcheerfulnessisneithernecessarynorrichforsmiling.Ourstudyshowedthatinthesehuman­computerinteractionexperiments，smilingisn'tdrivenbyhappiness；itisassociatedwithsubjectiveinvolvement(主观参与)，whichactslikeasocialfuelforsmiling，evenwhensocialisingwithacomputeronyourown.”Surprisingly，participantsdidn'ttendtosmileduringtheperiodwhentheyweretryingtofigureouttheanswers.However，theydidsmilerightafterthecomputergameinformedthemiftheiranswerwascorrectorwrong.Participantssmiledmoreoftenwhentheygottheanswerwrong.DrWitchedadded：“Duringthesecomputerisedquizzes，smilingwasgreatlyincreasedjustafteransweringquestionsincorrectly.Thisbehaviourcouldbeexplainedbyself­ratingsofinvolvement，ratherthanbyratingsofhappinessorfrustration.”8.WhydidDrWitchelusedifficultquestionsinthequizgame?A.Tomakeithardforparticipantstoanswerthemcorrectly.B.Tomaketheanswerperiodlastaslongaspossible.C.Todiscoverthemostintelligentparticipants.D.Tocreateastressfulsituationforparticipantsdeliberately.9.WhatcanweinferfromwhatDrWitchelsaidinParagraph4?A.Otherresearchers'opinionofarealsmileisquiteright.B.Smilesaren'tnecessarilyusefultoolsinsocialinteractions.C.Subjectiveinvolvementdoesn'tmotivatesmilinginsocialinteractions.D.Witchel'sstudyfindingisconsistentwithbehaviouralecologytheory.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthetext?A.Participantswereaskedtointeractwitheachotherinthequiz.B.Participantsinthequizsmiledlessoftenwhentheygottheanswerwrong.C.InDrWitchel'sopinion，smilingisconnectedwithsubjectiveinvolvement.D.DrWitchelthinksthatarealsmilereflectstheinnerstateofcheerfulness.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatContributestoRealHappiness?B.HowtoIdentifyWhetheraPersonIsReallyHappy?C.SmilingDoesn'tNecessarilyMeanHappiness.D.PeopleGenerallyHoldaWrongViewonHappiness.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲解并描述了肢体语言专家Witchel博士通过试验证明白了微笑并不意味着欢乐的观点。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。从题干关键词“quizgame”，可以定位到文章其次段，依据其次段的第一句“Inhisresearch，heasked44participantsaged18—35toplayageographyquizgameconsistingofninedifficultquestionssothattheyoftengottheanswerwrong.（在他的探讨中，他让44名年龄在18-35岁之间的参与者玩一个由9道难题组成的地理问答嬉戏，这样他们答案就会常常出错。）”可知，Witchel博士在问答嬉戏中运用难题是为了使参与者很难正确回答。选项A意为“使得参与者们很难回答出正确答案。”，与原文内容符合。故选A项。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段Witchel博士说的话可知，行为生态学理论认为，全部的微笑都是社会交往的工具，这意味微笑既不是必要的，也不是丰富的。我们的探讨表明，在这种人机交互试验中，微笑不是由欢乐驱动的，它与主观参与有关，这种主观参与就像是微笑的社交燃料，即使是在你自己和电脑社交时也是如此。由此可推断，Witchel博士的探讨结果和行为生态学家的理论是一样的。选项D意为“Witchel博士的探讨结果和行为生态学家的理论一样”，与此相符。故选D项。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段第三句“Ourstudyshowedthatinthesehuman­computerinteractionexperiments，smilingisn'tdrivenbyhappiness;itisassociatedwithsubjectiveinvolvement(主观参与)，whichactslikeasocialfuelforsmiling,evenwhensocialisingwithacomputeronyourown.（我们的探讨表明，在这种人机交互试验中，微笑不是由欢乐驱动的，它与主观参与有关，这种主观参与就像是微笑的社交燃料，即使是在你自己和电脑社交时也是如此。）”可知，在Witchel博士看来，微笑与主观参与有关。选项C意为“在Witchel博士看来，微笑与主观参与有关。”与此相符。故选C项。【11题详解】标题归纳题。依据文章第一段可知，人们普遍认为微笑意味着一个人很欢乐，而且微笑通常发生在他们遇到另一个人或一群人时。然而，由肢体语言专家Witchel博士领导的一项新探讨表明，状况并非总是这样。依据文章第四段可第三句“Ourstudyshowedthatinthesehuman­computerinteractionexperiments，smilingisn'tdrivenbyhappiness;itisassociatedwithsubjectiveinvolvement(主观参与)，whichactslikeasocialfuelforsmiling,evenwhensocialisingwithacomputeronyourown.（我们的探讨表明，在这种人机交互试验中，微笑不是由欢乐驱动的，它与主观参与有关，这种主观参与就像是微笑的社交燃料，即使是在你自己和电脑社交时也是如此。）”可知，探讨表明微笑仅仅是社交的须要，并不表明这个人肯定欢乐。选项C意为“微笑并不肯定意味着欢乐”，与文中的观点相符。故选C项。DWhenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromrelativelywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”12.Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?A.Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.B.Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.C.Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.DCarmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.13.Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.A.usingamassiveonlinequizworldwideB.comparingdifferentculturesandcustomsC.dividingtherespondentsintothreegroupsD.performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments14.Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally?A.Nigeria B.ColombiaC.Finland D.Indonesia15.BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.A.Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironmentB.Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattentionC.Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsocietyD.Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇争论文。文章主要讲了当一名司机猛踩刹车以避开撞到非法穿越公路的行人时，她是在做一个道德上的确定，将风险从行人转移到车内的人。自动驾驶汽车可能很快就不得不做出这样的道德的推断了。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据题目定位到第一段butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.看到下一段讲了这个survey，第三段揭示了探讨结果：nationscouldbedividedintothreegroups，第四段alsoidentified…inacountry，通过nations，country可知试验结果依据不同国家划分，可见是文化差异differentcultures，故选B。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段onlinequiz可知A正确；B选项作者只是展示不同文化的moralchoices，未提及比较；C选项依据第三段开头analyzedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatnationscouldbedividedintothreegroups说明divided是探讨结果得出的，而非conductthestudy运用的方法；D选项文章未提及experiment，research是通过analyzedtheseanswers得出的，故选A。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据题目定位到第四段第三行FinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegally可知依据这项探讨，芬兰的司机更有可能撞上非法穿越公路的行人，故选C。【15题详解】细微环节理解题。依据人名定位到最终两段，最终一段Surveys…canhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidents可知BarbaraWege可能会同意无人驾驶汽车引发的事故可能会受到更多关注，B正确；A选项倒数其次段只提到causefeweraccidents,proportionally不等于greatlyimprove；C选项最终一段thatmightdeveloptrust可知C错误；D选项carmakersneedn’ttakerisk文章完全没有提及，故选B。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Howlongdoesayearlast?_____16_____Butyourparentsmightsaythatawholeyearcanpass“intheblinkofaneye”.Whydoestimeseemtopassfasteraswegetolder?____17____Thisphysicalchangecausestherateatwhichwetakeinandprocessnewinformationtodecline.Babies,forexample,movetheireyesmuchmoreoftenthanadultsbecausethey’reprocessingimagesatafasterrate.Theytakeinalotofinformationanddomanythingsinasingleday.____18____However,aspeople’sbrainsdegradeovertime,fewerimagesareprocessedinthesameamountoftime.Therefore,olderpeoplereceivelessinformationduringadaythanyoungerpeople.Thiscausesthingstoseemasthoughthey’rehappeningmorequickly.____19____Peoplemaymeasuretimebythenumberofmemorableeventsthatcanberecalledwithinacertainperiod.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyourecallyourfirsts(firstdayofschool,firstfamilyvacation,firstbirthdayparty,etc.),theyseemtobeinslowmotion?That’sbecausewhensomethingisa“first”,therearemanyexcitingthingstoremember.Recallingthesememoriesmakesyoufeelliketheytookforever.Formanyadults,lifeisroutine.Whentheylookback,theymightfeelliketherearenotmanynovel(新颖 的)thingstoremember.____20____A.Childrenmightsaythatayearlastsforever.B.Therefore,timeseemstobemovingfastertothem.C.Differentpeoplehavedifferentfeelingstowardtime.D.Thismakesthemfeellikeasingledaylastsforalongtime.E.Aswegrowolder,webecomelessinterestedinnewthings.F.Accordingtoscientists,ourbrainsdegradeandchangeovertime.G.Inadditionpeoplemayalso“feel”timedifferentlyduetopsychologicalreasons.【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.G20.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍人们对时间的理解。随着时间的推移，我们的大脑会退化和改变，在相同的时间内处理的图像会削减。【16题详解】依据上文提示“一年有多长?”再依据下文提示“但是你的父母可能会说，一整年的时间‘一挤眼’就过去了。”承接上下文，A项Childrenmightsaythatayearlastsforever.（孩子们可能会说，一年是永恒的。）切题。故选A。【17题详解】依据下文提示“这种生理改变导致我们汲取和处理新信息的速度下降。”承接下文，F项Accordingtoscientists,ourbrainsdegradeandchangeovertime.（科学家称，随着时间的推移，我们的大脑会退化和改变。）切题。故选F。【18题详解】依据上文提示“他们在一天内汲取了许多信息，做了许多事情。”再依据下文提示“然而，随着时间的推移，人们的大脑会退化，在相同的时间内处理的图像会削减。”承接上下文，D项Thismakesthemfeellikeasingledaylastsforalongtime.（这让他们觉得一天持续的时间很长。）切题。故选D。【19题详解】依据下文提示“人们可以用在某段时间内能够回忆起的难忘事务的数量来衡量时间。”承接下文，G项Inaddition,peoplemayalso“feel”timedifferentlyduetopsychologicalreasons.（此外，由于心理缘由，人们对时间的“感觉”也可能不同。）切题。故选G。【20题详解】依据上文提示“当他们回顾过去的时候，他们可能会觉得没有许多新颖 的事情值得去记住。”承接上文，B项Therefore,timeseemstobemovingfastertothem.（因此，时间对它们来说好像移动得更快。）切题。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Atriptoabank'sATMmachineisusuallyacommonaffair.ButforJoseNunezRomaniz,his___21___onSundayisonethathewon't___22___fortherestofhislife.The19-year-oldcollegestudentwasmakinga___23___forMother'sDayonlinewhenhenoticedhisaccountbalance(存款余额)was___24___.Sohedrovetothenearestbanktodepositmoney.Littledidheknowthathewasabouttomakeanincredible___25___.Whenhearrived,Josenoticedaplasticbagonthegroundfilledwithcash,whichturnedouttobe$135,000."WhenIfirstsawit,Iwasvery___26___,notknowingwhattodo,"JosetoldtheNewYorkTimes.Aftertakingamomentto___27___himself,Josecalledthepolice.Andthepolicesoondiscoveredthatthemoneyhad___28___beenleftbehindbyaworker___29___withrefillingtheATM.Thinkingthatitisthebiggestamountofmoneyeverfoundand___30___inAlbuquerquehistory,themayorandthepolicechiefheldaceremonytohonorJose's___31___.And,perhapsbestofall,thepolicechiefinvitedJoseto___32___ajobasapublicserviceaidforthedepartment___33___hisgraduation.ForJose,itwasthebestgiftforMother'sDay."Mothercalledme___34___shealmoststartedcryingexcitedly...ShetoldmeIdidtherightthingandthatshewas___35___ofwhatIdid,"saidJose.21.A.plan B.experiment C.visit D.show22.A.enjoy B.forget C.imagine D.face23.A.purchase B.survey C.wish D.decision24.A.full B.clear C.inaccurate D.low25.A.offer B.promise C.profit D.discovery26.A.shocked B.amused C.excited D.satisfied27.A.teach B.disturb C.collect D.challenge28.A.carefully B.accidentally C.deliberately D.nervously29.A.continued B.charged C.armed D.tasked30.A.returned B.saved C.lost D.exchanged31.A.confidence B.honesty C.bravery D.appreciation32.A.holdup B.adaptto C.waitfor D.applyfor33.A.although B.before C.after D.until34.A.or B.and C.so D.but35.A.proud B.considerate C.worthy D.sure【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。一名19岁的青年JoseNunezRomaniz打算在银行存款时，无意中发觉了一个装着许多现金的塑料袋，他没有据为己有而是给警察打了电话。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于JoseNunezRomaniz来说，周日的银行之行是他永生难忘的经验。A.plan安排；B.experiment试验；C.visit探望，逗留；D.show展示。依据前文Atriptoabank's...可知，此处指的是Jose周日的银行之行。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对于JoseNunezRomaniz来说，周日的银行之行是他永生难忘的经验。A.enjoy观赏；B.forget遗忘；C.imagine想象；D.face面对。依据后文Jose存款时的经验可知，Jose在存钱时意外捡到了一大笔钱，所以这成了他恒久都不会遗忘的经验。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位19岁的高校生正在网上为母亲节购物，这时他留意到自己的账户余额不足。A.purchase购买；B.survey调查表；C.wish希望；D.decision确定。依据后文forMother'sDayonline可知Jose当时打算给妈妈买母亲节礼物。makeapurchase表示“购物”。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位19岁的高校生正在网上为母亲节购物，这时他留意到自己的账户余额不足。A.full完全的；B.clear清晰的；C.inaccurate不精确的；D.low低的。依据后文Sohedrovetothenearestbanktodepositmoney.可知Jose因为账户余额不足（low），买不了礼物，所以才去存钱的。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不知道他即将有一个惊人的发觉。A.offer提议；B.promise承诺；C.profit利润；D.discovery发觉。依据下一段中Whenhearrived,Josenoticedaplasticbagonthegroundfilledwithcash可知Jose后来在银行捡到了一大笔钱，所以此处指对他即将有一个惊人发觉，Jose之前毫不知情。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当我第一次看到它时，我特别震惊，不知道该怎么办，”Jose告知《纽约时报》。A.shocked震惊的；B.amused好玩的；C.excited激烈的；D.satisfied满足的。依据后文notknowingwhattodo可知，Jose看到这么多钱后感到很惊讶。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jose冷静了一会儿后，报了警。A.teach教学；B.disturb干扰；C.collect收集，使（自己）镇静；D.challenge挑战。依据后文Josecalledthepolice可知，过了一会儿后，Jose安静了下来。collect在此意为“使（自己）镇静；使（思想）集中”。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：警方很快发觉，这些钱是一名负责给自动取款机装现金的工作人员不当心落下的。A.carefully细致地；B.accidentally一不当心，意外地；C.deliberately有意地；D.nervously惊慌地。依据前后文内容可知，这么一大笔钱应当是一位工作人员不当心（accidentally）遗失在那里的。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：警方很快发觉，这些钱是一名负责给自动取款机装现金的工作人员不当心落下的。A.continued接着；B.charged充电；C.armed武装；D.tasked委派任务。结合后文withrefillingtheATM可知这位工作人员是被派去给自动取款机装现金的时候，不当心落下了这笔钱。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发觉和归还的最大数额的一笔钱，因此实行了一个仪式来表彰Jose的诚恳。A.