Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise？课时1SectionA（学生版）八年级英语上册讲义（人教版）

Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?目标导航目标导航Words1._______________n.家务劳动；家务事2._______________adv.几乎不；几乎没有3._______________adv.在任何时候；从来；曾经4._______________adv.一次；曾经5._______________adv.两次；两倍6._______________n.（国际）互联网；因特网7._______________n.节目8._______________adj.忙的；满的；充满的9._______________n.摆动；秋千v.（使）摆动；摇摆10._______________adv.大概；或许；可能11._______________adv.最小；最少adj.&pron.最小的；最少的12._______________n.咖啡13._______________n.健康；人的身体（或精神）状态14._______________n.结果；后果15._______________n.百分之……16._______________adj.在线（的）；联网（的）17._______________n.电视节目；电视机18._______________conj.虽然；尽管；即使19._______________prep.以；凭借；穿过20._______________n.头脑；心智21._______________n.身体22._______________adj.&pron.这样的；那样的；类似的23._______________adv.在一起；共同24._______________v.消失；灭亡；死亡25._______________n.作家；作者26._______________n.牙科医生27._______________n.杂志；期刊28._______________adv.然而；不过29._______________prep.&conj.（用以引出比较的第二部分）比30._______________adv.几乎；差不多31._______________pron.没有一个；毫无32._______________adv.较少；较小adj.&pron.较少的；更少的33._______________n.得分；点v.指；指向Phrases1.___________________________几乎从不2.___________________________摇摆舞3.___________________________至少；不少于；起码4.___________________________垃圾食品5.___________________________例如；像……这样6.___________________________多于7.___________________________少于Sentences1.Howoftendoyouexercise?你多久锻炼一次？2.HowoftendoeshewatchTV?他多久看一次电视？3.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?你周末通常做什么？4.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?她周末做什么？5.Doesshegoshopping?她去购物吗？Grammar1.howoften引导的特殊疑问句。2.频率副词的用法。知识精讲知识精讲SectionA1.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?你周末通常做什么？onweekends“在周末”，泛指每个周末，而ontheweekend则表示“在周末，在这个周末”，特指某个周末。☞Ihavepianolessonsonweekends.我周末上钢琴课。（泛指周末）☞Iwillgoshoppingontheweekend.周末我要去购物。（特指本周末）注意：表示“在周末”时，英式英语中用at:atweekends/attheweekend;美式英语中用on：onweekends/ontheweekend②表示“在工作日”用onweekdays。2.helpwithhousework帮忙做家务（1）helpwithsth意为＂帮忙做某事＂。☞Mylittlebrotheroftenhelpswithhouseworkathome.我弟弟经常在家帮忙做家务。【知识拓展】①helpsbwithsth=helpsbtodosth意为＂帮助某人做某事＂。☞IoftenhelphimwithhisEnglish.=Ioftenhelphim(to)learnEnglish.我经常帮他学习英语。②helponeself(tosth)意为＂随便吃/喝（某物）；款待＂。☞Helpyourselftosomefruit.随便吃些水果。③can’t/couldn’thelpdoingsth意为＂情不自禁做某事＂。☞Shecouldn’thelpcrying.她忍不住哭了。（2）housework为不可数名词，意为＂家务劳动；家务活＂，常用短语为：dohousework，意为＂做家务＂。☞Theboydoesn’tlikedoinghousework.这个男孩不喜欢做家务。3.sometimes有时sometimes频度副词，意为＂有时＂。同义短语为attimes。☞Isometimesplayputergames.我有时候玩电脑游戏【易混辨析】sometimes频度副词有时表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，它可位于句首、句中或句末，对它提问用howoften。sometimes名词短语几次；几倍其中time是可数名词，对它提问用howmanytimes。sometime副词某个时候表示某个不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它提问用when。sometime名词短语一段时间表示＂一段时间＂，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词。对它提问用howlong。 ☞SometimesIgetupverylate.有时我起床很晚。 ☞Ihavereadthestorysometimes.这个故事我读了好几遍。 ☞IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.下周的某个时间我要去上海。 ☞I’llstayhereforsometime.我将在这儿待一段时间。sometimes，sometimes，sometime与sometime＂有时＂相聚加s（sometimes），＂几次＂分开带s（sometimes）。相聚为＂某时（sometime）＂，分开＂一段时间（sometime）＂。Millieoftengoestoschoolbybusbut____________hermotherdriveshertoschool.A.sometimes B.sometimes C.sometime D.sometime4.hardlyever几乎从不hardlyever相当于hardly，ever起强调作用。其中hardly用作副词，意为“几乎不/没有”，它本身具有否定意义，不能再与其他否定词连用。☞Shehardlyevereatsanything.她几乎什么都没吃。☞There’shardlyanyfoodleft.几乎没有剩下食物。 【易混辨析】hardly与hard用法例句hardly副词，意为“几乎不”Hehardlyworks.他几乎不工作。hard用作副词，意为＂努力地＂；用作形容词，意为“硬的；困难的”。Heworkshard.他工作努力。Thereweresomehardquestionsontheexampaper.试卷中有些难题。【2020•黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】—CanyoucatchwhatIsaid?—Sorry,Ican________understandyou.A.mostly B.nearly C.hardly5.everyday每天☞Ilikeyoumoreandmoreeveryday.我一天比一天更加喜欢你了。☞Heexerciseseveryday.他每天锻炼。【易混辨析】everyday与everyday用法例句everyday副词短语，作状语，意为＂每天＂，相当于eachday。Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.他每天都看报。everyday形容词，作定语，意为＂日常的＂，相当于daily。TheInternethasbeepartofoureverydaylife.互联网已成为我们日常生活的一部分。Shewatchesthenews_____________sothatshecanlearnaboutpeople’s_____________lifeinotherpartsoftheworld.A.everyday；everyday B.everyday；everyday C.everyday；everyday6.onceaweek每周一次（1）once用作副词，表示次数，意为＂一次＂。次数的表达如下：次数的表达once一次twice两次threetimes三次manytimes很多次表达次数很容易，once，twice单独记，三次以上有规律，基数词后加times就可以。（2）once也可意为＂曾经＂。☞HeoncelivedinAmerica.他曾在美国生活过。【知识拓展】once的固定搭配：atonce立即，马上onceagain再一次onceinawhile偶尔地TheywatchTV____________.A.oneaweek B.onceaweek C.onetheweek D.onceweek7.HowoftendoyouwatchTV?你多久看一次电视？本句是含有特殊疑问词组howoften的特殊疑问句。howoften多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，never，hardly，evereveryday，onceaweek，threetimesaday等。☞—Howoftendoyougotothemovies?你多久去看一次电影？—Onceaweek.一周一次。【易混辨析】特殊疑问句中与how相关的疑问词组用法词组词义用法答语特征howlong多久询问时间多长for/about＋一段时间howoften多久一次询问动作的频率often，twiceaweek等howsoon过多久以后询问时间多久（用于一般将来时）in＋一段时间howfar多远询问距离多远tenminutes’walkhowmany多少询问可数名词数量数词＋可数名词复数howmuch多少询问不可数名词数量数词＋表示量的词＋of＋不可数名词多少钱询问价格数词＋货币单位用howlong，howoften，howsoon，howfar完成下列句子1.—____________haveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreeyears.2.—_____________willheback?—Infiveminutes.3.—______________doyouvisityougrandparents?—Onceaweek.4.—________________shouldIthrowit?—Fivemetres.8....nextweekisquitefullforme...……我下周相当忙……full形容词，此处意为＂忙的＂，其同义词是busy，反义词是free。【知识拓展】（1）full用作形容词，还可意为＂满的；充满的＂，其反义词是empty（空的）。常用短语：befullof意为＂充满……；装满……＂。☞Theclassroomisfullofstudents.教室里满是学生。☞Hecouldonlynodbecausehismouthwasfull.他只能点点头，因为他嘴里塞满了东西。（2）full用作形容词，还可意为＂饱的＂，其反义词是hungry（饥饿的）。☞Ican’teatanymore.Iamquitefull.我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。Yourgardenis____________beautifulflowers.A.fullof B.fullwith C.filledof D.fillwith9.Howe?为什么呢？/怎么会呢？Howe相当于“Why?/Whyisit?/Forwhatreasonorpurpose?”,用于询问某事为什么会发生，或为什么会有某种情况存在，可单独使用，也可接陈述语序的句子。☞Howeyoudidn’ttellmeaboutit?你怎么不告诉我这件事？☞HoweTomdidn’tetotheparty?汤姆怎么没来参加聚会呢？10.Well,howaboutTuesday?那么，周二怎么样？Howabout…?(=Whatabout…?)意为“……怎么样？”，用来向对方征求意见或询问情况。☞Ilikevegetables.How/Whataboutyou?我喜欢蔬菜。你呢？☞It’ssunnytoday.How/Whataboutplayingtennis?今天阳光明媚。去打网球怎么样？—It’safinedaytoday.Howabout____________?—Soundsgreat!A.gohikingB.gotohikeC.goinghiking D.togotohike11.Oh,Ihavetoplaytenniswithmyfriends.噢，我得跟我的朋友打网球。haveto意为“不得不，必须”，其后接动词原形，进行各种句式转换时需借助于助动词。☞Ihavetodomyhomeworknow.我现在不得不做家庭作业。☞Wedon’thavetogotoschoolonSundays.星期天我们不必上学。【易混辨析】haveto与musthaveto不得不，必须，侧重客观需求有人称、数和时态的变化must必须，侧重于主观上自己认为有义务、有必要没有人称和数的变化☞Doesyourmotherhavetogetupearly?你妈妈不得不早起吗？☞Imustgonow.现在我必须走了。12.maybeadv.大概；或许；可能maybe为副词，意为＂大概；或许；可能＂。表示推测，一般位于句首。☞Maybethesenutrientsarehelpfultoyourhealth.或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。☞Maybeheknowsthewaytothezoo.也许他知道去动物园的路。【易混辨析】maybe与maybe用法例句maybe副词，意思是＂也许，可能＂，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybe/Perhapstheweatherwillgetbetter.可能天气会变得好一些。Maybeyouarerightandshemaybealittlelate.或许你说得对，她可能有点晚了。maybemay是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为＂也许是；可能是＂。Maybehe’swrong.=Hemaybewrong.或许他错了。Hemaybeintheoffice.=Maybeheisintheoffice.他或许在办公室。巧记maybe与maybe合并作状语，分开作谓语。舍maybe仍有意，丢maybe可不成。—Lookattheanimalbehindthetree.It_______cat.—________youareright.A.maybe；Maybe B.maybe；MaybeC.maybe；Maybe D.maybe；Maybe13.stayup熬夜stayup是固定短语，意为＂熬夜；不睡觉＂，与situp同义。stayuplate指＂熬夜到很晚，迟睡＂。☞Hestayeduptoolatelastnight.他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。☞Iusedtostayuplatewithmymomandwatchmovies.我过去常和妈妈熬夜看电影。—What’swrongwithyou,Eric?Youlooktired.—I____________toprepare（准备）forthefinalexamlastnight.A.pickedup B.wokeupC.putupD.stayedup14.Heplaysatleasttwiceaweek.least副词＂最小；最少＂，形容词＂最小的；最少的＂，least是little的最高级。短语atleast表示＂至少＂，其反义短语为：atmost至多。☞Hehastheleastmoneyofthethree.这三个人中，他的钱最少。☞Istudyatleastfor6hourseveryday.我每天至少学习6个小时。☞Atleastheshouldsaythanks.他至少应该说声谢谢。【知识拓展】（1）least还可作副词，与形容词或副词的原级构成最高级，表示＂最不……＂。☞Bruceistheleastoutgoingofthethreeboys.布鲁斯是三个男孩中最内向的。（2）least的反义词为most，其常见的词组为：atmost意为＂至多＂。☞Thebookisatmostfiveyuan.这本书至多五元。Thereare____________threethousandpeopleinthepark.A.atonce B.atallC.atleastD.ataleast能力拓展能力拓展一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．Ifailedtheexambutat________(little),Ihadtriedmybest.2．TheEnglishmanspokesofastthatIcould________(hard)understandhim.3．Someofmyclassmatesdon'tliketogo________(shop).4．Heoften_______________(watch)hisfavoriteprogram.5．Howabout______________(dance)withhimthisevening?6．Hismothergoesshoppingthree______________(time)aweek.7．SometimesMs.Hand_________(have)lunchatschool.8．TheGreensalways_________(read)newspapersinthemorning.9．Kate_________(go)tothelibraryonceaweek.10．AtschoolTomnever_________(play)sports.二、完成句子11．我那么害怕以至于几乎不能清楚地思考。Iwas____afraid____I________thinkclearly.12．每天我们至少锻炼一小时。Weexercise______________________________anhouraday.13．Howoften________yourfather________(do)thehousework?14．EveryeveningHelen________________(帮着做家务)athome.15．Maria,doyouoften________________(逛商店)?三、句型转换16．Igototheschoollibrarytwiceaweek.(对划线部分提问)________________doyougototheschoollibrary?17．Mygrandmaexercisesintheparkeveryafternoon.

(对划线部分提问)__________________yourgrandma_________intheparkeveryafternoon?18．Mr.Smithsleepssevenhourseverynight.

(对划线部分提问)___________________________doesMr.Smithsleepeverynight?19．Doesyouruncleeatvegetableseveryday?

(补全肯定答语)Yes,__________________.20．Mr.Greenoftengoesfishingonweekends.

(改为一般疑问句)_________Mr.Greenoften_________fishingonweekends?分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练一、单选题1．SomestudentswatchTV_________aweek.A．two B．twice C．thetwo D．twotime2．SomestudentscandoverywellinEnglishexams,butsometimestheycan________understandwhatanativespeakersays.A．exactly B．simply C．easily D．hardly3．HowoftendoesTom____TV?He____TVthreetimesaweek.A．watches,watches B．watch,watchesC．watches,watch D．watched,watch4．—____________doyougotothecinema?—Onceamonth.A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howoften D．Howmuch5．—Howoftendoyouchatwithyourfriendsonline?—.I'mbusywithmystudy.A．Onlyonemonth. B．Abouttwiceamonth.C．Almosteveryday. D．Maybeintwoweeks.6．Whatdoesheusuallydo________weekends?A．in B．on C．for D．of7．—______dotheygotothecountrysidetoexercise?—Hardlyever.A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howsoon D．Howoften8．He______latetowatchafootballmatchlastnight.A．gotup B．stayedup C．putup D．cutup9．Justdoit,Cindy.____you’retherightpersonforthejob.A．Also B．Almost C．Maybe D．Later10．I______gettoschoolbybike.A．sometime B．sometime C．sometimes D．sometimes题组B能力提升练二、阅读单选Teenagersbelieveanythingispossibleiftheystudyhard.Buttheyoftenforgettothinkabouthealthydiets,enoughsleeptimeandexercise.Infact,thesethingsarereallyimportantforthemtokeepfit.Itisimportantforteenagerstogetenoughenergy.Teenagegirlsneedabout2,200caloriesadaywhileboysneedabitmore—doctorssuggest2,800forteenageboys.50%oftheircaloriesshouldefromhealthyfood—rice,vegetablesandfruit.Peopleoftensayanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Teenagersalsoneedtodrinkalotofwater,6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwaterwillimprovetheirskin.Teenagersusuallyneedeighttotenhours’sleepatnight,butmanyChineseteenagersdonotgetenoughsleep.Areportshowsthatwithoutagoodnight’ssleep,teenagersseemtobeweakerthantheyshouldbe.Toomuchhomeworkisnottheonlyreasonwhyteenagersstayuplate.SomewatchTVorplayputergameslateintothenight.Teenagersshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Sosomecleverstudentsneverstudylate,buttheyareabletoworkwellinclass.Exerciseissomethingthatcanhelpthem.Expertssuggestthatteenagersshouldspendatleast30minutesexercisingaday,fivetimesaweek.Theywillfeelrelaxedwhentheyexercise.Itcanevenhelpthemsleepbetteratnight.11．Howmanythingsareimportantforteenagerstokeepfit?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.12．Halfoftheircaloriesshouldefrom.A．rice,vegetablesandfruit B．rice,vegetablesandmeatC．rice,vegetablesandwater D．milkandmeat13．Thelastparagraph(段)mainlytalksabout.A．sleepingbetter B．basicenergyC．necessaryexercise D．moreexercise14．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Boysneedmuchmorecaloriesthangirls. B．Teenagersneedtodrink6to8glassesofwateraday.C．Somecleverstudentsneverstudylate. D．Theywillfeelrelaxedwhentheyexercise.15．Thepassagetellsteenagershowto.A．eatanddrinkwell B．studyhard C．keepfit D．drinkwell三、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Joylovesinstantnoodles(方便面)．Sheeatsthematleast16．(one)aweek.Shehasawaytomakethemmoredelicious.She17．(write)，“AlthoughIknowitisnotgood18．metoeatalot，Istillloveinstantnoodles—Ithinktheyarecheapanddelicious.WhenIcook19．(they)，Ioftenadd(加)somethingtomakethemmoredelicious.”“Idiscard(丢弃)theirflavorings(调味品)．Imakethe‘flavoring’by20．(my)．WhenIcookthenoodles，Ialwaysput21．egginthem.Iloveeggs.Theyareoneofmy22．(favorite)．SometimesIputsomepiecesofmeat.I23．putsomevegetables，sometimescabbagesandsometimesbroccoli.YesterdayItriedtomatoes.They24．(taste)great！NexttimeI'dliketotrysomebeans.25．Ienjoyinstantnoodles，Ioftengoforawalkinthepark.Ifeelgreat.”四、完型填空Mariaismyfriend.Shehadbad26twoyearsago.Forexample，shegotuplateandhad27forbreakfast.Shedisliked28schoolactivities.After29homefromschool，sheusuallyplayedputergamesand30shewatchedTV.She31drankmilk，andsheatejunkfoodthree32fivetimesaweek.Thenoneday，shegotsick.Shehadtobeinhospital33．Itmadeher34thatshemustlookafterherselfwell.NowMariahas35habits.Shegetsupearlyand36everymorning.Sheusuallyrunsforaboutanhour.Thenshehasa37breakfast.Atschoolsheplaysallkindsofsports.Shehardlyeverplaysputergames38watchesTV.Shedrinksacupofmilk39goingtobed.Thesegoodhabits40herkeephealthyandstudywell.26．A．games B．friends C．programs D．habits27．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything28．A．todo B．doing C．do D．did29．A．getting B．toget C．got D．gets30．A．always B．sometimes C．never D．hardly31．A．always B．often C．hardlyever D．sometimes32．A．from B．on C．too D．to33．A．onceaweek B．twoweeksago C．forthreeweeks D．twiceaweek34．A．feeling B．feel C．felt D．feels35．A．bad B．well C．bored D．good36．A．sleeps B．exercises C．eats D．plays37．A．easy B．hungry C．healthy D．free38．A．and B．but C．or D．though39．A．after B．when C．during D．before40．A．tell B．he