新视野大学英语（第三版）读写教程3（思政智慧版） 课件 B3U4 Text A 课文详解;Text B 课文详解

SectionATextstudyLanguageFocusTextReadingDetailedStudyoftheTextWordBuildingTranslationSkillThesurprisingpurposeoftravel1It’s4:15inthemorning,andmyalarmclockhasjuststolenawayalovelydream.IalmostreturnbacktosleepbeforemyeyecatchesmypackedsuitcaseandIgroan,rememberingthatI’mgoingtotheairport.

Thetaxiislateandthenlost,andI’m

gettingincreasinglynervousthatI’llmissmyflight.Iruninwhenwearrive,stagger

throughsecurityandfinallygettomygate.TextReadingSectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel

Afterallthetroubleofthismorning,myflightiscanceledandI’mstuckinthisterminalforthenext218minutes,andmyonly

consolationisacupofcomplimentaryairportcoffee.Thisistraveling,a

burdensome

seriesofrunningandwaiting,andaftercountlesshours,finallygettingthere.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel2Whydowetravel?Idon’tmindtheactualflying,thewonderofbeingairborneina

densemetalbird.Therestofthejourney,however,canfeellikeatediouslessonintheillsofmodernity,fromthepredawnx-ray

screeningtothesadairportmallssellingclustersofkeepsakes.It’stheresultofa

globalizedworld,anditsucks.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel3Sometimes,ofcourse,wetravelbecauseweneedto.Becauseinthisdigitalage,

thereisstillsomethingimportantaboutthe

handshakeatabusinessluncheon.Or

eatingmom’sspecialfoodonThanksgiving.Orseeingyourgirlfriendonyour2-year

anniversary.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel4Butmosttravelisdecidedlyoptional.Onlycorporatetravel,about30%oftripsover50miles,istrulycompulsory.Instead,wetravelbecausewewantto,becausetheannoyancesoftheairportareoffsetbythethrillofbeingsomeplacenew.Because

workisstressfulandourbloodpressureistoo

highandweneedavacationsomewheretropical.Becausehomeisboring.Becausetheflightsareonsale.BecauseParisisParis.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel5Thankstomodernaviation,wecannowmovethroughspaceataninhumanspeed.Forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,wecanoutrunthesunandmovefromone

hemispheretoanotherinasingleday.Ofcourse,it’snotenoughtosimplygetonaplane.Ifwewanttorealizethecreativebenefitsoftravel,thenwehavetore-thinkitsoverallpurpose.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelMostpeople,afterall,escapetoParissotheydon’thavetothinkaboutthosetroublestheyleftbehind.Buthere’stheirony:OurmindismostlikelytosolveourmoststubbornproblemswhilewearesittinginluxuryinaLeftBankcafé.So,insteadofcontemplatingthatbutterydessert,weshouldbeconsciousofthosedomesticissueswejustcan’tsolve.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel6Thelargerlesson,though,isthatourthoughtsaresaturatedwiththefamiliar.Thebrainisaspaceofnearinfinitepossibility,whichmeansthatitspendsalotoftimeandenergychoosingwhatnottonotice.Asaresult,creativityistradedawayforefficiency;wethinkinfinite,literal

prose,notsymbolicverse.Abitofdistance,however,helpsloosenthecognitivechainsthatimprisonus,makingiteasiertominglethenewwiththeold;themundaneisgraspedfromaslightlymoreabstractperspective.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel

Accordingtoresearch,theexperienceofanexoticcultureendowsuswithavaluableopenmindedness,makingiteasiertorealizethatevenatrivialthingcanhavemultiplemeanings.Considertheactofleavingfoodontheplate:InChina,thisisoftenseenasacompliment,asignalthatthehosthasprovidedenoughtoeat.ButinAmericathesameactisasubtleinsult,anindicationthatthefoodwasn’tgoodenoughtofinish.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel7Suchmulticulturalcontrastsmeanthatseasonedtravelersareopentoambiguity,willingtorealizethattherearedecidedlydifferent(andequallyvalid)waysofinterpretingtheworld.This,inturn,allowsthemtoexpandthecircumferenceoftheir“cognitiveinputs”astheyrefusetosettlefortheirfirstanswersandinitialguesses.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel8Ofcourse,thismentalflexibilitydoesn’tcomefrommeredistance,asimplechangeinlatitudeandlongitude.Instead,thisrenaissanceofcreativityappearstobeasideeffectofdifference:Weneedtochangecultures,toexperiencethedisorientingdiversityofhumantraditions.Thesamefacetsofforeigntravelthataresoconfusing(DoItipthewaiter?Whereisthistraintakingme?)turnouttohavealastingimpact,makingusmorecreativebecausewe’relessinsular.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel

We’reremindedofallthatwedon’tknow,whichisnearlyeverything;we’resurprisedbytheconstantstreamofsurprises.Eveninthisglobalizedage,wecanstillbeamazedatalltheearthlythingsthatweren’tincludedintheLet’sGoguidebookandthatcertainlydon’texistbackhome.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel9So,let’snotpretendthattraveldoesn’thaveitsdrawbacks,orthatweendurejetlagforpleasure.Wedon’tspend10hourslostintheLouvrebecausewelikeit,andtheviewfromthetopofMachuPicchuprobablydoesn’tmakeupforthetroubleoflostluggage.(Moreoftenthannot,Ineedavacationaftermyvacation.)SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelWetravelbecauseweneedto,becausedistanceanddifferencearethesecretcornerstonesofcreativity.Whenwegethome,homeisstillthesame.Butsomethinginourmindhasbeenchanged,andthatchangeseverything.SectionASectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelgroan:vi.makealonglowsound,e.g.becauseyouareinpainorunhappy（因痛苦或烦恼等）呻吟，发出哼哼声他讲的笑话很糟糕，我们都发出不满的抱怨声。Weallgroanedathisterriblejokes.DetailedStudyoftheText词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelgroan:v.speakaboutsth.inawaythatshowsyouareunhappy抱怨我关掉电视时，孩子们都在抱怨。

ThekidsallgroanedwhenIswitchedofftheTV.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelgroan:

n.[C]alonglowsoundthatapersonmakes,esp.whentheyareinpainorunhappy（尤指疼痛或烦恼时的）呻吟，哼哼声汤姆坐起来，呻吟着，肩膀的疼痛穿透了他的身体。

Tomsatupwithagroan,asthepaininhisshouldershotthroughhisbody.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelconsole:vt.trytomakesb.feelbetterwhentheyareunhappyordisappointed安慰“没关系。”安妮安慰她说。“Nevermind,”Anneconsoledher.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelconsolation:n.[C,U]sth.thatmakesyoufeellessunhappyordisappointed安慰；慰藉我们需要成为彼此的天使，互相给予力量和安慰。Weneedtobeangelsforeachother,togiveeachotherstrengthandconsolation.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelburdensome:a.(fml.)creatingproblemsforsb.令人烦恼的；成为负担的法国和德国的许多公司早就发现就业成本极其沉重。ManyfirmsinFranceandGermanyalreadyfindthecostofemploymentextremelyburdensome.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelairborne:a.

anaircraftthatisairborneisintheair在空中的；飞行中的我们的飞机已经离开跑道，在空中飞行。Ourplanehasliftedofftherunwayandisnowairborne.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelairborne:a.

carriedintheair空气传播的许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏，比如花粉。Manypeopleareallergictoairbornepollutantssuchaspollen.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelairborne:a.2carriedintheair空气传播的(2)许多人对空气传播的污染物过敏，比如花粉。Manypeopleareallergictoairbornepollutantssuchaspollen.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveldense:a.

veryheavyinrelationtoitssize（物质）密度大的死海海水密度很大，即使不会游泳的游客也能在水面漂浮。ThewaterintheDeadSeaissodensethateventouristswhocan’tswimwillbeabletofloat.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveldense:a.

withalotoftrees,plants,orleavesgrowingclosetogether茂密的丛林密得人都无法穿越。Thejungleissodensethatyoucannotwalkthroughit.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveldense:a.

densesmokeorgasissothickthatitisdifficulttoseethroughit（烟雾或气体）浓密的浓雾包住了群山。Thehillswereenvelopedindensefog.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcluster:n.[C]asmallgroupofpeopleorthingsthatareveryclosetoeachother群；组；束；串；簇这种植物开花成簇。Theplantbearsitsflowersinclusters.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcluster:v.formasmallclosegroup群集；聚集乘客们三五成群聚在一起。Thepassengersclusteredtogetherinsmallgroups.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcluster:v.formasmallclosegroup群集；聚集(2)乘客们三五成群聚在一起。v.Thepassengersclusteredtogetherinsmallgroups.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelglobalize:vt.

makesth.becomegenerallyacceptedallovertheworld使全球化随着经济的发展，全球化进程会继续深入。Astheeconomydevelops,itwillcontinuetoglobalize.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelglobalize:vt.

makeabusinessbeginoperatingallovertheworld使（企业）全球化随着日本企业向全球扩展业务，他们希望招聘更多既会日语又会说其他语言的外国学生。AsJapanesecompaniespushtoglobalizetheiroperations,they’rekeentohiremoreforeignstudentswhospeaklanguagesotherthanJapanese.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelglobalized:a.includingoraffectingthewholeworld全球性的在这个全球化的世界里，种族主义是不应存在的。Thereshouldbenoplaceforracisminthisglobalizedworld.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelanniversary:n.[C]adatewhenyoucelebratesth.thathappenedinapreviousyearthatisimportanttoyou纪念日；周年纪念那对夫妇每年都要稍微庆祝一下他们的结婚纪念日。Thatcouplealwaysholdsalittlecelebrationeveryyearontheirweddinganniversary.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveldecidedly:ad.

inawaythatisimpossibletodoubtandeasytosee确实无疑地；显然他对跟我说的那些话显然非常小心谨慎。Hewasdecidedlycarefulaboutwhathetoldme.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveldecidedly:

ad.inawaythatshowsyouareverycertainaboutsth.坚决地；果断地下定决心，果断行动，并承担后果。在这世界上犹豫不决是成就不了任何事。Makeupyourmindtoactdecidedlyandtaketheconsequences.Nogoodiseverdoneinthisworldbyhesitation.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcorporate:

a.

(onlybeforenoun)relatingtolargecompanies,ortoaparticularlargecompany大公司的他们希望看到更多的女性在管理或职业的阶梯上占据高位。Theywanttoseemorewomentaketheirplacehigherupthecorporateorprofessionalladder.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcorporate:a.

(fml.)sharedbyorincludingallthemembersofagroup全体的；集体的集体的力量是无穷的，而个人的力量是有限的。Thestrengthofthecorporateisboundless,whilethatoftheindividualisverylimited.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcompulsory:

a.

sth.thatiscompulsorymustbedonebecauseofaruleorlaw必须做的；义务的；强制的俄语在学校课程设置中是一门必修的外语课。Russianistheonecompulsoryforeignlanguageontheschoolcurriculum.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveloffset:

vt.(offset,offset)(usu.passive)balancetheeffectofsth.,withtheresultthatthereisnoadvantageordisadvantage抵消；补偿损益相抵。Thegainsoffsetthelosses.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveloffset:

n.[C]sth.thatbalancestheeffectofsth.else,sothatthereisnoadvantageordisadvantage抵消物；补偿病人的医疗保险抵减住院费用。Thepatient’smedicalinsuranceisanoffsetagainst

hospitalizationexpenses.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveltropical:

a.inorfromthehottestpartsoftheworld热带的；来自热带的巴西属于热带气候，终年阳光明媚。Brazilhasatropicalclimatewithyear-roundsunshine.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelon

sale:(esp.AmE)availabletobeboughtatalowerpricethanusual廉价出售的毛衣减价销售，我买了四件只花了30美元。Sweaterswereonsale,andIgotfourforonly$30.短语应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelaviation:

n.[U]thepracticeofflyingplanes航空；飞行（术）令航空公司最头痛的事就是航空燃料价格的上涨。Theairline’sbiggestheadacheistheincreaseinthepriceofaviationfuel.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelhemisphere:

n.[C]

onehalfoftheearth,dividedbetweennorthandsouthbythe

equator（地球的）半球对北半球的人来说一月份和二月份是一年中最冷的时候。JanuaryandFebruaryarethecoldesttimeoftheyearforpeopleinthenorthernhemisphere.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelhemisphere:

n.

onehalfofthebrain,dividedbetweenleftandright大脑半球右脑控制想象力和创造力。Therighthemisphereofbraincontrolsimaginationandcreativity.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelirony:

n.

[C,U]astrange,funny,orsadsituationinwhichthingshappenin

theoppositewaytowhatyouwouldexpect具有讽刺意味的事；出乎意料的事；啼笑皆非的事讽刺的是，当他最终得到那份工作时，他发现自己并不喜欢它。Theironyisthatwhenhefinallygotthejob,hediscoveredhedidn’tlikeit.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelirony:

n.

[U]aformofhumorinwhichyouusewordstoexpresstheoppositeofwhatthewordsreallymean反语；反话；讥讽他向来是个擅长讽刺的演员。Hehasalwaysbeenanactorwhoexcelsinirony.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelstubborn:

a.

verydifficulttochangeordefeat难以改变的；难以击败的；顽强的妈妈在清除厨房中最顽固的污渍。Motheriscleaningoutthemoststubbornstainsinthekitchen.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelstubborn:

a.

determinednottochangeyourmind,evenwhenpeoplethinkyou

arebeingunreasonable（人）固执的，执拗的，倔强的他固执地不接受任何新事物，最终让上司失去了耐心。Hisstubbornresistancetoanythingneweventuallyworeoutthepatienceofhissuperiors.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcontemplate:

v.thinkverycarefullyaboutsth.foralongtime思忖；思量；仔细考虑她躺在床上仔细考虑了很久究竟该学文科还是理科。Shelayinbedcontemplatingforalongtimewhethertostudyliberalartsorscience.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcontemplate:

vt.considerdoingsth.inthefuture盘算；打算小时候他就打算做一名天文学家。Hecontemplatedbeinganastronomersincehewasyoung.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelsaturate:

vt.

fillsth.completelywithalargenumberofthingsoralargeamountofsth.使充满他打开其中一个容器，空气中立刻充满了刺激的化学气味。Heopensoneofthecontainersandimmediatelytheairissaturatedwithapowerfulchemicalsmell.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelsaturate:

vt.

makesth.completelywet使湿透水从洞里流进来，浸湿了地毯。Waterpouredthroughthehole,saturatingthecarpet.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelsaturated:a.

completelyfilledwiththingsorpeople充满的；充斥的他说现在卖房子很难了，二手房市场已经饱和了。Hesaysit’shardtosellahousenow;themarketfortheusedhouseissaturated.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelsaturated:a.

verywet湿透的；浸透的我小心翼翼地穿过湿漉漉的草地，双脚不时陷入雨水浸透的土壤中。Ipickmywaythroughthewetgrass,myfeetsometimessinkingintothesaturatedsoil.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveltrade…for…:exchangesth.youhaveforsth.elsefromothers用…交换…；相互交换一些幼儿园的孩子喜欢用自己的糖果换其他小朋友的巧克力。Somekindergartenchildrenliketotradetheircandyforother’schocolate.短语应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelfinite:a.(fml.)existingonlyinlimitednumbersoramountsorcontinuingonlyforalimitedtimeordistance有限的；有限制的如果你要在有限的时间里做更多的事，你就要学会怎样安排你的时间。Ifyouwanttodomorethingsinfinitetime,youshouldlearnhowtoarrangeyourtime.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelliteral:a.understandingwordsorideasonlyinabasicandobviousway,andnotshowingmuchimagination缺乏想象力的；刻板的他缺乏想象力，不擅长讲故事。Heisliteralandnotgoodattellingstories.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelliteral:a.

theliteralmeaningofawordisitsmostbasicmeaning字面意思的；原义的在英汉互译中，直译和意译是两种重要的翻译方法。InEnglishandChinesetranslation,theliteraltranslationandfreetranslationaretwoimportantmethods.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelprose:n.[U]writtenlanguageinitsordinaryform,asopposedtopoetry散文（相对诗歌而言）他花了几个小时讲述法国和英国的散文。HediscoursedforseveralhoursonFrenchandEnglishprose.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelverse:n.

[U](fml.)poetry,esp.poetrywitharegularpattern（尤指遵循一定诗律的）诗（歌）中国小学生都熟知李白的诗歌。ChinesepupilsarefamiliarwithLiBai’s

verse.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelverse:

n.[C]agroupofwordsorsentencesthatformonesectionofapoemorsong诗句；诗节；（歌词的）节合唱团只唱了赞美诗的两节。Thechoirhassungonlytwoversesofthehymn.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcognitive:a.relatedtotheprocessofknowing,understanding,andlearningsth.认知的；认知过程的认知心理学是对我们如何看待和思考这个世界的研究。Cognitivepsychologyisthestudyofhowweperceiveandthinkabouttheworld.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelimprison:vt.

(usu.passive)makesb.feelthattheyarebeingkeptinaplaceorsituationthattheycannotescapefrom限制；束缚“你可以禁锢我的身体，却束缚不了我的心。”他生气地对妈妈说。“Youcanimprisonmybody,butnotmymind,”hesaidangrilytohismother.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelimprison:vt.

putsb.inaprison关押；监禁政府把反对派领导人全部监禁起来。Thegovernmentimprisonedalloppositionleaders.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelmingle…with…:combineormakeonethingcombinewithanother使…与…混合她的泪水和脸上的血混在了一起。Hertearsmingledwiththebloodonherface.短语应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelexotic:a.

usedfordescribingthingsthatareinterestingorexcitingbecausetheyareinorfromdistantforeigncountries外国产的；外国来的你可以把外国香草和香料加到你最喜爱的菜肴里调味。Youcanflavoryourfavoritedisheswithexoticherbsandspices.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelexotic:a.

interestingorexcitingbecauseofbeingunusualornotfamiliar奇异的；别致的；异乎寻常的我们看到了来自于巴西热带雨林的各种奇异鸟类的照片。WesawpicturesofexoticbirdsfromthejungleofBrazil.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelendow:vt.(fml.)(~with)giveaparticularqualitytosth.,orsaythatsth.hasaparticularquality赋予；认为具有某种品质她天资聪颖。Shewasendowedwithintelligenceandwit.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveltrivial:a.notveryinteresting,serious,orvaluable

没意思的；不严重的；没价值的；琐碎的我不喜欢为一点小毛病就去看医生。Idon’tliketovisitthedoctorjustforsomethingtrivial.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelmulticultural:a.involvingorincludingpeopleorideasfrommanydifferentcountries,races,orreligions多元文化的；多种文化融合的这所学校已经在尝试将一种多元文化视角引入其课程。Theschoolhasbeenattemptingtobringamulticulturalperspectivetoitscurriculum.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelbeopentosth.:bewillingtoconsidermanydifferentpossibilities愿意考虑…领导们愿意就如何改善工作条件听取各种意见。Leadersareopentosuggestionsonhowworkingconditionsmightbeimproved.短语应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelambiguity:n.[C,U]thestateofbeingunclear,confusing,ornotcertain,orthingsthatproducethiseffect模棱两可；不明确她的发言有几处前后不一致和模棱两可。Therewereseveralinconsistenciesandambiguitiesinherspeech.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcircumference:n.

[C,usu.sing.]theedgeofacircleoraroundobjectorarea周边晚饭后他们沿着湖边漫步。Afterdinnertheywalkedaroundthecircumferenceofthelake.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcircumference:[C,U]thedistancemeasuredaroundtheedgeofacircleoraroundobjectorarea圆周；周长地球的周长大约为25,000英里。Theearthisalmost25,000milesincircumference.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelrenaissance:n.

[sing.]anewinterestinsth.,sothatitbecomespopularagain复兴；重新流行歌剧正在复兴，这是人们期待已久的好事。Operaisenjoyingalong-awaitedrenaissance.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelrenaissance:

(theR~)theperiodinEuropebetweenthe14thand16thcenturieswhentherewasincreasedinterestindevelopingart,literature,science,etc.（欧洲14世纪至16世纪的）文艺复兴时期文艺复兴时期，一些有史以来最伟大的画家都在佛罗伦萨工作生活。DuringtheRenaissance,someofthegreatestpaintersofalltimelivedandworkedinFlorence.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelfacet:n.[C]anaspectofsth.suchasasituationorsb.’scharacter（情形或某人性格的）某一方面他在这部电影中的角色的一个侧面是严厉的父亲。Onefacetofhisroleinthefilmisthatofasternfather.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelinsular:a.notinterestedinmeetinganyoneoutsideyourowngrouporcountry,ornotinterestedinlearningnewideasorwaysofdoingthings与世隔绝的；思想狭隘的；固步自封的他在岛上生活了很多年，过着与世隔绝的生活。Helivedaratherinsularlifeontheislandformanyyears.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveldrawback:n.[C]afeatureofsth.thatmakesitlessusefulthanitcouldbe不足；欠缺这是座很不错的城市，唯一的不足就是连年阴雨。It’sagreatcity.Buttheonlydrawbackistherainyweatherovertheyear.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftraveljetlag:n.[U]thefeelingofbeingverytiredandsometimesconfusedbecauseyouhavetraveledquicklyonaplaneacrosspartsoftheworldwherethetimeisdifferent飞行时差综合征；时差反应我时差反应很厉害，但好好睡上一夜就会感觉好些的。I’msufferingfromjetlagbutI’llfeelbetterafteragoodnight’ssleep.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelmoreoftenthannot:usually往往；多半很多成功男人的背后往往都有一位助他一臂之力的女人。Behindmanysuccessfulmenthereis,moreoftenthannot,awomanwhomakesthissuccesspossible.短语应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcornerstone:n.[C]thebasicpartofsth.,onwhicheverythingdepends基础；根本；基石在大多数国家，家庭仍然是社会的基础单位。Inmostcountries,thefamilyunitisstillthecornerstoneofsociety.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravelcornerstone:

n.[C]thestoneatoneofthebottomcornersofanewbuilding,oftenputthereduringaspecialceremony奠基石建筑物一般都有奠基石，就连钢和玻璃结构的建筑物也有，上面通常刻有开工日期。

Buildings,eventhosemadeofsteelandglass,usuallyhaveacornerstone,oftenengravedwiththedateconstructionbegan.词汇应用SectionAThesurprisingpurposeoftravel1早晨四点一刻，闹钟把我从美梦中惊醒，要不是突

然看见早已收拾好的行李箱，我几乎又要睡着。想起来还要去机场，我叹了口气。出租车来晚了，并且在途中迷了路，我越来越担心会赶不上飞机。出租车一到机场我就冲进去，跌跌撞撞通过安检处，终于，我来到了登机口。令人惊奇的旅行目的ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA经历这一早所有的麻烦事，我乘坐的航班却被取消了。在接下来的218分钟里，我被困在了机场，唯一觉得安慰的是机场提供的一杯免费咖啡。这就是旅行，让人心烦的跑跑停停。最终，在不知经过多少小时之后，终于到达要去的地方。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA2我们为什么要旅行？其实，我并不介意飞行本身，在这样一个密实的金属大鸟中飞行，让我感到很奇妙。然而，旅程其余的部分，从一大早X光检查到出售大堆纪念品的糟糕的机场商场，感觉就像是关于现代社会弊病的乏味课程。这是全球化的结果，它糟糕透了。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA3当然，有时候我们旅行是因为我们需要去旅行。因为即使在这个数字化时代，我们仍然有一些很重要的事情要去做，比如在商务午餐中与生意伙伴握手，或是在感恩节这天吃上妈妈特别准备的食物，或是在你和你女朋友的两周年纪念日这天去看她。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA4但是大多数旅行是可去可不去的，在超过50英里的旅行中，只有30%属于真正必需的商务旅行。我们旅行是因为我们想要去旅行，因为到一个新地方的兴奋和激动可以抵消在机场的各种烦心事；因为工作压力太大，我们的血压太高，我们要去热带地区度假；因为在家实在太无聊；因为航班都在打折；因为巴黎毕竟是巴黎。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA5多亏了现代航空技术，我们现在可以以非凡的速度在空中穿梭。在人类历史中，这是我们第一次超过太阳——在短短一天中从一个半球到达另一个半球。当然，仅仅往飞机上一坐是不够的。我们要想认识到旅行在提高创新力方面的价值，还得再全面考虑其目的。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA毕竟，大多数人逃到巴黎，是因为这样他们就可以不必考虑家里的那些烦心事。但是，具有讽刺意味的是，当我们坐在豪华的左岸咖啡馆时，我们的脑子极有可能能解决那些最棘手的问题。因此,我们应该考虑那些在家里解决不了的问题，而不是琢磨那些奶油甜点。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA6但更应该知道的是我们的思想被熟悉的东西所充满。大脑是一个几乎具有无限可能性的空间，这就意味着它花了大量的时间和精力选择不去注意什么。因此,我们牺牲创造力来换取效率。我们以字义明确的散文方式思考，而非以具有象征意义的诗歌方式思考。然而，一点的距离就可以帮助我们放松禁锢我们认知的链条，使新旧思想的结合更容易，对平淡无奇的事情可从更抽象的角度加以认知。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA有研究指出，体验异国文化可以赋予我们宝贵的开放性思维，使我们更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多种意义。想一想把食物剩在盘子里这个行为：在中国，这通常被看成是一种赞美，说明主人提供了足够的食物。但是在美国，同样的行为却暗含侮辱，表明食物不够好，人们不愿意吃完。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA7这种多元文化对比说明，经验丰富的旅行者会接受对事物的多样性解读，他们欣然认识到对这个世界可以有截然不同（但却同样有效）的方式进行解释。这也从而让他们扩大了“认知输入”的范围，因为他们拒绝仅仅满足于他们的最初答案和先前的猜测。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA8当然，这种思维的灵活性不仅仅来自纯粹的距离变化，即简单的经纬度的变化。相反，这种创造力的复兴似乎是差异所带来的副产品:我们需要处于不同的文化中，体验人类传统中纷繁复杂的多样性。在国外旅行中让人迷惑的同一个方面的问题（如我该给服务生小费吗？火车要把我带到哪里？），产生了一种持久的影响,使我们更加具有创造性,因为我们不再那么视野狭隘了。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA我们了解了我们不知道的东西，而这些东西几乎涵盖了一切；我们对接连不断的惊喜感到惊奇。即使在这个全球化的时代，我们仍然会对所有未包括在《旅行指南》中的、平常的东西感到惊奇，而这些东西在自己家中也不存在。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA9当然，我们也并不是假装旅行没有缺点，或是说我们忍受飞行时差综合反应只是为了消遣。在卢浮宫我们迷路十个小时，那不是因为我们喜欢迷路。我们站在马丘比丘古城遗址顶端俯瞰的风景可能也并不能弥补我们丢失行李的麻烦。（通常，我在假期结束后还需要一个休假。）我们旅行是因为我们需要旅行，因为距离与差异是创造力的秘密基石。我们回家后，家还是那个家，但是我们的思维已经有所改变，而这就可以改变一切。ThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA1.Accordingtoresearch,theexperienceofanexoticcultureendowsuswithavaluableopenmindedness,makingiteasiertorealizethatevenatrivialthingcanhavemultiplemeanings.(Para.6)v.+-able→adj.WordBuildingThesuffix-ablecombineswithverbstoformadjectives.Adjectivesformedinthiswaydescribesomeoneorsomethingthatisaffectedbytheactionorprocessdescribedbytheverb.value+-able→valuableThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionA2.Ifwewanttorealizethecreativebenefitsoftravel,thenwehavetore-thinkitsoverallpurpose.(Para.5)adj.+-ize→v.Thesuffix-ize

cancombinewithadjectivestoformverbs(Forexplanation,refertoWordbuildinginUnit3).real+-ize

→realizeThesurprisingpurposeoftravelSectionABecauseworkisstressfulandourbloodpressureistoohighandweneedavacationsomewheretropical.(Para.4,TextA)名词性表达转译为动词性表达由于英汉两种语言的表达习惯不同，在翻译时有时需要进行词类转换。具体来说，是指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。SectionATranslationSkillThesurprisingpurposeoftravel译文：因为工作压力太大，我们的血压太高，我们要去热带地区度假。SectionA1Becauseworkisstressfulandourbloodpressureistoohighandweneedavacationsomewheretropical.(Para.4,TextA)Thesurprisingpurposeoftravel分析：这里的“avacationsomewheretropical”译为“去热带地区度假”，即是名词性短语译为动词性短语的活用，更符合中文的表达习惯。接下来两个本单元例句中的“experience”以及“indication”同样运用到了转换法。译文：有研究指出，体验异国文化可以赋予我们宝贵的开放性思维，使我们更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多种意义。SectionA2

Accordingtoresearch,theexperienceofanexoticcultureendowsuswithavaluableopenmindedness,makingiteasiertorealizethatevenatrivialthingcanhavemultiplemeanings.(Para.6,TextA)Thesurprisingpurposeoftravel译文：但是在美国，同样的行为却暗含侮辱，表明食物不够好，人们不愿意吃完。SectionA3

ButinAmericathesameactisasubtleinsult,anindicationthatthefoodwasn’tgoodenoughtofinish.(Para.6,TextA)Thesurprisingpurposeoftravel译文：这似乎是在为忽视贫困者的行为辩解，为剥削、为社会上层人群的优越以及底层人群的卑微