2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld课时作业2含解析牛津译林版必修第三册

PAGEUnit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld课时分层作业(十一)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Jillwassittingonthefloorsurrounded(surround)byboxes.2．Willyoupermityoursontocome(come)withustonight?3．Excusemyignorance(ignore)，buthowdoesthismachinework?4．Theteachergavemepermission(permit)togohomeearly.5．Althoughsheisyoung，shehasastrongsenseofresponsibility(responsible).6．Thepaintingsstolen(steal)fromthemuseumhaven'tbeenfoundyet.7．Shedidn'twantherchildrentaken(take)outbyherhusbandafterdark.8．OnSundayshelikedworkingintheroomwiththedoorlocked(lock).9．Founded(found)in1636，HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.10．Everythingtaken(take)intoconsideration，theybelievedthemselvesmoreandreturnedtotheirpositions.Ⅱ.完形填空ThereIstoodwithtearsinmyeyes，Ilookedatafacewhichwasso__1__thatImightmistakeitforown.Istaredatherin__2__．Itfeltlikeadream.Ihuggedher；shewasreal.Adoptedataveryyoungage，I__3__surroundedbypeoplelovedasfamily.However，thefacesweren'tlikemine.Theywerepeoplethatlovedme.AsIgotolder，thecuriositytolearnmoreaboutmyselftookholdanddidn't__4__．WhowasI？WheredidIcomefrom?Attheageof21，Iwasgiventhechanceto__5__itoutthankstomyadoptiveparents'__6__．Theyaccompaniedmetotheadoptionagency.Thenthestaffexplainedtheprocessoffindingmybirthmother.Buttheprocesswas__7__andIdidn'texpecttherewouldbemanycomplexprocedures.Andtheagencyalsohadcautiontomovetheprocedurestoensurebothparties'privacyespecially__8__mybirthmotherdidn'tchoosetomeetme.Monthslatertheagencytoldmethatmybirthmotherwasfoundandthatshe__9__tomeetme.Wewereexcited.Myparentssaidmybirthmothermadegreatsacrificeasshegavemeaway，whichallowedthemtosupportthefamily.Otherwise，itwouldn'thavebeenpossibleontheirown.Iwas__10__whatmybirthmothermightbedoingandwhatshemightlooklike.Icreateda(n)__11__inmyhead.Afteralongprocess，themomentfinallycame—wewereto__12__．So，therewewere，inaroom.Ifoundwehadmuchsimilarity：wesharedasenseofhumor；we__13__oldpictures，findingbothlikethe“V”gesture.Sheapologizedforanyproblemswithmyfrizzy(卷曲的)，crazyhairand__14__herself.Welaughed，whenadmittingbothwereinacloserelationshipwithflatirons(熨斗)becauseoffrequentlyhandlingthewildnessofourhair.Shesaidshehadmadea(n)__15__decision，whenwatchingmeleavewithonlythehopethatanotherfamilycouldprovidewhatshecouldn't.Shesaidshehesitatedforlongbutknewshewasright，Iknewshelovedmeverymuch.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了从小被收养的“我”找寻亲人的经验。“我”从小就被收养，收养“我”的家人对“我”很好，但是“我”始终希望找到自己的亲人。21岁时，在养父母和领养机构的帮助下，“我”见到了“我”的亲生母亲。1．A.familiar B．uglyC．old D．unclearA[考查形容词词义辨析。依据下文“Imightmistakeitforown(我可能会误以为那是我自己的脸)”可推理知，作者看到的是一张熟识的脸。故选A项。]2．A.sorrow B．angerC．disbelief D．panicC[考查名词词义辨析。依据下文“Itfeltlikeadream.(感觉就像做梦一样。)”可知，作者此时的心理活动应是不敢信任的。disbelief意为“不信任”，符合语境，故选C项。]3．A.stoodup B．cameupC．warmedup D．grewupD[考查动词短语辨析。依据上文“Adoptedataveryyoungage(从小就被收养)”可推理出，下文要叙述长大过程中被家人的爱包围着。grewup意为“长大”，符合上下文逻辑关系，故选D项。]4．A.help B．stopC．increase D．arriveB[考查动词词义辨析。依据and前的tookhold可知，我被新奇心牢牢抓住，可以推理出and后表示“新奇心从没停止过”。didn'tstop意为“没有停止过”，符合语境，故选B项。]5．A.figure B．pickC．turn D．sortA[考查动词词义辨析。依据下文“Theyaccompaniedmetotheadoptionagency.Thenthestaffexplainedtheprocessoffindingmybirthmother.(他们陪我去领养机构。然后工作人员说明了找到我生母的过程)”可知，作者有了找到亲人的机会。figureout意为“想出；理解；弄清”，符合语境，故选A项。]6．A.request B．appreciationC．support D．forgivenessC[考查名词词义辨析。依据下文“Theyaccompaniedmetotheadoptionagency(他们陪我去领养机构)”可知，作者的家人支持作者去找寻亲人，“thankstomyadoptiveparents'support”意为“多亏我的养父母的支持”，符合语境。故选C项。]7．A.important B．discouragingC．different D．abstractB[考查形容词词义辨析。依据上文“Theyaccompaniedmetotheadoptionagency.Thenthestaffexplainedtheprocessoffindingmybirthmother.(他们陪我去领养机构。然后工作人员说明了找到我生母的过程)”及其后的转折词but可知，此句表达的是这个过程不如作者所愿，discouraging意为“令人懊丧的”，符合此处的语言色调。故选B项。]8．A.nowthat B．incaseC．eventhough D．onlyifB[考查连词词义辨析。依据空后的“mybirthmotherdidn'tchoosetomeetme(我的生母没有选择与我见面)”可知，此处应运用incase引导的条件状语从句。incase引导条件状语从句时意为“万一；假如”，符合语境。故选B项。]9．A.continued B．managedC．agreed D．happenedC[考查动词词义辨析。依据第五段中的“So，therewewere，inaroom.(所以，我们在一个房间里见面了)”可知，机构找到了我的生母并且她同意与我见面。故选C项。]10．A.wondering B．consultingC．guaranteeing D．anticipatingA[考查动词词义辨析。依据下文“Icreateda(n)________inmyhead.(我在脑子里想象着画面)”及上下文可知，作者从小被收养并始终期望能见到亲人，在得知可以见到生母时，我很新奇她是做什么的及长什么样，所以在脑中勾画画面。故选A项。]11．A.schedule B．dreamC．picture D．errorC[考查名词词义辨析。依据上文“whatshemightlooklike(她可能长什么样)”及下文的“inmyhead”可知，此处表示作者在脑海中想象着画面。picture意为“图画”，符合语境。故选C项。]12．A.register B．reuniteC．review D．restB[考查动词词义辨析。依据上文“Afteralongprocess，themomentfinallycame(经过一个漫长的等待过程，这一刻最终到来了)”及下文“So，therewewere，inaroom.(所以，我们在一个房间里见面了)”可知，作者和生母团聚了。reunite意为“团聚”，符合语境。故选B项。]13．A.shared B．lostC．bought D．changedA[考查动词词义辨析。依据下文“findingbothlikethe‘V’gesture(发觉我们都喜爱比‘V’手势)”可知，作者和生母在共享老照片。故选A项。]14．A.taught B．blamedC．dressed D．treatedB[考查动词词义辨析。依据上文“Sheapologizedforanyproblemswithmyfrizzy，crazyhair(她为我蓬乱的发丝以及其他方面的问题致歉)”可知，生母对作者怀有歉意。由此可推断出此处表示生母自责，blameoneself意为“自责”，符合语境。故选B项。]15．A.necessary B．quickC．impossible D．difficultD[考查形容词词义辨析。依据下文“Shesaidshehesitatedforlong(她说她迟疑了很久)”可知，作者生母作出弃养我的确定时是非常艰难的。difficult意为“困难的”，符合语境。故选D项。]Ⅲ.语法填空The2024NobelPrizeinPhysicswasawardedtothreescientists—includingonewoman—for1.______(advance)thescienceoflasers(激光)andthecreationofextremelyusefultoolsoutoflaserbeams(束).The2.________(winner)areArthurAshkin，96，aretiredAmericanphysicist，GérardMourou，74，fromFrance，andDonnaStrickland，59，inCanada.Ashkinwinshalfoftheprizefor3.________developmentof“opticaltweezers”，atypeoftechnologythatallowsscientiststoseizeatoms，virusesandbacteriainfinger­likelaserbeams.MourouandStricklandeach4.________(receive)aquarteroftheprizefortheirworkthatpavedthewayfortheshortest，mostpowerfullaserbeamsever5.________(create).Astonishingly，Stricklandis6.________(simple)thethirdwomantohaveeverwontheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Theprizehasnotbeenawardedtoawomansince19637.________MariaGoeppert­Mayerwonforherworkonatomicstructure.Thatwas55yearsago！Theonlytimeawomanwasawardedtheprizebeforethatwasin1903.ThewomanwasMarieCuriewhowonforherworkonradioactivity.DuringtheNobelPrizePressConferenceTuesdaymorning，Strickland8.________(remind)byareporterthatshewasthejustthirdwomantowin，andshewasamazedbecauseshethoughttherewereeversomanyfemalescientistswhoweremoreexcellent9.________her.Shesaid，“Weneedtocelebratewomenphysicistsbecausewe'reoutthere.Iam10.________(hope)that，intime，itwillstarttomoveforwardatafasterrate.”【语篇解读】本文为新闻报道。三名科学家因其在激光物理学领域的突破性独创获得2024年诺贝尔物理学奖。1．advancing[考查非谓语动词。空前的介词for确定空处要填名