江苏省盐城市七校2024-2025学年高二上学期10月联考英语试题

高二年级第一次学情检测英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。5.本卷主要考查内容：译林版选择性必修第一册U3~U4。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wholetsthesecretout?A.Mary. B.Lucy. C.Paul.2.Whatdayisittoday?A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Saturday.3.Whywasthemanabsentlastweek?A.Hewassick. B.Hewasatwork. C.Hewastravelling.4.Howwillthewomanprobablyfindtherestaurant?A.Byreadingamap. B.Byfollowingthearrows. C.Byignoringthesigns.5.Whenwillthelecturebegin?A.At7:12. B.At7:20. C.At9:00.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool. B.Atashop. C.Athome.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Checkhisbike. B.Buyapen. C.Reviewhisnotes.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shegothurt.B.Shelosthersnowboard.C.Shewastootiredtoreachthemountain.9.Howwillthespeakersprobablygethome?A.Onfoot. B.Bybus. C.Bysubway.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomanpleasedtogetridof?A.Herhouse. B.Herhousework. C.Herhighschool.11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Understandable. B.Mature. C.Stupid.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Familymembers. C.Fellowtravellers.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Buythehouse. B.Rentthehouse. C.Lookatthehouse.14.Howmanybedroomsdoesthehousehave?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.15.Whichaspectofthehouseisthemanconcernedabout?A.Thesize. B.Theprice. C.Theplace.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Speakinprivate. B.Acceptthehouse. C.Checkouttheotherhouses.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.HowlongistheGreenLinerunninglate?A.10minutes. B.15minutes. C.20minutes.18.WhichtrackwilltheYellowLinenowleavefrom?A.Track6. B.Track7. C.Track8.19.WhatshouldpassengersdoiftheyaretakingtheRedLine?A.Getanewticket. B.Waitforthenexttrain. C.Gotoadifferenttrack.20.WhathappenstothetrainsontheWhiteLineafter3:45today?A.Theyarecanceled. B.Theyaredelayed. C.Theyareontime.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAReminderBracelet(手链)DescriptionThe“WithinGood”productlinewascreatedasawaytoencouragepositivethoughtsandgooddeeds.Inonesimpledesignconcept,itisawearableremindertopeopleofallbackgroundsthat“WithinGood,ThereIsGod”—apuremessage,thatnomatterwhatyouaregoingthrough,youcanalwaysdogood,andthespiritoflove,knownasGod,isalwayswithinusandintheworld.WithinGoodisnotintendedtobeareligiousbracelet.Infact,oneofthereasonswhythe“God”referenceappearsontheinsideofthebraceletisbecauseitispersonaltothewearer.Thecompanyco-founderssaytheirconceptwastogobacktothebasicsofdoinggoodforyourselfandothers:“Attheendoftheday,Godsymbolizespeace,love,connectedness,purpose,andanyotherwordthatmakesyoufeelGOOD.”Overmanymonths,thelogo(标识)turnedintoasymbolrepresentedbythedouble“o”inGoodandinterlockingwiththeGandD.“WithinGood”isprintedonthetopofthebraceletandonthebackisprinted,“ThereIsGod”.Theropesymbolizesstrength,andastrongconnectionbetweenGoodandGod(alwaysinsideus).WhyThisIsaGoodGift:LooksGreat:Casualyetclassystyling,inaunisex(中性化的)design.GiftPackaging:Eachbraceletarrivesinsideitsownlittledrawstringbag,readytogiveawaywithoutwrapping(包装).Discount:$29.99$26Clickheretobuytheamazingbracelet,andget10%offNow.21.Whatdoes“therope”represent?A.Peace. B.Love. C.Strength. D.Purpose.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebracelet?A.It'sareligiousbracelet.B.It'sonlysuitableformen.C.It'sprintedwiththewords“WithinGood”onitsback.D.It'sreadytobegivenawaywithoutwrapping.23.Wherecanyoufindthetext?A.Onanoticeboard.B.Onawebsite.C.Inanewspaper.D.Inatextbook.BBorninPotsdam(intheKingdomofPrussia)in1821,Helmholtzwasoneofthe19thcentury'smostknowledgeablescientists,whosenameturnsupinthehistoriesofmultiplescientificfieldsandspecialties.Asayoungster,hehadaninterestinphysics,butthatseemedafinanciallyunwisecareerchoice.Hewenttomedicalschoolandstudiedphysiology(生理学)instead,becausehewasdrawntootherswhopromotedthepointthatphysiologyshouldbebasedontheprinciplesofchemistryandphysics,notthe“vitalforces”thathadbeenpopularlyemphasizedpreviously.Afterearninghismedicaldegree,HelmholtzservedasanarmysurgeonbeforebecomingprofessorofphysiologyattheUniversityofKönigsberg.Duringthattime,hecomposedagroundbreakingpaperontheconservationofenergy,whichmadehimagoodreputationinsciencecommunity.Hismainargumentisthatallsciencecanbereducedtomechanics.ItisemphasizedthatNewtonianmechanicsandLagrangianmechanicsaremathematicallyequivalent(相等的),soaforcecanbemeasuredbytheLaplacemethodintermsoftheenergytransferredbytheforceortheworkdonebytheforce.Allofthisenergyisconserved.WhileatKönigsberg,hestudiedthenervoussystem,optics(光学)andacoustics(声学),especiallywithregardtothephysiologyofthesenses.ThenhemovedontotheUniversityofBonnasprofessorofanatomy(解剖学)andphysiology.AftersometimeattheUniversityofHeidelberg,wherehebecameinterestedinphilosophy,in1871hewasawardedthephysicschairattheUniversityofBerlin.Atlasthecouldfocusonphysics,emphasizingtheimportanceoftheprincipleofleastactionforexplainingphysicalphenomena.HealsoexploredthebranchesofMaxwell'snewtheory.Bythistime,hewasrecognizedasoneofGermany'spremierscientists,untilhisdeathin1894.24.WhydidHelmholtzchoosetostudyphysiology?A.Hemadethechoiceforeconomicdifficulty.B.Hewouldliketomakehimselfhavemoreskills.C.Hepreferredphysiologytochemistryandphysics.D.Hewasattractedbyadifferentviewpoint.25.WhatmadeHelmholtzpopularamongscientists?A.Hisdegreeinmedicalscience. B.Histalentinchemistryandphysics.C.Hispaperontheconservationofenergy. D.Hisachievementsasanarmysurgeon.26.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHelmholtzfromthelastparagraph?A.Hewasafamousphilosopher. B.HeprovedMaxwell'snewtheory.C.HewasaphysicalprofessoratKönigsberg. D.Hedevotedhisrestlifetophysicalresearch.27.WhichwordscanbestdescribeHelmholtz?A.All-roundanddetermined. B.Energeticandcautious.C.Knowledgeableandbrave. D.Humorousandcourageous.CContrarytopopularopinion,thescientificpursuitforknowledgeisnotapredictableandwell-definedprocess.Tomakenewdiscoveries,researchersneedthefreedomtobecreative,fail,andlearnbychance.ThereistheromanticideaofthescientistwhohasanEurekamoment(顿悟时刻)andsuddenlyarrivesatnewinsights.Anotherimpressionisthatresearchonlyinvolvesformalsteps.Neitherofthoseideasiscorrect.“Scienceandartaretwodifferentwaystomakesomethingcomprehensibleorimaginable,”saysBiochemistryProfessorDolfWeijers.“Fromtheoutside,theresearchprocesslooksveryformalandtheartisticprocesslookssomewhatmessy.Butthescientificprocesscanalsounfold(展开)inanunpredictableway.Creativeandassociativethinkingisveryimportantforscientiststogaininsightandmakeconnections.”Thereisanintersectionbetweenscienceandart.ThisiswhyWageningenscientistslooktoartistsforinspirationandexchangeideasabouthowtoamplifycreativefreedom.WeijersandhiscolleagueJorisSprakel,togetherwithotherscientistsandartists,havedesignedaplantolearnfromeachotherandtoexchangeideas.Oneexampleistherecentandspecialprojectinwhichtheymeasuredtheforcesthatactonplantcells.Amolecular(分子)sensorwasusedtovisualisethedifferentforces.Theyrevealedtheresultsincolourfulimages,eachrepresentingadifferentforce.Whatscienceandartalsohaveincommonisthattheyaretopicsofdiscussioninsociety.Therearepeoplewhosaythattheydonotvalueartandpeoplewhomistrustscience.“Itoftencreatesthewrongimpressionbecauseonlytheresultsofscientificstudiesarepresented,andpeopledonothaveanyinsightintotheartisticprocessleadingtodiscovery.Asascientist,youarecriticisedifyousaythatsomethingisdifferentafewyearslater.Thenyouareviewedasunreliable.Butwhatisoftenpoorlyunderstoodisthattherearenofinalresultsinscience,”saysWeijers.28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thepurposeofscienceresearch. B.Theviewsonscienceresearch.C.Theattitudetoscienceresearch. D.Thehardshipofscienceresearch.29.WhatcanweknowfromWeijers'sview?A.Theresearchprocessandtheartisticprocessaretotallydifferentinscience.B.Thescientificprocessalwaysunfoldsinanunpredictableway.C.Scientistsshouldhavecreativeandassociativethinking.D.Theartisticprocessistoomessytobeusedinresearch.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amplify”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.Detect. B.Abandon. C.Imply. D.Increase.31.WhydoestheauthormentionWeijers'sresearchonplantcells?A.Todisplaythebeautyofcolourfulimages.B.Toshowtheconnectionbetweenscienceandart.C.Topresentthefindingsofhisrecentproject.D.Tostresstheimportanceofthinkingfreely.DTheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastorecallhundredsoffoodseveryyear.Likecookiesnackpackswithpiecesofblueplastichidinginside,dressingandsaucecontainingsalmonella(沙门氏菌)orvariousjamscontainingwithlead(铅).Itcantakeafewmonthsbeforearecallisissued.Butnowresearchershavecomeupwithamethodthatmightfast-trackthatprocess,leadingtoearlydetectionand,ultimately,fasterrecalls.TheAIsystemreliesonthefactthatpeopleincreasinglybuyfoodsandspices(调味料)online.Andpeopletendtowritereviewsofproductstheybuyonline,whicharelikebreadcrumbs(面包屑)tofood-safetyofficialssniffing(嗅)outdangerousproducts.TheresearcherslinkedFDAfoodrecallsfrom2012to2014toAmazonreviewsofthosesameproducts.Theythentrainedmachine-learningalgorithms(算法)todistinguishbetweenreviewsforrecalleditemsandreviewsforitemsthathadnotbeenflagged.AndthetrainedalgorithmswereabletopredictFDArecallsthreequartersofthetime.Theyalsoidentifiedanother20,000reviewsforpossiblyunsafefoods,mostofwhichhadneverbeenrecalled.TheresultsarepublishedinJournaloftheAmericanMedicalInformaticsAssociation.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat600millionpeopleworldwidegetsickannuallyfrompollutedfood,andmorethan400,000peoplediefromit.“SohavingtoolsthatenableustodetectthisalotfasterandhopefullyinvestigateanddorecallsfasterwillbeusefulnotjustintheU.S.butinothercountriesaroundtheworldaswell.”StudyauthorElaineNsoesieofBostonUniversity.Shedidaddonewarning:evenrecalledproductscanstillgetfive-starreviews.Sostarsalonedon'ttellthewholesickeningstory.Theproof,unfortunately,maystillbeinthepudding.32.WhatwillhelpFDA.recallunsafefoodsfasterthanbefore?A.Effortsoffood-safetyofficials. B.Lotsofonlinereviewsofproducts.C.Newmeasuresoffood-safetyofficials. D.Onlinereviewsofthepollutedfoods.33.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch?A.Bydescribingfacts. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byanalyzingdata. D.Bymakingcomparisons.34.What'sElaine'sattitudetowardsfive-starreviews?A.Tolerant. .Skeptical. C.Ambiguous. D.Supportive.35.Whichmaybethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AISniffsoutUnsafeFoods B.FDADetectsUnsafeFoodsC.AIHelpsFDAJudgeReviews D.FDADevelopsSystemofJudgingReviews第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There'sareasonwhydogsarecalledman'sbestfriend.Dogsandcatsmakewonderfulcompanionsandprovidemanyemotionalandphysicalbenefits.Themostobviousbenefitsofpetownershipareloveandcompanionship.Wefeelespeciallysecurewithdogsandcatsbecauseoftheunconditionallovetheyprovide.36Takingcareofadogoracatcanprovideasenseofpurposeandafeelingofbeingaccepted.37Whenyoufeelsecurelyattachedtothislivingbeing,therearebiologicalbraineffectsthatreducestressresponse,soitmayaffectyourbreathingrateorbloodpressureoranxietylevel.It'snotalwayseasycaringforpets,however.Sometimeshavingtheminthehomeposessafetythreatsforolderadults.Ifyouhaveproblemswithwalkingandstabilityandyourpetcangetunderyourfeetorjumpupandknockyouover,thenfallsandbrokenbonesarearealdanger.38Animalscarryallkindsofbacteriathatcanbetransferredtohumans.Dogsandcatscanalsocauseallergic(过敏的)reactionsinsomepetowners.Beforegettingapet,considerifyou'rephysicallyandmentallyabletocareforit.39Doyouhavetheenergyandstrengthtofeedit,playwithit,andinthecaseofdogs,takeitfordailywalks?Doyouhavethefinancialmeanstopayforpetfoodandvisitstotheveterinarian(兽医)?Ifyoufeelyouhavethemental,physical,andfinancialmeanstocareforapet,takethepet'ssizeintoconsideration—nottoobigandnottoosmall.Andconsidertheanimal'spersonality.40A.Avoiddogswithalotofseparationanxiety.B.Whateveryoudoorsay,yourpetalwayslovesyou.C.Doyourparentshelplookafteryourpet?D.Therearealsohealthrisksassociatedwithpetownership.E.Theemotionalbenefitscantranslateintophysicalonesaswell.F.They'recute,butpetsaren'talwaysappropriateforolderadults.G.Doyouhavethememoryskillstoremembertofeedtheanimal?第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atagesixty-one,“Daddy”BruceRandolphopenedDaddyBruce'sBarbecueRestaurantinthe“FivePoints”area,apoorsectionofDenver.Hewasakindand41man,whohelpednumerouspeople—notjusthiscustomers,butthepoorandthe42.EveryThanksgiving,Bruceandhissonwould43engagethemselvesincookingforthethousandsofhomeless.Hewantedthemtohaveagreatandfree44onthisspecialday.Aboutaweekbefore,Brucebegan45allthefood.Intheearlyyearsofhisproject,hepaidforeverythingout-of-pocket.Butastimewentby,the46skyrocketedasthecrowdsgrew.That'swhenBruce's47steppedintohelp.They48tonsofturkeys,potatoes,yamsandribs.Andtheydonatedtheirtimetostandbehindandbesidetheoldman.They49tocookandserve.Itwasararemomentto50agentlemanservingfoodtoamanwholivedinacardboardboxunderneathaviaduct(高架桥).Duetotheparticipationofvariouspeople,itseemstherewasanendless51offoodtofeedthosehomelesspeople.Nooneeverwalkedaway52fromBruce'srestaurant.ItwasBrucewho53thewholethingandsupervisedituntilafewyearsagowhenheedgedtowardsninety.Hehadbecometoooldto54anymore.Hewasoneofthefewpeoplewholivedtoseeacitystreetnamedinhis55.MayorFedericoPenarenamedEast34thAvenue“BruceRandolphBoulevard”.41.A.curious B.honest C.generous D.active42.A.disabled B.homeless C.injured D.old43.A.confidently B.gradually C.completely D.successfully44.A.check B.dinner C.journey D.ride45.A.preparing B.transporting C.collecting D.handling46.A.prices B.profits C.resources D.costs47.A.relatives B.admirers C.customers D.classmates48.A.ate B.donated C.produced D.sold49.A.promised B.demanded C.attempted D.volunteered50.A.forbid B.see C.stop D.catch51.A.supply B.charity C.creation D.discovery52.A.thirsty B.hungry C.tired D.hopeless53.A.started B.raced C.discovered D.won54.A.stay B.live C.blame D.work55.A.honour B.view C.life D.favour第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入.1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thepipaisafour-stringedChinesemusicalinstrument,56(belong)totheplucked(拨弦的)categoryofinstruments.SometimescalledtheChineselute,theinstrumenthas57uniquepear-shapedwoodenbodywithavaryingnumberoffrets(琴格)rangingfrom12to26.ThepipaisoneofthemostpopularChineseinstrumentsand58(play)foralmosttwothousandyearsinChina.InChina,plentyofmusicandstoriesareassociated59thisinstrument.Themostpopularoneisaboutabeauty60(call)WangZhaojun.ItissaidthatWangZhaojunbeganajourneynorthward61(marry)anomad(游牧民族)ruler.Sheleftherhometownonhorsebackonabrightautumnmorningandalongtheway,thehorseneighed(嘶鸣),makingZhaojun62(extreme)sadandunabletocontrolheremotions.Asshesatonthesaddle,shebegantoplaysorrowfulmelodiesonastringedinstrument.Agroupof63(bird)flyingsouthwardheardthemusic,sawthebeautifulyoungwomanridingthehorse,immediatelyforgottoflaptheirwings,64felltotheground.Fromthenon,Zhaojunacquiredthenickname“dropbirds”or“luoyan”.Later,themelody,65wasplayedonthesaddle,wasregardedasZhaojun'sLament(《昭君怨》)andthestringedinstrumentwascommonlydescribedasapipa.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你与英国外教Helen约定于本周六一起去写生(sketch)，但因故不能赴约。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表达歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作