2024届高三英语一轮复习语法虚拟语气自学自查导学案

高中英语语法专练学习单：虚拟语气

通过情景导入，学生清晰了解虚拟语气含义、构成和用法。

学习目标

通过情景引导，学生学会辨析虚拟语气的“三装"，并能够在真实场景中运用。

学习重点虚拟语气含义、构成和用法。

学习难点辨析虚拟语气的“三装"。

问题思考

判断下列句子属于什么语气？

1.TheoldladyisofferingaredappletotheSnowWhite.

2.Don'ttakeanyfoodfromastranger!

3.IfIweretheSnowWhite,Iwouldnoteatthatapple!

指点迷津

实现的可能性时，在英语中要用虚拟语气。

牛刀小试

以下哪句话可以不是虚拟语气？

A.如果我是一只小鸟，我就飞到屋顶。

B.如果宇宙有尽头，宇宙的尽头就是铁岭。

C.如果时间每前进2秒后退1秒，生活中会发生哪些变化？

D.如果我有时间，我就去看你。

第@语法探究）

问题探究

1.什么是"虚拟语气呢"？

2.一个句子如何变化，才能体现虚拟呢？

探究发现：不同的虚拟语气

1.虚情假意：if虚拟条件句

IfI(give)anotherchance,I(tell)herIloveher.

2.白日做梦：对现在虚拟

IfI(have)onemorechance,I(say)tothegirl,"Iloveyou!"

3.悔之晚矣：对过去虚拟

IfI(cherish)thetrueloveinmylife,I(live)withthegirl.

4.悔之晚矣：对过去虚拟

IfI(be)themostfortunateman,I(be)ever-lastingbyherside!

指点迷津：虚拟语气：人生三大悲剧

本来能……；本来该……；本来会……

变态规律

规律1:一般现在时(do/does)-—

规律2:一般将来时(w川do)--

变态小技巧：would/could/might/should首字母"WCMS〃就可以了，刚好是"厕所没水"。

语法秘籍

虚拟条件从句主句

与_______事实相反If+主语+（be用were）主语+WCMS+do

与_______事实相反If+主语+________主语+WCMS+_______

If+主语+

与情况相反If+主语+weretodo主语+WCMS+

If+主语+shoulddo

真题派送

1.（2019年江苏卷）Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orweagoodtimetogether.

A.haveB.willhave

C.hadhadD.wouldhavehad

2.（2019年天津卷）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheythetaskinhalfthe

time.

A.accomplishedB.hadaccomplished

C.wouldhaveaccomplishedD.wouldaccomplish

3.（2020年江苏卷）IfIhadn'tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,IwhereIam.

A.won'tbeB.wouldn1thavebeen

B.shouldn'thavebeenD.wouldn'tbe

畅所欲言

Ifyouweretrappedinanisland,andtherewere3toolsyoucanchoose,whatwouldtheybe?Andwhy?

ropeforkcleanwaterbucketscissormatch

mirrorkniferiflebookraft

探索发现2：虚拟条件句的“三装"

火眼金睛

1.观察下列句子，留意句式有何变化？

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotmakeherdisappointed.=WereIyou,Iwouldnotmakeherdisappointed.

结论：这就是虚拟条件句的"倒装"，倒的是""二要注意否定词not/n。不能提前。

2.当主句与从句的时间不一致时，主从句的时态变化是怎样的呢？

Ifyouhadtoldheryouraffectionforher,youwouldnotberegretfulnow.

结论：这就是虚拟条件句的”混装〃，只要熟练运用〃变态规律〃就好哦。

3.除了if可以表示虚拟语气，还有哪些替身？观察下列句子，总结规律。

(1)Butforthetask,youwouldhavelivedhappilywithher.

(2)Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.

(3)Withfavorablewinds,wemighthavegotthereintwodays.

(4)Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavorableconditions.

(5)Iwouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwassobusy.

(6)Heisnotacarefuldriver,otherwisehewouldn'thavehadthataccident.

(7)Borninbettertimes,hewouldhavebeenascholar.

结论：这就是虚拟条件句的"伪装"，有时候我们用一个暗藏的意思来表示虚拟，也就是"含蓄条件句"。

探究发现3:变幻莫测:Ifonly&wish&asif

火眼金睛：观察下列句子，wish/ifonly都表示一种什么样的情感？

1.Ifonly(要是)ZhiZunBaohadfalleninlovewithZiXia.

2.Iwishedtheycouldhaveappreciatedwhattheyhave,buttheyactasif(似乎)theydidn'tloveeach

other.

语法秘籍

主句从句

Ifonly

wish与现在事实相反：did/were

wished与过去事实相反：couldhavedone

asif与将来事实相反：would/could/might/should+do

asthough

真题派送

4.Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheythetaskinhalfthetime.

A.accomplishedB.hadaccomplished

C.haveaccomplishedD.wouldhaveaccomplished

5.Ifwetheflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.

A.hadcaughtB.caught

C.havecaughtD.wouldcatch

6.notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

A.ItwereB.Wereit

C.ItwasD.Wasit

7.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishIasecondchancetobecomemore

involved.

A.hadB.w川have

C.wouldhavehadD.havehad

8.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIit?

A.haddoneB.willhavedone

C.wouldhavehaddoneD.havehaddone

小试牛刀

1.Whichtranslationiscorrect?如果不曾遇见你,我将会是在哪里。

A.IfIhadnevercomeacrossyou,wherewouldIbe?

B.HadInevercomeacrossyou,wherewouldIhavebeen?

C.IfIhaven'tcomeacrossyou,wherewillIbe?

2.Trytotranslatethefollowingsentence:"但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”

3.Whichpoemdoesthefollowingtranslationcomefrom?

IfonlyIgotmansionscoveringtenthousandmiles,Tdhouseallscholarspoorandmakethembeam

withsmiles.

Alas!Shouldthesehousesappearbeforemyeyes,frozeninmyunroofedcot,contentTddie.

探索发现4:各类从句的虚拟运用一

火眼金睛：虚拟语气还可以运用在哪些从句中？

W:It'sapitythatyoushouldnotcometomyparty.

M:Sorry,mydoctororderedthatIshouldstayinbedforafewdays.

W:Itsoundsasifyouaregettingbetter.

M:Yes,Imustseethedoctoraboutitsoon.Itstimewehungup.

语法秘籍

desired/decided/advised

suggested/proposed

requested/recommended

Itis/wasapity/ashame/nowonderthatsb(should)do

necessary/important/natural

desirable/advisable/strange

urgent/preferable

指点迷津：这里的Should意为"应该；竟然"可以省略，但不可换用would。

问题探究：这里的从句感觉都是事实，不是说和事实相反的才叫虚拟语气吗？

这种从句表示的是事实。如果我们对这种事实表示惊奇，就可以用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇，that

从句也可用陈述语气。

语法秘籍

不同句式虚拟用法

一个坚持:insist

两条命令：command,order

宾语从句三条建议：suggest,advise,recommend

四个要求：require,request,demand,ask

备注：当suggest意味〃暗示,表明〃，insist意为〃坚持说〃，宾从用陈述语气。

表主张:idea,decision,

表愿望目标：aim,wish,desire,resolution,plan

表语从句/

表建议：advice,advise,recommendation,proposal

同位语从句

表命令要求：order,requirement,request,demand,necessity

备注：从句用should+动词原形

sb.did

It's(high)

sb.was/weredoing

time

sb.should+do

真题派送：

9.It'sstrangethathehavetakenthebookswithouttheowner'spermission.

A.wouldB.should

C.couldD.might

10.Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichtheyawayinthepast.

A.hadthrownB.wouldhavethrown

C.werethrowingD.w川bethrowing

11.Mr.Lirequiredthecomputerequipmentreferredusedineveryclassroom.

A.shouldbeB.havetobe

C.tobeD.tobeing

12.Whatthecustomersfromthecompanyisthatthegoodsrighttotheirhomes.

A.requested;deliverB.demand;bedelivered

C.request;shoulddeliverD.demand;deliveredtobeing

<3回练习检测)

语法填空

1.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe(have)agoodtimetogether.

2.Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether,AIDS-relateddeaths

(fall)sincetheirhighestin2005.

3.IwishI(be)atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusiness

tripinNewYorkthen.

4.Itistimethatthegovernment(take)measurestoprotecttherarebirdsand

animals.

5.Ifwe(book)atableearlier,wewouldn'tbestandinghereinaqueue.

6.-DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?

-Yes.Otherwise,I(be)abletoreachheryesterday.

7.(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestu