2025版高考英语一轮复习选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors学案含解析新人教版

PAGE选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors————[单元主题语境]———人与社会之重大政治、历史事务，文化渊源(2024·高考浙江卷)话题：挽救图书词数：268难度：★★★AliaBakerisalibrarianinIraq.Herlibraryusedtobea36placeforallwholovedbooksandlikedtoshareknowledge.They37variousmattersallovertheworld.Whenthewarwasnear,Aliawas38thatthefiresofwarwoulddestroythebooks,whicharemore39toherthanmountainsofgold.Thebooksareineverylanguage—newbooks,ancientbooks，40aShehadaskedthegovernmentfor41tomovethebookstoa42place,buttheyrefused.SoAliatookmattersintoherownhands.43，shebroughtbookshomeeverynight，44hercarlateafterwork.Herfriendscameto45herwhenthewarbrokeout.Aniswhoownedarestaurant46tohidesomebooks.Allthroughthe47，Alia,Anis,hisbrothersandneighbourstookthebooksfromthelibrary，48themovertheseven­footwalland49themintherestaurant.Thebooksstayedhiddenasthewar50.Thenninedayslater,afireburnedthe51totheground.Oneday,thebombingstoppedandthe52left.Butthewarwasnotoveryet.Aliaknewthatifthebooksweretobesafe,theymustbe53againwhilethecitywas54.Soshehiredatrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs(郊区).NowAliawaitedforthewartoendand55peaceandanewlibrary.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了在战火中，AliaBaker和身边的人英勇地爱护书籍的故事。36．A.meeting B．workingC．personal D．religious解析：依据下文可知，爱书人士常常到Alia的图书馆看书、共享学问，对于这些人来说，该图书馆是一个聚会处，故选meeting。答案：A37．A.raised B．handledC．reported D．discussed解析：结合语境可知，他们在这里探讨全世界各种各样的事情，故选discussed，表示“探讨，争论”。答案：D38．A.worried B．angryC．doubtful D．curious解析：依据上文提到的斗争即将来临，以及下文提到的Alia和身边的人爱护图书馆书籍的内容可知，此处指Alia很担忧书籍在战火中被毁掉，故选worried。答案：A39．A.practical B．preciousC．reliable D．expensive解析：依据语境及下文的mountainsofgold可知，Alia认为这些书比金山还要宝贵，故选precious，表示“宝贵的”。答案：B40．A.then B．stillC．even D．rather解析：空处上下文在语义上表示递进，指甚至(even)还有700年前的有关伊拉克历史的书籍。答案：C41．A.permission B．confirmationC．explanation D．information解析：依据语境可知，她希望得到政府允许把书搬到平安的(safe)地方，但他们拒绝了。asksb.forpermission“恳求某人的许可”，符合语境。答案：A42．A.large B．publicC．distant D．safe解析：参见上题解析。large“大的”；public“公共的”；distant“遥远的”。答案：D43．A.Fortunately B．SurprisinglyC．Seriously D．Secretly解析：依据语境可知，每晚很晚下班后，Alia偷偷地把书带回家。secretly“隐私地，偷偷地”，符合语境。答案：D44．A.starting B．parkingC．filling D．testing解析：依据上下文语境及空后的hercar可知，Alia把书装到她的汽车里运回家。fill表示“装满”。答案：C45．A.stop B．helpC．warn D．rescue解析：依据下文的内容可知，斗争爆发后，她的挚友们也赶来帮助(help)她。答案：B46．A.intended B．pretendedC．happened D．agreed解析：依据下文可知，Anis同意把一些书藏在自己的餐馆里，agreetodo...“同意做……”，符合语境。答案：D47．A.war B．nightC．building D．way解析：依据语境可知，他们整晚都在从图书馆往外搬书，这也照应了上文中的everynight。答案：B48．A.put B．openedC．passed D．threw解析：依据上下文可知，他们要把书递过7英尺的高墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里。pass表示“传递”。答案：C49．A.hid B．exchangedC．burnt D．distributed解析：参见上题解析。hide表示“隐藏”。下文的hidden亦是提示。答案：A50．A.approached B．eruptedC．continued D．ended解析：依据语境及上文中的“thewarbrokeout”可知，斗争还在接着(continued)。答案：C51．A.restaurant B．libraryC．city D．wall解析：依据语境及下文中的anewlibrary可知，图书馆被全部焚毁了，故选library。答案：B52．A.neighbours B．soldiersC．friends D．customers解析：一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们(soldiers)也撤离了，但斗争仍未结束。答案：B53．A.sold B．readC．saved D．moved解析：依据下文可知，Alia知道，尽管城市是宁静的，但假如要想保证这些书的平安，就必需把这些书再转移(moved)出去。答案：D54．A.occupied B．bombedC．quiet D．busy解析：参见上题解析。occupied“被占据的”；bombed“遭到轰炸的”；quiet“宁静的”；busy“繁忙的”。答案：C55．A.dreamedof B．believedinC．caredabout D．lookedfor解析：依据语境可知，Alia等待着斗争的结束，幻想着(拥有)和平和一个新图书馆。dreamof表示“幻想，期盼”。答案：A一、语言实力熟词生义/词类活用1．mattern.事情2．ownvt.拥有3．meetingn．会面，聚会二、思维品质1．完形填空技巧——利用作者看法或感情色调关联解题在高考完形填空文章中，我们肯定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，细致找出能够反映作者看法和感情色调的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。如第48题，解答本题时，单纯依据句意“把书从七英尺高的墙上过去”，学生简单选“threw”。依据第一段可知，Alia特别珍爱她的书，因此，不行能是“扔”过墙去。错选此题主要是因为没有把握住作者看法和感情色调。2．分析长难句并翻译句子Whenthewarwasnear，Aliawasworriedthatthefiresofwarwoulddestroythebooks，whicharemoreprecioustoherthanmountainsofgold.[分析]when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句，whicharemoreprecioustoherthanmountainsofgold为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thebooks。[翻译]当斗争接近时，Alia担忧战火会把这些图书毁掉，这些图书对她来说比金山更宝贵。三、文化素养思索：通过阅读这篇文章，你从这名伊拉克图书管理员身上学到了什么？爱国不是高喊空洞口号，而是一种不忘使命的担当和敢于牺牲的奉献精神。爱国主义是中华民族的民族心、民族魂。青少年学生要切实肩负起时代给予的使命，为祖国的旺盛发展和中华民族的宏大复兴贡献青春、才智和力气。授课提示：对应学生用书第251页NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．assumehisinnocence假定他是无罪的2．skillfulworkers娴熟工人3．arrestlawbreakers逮捕犯法者4．worshipeverythingforeign崇洋媚外5．ripenthecrops使庄稼成熟6．acceleratetheeconomicgrowth加快经济增长7．ampleevidence充分的证据8．primitiveman原始人9．aregularpulse有规律的搏动10．havetwoalternatives有两个选择[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Aftertheidentificationofvictim'sDNA,thepoliceidentifiedtheidentityofthevictim.(identify)2．Whilecalculatingthemathsproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontotheaccuracyofthenumbers,oryoucan'tfigureitoutaccurately.(accurate)3．Theboyneedsanewpencilsharpenertosharpenhispencil,becausehisoldsharpenerisn'tsharpenough.(sharpen)4．Withtheteacher'shelp,Ianalysedthedataofthisexperiment.Theteacherthoughtmyanalysisisreasonable.(analyse)5．Thescientiststhinkhisinventionisofgreatsignificance，becauseitissignificanttocurethepatientsofthecholera.(significant)6．ThefamousprofessormadeaninspiringacademicspeechintheBritishAcademyofFilmandTelevisionArts.(academy)7．Thecandiesweredividedoutamongallthekids,buttheycouldnotagreeuponthedivisionofthem.(divide)8．Theaudiencewarmlyapplaudedwhentheperformancecametoanend,andtheapplauselastedforseveralminutes.(applaud)02阅读单词…………标注不相识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□excavate□beast□quilt□hammer□skateboard□yogurt□craftsmanship□wrinkle□punctuation□eyebrow□archaeology□tentative□acute□category□systematic□delete□scratch□academy□mat□howl□spearNO.2短语——在拼法中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．atmosttwentypeople最多不过20人2．careabouttheold关切老人3．beawareofsafety有平安意识4．regardlessofageorincome不分年龄或收入5．befedupwiththecitylife厌倦城市生活6．datebacktoherchildhood追溯到她的童年时代7．begintolookahead起先展望将来8．sighwith/inrelief宽慰地舒了口气[词汇积累]1．多种“选择”供你选①alternativen．可能的选择adj.供选择的②optionn．选择③optionaladj.可选择的④choicen．选择⑤choosev．选择⑥selectv．选择⑦electv．推举；选择⑧pickv．选择⑨votev．&n．选出；选举2．v.­ing也可以是介词或连词①assumingconj.假设；假定②consideringprep.鉴于；考虑到③includingprep.包含；包括④supposingconj.假设；假如⑤providingconj.假设；假如⑥concerningprep.关于⑦followingprep.在……之后3．无被动语态的动词短语聚焦①datebackto/from追溯到②belongto属于③consistof由……组成④cometrue变成现实⑤takeplace发生⑥breakout爆发⑦runout用完；耗尽NO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请依据提示完成下列句子1．as引导的非限制性定语从句正如和中文一样，学习英语也须要大量的练习。AsisalwaysthecasewithChineselearning，Englishlearningalsocallsforlotsofpractice.(2024·天津3月高考)2．ifonly虚拟语气，意为“要是……就好了”我们一唱完这首歌，全部的观众都给了我们热情的掌声。要是你当时在场就好了。Assoonaswefinishedthesong,alltheaudiencegaveuswarmapplause.Ifonlyyouhadbeenthere.(2024·高考浙江卷)3．onlytodosth.“不料；结果……”，动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的状况我的父亲给警察局打电话，却发觉电话打不通。Myfathertelephonedthepolicestation，onlytofinditcouldn'tgetthrough.(2024·高考浙江卷)4．hadjustdonesth.when...刚做完某事这时……他刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。Hehadjustgonetobedwhenthetelephonerang.授课提示：对应学生用书第252页1．alternativeadj.供选择的；其他的n.可能的选择；选择对象[写作佳句]Weshouldmakebetteruseofalternativeenergy，suchassolarandwindpower.我们应当更好地利用可替代能源，比如太阳能和风能。[归纳拓展](1)analternativeto……的替代物(to是介词)havethealternativeofAorB要么做A，要么做B；在A或B二者中选一个havenoalternative/choice/optionbuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事。(2)“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式：can'tdosth.butdosth.candonothingbutdosth.can'thelpbutdohavenothingtodobutdosth.(3)alternativelyadv.可供选择地[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Thankyouforallowingmetodescribethesituation,whereIhadnoalternativebuttogive(give)uptheplan.②Comewithus,alternatively(alternative),meetusthere.③TheAppasksitsuserstoreportaccidentsandotherroadconditionsinrealtime,sootheruserscanavoidthetrafficjambyusinganalternativeroute.实力提升——句型转换Icoulddonothingbutreporthimtothepolice.→④Ihadnoalternativebuttoreporthimtothepolice.(alternative)→⑤Ihadnochoicebuttoreporthimtothepolice.(choice)→⑥Icouldnothelpbutreporthimtothepolice.(help)2．assumevt.假定；设想[写作佳句]Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾寒冷，就住在这些洞窟里。[归纳拓展](1)assumesb./sth.tobe...假定/假设某人/某事为……Itisassumedthat...据推想/假定……assumethat...假设/假定……(2)assumptionn．假定；假设ontheassumptionthat...假定……makeanassumption认为；假定(3)assuming(that)．..假设/假定……[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Assuming/Assume(assume)thatyouarechosentobeavolunteerattheOlympicGames,whatwillyoudo?②Alotofpeoplemaketheassumption(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.实力提升——完成句子③Itisassumedthatglobalwarmingandclimatechangemaycauseevenmoredisastersinthefuture.据推想全球变温煦气候变更在将来会引起更多的灾难。3．significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义[写作佳句]Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying，themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailylife.我们越多地了解这句名言的意义，我们在日常生活中就会获益越多。[归纳拓展](1)beof(great)significanceto...对……有(重要)意义beofno/littlesignificance不重要/不太重要attach(great)significanceto(doing)．..认为……(很)重要(2)significantadj.重要的；明显的Itissignificantthat...很明显……[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Astimegoesby,Iattachmoregreatsignificancetodoing(do)whatIamdoingnow.②Firstofall,themostsignificant(significance)thingistosetagoal,workoutaplanandcarryoutyourplanstepbystep.实力提升——完成句子/词汇升级③Itissignificantthatnowadaysfiberisstillconsideredtobeanimportantpartofahealthydiet.很明显，今日纤维仍旧被认为是健康饮食的一个重要部分。④Inmyview,practicinghandwritingissignificanttothestudents'growth.→Inmyview，practicinghandwritingisofgreatsignificancetothestudents'growth.4．regardlessof不管；不顾[写作佳句]Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient，regardlessoftimeandspace.除此之外，无论在时间上还是空间上网络使调查和投票变得简单、便利了。[归纳拓展](1)regardlessof强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接名词或whether，what引导的从句。(2)despite/inspiteof意为“尽管……但是……”，其后常接名词，不接从句。(3)asregards/withregardto关于；至于[实战演练]基础练透——同义替换/单句语法填空①Heisgoodcompany，despite(＝inspiteof)thefactthathetalksallthetime.②Asfor(＝Withregardto)myfavoriteChinesepoet,I'dliketointroduceDuFutoyou.③Regardless(regard)ofwhathappenedyesterdayandwhatmayormaynothappentomorrow，thepresentmomentiswhereweare.实力提升——完成句子④RegardlessofanydifficultyImeetwithonmywaytosuccess,Iwillnevergiveupandgoalloutformydreamuniversity.无论在通往胜利的路上遇到什么困难，我都不会放弃，为我幻想中的高校而全力以赴。5．dateback(to...)追溯到；始于[文化金句]Chinesetea­drinkingculturehasalonghistorydatingbacktomorethan1,000yearsago.中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。[归纳拓展](1)datefrom追溯到；始于；起源于gobackto追溯到……(2)uptodate时髦的outofdate过时的makeadatewithsb.与某人约会/预约setadatefor...确定……的日期[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Thetraditionalfriendshipbetweenourtwopeoplesdatesfromancientdays.②Accordingtotheexpert，thetemplehasahistorydating(date)fromtheearlyTangDynasty.③I'vemadeadatewithHaroldfornextSunday.Willyoubeavailabletocometogether?实力提升——完成句子④Tobeginwith,youwillseethehistoryofourschooldatingbackto50yearsago.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)首先，你会看到我们学校的历史，可以追溯到50年前。[实战贴士]①datebackto/datefrom一般无进行时态和被动语态；②谈论现在的某一物品时，常用一般现在时态；③作后置定语时，用现在分词形式。6．ifonly...“要是……就好了”[教材原句]Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见，安排得更好些就好了！[归纳拓展]ifonly...意为“要是……就好了”，用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。(1)ifonly...could/would/mightdo...表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)(2)ifonly...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望ifonly...haddone...表示与过去事实相反的愿望[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空/完成句子①IfonlyIhad(have)moretimetothinkaboutthissuggestionnow.②LookatthetroubleIamin！IfonlyIhadfollowed(follow)youradvice.③IfonlyIcouldgoback(我能回去)andresetmygoals.实力提升——翻译句子④我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。IfonlyIcouldliveinaworldfreeofairpollution.[实战贴士]onlyif...“只有……”，引导真实条件句。位于句首时，主句用倒装语序。

授课提示：对应学生用书第253页[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2024·高考江苏卷)Evenmoreworryingly，thefascinationwiththeinternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe“digitaldivide”betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.n.不同；差异②(2024·高考天津卷)SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.“Wheredoyouthinkyouare？”heasked.Iturnedsharply.adv.急剧地；突然大幅度地③(天津卷)Theauthorcouldmanagetoreadthebookthroughbecauseheidentifiedwiththestoryinthebook.与……产生共鸣2．一词多义(安徽卷)Incolonies(群体)thatrangeinsizefromafewhundredtotensofmillions,theyorganizetheirliveswithacleardivisionoflabor.BA．分割 B．分工C．分界线 D．除法Ⅱ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity'sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historicalaccuracy(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.②(2024·高考江苏卷)Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant(significance)，theresearchersfound.③(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories(category):thelikableandthestatusseekers.④(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Awomanexcusedtheinterruption(interrupt)andhandedmeanenvelope.⑤(全国卷)HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaidsharply(sharp)，“Don'tbesomean.”⑥(全国卷Ⅱ)Ihavenoalternativebuttoturn(turn)toyouforhelp.2．完形填空①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)However,Isoondiscoverthatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsofcampsamongtonsofrubbish.Ifindacleanmountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobepayingoff.A．new B．specialC．significant D．necessary解析：由前面的tonsofrubbish可知，此处指环境挑战是巨大的。new“新的”；special“特殊的，特别的”；significant“有重大意义的，显著的”；necessary“必要的”。答案：C②(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58aA．analyze B．describeC．rebuild D．control解析：由空后的“asituation,proce