Unit 1 Back to school Grammar and usage 课件-高中英语译林版(2020)必修第一册-1

Sentenceselements&Sentencestructures句子成分和句子类型Madeby@FerminaSentenceelementssubject

主语verb谓语attributive

定语predicative

表语adverbial

状语object

宾语objectcomplement宾语补足语SentenceElements句子成分Theboygetsupatsixo’clockeverymorning.

Ihavejustfinishedmyfirstdayofseniorhighschool.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Settinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlife.Torealizeyourpotentialmeansyouneedtosetagoalfirstsubject（主语）句子所谈论的主体、发出动作者名代数词动名词不定式verb（谓语）又称“谓词”，指谓语部分的主要动词，通常说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征和状态1.简单谓语：动词/动词词组Opportunityliesineachchallenge.Ienjoymyseniorschoollife.2.复合谓语:情态动词/助动词+动词Youwilldiscoveryourpotential.Hedoesn’tlikehisnewschool.verb（谓语）情态动词：can，could，may，

might,will，shall，

would，should，

must，need，haveto，oughtto,dare，dared助动词：be（is,am,are,was,were,being,been）进行态/被动语态have（has,had,having）完成时do（does,did）强调/三单/过去时shall，will（should,would）将来时Unit8Agreenworldverb（谓语）HeiswatchingTVnow.ThemachinewasmadeinChina.Shehasbeenworkingallday.Johnshouldbepunished.ImusthavebeensenttoYueyaseniorhighschoolbythen.To

fullyrealizeyourpotential,

it

isimportantforyoutomakethemostofourschoolresources.object（宾语）指动作的对象、承受动作者有的动词后面可以接两个宾语，通常把其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语（indirectobject），把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语（directobject）Weshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Jackofferedme

somehelpfuladvice.间接宾语直接宾语双宾语动词：award,buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,show,teach,tell,

bring,do,pass,sell,send,sing,write...

object（宾语）Showyour

passport,please!HeiswatchingTVnow.Ferminalikesallofus.Iwanttofighttenofthem.Nobodyknowswhocanpasstheexam.Tomgavemeabook.Unit8Agreenworldpredicative（表语）连系动词(Linkingverb)后面的成分，说明主语的身份、特征和状态常见的系动词：be动词

五感官：feel,look,sound，smell，taste

状态：seem，appear

变化：become,get,turn，go

持续：remain，stay，keep

Heisateacher(名词）.

Itasteit(代词）.

Sheseemedhappy（形容词）.Everythinggoesworse.Hekeepssilentatthemeeting.谓语动词>系动词attributive（定语）修饰名词或代词。常翻译成“...的”单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之前短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之后(后置定语)Iwenttoalargelibraryyesterday.Hedoesn’thaveanythingtodoatthemoment.attributive（定语）Chinaisagreatsocialist

.

Ihavea

pencil

box.

Youshouldtakemy

advice.

Ihavetwo

brothers.

Canyoupassmethebookthere

?

Potentialisyournaturalabilitythatcanbedeveloped.Adj.Pron.定语从句N.数词副词attributive（定语）TouristsfromdifferentcountriesenjoyChinesefood.

Theboytotaketheballismyson.

Thereisareadingroominourdepartment.Thewoundedsoldierwastakenofftothehospital.

Theladywhoisstandingthereisourteacher.

定语通常由形容词担任，也可以由名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、非谓语形式或从句充当。介词短语作定语非谓语形式作定语从句作定语（定语从句）Unit8Agreenworldadverbial（状语）修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步等。Iamveryconfident.IlearntalotaboutschoollifeintheUK.Inthemorning,peoplegotowork.WhenIwasyoung,thereweremanyclubstojoin.IcameherebecauseIwantprotectmyfamily.I

studiedhard,soIpasstheexam.Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldberesponsibleforyourstudy.complement（补语）用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况补语分为主语补语（subjectcomplement)和宾语补语（objectcomplement）Heismadechairmanoftheclub.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.宾语补语主语补语objectcomplement（宾语补足语）Theyelectedmethepresident.Ifinddrivingeasy.Mywifelockedmeout.Ismellsomethingburninginthekitchen.Ifindmysonbeatenbysomeone.Yourwifewon’tallowustoplaycards.名词形容词副词doing现在分时done过去分词todo不定式Ifindherpretty.（形容词）Ifindheraprettygril.（名词）Ifindhersmiling.（现在分词）Ifindherfollowedbymanycameras.（过去分词）可以做宾补的词性是不定式（todo)，名词，形容词，副词，非谓语

(doing/done/todo/do)。complement（补语）Sheisfoundpretty.（形容词）Sheisfoundaprettygirl.（名词）Sheisfoundsmiling.（现在分词）Sheisfoundfollowedbymanycameras.（过去分词）Myfriendwho

wears

longblack

hair

told

methatshe

got

married

LastmonthinBeijing,which

made

me

surprised.主主主谓谓谓谓主定宾状宾宾补宾英语句子的灵魂是？谓语动词verbverb1不及物动词verb2单及物动词verb3双及物动词/授予动词verb4复杂及物动词verb5非动作5大基本句型S＋

V主

谓He

goesaway.他走了。Theboy

iscrying.这个小男孩在哭。I

run我跑步。Everysecond

counts.分秒必争。Thegirl

sleeps.女孩睡觉。不及物动词VI：不需要宾语O，就可以独立完成的动作

Themandied.Thepoorkidraisedbyhisgrandparentssucceded.Herunsquickly.Theylistenedcarefully.Ferminaleft.Astudentisimproving.practice单及物动词

Vt：需要一个宾语O（动作承受者）

I

study

English.我学习英语。I

hate

smoking.我讨厌抽烟。Theyenjoy

dancing.他们享受跳舞。She

iswriting

aletter.他在写信。He

knows

thatheiswrong.他知道他错了。S＋

V＋O主

谓

宾Sheboughtanewcar.Iloveherper-so-na-lity.Ferminalosthercon-fi-den-ce.Theyenjoybal-let.Sheneedsanex-pe-ri-ment.practice双及物动词：需要2个宾语O授予动词

You

bought

me

anewdictionary.She

gave

me

anewdress.I

told

him

thesecret.I

sent

them

aletter.授予动词：give,ask,send,teach,tell,buy,offer,provide,supply,pass...S＋

V＋

人IO＋物DO主

谓

间宾

直宾S＋

V＋

人IO＋物DO主

谓

间宾

直宾S＋

V＋物DO＋for/to＋

人IO主

谓

直宾for/to间宾You

bought

me

anewdictionary.She

gave

me

anewdress.I

told

him

thesecret.I

sent

them

aletter.Ibookyouarestaurant.Youboughtadictionaryforme.Shegaveadresstome.Itoldthesecrettohim.Isentalettertothem.Ibookarestaurantforyou.practice我给了她一张教学卡片（flashcard）。他教了我一些学习策略（strategy）。Fermina将会给我们讲个笑话。give—gaveteach—taughtIgaveheraflashcard.Hetaughtmesomestudystrategies.Ferminawilltellusajoke.复杂及物动词：需要1个宾o,＋补充说明We

keep

thetable

clean.我们保持桌子干净。You

mademe

happy.你让我开心。We

thinkyousmart.我认为你聪明。Iheard

himsingingasong.我听见他在唱歌。I

found

mostofstudentsandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我发现大多数学生和老师很友好且有帮助。S＋

V＋O＋C主

谓

宾

补S＋

V＋O＋C主

谓

宾

宾补He

makestheworldbetterplace.Iwishyougoodluck.Love

makespeoplestupid.We

keeptheroomclean.Mymotheraskedmetodothedishes.Hemademelie.Idon’tmindhimstayingup.Doyouhearsomeonecrying.Icouldn’tmakemyselfunderstood.n.名词n.名词adj.形容词adj.形容词todo不定式省略to的不定时vingvingdonepracticeIpaintmyroompink.Ihadmyhaircut.Iseemychildrenexchangingtheiropionions.Shedrivemeannoyed.Ferminaallowsustotakenotes.findtheobjectcomplement.找宾语补足语todo不定式adj.形容词done动词过去分词

表被动doing动词现在分词表进行adj.形容词SVOC/SVIODOSVIODOYouboughtme

anewdictionary.SVOCWekeep

thetable

clean.OC转化为主系表Thetableisclean.√IODO转化为主系表Iamanewdictionary.×主谓双宾

不能＋be转化为

主系表主谓宾补

能够＋be转化为

主系表SVOC/SVIODOSVIODOYouboughtme

anewdictionary.SVOCWekeep

thetable

clean.OC位置互换Wekeepcleanthetable.×IODO位置互换.Youboughtadictionaryforme.√主谓双宾

能够互换位置主谓宾补

不能互换位置practiceIgavehimathousanddollars.Theyfoundthemanhonest.WeelectedLiHuaourmonitor.Mybrothersentmealetterlastmonth.Ifoundthefilminteresting.telltheirsentencestructure.分辨SVOCSVIODOSVOCSVIODOSVOC非动作She

isoutgoing.Fermina

looksannoyed.Mr.Yan

looks

frightened.Thecake

tastes

delicious.Iamadesigner.Classtwo

isconfident.practice思考：主谓宾

主系表的区别S＋

V＋P主

系

表状态beThedoctorareverypatient.持续keep,remain,stay,Healwayskeptsilent.像seem,appear,lookHeseems(tobe)verysad.感官feel,smell,sound,tasteThiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.变化become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runShegrewrichwithinashorttime.终止prove,turnoutHisplanturnedoutasuccess.连系动词（Link-verb）:起连系作用的词语。主谓宾：做什么主系表：怎么样

是什么Miss.Linwasanxious.StudentsinClasstwoarecurious.Ipreparedtheexam.Shoppingonlinebringsusadvantages.SLPSLPSVOSVOConsolidation(1)

Plantsneedwater.(2)

Theflowerissofresh.(3)

Theyworkhard. (4)

Hegivesmesomeseeds.(5)

Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.ExerciseSVOSVPSVSVOOSVOC主谓状：主语+谓语+状语（SVA）They

work

hard.主语S谓语V状语AOthersentencestructure主谓宾状：主语+谓语+宾语+状语（SVOA）We

like

thefilm

verymuch.主语S谓语V宾语O状语A谓语动词

verb5.S（L）P主系表SVA主谓状SVOA主谓宾状特殊句型：Therebe存现句/强调句/倒装句不及物动词vi单及物动词vt双及物/授予动词vt复杂及物动词vt非动作系动词v/l1.SV主谓2.SVO主谓宾3.SVIODO主谓双宾4.SVOC主谓宾补1.________________初中2.for-ward向前adv.

Backward向前看adv.____________________期待做某事____________________________这些外国人很期待再次去中国。3._______________依赖依靠______________adj.依赖的___________n.依赖______________adj.独立的_______________n.独立4.________

n.焦点重点

v.集中_____________集中注意力在…______________________________集中注意力在你自己的事情上。JuniorhighschoolLookforwardtodoingTheseforeignersarelookingforwardtogoingtoChinaagain.Dependon/relyonDe-pen-dentDe-pen-den-ceIn-de-pen-dentIn-de-pen-den-cefocusFocusonFocusonyourownbusiness1.___________adj.详细的_____________详细的提示_____________n.细节（可数）2.__________n.尖端小费提示（可数）3.______________基于

_________n.基础_______________________________________基于你的话，他是错的。4.____________________________________提醒某人某事这个玩偶总是我想起我的小孩。______________________________________5._________________坚持做某事________________________________坚持利用学校的资源。Remindsb.todo/Remindsb.ofdoingtipBaseonbasisdetailedDetailedtipsdetailsBasedonyourwords,hewaswrong.Thistoyalwaysremindsmeofmychildren.SticktodoingSticktotakingadvantageofschoolresourcesExploringtherules

SubjectVerbIagreeSubjectVerbPredicativeSubjectVerbObjectSubjectVerbIndirectobjectDirectobjectSubjectVerbObjectObjectcomplementThesehabitswillbehelpfulYouwillliveahappylifeSettinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlifeSettinggoalsmakesyoumoreconfidentExploringtherules

1.Thesubjectandthe_______arenecessarypartsofasentence.2.Atransitiveverbisalwaysfollowedbya(n)__________.3.Someverbscanhavetwoobjects.Theindirectobjectusuallyreferstoapersonandthedirectobjectathing.4.Theobjectcomplementaddsmoreinformationabouttheobject.verbobjectWorkingouttherules主语

谓语是句子的必备部分。及物动词后必有宾语。一些动词有两个宾语，直物间人。宾语补足语为宾语补充说明信息。PartA

Whatis

theimportanceofsettinggoals?Settinggoalsalsohelpsyoudevelopgoodhabits.Finally,settinggoalsmakesyoumoreconfident.Settinggoalsgivesyouafocusinlife.爱因斯坦曾说：“如果你想拥有幸福的生活，把它和目标联系起来。我赞同，在很多方面，目标都很重要。设立目标让你生活有重心。现在设立什么目标，就决定你未来要成就什么事业。这样你就就知道你讲去往哪里，如何努力去那里。设立目标还帮助你养成好习惯。为了实现目标，你就得制定一个好计划，管理你的时间，注意细节。这些目标非常有用。最后，设立目标还会让你更自信。当你完成一个目标，你就会看见自己努力的结果、取得了多大进步。目标是需要行动的梦想。正因为你的行动，你的梦想才有机会实现、过一个好的生活。CBDGEAFPartB2Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

Howwesetgoals.Tipsaboutsettinggoals.Setgoalsthatcanbeachieved.Breakbiggoalsintosmallones.Writeyourgoalsonpaper.1.把...和...连接起来2.养成好习惯3.有效管理时间4.由于你的行为5.实现6.敦促某人做某事7.根据你的能力制定目标8.把大目标分成小目标9.以...为自豪10.实现长远目标tiesthtosthdevelopgoodhabitmanag