2021年12月大学英语四六级阅读题专项练习18

2021年12月英语四六级阅读题

专项练习18：数学能力

peopleappeartoborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsofchildren

developsoearlyandsoinexorably（坚定地）thatitiseasytoimaginean

internalclockofmathematicalmaturityguidingtheirgrowth.Notlong

afterlearningtowalkandtalk,theycansetthetablewithimpress

accuracy---oneknife,onespoon,onefork,foreachofthefivechairs.

Soontheyarecapableofnothingthattheyhaveplacedfiveknives,spoons

andforksonthetableand,abitlater,thatthisamountstofifteenpieces

ofsilverware.Havingthusmasteredaddition,theymoveontosubtraction.

Itseemsalmostreasonabletoexpectthatifachildweresecludedona

desertislandatbirthandretrievedsevenyearslater,heorshecould

enterasecondenterasecond-grademathematicsclasswithoutanyserious

problemsofintellectualadjustment.

Ofcourse,thetruthisnotsosimple.Thiscentury,theworkof

cognitivepsychologistshasilluminatedthesubtleformsofdailylearning

onwhichintellectualprogressdepends.Childrenwereobservedasthey

slowlygrasped----or,asthecasemightbe,bumpedinto----conceptsthat

adultstakeforquantityisunchangedaswaterpoursfromashortglass

intoatallthinone.Psychologistshavesincedemonstratedthatyoung

children,askedtocountthepencilsinapile,readilyreportthenumber

ofblueorredpencils,butmustbecoaxed（说月艮）intofindingthetotal.

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Suchstudieshavesuggestedthattherudiments（基本原理）ofmathematics

aremasteredgradually,andwitheffort.Theyhavealsosuggestedthat

theveryconceptofabstractnumbers-----theideaofaoneness,atwoness,

atwonessthatappliestoanyclassofobjectsandisaprerequisite（先

决条件）fordoinganythingmoremathematicallydemandingthansettinga

table----isitselffarfrominnate.

练习题:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Afterchildrenhavehelpedtosetthetablewithimpressiveaccuracy,

they.

A.areabletohelpparentsservedishes

B.tendtodomorecomplicatedhousework

C.areabletofigureoutthetotalpieces

D.canenterasecond-grademathematicsclass

2.Itistobelievethatthequalityofwaterkeepsunchangedwhen

itiscontainedintwodifferentglasses.

A.easytopersuadechildren

B.hardformostchildren

C.theinnateofmostchildren

D.difficultforbothadultsandchildren

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatchildrenarelikelyto

whentheyareaskedtocountalltheballsofdifferentcolors

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A.givetheaccurateanswer

B.counttheballsofeachcolor

C.betooconfusedtodoanything

D.makeminormistakes

4.Accordingtothispassage,ismasteredbybirth.

A.theabilitytosurviveinadesertisland

B.thewayofsettingtables

C.thebasicprinciplesofmathematics

D.theconceptofoneness

5.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowards“children'snumerical

skills”?

A.Critical.

B.Approving.

C.Questioning.

D.Objective.

1.[C]第1段第3句说的是题干内容，由第4句Soon…句中的fiveknives...

等数字可知孩子会数数了，故可直接选出Co

2.[B]第2段第3句中theyrefused...toconcede...中的they指children,

对比题干与原文意思可知孩子们是“难以相信（理解），故选B。

3.[B]第2段倒数第3句。文章是以pencils为例进行说明的，题目中换成

了balls,但是目的是相同的，都是为了表述儿童更愿意根据颜色的不同来数数，

而不愿数总数，故B正确。A、D都没有提到;C的说法过于绝对，与文章表述也

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不相符。

4.[B]这道题目需要认真理解了文章的意思才能正确作答。第1段的主题是:

有些数字概念是人天生就有的;第2段的主题是:有一些是后天学习获得的。B是

第1段中明确给出的例子，因此这个例子应该支持该段的主题。A错误地理解了

第1段最后举的例子。C