2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5WorkingtheLand四单元小测课时作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit5WorkingtheLand课时作业(四)单元小测必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thedishyoumadewasmuchtoo________(salt)．2．Theyhavemadeawrong________(assume)thatmenandwomenthinkalike.3．Thetooliscomprised________fourkeycomponentsthatenableyoutoachievetheseresults.4．Hedevotedallhislifeto________(expand)theoutputofgrain.5．It________(estimate)thattheprojectwilllastfouryears.6．Thankstoscience,wehavelearnttotellthedifferencebetweenfantasyand________(real)．7．Vietnamissufferingfromfood________(short)．8．I________(convince)thathehaslearnedfromhismistakes.9．Itisobvioustothestudents________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.10．________wewillspendoursummerholidayisstilluncertainnow,butIpersonallyhopetogotoaseasidecity.Ⅱ.完成句子1．随着老年人口的增加，经济发展变得缓慢。________________________________，thedevelopmentofeconomyhasbecomeslow.2．假如处理不当，轻伤会造成大麻烦。________________________________，slightinjuriescancausegreattrouble.3．如今，在网上买的很多东西要比在商店里买的便宜。Nowadays,manythings________________________________________.4．使很多家长担忧的是校内食品平安。________________________________isfoodsafetyinschool.5．这位名人是否会出席慈善派对还不确定。________________________________thecharitypartyisstilluncertain.6．这是我们其次次胜利地实行如此重要的会议。Itwasthesecondtimethat________________________________suchanimportantmeeting.7．只要有一点耐性，你就会成为和我们校长一样受欢迎的老师。Justhavealittlepatience,andyouwillbecome________________________________ourheadmaster.8．对于这个公司来说，完成这项技术革新估计须要1000万美元。________________________________forthecompanytocompletethistechnologicalinnovation.9．虽然袁隆平是一个闻名的科学家，然而他在内心深处依旧是一个农夫。YuanLongpingisstillafarmeratheart________________________________.10．考虑到她对教学感爱好，我可以确定这一职位是最适合她的。________________________________，I'msurethepositionisthemostsuitableforher.关键实力提升练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources(来源),aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills(风车)begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind(磨碎)wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.However,bythe1940s,whenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates,windmillswererarelyused.Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercosts.Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.1．Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills________.A．wereinventedbyEuropeanarmiesB．haveahistoryofmorethan2800yearsC．usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareasD．haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered2．Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?A．Sailingaboat.B．Producingelectricity.C．Grindingwheatintoflour.D．Pumpingwaterfromunderground.3．Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat________.A．windpoweriscleanerB．itisoneoftheoldestpowersourcesC．itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwindD．thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds4．Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A．Theadvantageofwindpower.B．Thedesignofwindpowerplants.C．Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.D．Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.Ⅱ.七选五Thankstotheearth,wehavefreshairtobreathe,cleanwatertodrinkandwarmsunshinetoenjoy.Butitseemsthatwemayhavetakenthesethingsforgrantedandnotrealizedthatourplanetisgetting“sick”.__1__Morethan15,000scientistsaroundtheworldhavewrittenalettertowarnabouttheenvironmentalchallenges.Amongthoseenvironmentalchallenges,climatechangesitsatthetop.Globalaveragetemperatureshaverisenbymorethan0.5℃since1992.__2__Itmeansthatheatwaveswouldlastaroundathirdlongerandrainstormswouldbeaboutathirdmoreviolentifwetakenoaction.Theincreaseinsealevelswouldalsobemuchhigher.CountrieslikeSingaporeandTokyothatareatlowaltitudes(海拔)maybecoveredbytheoceaninthefuture.__3__It'sgettinghardertogetfreshwater.Oceanpollutionhasbecomeserious.Since1992,thehumanpopulationhasgrownby2billion,whilethepopulationsofallotheranimalshavedroppedbynearly30percent.Scientistssaythatweareexperiencingthesixthmassextinction(大灭亡)inhistory.Morethantwo­thirdsoftheworld'swildlifecouldbegonebytheendofthedecadeifactionisn'ttakensoon.__4__However,wehavemadesomeprogressbymakingtheholeintheozone(臭氧)layersmaller.That'sbecausewegraduallystopusingchemicalsthatcanbreakdownozone,agasthatprotectstheEarth.__5__A．Ahalf­degreetemperatureriseisabigdeal.B．Butthisisnottheonlyproblempeoplearefacing.C．Infact,scientistshaverecentlygivenusawarning.D．Scientistsalsopointoutthatglobalwarmingwillcontinueforcenturies.E．Allthecountriesintheworldshouldtakeactiononbehalfoffuturegenerations.F．TheAmurleopardandTheCrossRivergorillaaresomeofthemostendangeredanimals.G．Thisprogressshowsthatwecanmakepositivechangeswhenweact,thelettersays.Ⅲ.完形填空Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwallsamong__1__.Ihaveorganizedandreorganizedanappointmentwiththedentistformonths.Ialso__2__ittwiceandcalledthedaybeforeto__3__allthepaperworkwouldbereadyfortheX­rays.ThenIarrived.Itwasn'treadyatall.Theladythereevenhadno__4__aboutwhatIwastalkingabout.Iimmediatelyfeltmybloodboil.Iwasgettingso__5__.Ididn'tyellatherbutthe__6__Iwastalkingtoherwasnotnice.Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.Itwasnotagoodmoment.Thewholetimeshesmiledandwas__7__tome.Onlywheneverythingwasfinally__8__wasInice.Isatdowninthewaitingareaand__9__itall.HowcouldImakeitbetter?HowcouldImakeupformyimpolitebehavioramomentago?Icouldn't.Icould__10__herachocolatebarIhadonme,butthisneededmorethanthat.Itneededanhonest__11__.AndthatwasexactlywhatIgave.IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoherandtoldheritwaswrongofme.She__12__，againwithasmile.Itwasfortunateformetomeetthatwomanwhosmiledandforgaveso__13__.IcanberudeandwhenIam,I__14__myselfforit.Iamnotthatperson,notanymore.YetIcontinuetogrowandcontinueto__15__.It'struethatthesmilemademyangerdisappearandopenedadoortounderstanding.1．A.friendsB．strangersC．patientsD．relatives2．A.confirmedB．arrangedC．discussedD．admitted3．A.concludeB．approveC．ensureD．apply4．A.planB．thoughtC．ideaD．mind5．A.madB．excitedC．humorousD．curious6．A.habitB．wayC．accentD．tune7．A.rudeB．attachedC．friendlyD．devoted8．A.reportedB．addedC．foundD．sorted9．A.reflectedonB．workedatC．calledupD．wentthrough10．A.postB．lendC．throwD．gift11．AmentB．promiseC．apologyD．suggestion12．A.refusedB.agreedC．ignoredD．accepted13．A.slowlyB．easilyC．frequentlyD．casually14．A.teachB．forgiveC．hateD．praise15．AplainB．roarC．whisperD．learnⅣ.语法填空YuRong,aChineseartist,thinksofanewwaytointroduce1.________ancientstoryofHuaMulaninherpicturebook.Inthebook,IAmHuaMulan,shetellsthestoryby2.________(combine)paper­cuttingwithinternationalartisticstyles.SheplacesShaanxipaper­cutsoverwestern­stylepencilsketches(素描)3.________(create)atypicalpresentationofChineseelements(元素),whichturnsouttobea4.________(success)andimpressivebreakthrough.HuaMulan,5.________storyhasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,isafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386－534).Asadevoteddaughter,shedressedherselfasamantoserveinthearmy6.________placeofherfather.Mulan'scharacteristics,suchascourage,kindnessandadisinterestedattitudetowardfameandfortune,made7.________(she)oneofthemostrespectedhistoricalChineseheroines.Mulan'sstoryhasbeenadapted8.________(frequent)inmodernmedia,includingTVshows,videogamesandliterature.Forexample,in1998,DisneyproducedafilmnamedMulan,which9.________(consider)agreatsuccessbycriticsandthepublic.Tobettertellthestory,YuRongtakesinspirationfromherseveral10.________(visit)tositesofancientbattlesandHenanⅤ.概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Advertisingplaysamajorroleinthecompetitivebusinessworld.Manyindustriestakeadvantageofthepowerofadvertisingtoattractortowincustomersawayfromtheirbusinesscompetitors.Theinfluenceofadvertisingissohugethatitcausesmanypeopletobuythingsthattheydon'twantatthestart.Advertisingencouragespeopletobuythingstheydon'twantthroughmisleadingideas.Advertisingisprovedtobeasuccessfultooltostressthefeaturesoftheirproducttothepubliceventhoughit'sregardedasundesirablesuchascigarettes,drugs,alcoholsandsoon.Forexample,Dunhill,acigarettecompanywhichsponsorsmanyfootballteams,seemstobepromotingcigarettestothepublic.Withoutthesponsorship(资助),thecompanywillbelessknowntothepublic,resultinginfewersalesofcigarettes.Besidesthat,advertisinghasalargeinfluenceonthedecisionsmadebythepeopleintheireverydaylife.Manybusinessesuseadvertisingasaformofpromotingtocreateawarenessabouttheirproductinthemarket.Forinstance,inafastfoodindustry,theintroductionofanewflavourofburgerneedsadvertisingtoreachthepublicwhiletheotherburgersrequireadvertisingtoincreasesales.Children,especially,areeasilyinfluencedbyadvertisementsandwillhavethedesiretodineatfastfoodrestaurantsafterthat.Althoughfastfoodisbadforhealth,ithassuccessfullybecomeappealingtothepublicthroughadvertising.However,advertisingplaysapartinhelpingcustomerstocompareaproductintermsofprice,quality,reliabilityandsoon.Withoutadvertising,itwillbeverydifficultforcustomerstojudgetheworthinessofaproduct.Forexample,advertisementspublishedbyvariouscompanieshavegiventhecustomerstheopportunitytochoosewiselywhenpurchasinganitem.Withoutthepowerofadvertising,customerswillbestucktoabrandwhichmaynotofferthebestchoice.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课时作业(四)单元小测必备学问基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．salty2.assumption3.of4.expanding5.isestimated6.reality7.shortage8.amconvinced9.that10.WhereⅡ.完成句子1．Withthepopulationoftheelderlyincreasing2．Iftreatedimproperly3．boughtonlinearecheaperthanthoseatthestore4．Whatworriesmanyparents5．Whetherthecelebritywillattend6．wehadsucceededinholding7．aspopularateacheras8．Itisestimatedthat10milliondollarswillbeneeded9．despitethefactthatheisafamousscientist10．Giventhatsheisinterestedinteaching关键实力提升练Ⅰ.阅读【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了风能及风能运用的状况。在能源短缺的今日，作为最为干净、丰富的风能，确定会对我们的生活作出极大的贡献。1．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据其次段句子可知，十九世纪末有了电之后，偏僻地区的人们就利用风车发电，于是人们就有了电灯和收音机，因此选择C项。依据第一段windmillsbegantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC可知，A项错误；B项错在morethan；依据末段句子可知，尽管成本较高，人们依旧运用风能供应电力，因此D项错误。2．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据其次段句子可知，人们最初利用风车磨面或抽水，十九世纪末有了电之后，人们又用其发电，因此选择B项。3．答案与解析：A推理推断题。依据最终一段可知，二十世纪七十年头，人们注意环保，而且相识到煤和气的短缺；而风能的特点是干净、丰富和历史悠久，但是成本较高，因此选择A项。4．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据末段句子Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.可知，接下来作者应当谈论利用风能发电的状况，因此选择D项。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍我们赖以生存的地球生病了，科学家警告我们环境污染会带来哪些威逼。1．答案与解析：CInfact,scientistshaverecentlygivenusawarning.(事实上，科学家最近已经给了我们警告。)与下文Morethan15,000scientistsaroundtheworldhavewrittenalettertowarnabouttheenvironmentalchallenges.(全世界超过15000位科学家已经写了一封信来警告环境改变的问题。)承接自然，两句讲解并描述的话题一样，故选C项。2．答案与解析：AAhalf­degreetemperatureriseisabigdeal.与前文承接自然，这两句都陈述气温上升，故选A项。3．答案与解析：BButthisisnottheonlyproblempeoplearefacing.(但这并不是人类所面临的唯一问题。)与上文CountrieslikeSingaporeandTokyothatareatlowaltitudes(海拔)maybecoveredbytheoceaninthefuture.(像新加坡和日本那样的位于低海拔地区的国家将来可能被海洋淹没。)和下文It'sgettinghardertogetfreshwater.(获得淡水变得更困难。)连接自然，设空处在此处起到承接上文、引出下文的作用，故选B项。4．答案与解析：FTheAmurleopardandTheCrossRivergorillaaresomeofthemostendangeredanimals.(远东豹和克罗斯河大猩猩是一些最濒危的动物。)与上文Morethantwo­thirdsoftheworld'swildlifecouldbegonebytheendofthedecadeifactionisn'ttakensoon.(假如不快速实行行动，将会有超过三分之二的野生动物在十年内消逝。)承接自然，设空处是对上文内容的举例说明，故选F项。5．答案与解析：GThisprogressshowsthatwecanmakepositivechangeswhenweact,thelettersays.与上文However,wehavemadesomeprogressbymaking...agasthatprotectstheEarth.承接自然，故选G项。Ⅲ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者去看牙医，之前已经预约好并一再确认，但到达之后却发觉那边什么都没打算。作者很生气，但却得到了一位服务人员的微笑服务，这让作者很内疚，也让作者感受到了微笑的力气。1．答案与解析：B依据语境以及常识可知，微笑可以破除生疏人之间的壁垒，故选B。2．答案与解析：A“我”也两次确认并且在前一天打电话以确保全部照X光的资料打算好了。依据句意可知答案为A。confirm“证明，确认”；arrange“支配”；discuss“探讨”；admit“承认”。3．答案与解析：C参见上题解析。conclude“断定”；approve“赞成”；ensure“确保”；apply“申请，应用”。故C项符合文意。4．答案与解析：C依据前一句“Itwasn'treadyatall.”可知，此处表示那位女士甚至不知道“我”在讲什么。havenoidea为固定搭配，意为“不知道”，故选C。5．答案与解析：A依据空前一句“Iimmediatelyfeltmybloodboil.”可知，此处表示“我”很生气，故选A。6．答案与解析：B依据空前的but和下文中的“Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.”可知，“我”跟她说话的方式并不友好。最终一段中的“forthewayIhadspokentoher”也是提示。7．答案与解析：C依据空前的“shesmiledand”可推知，自始至终她都在微笑，对“我”很友好，故选C。rude“粗鲁的”；attached“附属的，依恋的”；friendly“友好的”；devoted“忠诚的，投入的”。8．答案与解析：D依据空后的wasInice可知，此处是说当一切都支配妥当了“