人教版九年级全一册英语unit5语法精讲-一般现在时的被动语态

语法精讲——一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态知识点01概念【语法详解】语态的概念：在英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。WespeakEnglish.我们讲英语。(主动语态)Englishisspokenbyus.英语被我们讲。(被动语态)一般现在时的被动语态：表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。知识点02句型结构【语法详解】一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构(1)肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他Thedeskismadebyhim,这张桌子是他做的。(2)否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词+其他,Thedeskisn'tmadebyhim.这张桌子不是他做的。(3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?Isthedeskmadebyhim?这张桌子是他做的吗?(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?Whereisthedeskmadebyhim?这张桌子是他在哪儿做的?知识点03被动语态的用法【语法详解】被动语态的用法：(1)当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或是没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,可用被动语态Thisdeskismadeofwood.这张桌子是由木头制成的。(2)强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。Herbikeisstolen.她的自行车被偷了。知识点04主动语态改成被动语态【语法详解】主动语态改成被动语态转换步骤第一步:先确定主动句中的主语、谓语和宾语,找出其中的谓语动词。第二步:把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变为被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词,应把宾格变为主格。第三步:把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be十及物动词的过去分词”,但时态不能改变。第四步:把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可省略),若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格。知识点05必背过去分词词义动词原形过去式过去分词唤醒，醒来awake

awokeawoken

是bewas,werebeen

忍受，承受bearboreborn

打，拍打beatbeatbeaten

改变，变化becomebecamebecome

开始beginbeganbegun

打赌betbetbet

吹blowblewblown

打破，破坏breakbrokebroken

带来bringbroughtbrought

建造buildbuiltbuilt

燃烧，烧毁burnburned/burntburned/burnt

购买buyboughtbought

捕捉，赶上，感染catchcaughtcaught

选择choosechosechosen

来comecamecome

花费costcostcost

切，割cutcutcut

处理，应付dealdealtdealt

做dodiddone

绘画drawdrewdrawn

做梦，梦想dream

dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt开车，驾驶，驱使drivedrovedriven

喝，喝酒drink

drankdrunk吃eatateeaten

落下，倒下fallfellfallen

喂，饲养feedfedfed

感觉feelfeltfelt

打架，对抗fightfoughtfought

发现，找到findfoundfound

适合fitfitfit

逃跑fleefledfled

飞，飞翔，飘扬flyflewflown

禁止forbidforbadeforbidden忘记forgetforgotforgotten

原谅forgiveforgaveforgiven

（使）冻结；愣住freezefrozefrozen

得到，到达，变得getgotgotten

给，给予givegavegiven

去，走gowentgone

种植，生长，发展growgrewgrown

悬挂，垂下hanghunghung

有，怀有havehadhad

听到，倾听hearheardheard

躲藏hidehidhidden

击中hithithit

把握，持续，holdheldheld

（使）伤害，刺痛hurthurthurt

保持，继续keepkeptkept

知道，得知knowknewknown

放置，铺设；下蛋laylaidlaid

带领，率领leadledled

学习；得知learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt离开；留下leaveleftleft

借给，贷款给lendlentlent

让；出租letletlet

躺着，位于lielaylain

点燃lightlitlighted

失去loselostlost

制作，制造makemademade

意思是；想要meanmeantmeant

遇见；满足meetmetmet

吃得过多overeatoverateovereaten错误mistakemistookmistaken

支付，偿还paypaidpaid

摆，放，安置putputput

复述；再讲retellretoldretold重建；改造；复原rebuildrebuiltrebuilt阅读readreadread

骑，乘坐rideroderidden

按铃；铃声响ringrangrung

升起；起床riseroserisen

跑；行驶；运转runranrun说话saysaidsaid

看见seesawseen

寻找seeksoughtsought

卖，出卖sellsoldsold发送；寄；派遣sendsentsent

放，安置，确定setsetset

摇晃，摇摆shakeshookshaken

照耀，发光shineshoneshone

给……穿鞋；给马钉铁蹄shoeshoedshoed/shod射击shootshotshot

表示，显示，露面showshowedshowed/shown

关闭shutshutshut

唱歌singsangsung

下沉，沉没sinksanksunk

坐，就坐；坐落sitsatsat

嗅，闻；察觉到smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smelt睡，睡觉sleepsleptslept

滑动，滑落slideslidslid

讲话speakspokespoken

速度speedspedsped

吐痰；吐口水；吐出spitspit/spatspit/spat传播，散布；展开spreadspreadspread花费spendspentspent

站、立，坐落，忍受standstoodstood

偷窃stealstolestolen

插入，刺入；粘贴stickstuckstuck

串起，缚，扎stringstrungstrung

打扫，扫除sweepsweptswept

游泳swimswamswum

拿，取，抓taketooktaken

教，教学，讲授teachtaughttaught

撕扯teartoretorn

告诉telltoldtold

思想，考虑thinkthoughtthought

投，掷，抛，丢throwthrewthrown

理解understandunderstoodunderstood叫醒，弄醒wakewokewoken

穿着，戴；磨损wearworeworn

赢得，获胜winwonwon

写，书写writewrotewritten

【经典练】1．（2023·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,computers________inclassnow.A．use B．used C．areused2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A．isloved B．wasloved C．willlove D．isloving3．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Teaisverypopularintheworld.It________inmanydifferentareasinChinanow.A．produces B．produced C．isproduced D．wasproduced4．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A．areplanted B．wereplanted C．plant D．planted5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A．hits B．ishit C．ishitting D．willbehit6．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．provided C．isprovided D．wasprovided7．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A．speak B．isspoken C．isspeaking D．speaks8．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?—Ofcourse.Chinese________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldnowadays.A．spoke B．isspoken C．speaks D．wasspoken9．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Manytreesandflowers________everyyeartomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A．plant B．areplanted C．wereplanted10．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）Agreatnumberofbeautifulflowers________onthesecondringroadinChengduthesedays.A．plant B．areplanted C．areplanting

答案1．（2023·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,computers________inclassnow.A．use B．used C．areused【答案】C【详解】句意：随着技术的发展，计算机现在在课堂上使用。考查被动语态。主语computers和谓语use“使用”之间是被动关系，用被动语态bedone。故选C。2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A．isloved B．wasloved C．willlove D．isloving【答案】A【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。3．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Teaisverypopularintheworld.It________inmanydifferentareasinChinanow.A．produces B．produced C．isproduced D．wasproduced【答案】C【详解】句意：茶在世界上很受欢迎。现在中国许多不同的地区都产茶。考查被动语态。根据now可知，此句是一般现在时，主语It与动词produce之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/aredone的结构，故选C。4．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A．areplanted B．wereplanted C．plant D．planted【答案】A【详解】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。考查时态和语态。主语“morekindsofflowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“everyyear”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/aredone。故选A。5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A．hits B．ishit C．ishitting D．willbehit【答案】B【详解】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。6．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．provided C．isprovided D．wasprovided【答案】C【详解】句意：这个村子每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语Breakfast是动作provide的承受者，结合“everyday”可知，是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。7．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A．speak B．isspoken C．isspeaking D．speaks【答案】B【详解】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。8．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?—Ofcourse.C