上海市上海外国语大学附属外国语学校2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页上海市上海外国语大学附属外国语学校2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．—Yousaidshewouldn’tcome,________?—Yes.Butshechangedhermind.A．didn’tyou B．didyou C．wouldshe D．wouldn’tshe2．—Thereadingmaterialisn’teasyforJacktounderstand,isit?—________.Hisforeignlanguageisfarbetterthanexpected.A．No,itisn’t B．I’mafraidnot C．Idon’tthinkso D．Yes,itis3．Kate’sneverlateforschool,________?A．isshe B．isn’tshe C．hasshe D．hasn’tshe4．Itshabitatisshrinkingasnearbycommunitiesburnthenativelandscapeto________newbuildings.A．makeup B．makeawaywith C．makeway D．makewayfor5．Parents________theirchildren’ssafety.AllofthefollowingshavethesamemeaningEXCEPT________.A．fearfor B．areconcernedwithC．areconcernedabout D．worryabout6．Mother’sDayfallson________.Peoplebuycarnationsto________theirmother.A．the2ndSundayinMay;showrespecttoB．the3rdSundayinMay;respectC．the3rdSunday,inMay;berespectfulofD．the2ndSundayinMay;showrespectfor7．The2008SummerOlympicswasheldin________.A．London,Britain B．Beijing,ChinaC．Tokyo,Japan D．Paris,France8．Itisconsideredgoodmannersto________whilehavingameal.A．slouch B．chewwithyourmouthclosedC．playwithyourfood D．reachacrossthetable9．TheislandofIreland________twoparts,theRepublicofIrelandandNorthernIreland.A．composesof B．separatesinto C．consistsof D．makesupof10．________frommyhometomyworkplace!A．Howlongwayitis B．WhatalongwayisitC．Howlongwayisit D．Whatalongwayitis11．—Hey,it’sSaturday.Whatareyouupto?—A．I’vebeenpreparingfortheperformance.B．Notgood.Ilostmyjob.C．I’mgoingtohangoutwithmybestfriend.D．What’sup?Haveyougotanysuggestions?12．—Mom,myflightarrivesat5thisafternoon.—OK,I’ll________.A．pickyouattheairport B．pickyouupintheairportC．pickyoufromtheairport D．pickyouupfromtheairport13．—Ohmygod!Haveyouheardofthat?LadyGagahasbrokenoff________!—Oh,itissuch________tohearthat.A．theengagementwithherfiancé,asurpriseB．themarriagewithherfiancé,surpriseC．theengagementtoherfiancé,ashockD．themarriagetoherfiancé,shock14．—Whenwillapersonfeelcoldinsummer?—Well,whenhe________.Youknow,________canaffectthetemperature.A．isintheSouthPole;longitudeB．reachesthetopofthemountain;altitudeC．islocatedneartheequator;latitudeD．issituatedintheSichuanBasin;clouds15．I________.Now,it’sjustanightmareforme.Thetopographicalmapalways________me!A．wasusedtofindinggeographyfascinating;upsetsB．wasusedtofindgeographyfascinated;annoysC．usedtofindinggeographyfascinated;surprisesD．usedtofindgeographyfascinating;puzzles16．ItissaidancientcitieslikeLoulanandPompeii________atanimportantpositionoftransportation.Riversonce________throughthecitydowntown.A．laid;winded B．waslain;wounded C．lay;wound D．waslied;wound17．InthestoryofMaggie’sGift,Maggieandhishusbandboth________ahappyChristmasanddecidedtobuyagiftforeachother.Intheend,althoughtheylosttheir________things,theydidn’tbegintorealizethe________thingoftheirlifeuntiltheyreceivedthegift.A．hopedlovedonestohave;valuable;invaluableB．hopedlovedoneshave;valueless;valuableC．hopedlovedoneshave;valuable;invaluableD．hopedlovedonestohave;invaluable;valueless18．Itissaidthatastrangedisease________SouthSudan.Untilnowthedisease________thedeathofatleast89people.A．iscausinganeffecton;hascausedB．ishavinganimpacton;hasresultedfromC．isdamagingto;hasleadtoD．iscausingdamageto;hasresultedin19．Itisreportedthatthecityisoneof________intheworld.Everyyear,morethan________ofthepopulationaresufferingfromleadpollution.A．mostpollutedcity;three-fourthB．themostpollutedcities;three-fourthsC．thecitieswithmostpollution;three-foursD．thecitywiththemostpollution;three-fourths20．You’dbetter________asitisgettingcolder.________youarriveathome,youwillstayawayfromthecoldness.A．notstayouttoolong;ThemomentB．tocomebackearlier;AssoonasC．nottostayouttoolong;UntilD．comebackearlier;Before二、完形填空Forbillionsofyears,lifeonourplanethasevolvedtothenaturalrhythmsofnightanddaycausedbytherotationoftheearth.Forhumans,thesungivesusessentialvitaminsandthelightweneedtofunction.Whenthesungoes___21___anddarknesssetsin,themelatonin(褪黑素)inourbrainsmakeus___22___.Aroundus,othercreaturesawakenandusethedarknesstohideortohunt,totravel,andtocommunicate.Twinklinglightingbugsflashinthedarktocommunicate.Preyusestheshadowstohideandpredatorsusetheshieldingdarknesstohunt.___23___,overthelasthundredyearsorso,ournightskyhasbeenfightingalosingbattleagainsthumans’artificiallight.Migratingbirds___24___buildings,andnewlyhatchedseaturtlesmistaketheglowofstreetsfortheshimmerofthemoonontheocean.Weevenfacemoredirect___25___risksfromartificiallight.Artificiallightemittedfromourscreens,lamps,andstreetlights___26___ournormalsleeprhythmsanddecreaseourmelatoninproduction,whichcancauseadverseeffectstoourhealth.The___27___useofartificiallightatnightcanhaveunintendedeffectsonamphibians,birds,mammals,insects,plants,andevenourownbodiesnaturalcycles.___28___,thesolutioncouldbeaseasyasflippingaswitch.TheIDA(InternationalDark-SkyAssociation)hasfoundwaysthateachoneofuscanhelp___29___lightpollutionandfightforthenight.Solvingthisissuecouldbeaseasyasbeingsuretoshutoffall____30____lightsatnight,orinvestinginqualityoutdoorlightingthatshinestowardstheground.21．A．up B．down C．east D．west22．A．excited B．tired C．sleepy D．happy23．A．However B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．Afterwards24．A．flyinto B．crashinto C．livein D．moveinto25．A．heart B．health C．eye D．sleep26．A．increase B．reduce C．disrupt D．improve27．A．right B．suitable C．direct D．inappropriate28．A．Seriously B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Overwhelmingly29．A．strengthen B．reduce C．increase D．stop30．A．unnecessary B．necessary C．important D．useful三、阅读单选AnnaDouglaswas72yearsoldwhenshestartedwritinghernewspapercolumn.Aftersheretired,shefoundavolunteerjobwithanagency.Theagencythatshechosetoworkforhelpedfindjobsforoldpeople.Everydayshetalkedwithotherretiredpeoplelikeherself.Bytalking,sherecognizedtwothings:Oldpeoplehadabilitiesthatwerenotbeingused.Oldpeoplealsohadproblems—mostlyproblemswithcommunication.Mrs.Douglasfoundanewpurposeforherself.Shehadwrittenstoriesaboutpeoplefornationalmagazines.Nowtherewasasubject:oldpeoplelikeherself.Shebegantowriteanewspapercolumncalled“SixtyPhis”,whichfocusesongettingold.Shewroteabouttheproblemsoftheaged,especiallytheirproblemswithbeingmisunderstood.AnnaDouglastriestoseethetruthbehindaproblem.Sheunderstandsthereasonswhyproblemsbegin.Sheunderstandsoldpeopleandyoungpeopleaswell.Forexample,oneofherreaderssaidthathisgrandchildrenleftthehouseeverytimehecametovisit.Mrs.Douglassuggestedsomewaysforhimtoincreaseunderstandingwithhisgrandchildren.Shetoldhimtolistentoyoungpeople’smusicandtowatchthemostpopulartelevisionshows.“It’simportanttoknowsomethingaboutyourgrandchildren’sworld,”saysMrs.Douglas.“Thatmeansquestionsandlistening—andlisteningisnotwhatoldpeopledobest.”Shecontinues,“Saygoodthingstothemandaboutthem.Nevercriticizeyourgrandchildrenoranyotheryoungsters,teenagers,oryoungadults.Nevertellthemthattheyarewrong.Don’tgivethemyouropinion.Theyhavebeentaughtthattheyshouldhaverespectforoldpeople.Theoldshouldalsohaverespectfortheyoung.”31．AnnaDouglasknowstheproblemsoftheagedbecause________.A．sheherselfisold B．shelikestotalkwitholdpeopleC．shehasgrandchildren D．shewritesstoriesaboutoldpeople32．AnnaDouglas’snewspapercolumn________.A．hassomeideasforyoungadults B．dealswithproblemsoftheagedC．containsmostlyamusingstories D．isabouthowtofindjobsforoldpeople33．AccordingtoAnnaDouglas,oldpeoplehavetolearnhowto_________.A．criticize B．complain C．talk D．listen34．AnnaDouglasdoesn’tthinkthat________.A．oldpeoplearecapableofdoingalotofthingsB．oldpeoplehaveproblemswithbeingmisunderstoodC．oldpeoplearegoodatlisteningD．oldpeoplecanlistentoyoungpeople’smusicandwatchthemostpopulartelevisionshows35．AccordingtoMrs.Douglas’sadvice,oldpeople________.A．hadbetterimprovetheirhearinginordertounderstandtheyoungB．shouldlearnalotfromyoungsters,teenagers,oryoungadultsC．shouldshowrespectfortheyoungwhencriticizingthemD．shouldunderstandtheyoungandhaverespectforthemAquaticartprotectssealifeAfishermanhasbuiltanunderseamuseumtotrytostopillegalandharmfultrawling（拖网捕鱼）intheMediterraneanSeaoffthecoastofItaly.Bottomtrawlingisaformoffishinginwhichnetsareweightedwithchainsanddraggedacrosstheseabed.Itcansweepupanysealifeintheirwayanddestroydelicatehabitats.AlthoughitisillegalwithinthreemilesoftheItaliancoast,itcanbeaneasywayforfishermantomakemoney.PaoloFanciullihasfishedthewateroffTuscanyinnorthwestItalyeversincehewastheageof13.Hehasbeencampaigningagainsttrawlingeversincehefirstbegannoticingitsharmfuleffectsinthe1980s.In2006,thelocalgovernmentdroppedblocksontotheseabedtostoptrawlingnetsintheirtracks.However,theyweretoofarapartandthenetspassedbetweenthem.Fanciulli,however,didnotgiveup.Heaskedalocalmarblequarry（采石场）todonatetwolargestoneblocks.Whenhewasoffered100instead,heappealedtoartistsaroundtheworldtohelpturnthemintosculptures.Theblockshavenowbeendroppedinalargecircletoformanunderwaterartmuseumthatcanbevisitedbydivers.Therearenowhopefulsignsofmarineregeneration（再生）inthearea.Meanwhile,thenumbersofseacreaturesintheareasuchasturtlesanddolphinshavealsobeenontherise.36．Anunderseamuseumhasbeenbuiltto________.A．provideaplaceforvisitorsB．protectfishermeninItalyC．stopillegalfishingtoprotectsealifeD．makethecoastofItalymorebeautiful37．Thesecondparagraphmainlytalksabout________.A．thehistoryofbottomtrawlingB．advantagesofbottomtrawlingC．differentopinionsonbottomtrawlingD．generalinformationaboutbottomtrawling38．Accordingtoparagraph3,thegovernment’sblock-droppingmethodwas________.A．harmful B．effective C．beneficial D．unsuccessful39．Theunderlinedphrase“appealedto”inthethirdparagraphmostnearlymeans________.A．resultedin B．calledfor C．broughtabout D．presentedwith40．WhatcanwelearnaboutFanciulli,accordingtoparagraph3and4?A．Fanciullimademoneyfromstoneblocks.B．Fanciulliturnedlargestoneblocksintosculptures.C．Fanciulli’seffortstobuildthemuseumhavebroughtbenefitstoseacreatures.D．Fanciullilearnedabouttheharmfuleffectsoftrawlingwhilehewasbuildingthemuseum.SomeofyoumayplayAntForest.ItisagameonAlipay.Userscollect“energy”tomaketheir“trees”grow.Whenthe“energy”reachesacertainlevel,someorganizationsandcompanieswillplantarealtreeinadesertareaofChina.Andnowitseemsthatthenation’seffortsasawholetomakeagreenerworldhavepaidoff.AccordingtoastudybyNASAandpublishedinthejournalNatureSustainabilityinFebruary,ChinaandIndiaaremainlyresponsibleformakingtheEarthgreeneroverthepasttwodecades.Thestudyhasfoundthatsince2000theEarth’sgreenleafareahasincreasedby5percent,orover5millionsquarekilometers.That’sanareaequivalenttothetotalareaoftheAmazonrainforest.ItismainlytheresultofbigtreeplantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagricultureinbothcountries,accordingtoNASA．“ChinaandIndiaaccountforonethirdoftheincreasedgreeningbutcontainonly9percentoftheplanetslandareacoveredinvegetation.”ChiChen,thestudy’sleadauthorandaresearcheratBostonUniversity,US,toldCNN.Chinawasthemajorcontributor,adding25percenttothisincrease,whileIndiaadded6.8percent.Overthepastdecades,Chinahasmadegreateffortstogreentheland.In1978,Chinabegananational-levelforestationproject—theThreeNorthShelterbeltForestProgram,alsoknownasthe“GreatGreenWall”.Theprogramhasseenmanytreesplantedin13provincesandautonomousregionsinnorthernChinatoactaswindbreaks,accordingtoChinaDaily.Bytheendof2017,theforestcoveragerateamongtheregionsoftheprojecthadreached13.57percent,comparedto5.05percent40yearsago.Forexample,KubuqiDesert,whichisneartheYellowRiverinInnerMongolia,istheseventhlargestinthecountry.ItwasoncethesourceofsandstormsinBeijing.Butthankstoforestationefforts,aboutonethirdoftheKubuqiDesertisnowcoveredwithtreesandshrubs,andsandstormsarelesscommon,reportedXinhuaNewsAgency.InthelightofChina’ssuccessindealingwithdesertification,theUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)believesChinaisagoodexampleforotherstofollow.“Chinaisoneofthemostsuccessfulcountriesingreeningthedesertandhaslessonstosharewiththeworld.”UNEPExecutiveDirectorErikSolheimtoldXinhua.41．WhentheusersofAntForestcollectenough“energy”,________.A．atreecanbeplantedinthegameB．theycangotothedesertandplantatreeC．atreeinthedesertwillbenamedafterthemD．anorganizationoracompanywillplantatreeinadesert42．AccordingtoNASA,________.A．ChinacontributesmoretotheincreasedgreeningthanIndiaB．theareacoveredinvegetationcontains9percentoftheplanetslandC．theincreaseingreeningistheresultofbigtree-plantingprogramsinIndiaD．ChinaandIndiahelpedtheAmazonrainforestbecomegreener43．Whatdoestheword“it”(Para.2)referto?A．TheareaisequivalenttothetotalareaoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Since2000theEarth’sgreenleafareahasincreasedby5percent,orover5millionsquarekilometers.C．ChinaandIndiaaremainlyresponsibleformakingtheEarthgreeneronethepasttwodecades.D．Bigtree-plantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagricultureinbothcountries.44．Whatcanbeknownaboutthe“GreatGreenWall”?A．Itwasaprojectledbythe13provincialgovernments.B．Thisprojectstartedin1978andcompletedin2017.C．Treeswereplantedtoprovideprotectionfromthewind.D．TheforestcoveragerateofChinaincreasedabout8.5%.45．Whydoestheauthorwritethisarticle?A．TosuggestthatothercountrieslearnfromChina’sactions.B．TocallformoreeffortstomaketheEarthgreener.C．TostatethatChinahasbeenplayingaleadingroletoincreasegreenland.D．ToprovethatthegreenleafareaontheEarthhasbeendecreasingrapidlyinrecentyears.四、阅读回答问题Morethan65millionyearsago,attheendoftheCretaceousPeriod（白垩纪）,manyspeciesdiedoffduringaglobaldisasteroftencalledtheK-Pgextinction.TheendoftheCretaceousPeriodsawsomeverybigchangesinEarth’soceansandonitslands.Itwipedoutupto80%ofallanimalspecies,includingthedinosaurs.But20%oftheanimalsthatwerealivewiththedinosaursdidsurvive.Whatweretheseamazinganimals?Howandwhydidtheysurvivewhilesomanyothersdisappearedforever?BeholdthesurvivorsoftheK-Pgmassextinction.Spider（Arachnid）Theearliestweb-spinningarachnids（蛛形纲动物）producedsilkfromtheirabdomensabout386millionyearsago.Theseancientarachnidsarecloselyrelatedtotoday’sspiders.Theoriginalfunctionofspiderwebswasprobablytowrapeggsinaprotectivecovering.Later,spidersevolvedtousetheirsilktospinwebsforcatchingprey.Thisingeniousinventionhelpedthemsaveenergywhilehuntingandmadeiteasierforthemtosurvive.Dragonflies（Meganeura巨脉蜻蜓）Todaytheseflyinginsectshavewingswithaspanofabout6inches.Buttheearliestdragonfliesusedtogrowtohugesizes325millionyearsago.TheMeganeuradragonflyhadawingspanofalmost27inchesandwouldhavedwarfedthelargestmoderndragonfly.Intheoxygen-richswampenvironmentoftheCretaceous,theirlargesizehelpedMeganeuratoabsorbneededoxygen.ButaftertheK-Pgextinction,theairandwatercontainedlessoxygen.Dragonfliesadaptedtotheirnewenvironmentbybecomingsmaller.Crocodile（Sarcosuchus帝王鳄）ThelargestSarcosuchusfromtheCretaceouswas39feetlong.Thisisthreetimeslongerthanthebiggestmoderncrocodile.Crocodilesarepredatorsandhaveprobablyhuntedinmuchthesamewayforthepast225millionyears.Theyhavesurvivedallthistimebymatchingtheirrelativelysmallsizewiththeirextremelypowerfuljawsthatproduceagreatbitingforce.Answerthefollowingquestionsincompletesentences.46．WhendidtheK-Pgextinctionhappen?_________________________________________________________________________47．Howdidspiderssurvive?_________________________________________________________________________48．WhatwereMeganeura’slarge-sizedwingsusedfor?_________________________________________________________________________49．Dragonfliesdidn’tbecomesmallertoadapttothenewenvironment,didthey?_________________________________________________________________________50．Comparedwithcrocodilestoday,didcrocodiles225millionsagohuntdifferentlyorsimilarly?_________________________________________________________________________五、短文选词填空compete

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creationThedefinitionof___51___inthedictionaryis“thepracticeorindustryofhuntingandkillingwhalesfortheiroil,meat,orwhalebone.”Thisindustryhasgreatlyincreasedinthepastcentury,makingitahighly___52___businessandslowlymakingthewhalesadyingspecies.Peoplehuntwhalesbecauseeverypartofthewhaleisuseful.Meat,skin,blubber,andorganscontaina___53___ofnutrients,suchasprotein,fats,vitamins,andminerals.Whaleoilandbaleen(sometimescalledwhalebone,althoughit’snotboneatall)arealso___54___.Technologicaldevelopmentssincethemid-nineteenthcenturyhaveincreasedtheirkill.Forexample,thesteamboatandfloatingfactoryshipsareresponsibleforbringingaboutadramatic___55___inwhalepopulation.Countriesallovertheworldhavebeenpayingmoreandmoreattentiontothe___56___ofwhalepopulations.Lotsofeffortshavebeenmadetoprotectwhales.TheInternationalWhalingCommission(IWC)was___57___in1946toprotectthesecreatures.TheIWCencourages,fundswhaleresearchandpublishestheresultsoftheseandother___58___research.TheIWChasthreecommittees(委员会)toassistitinperformingthesefunctions.TheScientificCommitteeanalyzesdataonwhalesandmakesits___59___totheTechnicalCommittee.TheTechnicalCommitteedraftsrulesforconsiderationbytheIWCatits____60____meetings.TheFinanceandAdministrationCommitteeoverseestheentireIWC．六、语法填空Somethingreallyannoying___61___(happen)whenIwasgoingtotheconcertlastSaturday.I___62___(ride)mybicyclealongthestreetwhenIsawawoman___63___(stand)onthepavementoutsideoneoftheboutiqueshops.She___64___(carry)lotsofshoppingbags.Ihadjustpassedthecrossingwhenshesuddenly___65___(step)intotheroadwithout___66___(look).Ididn’thither,butIfelloffmybicycle.It’sagoodthingIwaswearingmyhelmet,soIwasn’tbadlyhurt!Iexpectedher___67___(apologize),butshejustturnedawayandleftwithoutaword!Ikepttellingmyself___68___(notbe)madatherandsincemybicyclewasbroken,Ihadtohaveit___69___(repair).ThenIcaughtabustotheconcertanditseemed____70____(take)hours!EventuallyImadeittotheconcertintimeandwasabletoplaymysaxophonewithmyfriends!七、同义句转化71．Theresultoftheexperimentsurprisedallthescientistsonthescene.Allthescientistsonthescene_____seetheresultoftheexperiment.72．Shepaidafineof200yuanforparkinginawrongplace.She_____200yuan_____parkinginawrongplace.73．Theboyrealizedtheimportanceofrevisionwhenhefailedtheexam.Theboy_____theimportanceofrevision_____hefailedtheexam.74．Youropinionsalwaysaffectmydecisiongreatly.Youropinionsalways_____mydecision.八、改写句子75．NativeAmericantribesinthewesternplainsbegantousehorsesaround1600.(改为被动语态)________________________________________________________________________九、短文首字母填空FormanyresidentsofnorthernChina,airq___76___isoneofthetopconcernswhenwinterapproaches.OnNov23,hazeshroudedShijiazhuang,Hebei.Localauthoritiesissuedanorangealertforheavyairpollution.Ifsnotthefirsttimetheprovincehasissuedalertsthisyear.AccordingtotheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,burningcoalforheatisthemajorreasonforhighlevelsofPM2.5—fine