新概念英语第三册时态和语态课件

时态和语态授课人：希希CONTENTS时态01语态习题练习030201时态时态：表示谓语动词的动作或状态发生的时间和方式。现在过去将来过去将来一般do/doesdidshall/willdoshould/woulddo进行am/is/aredoingwas/weredoneshall/willbedoingshould/wouldbedoing完成have/hasdonehaddoneshall/willhavedoneshould/wouldhavedone完成进行have/hasbeendoinghadbeendoingshall/willhavebeendoingshould/wouldhavebeendoing一、一般现在时1.形式：do/does,am/is/are2.用法：（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如always,often,usually,everyday,nowandthen,fromtimetotime。Healwaysactsontheprinciplehesetsforhimself.（2）表示客观事实或普遍真理。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Note:宾语从句中，如果从句是表示客观事实或规律句子时，时态可以不受主句时态限制，要用一般现在时。Theteachertoldhisstudentsthatlight

(travel)muchfasterthansound.Columbusprovedthattheearth

（be）round.travelsis（3）表示主语的特征、状态、能力、品质等。Peopleenjoyreadingbooksabouttherichandfamous.（4）表示安排或计划好的将要发生的动作，或表示按时间表将要发生的动作，这种安排不可更改或随意变动，常常用于动词：be，arrive，come，go，start，begin，leave，return，end，stop。Theconcertbeginsat7p.m.andendsat9p.m.（5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句或条件状语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。常见if,unless,when,until,assoonas等。I'lltellhimaboutthenewswhenhecomes.I'llgowithyouassoonasIfinishmywork.ShewillvisittheWestLakeifitdoesn'traintomorrow.3.时间标志词every系列：everymorning，everyafternoon，everyevening，everyday，everyweek，everymonth，everyyear频率副词系列：always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，never频率词组系列：onceaweek，twiceaweek，threetimesaweek，fourtimesaweekGaryisthebestsingerinmyclass.Nooneelse____sowell.singssang1.willsingissinging答案：A

简析：加里在我的班上是最好的歌手。没有其他人唱得如此好。“没有其他人比加里唱歌唱得好”为客观事实，故用一般现在时态，故选择A。

Theearthisaplanetandit____aroundthesun.goesgo2.willgowent答案：A

简析：地球是一个行星,它绕着太阳转。本题考查动词时态。表示客观事实或普遍真理用一般现在时，故选A项。

Youwillseemanyauntsdancingtogetheronthesquareifit____inthe

evening.willrainrains3.doesn'trainwon’train答案：C

简析：每次我们玩这个游戏Grace都赢。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的everytimeweplay可知此空用一般现在时态,故答案为C项。

Grace____thisgameeverytimeweplay.wonwins4willrainhaswon答案：B简析：如果晚上不下雨的话,你会看到很多阿姨在广场上一起跳舞。本题考查动词的时态。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。故选B项。Grandpa____glasseswhenhereads.waswearingwore5haswornwears答案

：D简析：当爷爷读书时,他戴着眼镜。本题考查动词时态。从句是一般现在时，所以主句也使用一般现在时，表示生活习惯，故选D。Don'tworry.Billwillhelpyoulookafteryourdogwhenyou____awayonbusiness.arewere1.willbehavebeen答案：A

简析：别担心。在你出差的时候，Bill会帮你照顾你的狗。本题考查状语从句的时态。在含时间状语从句的复合句中，当主句时态为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选A。

Ann____(speak)Germanverywell.1.He____(be)neverlateforschool.2.Thetrain____(leave)at10:04thisevening.3.Inever_____(drink)coffee.4.Baddriving____(cause)manyaccidents.5.speaksisleavesdrinkcausesShe____(like)math.6.Sarah____(walk)thedogeveryday.7.Ourtrain____(leave)at9:00.8.Shewon’tbehappyifshe____(see)thismess.9.Iftherain____(stop),theywillgoouttopickapples.10.likeswalksleavesseesstops露西擅长艺术。Lucyisgoodatart.安娜不经常喝茶。Ann

doesn’tdrinkteaveryoften.许多城里人每天骑自行车上班。Many

citypeopleridetheirbikestowork.我每天早上8点起床。Igetupat8o’clockeverymorning.我足球踢得很好，但自新年以来我就没时间去踢足球了。I

playfootballverywell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.二、一般过去时1.形式：did2.用法：（1）表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示特定过去时间的状语连用，如：threedaysago,yesterday,in1994,lastweek,lastyear。Iboughtadogyesterday.（2）表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与often,usually,seldom等频度副词连用。Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.3.标志词yesterday系列：yesterdaymorning/afternoon…last系列：lastnight/week/month/year…ago系列：twodays/weeks/months/yearsago…in系列：in1998/in2008…on系列：onSundaymorning/thismorning…Whatdidyoudo?I_______TVlastnight.

1.watchwatched答案：D解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法,，由did和lastnight可知此处应该用一般过去时。watchestowatch--DidyoudoanythinginterestinglastSunday?--Notreally.Ijust_____athome.

2.stayedamstaying答案：A解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法。staywillstayTheoldman____inShanghai,buthe____inHaikounow.wasborn;lives

wasborn;live3.isborn;livesbeborn;live答案：A解析：本题考查一般过去时的用法，一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或状态。Davidisatennisplayer.He

toplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.beginsbegan2.willbeginhasbegun答案：B

句意：David是一位网球运动员,当他六岁的时候他就开始打网球了。此题考查动词时态。从句中的“六岁”代表了过去的时间，从句的时态为一般过去时态,那么主句的时态自然确定为表示过去的某种时态，故选B。IwenttotheGreatWalllastweekend.IdidnotgototheGreatWalllastweekend.IwenttotheGreatWalllastweekend.Did

yougototheGreatWalllastweekend?—HasyourdaughtercomebackfromAustralia?—Yes.She____thereforthreeyears.hasstayedstays1.hadstayed

stayed答案

D句意:——你女儿从澳大利亚回来了吗?——回来了,她在那儿待了三年。本题考查动词的时态。设空处动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。易错警示本题容易错选A。如果只看到forthreeyears,认为它与现在完成时连用而忽视句

意,可能误选A项。

—Thebreadisreallydelicious.—Thankyou.I____itmyself.

mademake2.willmakeammaking答案

：A句意:——这个面包真的很好吃。——谢谢。我自己做的这个面包。本题考查一般过去时态。“我自己制作面包”这件事发生在过去，由此可知本空应用一般过去时态，故选择A。Thedebateonwhethertokeeppets____fortyminutesyesterdayafternoon.lastlasted3.willlasthaslasted答案

B句意:昨天下午,那场关于是否养宠物的辩论持续了四十分钟。本题考查动词的一般过去时态。根据yesterdayafternoon可知此处时态应为一般过去时。—Jerry,haveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?—Yes.I____therewithmyparentslastyear.gohavegone4.willgowent答案

D句意:——Jerry,你曾经去过长城吗?——去过,去年我和我父母去的那儿。此题考查时态。根据答句中的时间状语lastyear判断出此句是一般过去时,故选D。易错警示题干第一句中的现在完成时容易误导学生选择时态一致,从而也选择现在完成时,

考生一定要根据明确的时间状语进行判断和选择。

Istilldon'tknowwhat____whileIwasawayfromhome.You'llknowitallsomeday,Ibelieve.hadhappenedwouldhappen

5.hashappenedhappened答案

D句意:——我仍旧不知道当我不在家的时候发生了什么。——我相信总有一天你会知道的。本题考查一般过去时。上句中有while引导的时间状语从句,根据时态一致性的原则可知C选项不正确。再根据从句whileIwasawayfromhome可知主句内容应指“在我不在家时”发生过的事情,由此可知本句用一般过去时,故选D。

I'vejustreturnedfrommytriptoLondon.I____(visit)manyinterestingplacesthere.1.—Lindaisnotcomingforthepartytonight.—Butshe____(promise)!2.Severaljournalists____(interview)thelawyerabouttheinternationalcaseanhourago.3.—DidyoudoanythinginterestinglastSunday?—Notreally.Ijust____(stay)athome.

4.—Oh,myGod!I____(notknow)youwereinBeijing,too!Whendidyoucome?—IhavelivedinBeijingsince2015.5.visitedpromisedinterviewedstayeddidn'tknow1.句意:我刚从伦敦旅行回来,参观了那里很多有趣的地方。本题考查动词的时态。

根据前一句的时态是现在完成时,可知本句话是在具体描述发生过的事情,所以用一般过去时

态。2.句意:——琳达今晚将不来参加聚会。——但是她答应过!本题考查动词时态。由答语“但是她答应过”可知“答应”发生在说话之前,属于过去时间里发生的动作3.句意:几个新闻记者一个小时前就这个国际案件采访了那个律师。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语anhourago可知本空用一般过去时态4.句意:——上周日你做什么有趣的事了吗?——没什么,我只是待在家里了。本题考查一般过去时的用法。根据问句中的标志词“lastSunday”可知该题选择一般过去时5.句意:——噢,天哪!我不知道你也在北京!你什么时候来的?——我自2015年以来就住在北京了。本题考查动词的时态。由句意可知此处仅说明“不知道”这个动作发生在过去,与现在没有关系,所以本句应用一般过去时态三、一般将来时1.will+动词原形：将要发生的动作或存在的状态。Myelderbrotherwillbetwentyyearsoldnextyear.shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称。Ishall/willgetbettergradesnextterm.2.begoingtodo+动词原形，表明主观打算做某事或迹象表明即将发生某事。Jeanisgoingtomeetmeattheairport.Itiscloudy.Ithinkitisgoingtorainsoon.语法总结形式用法人称变化shall征求意见更多用于第一人称shall无变化will表示意愿临时决定不限will无变化begoingto已计划好有迹象的不限be有变化3.betodo:常表示按安排、计划、约定、意图、

职责、义务、命令或要求必须做的事或即将发生的动作。Thegovernmentistointroduceanewlawnextmonth.ThePrimeMinsteristovisitChinatomorrow.Note:beonthepointofdoing表示即将做某事，“正要做......，即将做......”Sheisonthepointofcrying.I'mbusynow.I____toyouafterschoolthisafternoon.talktalked1.willtalkhavetalked答案：

C

简析：我现在忙。今天下午放学后我找你谈话。本题考查动词时态。由句意可知还没有发生,应用一般将来时,故答案为C项。—Doyouhaveanyplansfortonight?—Yes,I____atthenewItalianrestaurantintown.eathaveeaten2.ateamgoingtoeat答案：D简析：你今晚有什么计划吗?有,我打算去镇上的那家新开的意式饭店吃饭。本题考查动词时态。根据句意和关键词plansfortonight可知应该使用一般将来时,故选D项。—Excuseme,whattimedoesFlightBA2793leave?—Justaminute.I____itforyou.checkchecked3.willcheckHavechecked答案：C

简析：打扰一下,BA2793航班什么时候起飞?请稍等,我为你查一下。本题考查动词的时态。根据Justaminute.可知,此处应用一般将来时。故选C项。牛刀小试Ibelievehe________(be)abletoreachthetopofthemountain____________(两天后).There____________________(notbe)anewAmericanfilmon_________________(下周).____yourteacher____(show)youaroundthemuseum_____________________(明天早上).Theschoolsportsmeeting________________(take)place_________________________(2018年10月).willbeintwodaysisnotgoingtobenextweekWillshowtomorrowmorningisgoingtotakeonSept.10th,20184.beabouttodo表示正要或即将发生的动作，不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。Thenewschoolyearisabouttobegin.Weareabouttoleave,sothereisnotimetovisithernow.Note:否定形式：benotabouttodo“不愿做......，不打算做.......”Sheisnotabouttomakethesamemistakes.5.bedoing表示在不久的将来要做某事，或按计划、安排将要发生的某事。Likeotherpeople,Iamstartingtopayattentiontomyhealth.IamtakingJaneoutofdinnertonight.Note:只能用于位移动词：join,leave,go,come,start,begin,arrive,stay,take,takeoffDecidewhetherwilldoorthepresentcontinuoustenseisbetterandfillintheblanks.

I___________________(always,love)you.

MyparentsandI__________________(visit)theArchitectureMuseumthisweekend.3.

Ithinkyou____________(find)thisguidebookuseful.4.

We____________(take)atriptoHubeinextmonthtoseemygrandmother.5._______________(you,contact)thetravelagentthisFriday?6.Ifyouaskhim,I’msurehe__________(give)youaridetotheairport.willalwayslovearetaking

Areyoucontacting

willgivearevisitingwillfindFillin

theblanks.Lily

____________________DingZhen’shometownduringtheOctoberholiday.

willvisit/

isvisiting

Fill

intheblanks.Lookatthecloudsinthesky.It_____________rainsoon,I’mafraid.isgoingtoFillin

theblanks.Thebaby______befouryearsoldnextyear.will一般将来时常见时间状语：tomorrow类：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow等next+时间：nextweek,nextmonth,nextyear等in+时间段：intwodays,inaweek等其他：inthefuture,oneday,someday等We____toYunBrocadeMuseumwiththeexchangestudentsthiscomingsummerholiday.wentgo1.havegonewillgo略Lookonthebrightsideoflifeandimaginethatyou____ahappyandsuccessfulfuture.hadwillhave2.havehavehad答案：B简析：往好的方面想,想象你会拥有一个幸福成功的未来。本题考查一般将来时的用法。由imagine和future可知,本题答案为BDoyouthink____ameetingtomorrowafternoon?istherethereisgoingtobe3.therewasthereis答案：B简析：往好的方面想,想象你会拥有一个幸福成功的未来。本题考查一般将来时的用法。由imagine和future可知,本题答案为BMyhandsaredirty.I____(wash)them.1.What____you____(wear)atthepartytonight,Michael?2.It’saniceday.Idon’twanttotakethebus.I____(walk).3.SteveisgoingtoLondonnextweek.He____(stay)withsomefriends.4.There’sagoodfilmonChannel6tonight.____you____(watch)it?5.amgoingtowashare…goingtowearamgoingtowalkisgoingtostayAre…goingtowatch四、现在进行时1.形式：bedoing2.用法：（1）表示现在、目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。TodaythenumberofstudentsarelearningEnglishintheclassroom.Heisstudyingphysicsveryhardthesedays.MaryishelpingTompackthissuitcaseatpresent.（2）与always,forever,constantly等副词连用，表示某种感情，如赞许、厌烦、不满、同情等。表示“总是，老是”。Heisalwaysmakingtroubleforhisfriends.Thelittleboyisalwaysthinkingofothers.3.标志词Look!Listen!now,atthismoment,atpresentthesedays,this/month/yearNote:不能用于进行时态的动词：（1）事实状态的动词have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue（2）心理状态的动词Know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hateNote:不能用于进行时态的动词：（3）瞬间动词

accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.（4）系动词seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn—Hurryup!We____foryouatthegate.—I'msorry,I'mcomingsoon.waitwillwait1havebeenwaitedarewaiting答案：D解析：-快点！我们都在大门口等你呢。-抱歉啊，我马上就来。根据句意，我们可知等是当前正在发生的动作，所以用现在进行时，故选D。—Ann,couldyouhelpme?—Waitaminute.I____．amlockingthedoorhavelockedthedoor2lockthedoorwaslockingthedoor答案：A解析：根据回答者的意思和时态可以分析出，“等我一下，我正在锁门”比较适合语境，故选A。Look!Alittleboy____ablindmancrosstheroad.helphelps3ishelpinghelped答案：C解析：当我们看到look这个标志词时，基本可以确定，后面要用现在进行时，故选C。Theboyis____(draw)apicturenow.1.They’re____(have)anEnglishlesson.2.What____(be)ourdaughterdoing?3.She____(listen)tomusic.3.Look!TomandJohn____(swim).4.drawinghavingisislisteningareswimming解析：主要考察动词变为现在分词的变化规律，并且需要注意主谓一致。—Honey,whereareyou?—I____.Justletmeputonmyshoes.comecame1amcoming

havecome答案：C

简析：亲爱的,你在哪儿？马上来,让我穿上鞋。根据语境可知这个动作是将要发生,属于将来时态,come这个词可以用现在进行时表示将来,所以选C项。Don'ttakethedictionaryaway.I____it.useused2amusing

haveused答案：C

简析：不要把字典拿走。我正在用它呢。本题考查动词的时态。由题干中的祈使句“Don'ttakethedictionaryaway.”可知用现在进行时,故选择C。

—Paul,I'mbusycooking.Canyougivemeahand?—Justaminute.I____mye-mail.amcheckingwillcheck3havecheckedwaschecking答案：A

简析：保罗，我正忙着做饭。你能帮我一下吗？稍等,我正在检查我的电子邮件。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知是正检查电子邮件，故应该选择现在进行时。

—CanIspeaktoMrs.Thomson?—Holdonplease.She____dishesinthekitchen.washeshaswashed4washed

iswashing答案：D

简析：我能和Thomson夫人讲话吗?——请稍等,她正在厨房洗盘子。本题考查动词时态。根据语境“洗盘子”为现在正在进行的动作,故用现在进行时,选D。Bequiet!Thebaby____.sleepsslept

5aresleepingissleeping答案：D

简析：安静点!婴儿正在睡觉。本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知应该使用现在进行时,主语是第三人称单数,故选D。Sorry,mumcan‘tcometothephonenow.She___________(have)ashower.1.Everyonewantstoreachthetopofthemountain,butallthehappinesshappenswhileyou_________________(climb)it.2.—Hi,Nora.Isyourmotherathome?—Justaminute!She______________(plant)flowers.3.—I'mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.—Butourfriends______________(wait)forus.4.We’reproudthatChina_______________(become)strongerandstrongertheseyears.5.主要考察现在进行时的用法和结构，并且考察了动词变现在分词的变化规律ishavingareclimbingisplantingarewaitingisbecoming五、过去进行时1.形式：was/weredoing2.用法：表示过去某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作。Iwasgoingshoppingwithmymumyesterdaymorning.Weweretalkingaboutthatbookatthattime.表示两个动作同时进行时候，用while连接。WhileTomwasdryinghiscar,henoticethatthegarageroofwasleaking.sb.was/weredoingsthwhensth.done.某人正在做某事的时候，某事正在发生。Thestudentswereplayingfootballoutdoorswhentheeducatorarrived.类似句型：sb.beabouttodowhensthdonesb.beonthepointofdoingwhensthdonesb.hadjustdonesth.whensthdone3.标志词：atthattimeatthatmomentthistimeyesterdaythewholemorningMary____amathproblemwithherclassmateswhenthemathteacherknockedattheclassroomdoor.hasdiscussedwasdiscussed1.wasdiscussingdiscusses答案：C简析：本题干中有when引导的过去时态的状语从句，这是过去进行时的标志之一，再根据句意，我们可以知道这空填过去进行时比较合适，故选择C项Wecouldn'tfindyouanywherearound8:00yesterdayevening.Iamsorryforit.MymotherandI____inthesquare.dancedwilldance2.weredancingaredancing答案：C解析：根据题干中around8:00yesterdayevening，这是过去进行时的标志词，而答句中，前半句用一般现在时，只是回答者对着听到的事情感到抱歉，而后半句说的仍然是around8:00yesterdayevening所发生的动作，而根据意思，我们可以发现，过去进行时会比较合适，故选择C项。-Isawthelightofyourroomwasstillonattwoo'clocklastnight.-Oh,I____afootballmatchoftheRussiaWorldCup.watchedwaswatchedamwatchingwaswatching答案：D简析：我看到你房间的灯昨晚两点还亮着。哦,我正在看俄罗斯世界杯足球赛。主语I和谓语动词watch之间存在主动关系,故排除B选项。根据时间状语attwoo'clocklastnight可知此处表示当时正在发生的动作,因此要用过去进行时,故答案为D项。1.SorryI‘mlate.I

____withafriendandIcompletelyforgotthetime.talkamtalkingwastalkingwilltalk2.答案：C

简析：对不起,我迟到了。我刚才正在和一个朋友谈话,完全忘记了时间。A项是一般现在时;B项是现在进行时;C项是过去进行时;D项是一般将来时。现在来迟了是因为刚才和朋友的谈话,后文有forgot(forget的过去式),提示此处要填过去的时态。Someexchangestudents

____withtheirhostfamiliesthistimeyesterday.arechattingwillchatwerechattinghavechatted3.答案：C简析：一些交换生昨天的这个时候正在和他们的寄宿家庭聊天。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语thistimeyesterday可知应用过去进行时态,故本题选择C。-Whendidtheclassroomhaveapowercut?-Thismorning,whilewe

aphysicslesson.havehadwerehavingarehavingwillhave4.答案：B简析：教室什么时候停电的?今天早上,我们正在上物理课的时候。本题考查动词的时态。根据问句和答语的while可知,此处表示过去正在做某事,应用过去进行时。故选B项。-Icalledyouat8:30lastnight,butyoudidn'tpickup.-Oh,I____“HuanlesongⅡ”athomeatthattime.havewatchedwerewatchingwaswatchingwillwatch5.答案：C简析：我昨晚八点半给你打电话了,但是你没有接。哦,那时我正在家里看《欢乐颂Ⅱ》。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语atthattime可知本题用过去进行时,故本题选择C。IsawSamandDavidintheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.They__________________(play)gameswiththeirclassmatesthen.语法填空01wereplayingCouldyoutellmewhereyoufoundMissGaojustnow?Certainly.Intheprincipal’soffice.They____________(talk)happilyatthattime.语法填空02weretalkingIsawJeffinthepark.He____________(sit)onthegrassandreadingabook.语法填空03wassittingDidyouwatchthefootballmatchonTVlastnight?Iwantedto,butmymother_______________(watch)herfavoriteTVprogram.语法填空04waswatchingTimCookcalledhismothereveryweekevenwhilehe_______________(travel)aroundtheworld.语法填空05wastraveling六、将来进行时1.形式：shall/willbedoing2.用法：表示将来某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作，或按计划在将来某一时刻、某段时间内或某个动作发生时将要进行的动作。Whatwillyoubedoingthistimetomorrow?ShewillbestudyingFrenchatcollegethistimenextyear.3.标志：at8a.m.tomorrow,inthenextthreeweeks,thistimetomorrow/nextweek/nextyearCompletethesentencesusingtheappropriateformsoftheverbs

inbrackets.Don'tcallmebetween12:30and13:00.I

________________

anap.(take)Afterthetraining,thefarmersdecidedthatthey

____________________________

tomatoesthenextyear.(grow)Theengineerwassurethatthemedicaltests

____________thathewashealthy.(show)Thedayaftertomorrowtheyaregoingtoplayfootballfrom4:00to6:00p.m.Soat4:30they

________________

soccer.(play)willbetakingwouldgrow/wouldbegrowingwouldshowwillbeplayingCompletethesentencesusingtheappropriateformsoftheverbs

inbrackets.Doyouthinkyou

___________________

thesamejobintenyearstime?(stilldo)Ifyouneedtocontactme,I

___________________

attheWaterfallHoteluntilthisSaturday.(stay)A:IfyouseeDavid,canyouaskhimtocallme?

B:Sure.I

________________

himthisafternoon.Iwilltellhim

then.(see)8.

A:IsitallrightifIcomeatabout7:00?

B:Notreally.I

________________

thenewsandhaving

dinnerwithmyfamily.(watch)willstillbedoingwillbestayingwillbeseeingwillbewatching七、现在完成时1.形式：have/hasdone2.用法：（1）表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或结果，着眼于现在。WehavejustcomebackfromtheUnitedStates.IhaveonlybeentotheGreatWallonce.（2）表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，而且还有可能继续持续下去。Theyhavebeenbestmatessinceschool.Theirmusichasbecomepopularinrecentyears.3.标志词：for+时间段/since+过去时间点(从句)already/yet/ever/never/just/recently/latelysofar/inthepastfewyearsuptonowinrecentyearsNote：since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheycametoChina.WhenPaindestroyedthevillage,everyonewaslookingforNaruto.Butnoonecouldfindhim.Wherehas

hegone?NarutohasgonetoMiaoMuMountain.HewasimprovinghisskillsinMiaoMuMountain.HehasbeeninMiaoMuMountainforoneweek.havegonetohavebeento去了到过已经去了某地，还没回来曾经到过某地，已经回来havebeenin已经在在某地一段时间特殊句型：（1）This/That/Itisthe+序数词+time+that从句从句应用现在完成时，“这是......第几次......”Thisisthefirsttimethathispaintinghasbeendisplayedtothepublic.Note：This/That/Itwasthe+序数词+time+that从句从句用过去完成时Thiswasthefirsttimethathispaintinghadbeendisplayedtothepublic.特殊句型：（2）“This/That/Itisthebest/worse/most/only...(+adj.)+n.+(that)从句”，从句用现在完成时ItistheeasiestjobthatIhaveeverdone.（3）“Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句”表示“自从......有多久”，since不能用否定形式，且时态用一般过去时。Ithasbeenthreeyearssincetheygotmarried.Itisfiveyearssincehewasinthearmy.—____youever____thehistorymuseum,Paul?—No,Ihaven’t.Do,visitDid,visit1.Have,visitedWill,visit答案：C解析：从现在完成时标志词ever和答语可知选C。—Look!Someone____theclassroom.—Well,itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit.iscleaningwascleaning2.hascleanedwillclean答案：C解析：根据itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit.可以判断打扫教室这个动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响，教室已经打扫了，所以这里用现在完成时。—____you____whatclubyouwanttojoin?—Notyet.Do;decide

Have;decided3.Are;deciding

Can;decide答案：B解析：根据句意：你已经决定参加哪个俱乐部了吗？表示已经做了某事用现在完成时。除此之外也可以通过答语Notyet得知选B。—WhatdoyouthinkofyourMiddleSchoollife?—It____manysweetmemoriesinmyheartinthepast3years.leaveleft4.hasleftwillleave答案：C解析：根据句意和现在完成时标志词inthepast3years可得知本题选C。Whatis瞬间动词？动作不能延续，动作一旦发生就立即结束，并产生某种结果。这类动词可以用于现在完成时，不能和for和since表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的有：buy,join,become,begin,come,go,die,leave,borrowWhatis延续性动词？动作不但可以延续，而且可以产生持久的影响。这类动词常用于表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的有：live,work,teach,study,stay,wait,sleepNote:瞬间转延续的规律瞬间动词→be+形容词/副词leave → beaway borrow → keepbuy → have begin → beondie → bedead finish → beoverjoin → bein become → begetto→ bein leave → beawayfallasleep → beasleepgetmarried → bemarried-Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthe

library？-Yes,I____itforthreedays.I’llreturnitthisafternoon.borrowedkept1.haveborrowedhavekept答案：D解析：forthreedays为一段时间，在现在完成时里不能和短暂性动词borrow连用,要换成延续性动词keep。Yangjiang,afamousfemalewriter,____foraboutamonthsofar.died

hasbeendead2.havebeendead

hasdied答案：B解析：foraboutamonth为一段时间，在现在完成时里不能和短暂性动词die连用,要换成延续性动词短语bedead。又因主语是第三人称单数，故用has。—Whatanicewatch!Howlong____you____it?—Fortwoweeks.will;buyhave;had3.were;having

did;buy答案：B解析：从问句howlong可知问拥有某物已有多久。Fortwoweeks为时间段在现在完成时里不能和短暂性动词buy连用,要换成延续性动词have。—Howlong____you____inLiping,Mr.Green?—Sincelastmonth.did;come

do;come4.have;come

have;been答案：D解析：从问句howlong问Mr.Green待在Liping有多久了，和答语现在完成时标志词sincelastmonth可知用现在完成时。又因come为瞬间动词，故不能和since引导的时间状语连用，改用延续性的been表状态。Myfather____(read)thenoveltwice.1.Thestudents____(study)inthemiddleschoolsincelastmonth.2.WuDong____(be)asingerforoneyear.3.____sheever____(teach)youEnglish?4.I____(give)myfriendanicebookrecently.5.hasreadhavestudiedhasbeenHas;taughthavegiven语法填空—Whereisyourbrother?—He______________totheshop.He’llbebacksoon.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I______________toNewYorktwice.hasgoneHavebeenhavebeen12语法填空—IsBennyhere?—No,he________________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.Tina________________Shanghaifortwoyears.12hasgonetohavebeeninIhaveborrowedthebookfor2weeks.1.Thefilmhasbegunfor5minutes.2.Ihaveboughtthebikefortwoyears.3.BobhavebeeninHainanfortwoyears.4.Thedoghasdiedforaday.5.keptbeenonhadhasbeendead八、过去完成时1.形式：haddone2.用法：表示过去某一时刻前已完成的事情，或者表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作。表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.ShehadwashedtheclothesbeforeshewatchedTV.3.标志词：before/after/when/by+过去时间bytheendof+过去时间，“到.....为止”Note:bythetime+时间①by+过去时间，主句时态：过去完成时（haddone）Bythetimehewas18,hehadappliedforadoctor'sdegree.②by+现在时间，主句时态：现在完成时（have/hasdone）Bynow,Ihavelearned6Englishsongs.③by+将来时间，主句时态：将来完成时（willhavedone）Bythetimeyoucomeback,I

will

havefinishedit.特殊用法：nosooner...than...hardly...when...scarcely...when...

一...就...Wehadnosoonerleftthevillagethanitbegantorain.=Nosoonerhadweleftthevillagethanitbegantorain.Theyhadhardly/scarcelylefttheirvillagewhen/beforethefloodpeakarrived.=Hardly/Scarcely

hadtheylefttheirvillagewhenthefloodpeakarrived.nosooner,hardly/scarcely

位于句首时，主句用部分倒装,将过去完成时中的助动词had提到主语之前。Tomhadmasteredfourlanguages____.sofarbyten1.lastyearnowTinahadlearntovertwothousandEnglishwords____.recentlyfortwoweeks2.bytheendoflastyearlastyear____Igothome,IrealizedIhadleftmykeysinthebackpack.WhenSince3.WhoForHe____inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.hadworkedworked1.hasworkedWillwork答案：A简析：在他参军之前，他已经在工厂里工作了三年。这里描述了两件事情，其中“参军”这件事发生在之后，因此“在工厂里工作”需用过去完成时。I____halfoftheworkbyyesterday,sotherestofitisjustapieceofcakeforme.finishhavefinished2.hadfinishedfinished答案：C简析：截止昨天，我已经完成了一半的工作，剩下的对我来说简直就是小菜一碟。这里截止时间是“昨天”属于过去的时间，而“完成了一半的工作”这件事在之前发生，因此用过去完成时。HowmanyEnglishwords____you____bytheendoflastterm?had;learnthave;learnt3.did;learnare;learnt答案：A简析：上个学期为止，你学了多少个单词？这里也有截止时间，并且是过去，所以用过去完成时。Thebus____forfiveminuteswhenTimarrivedatthestation.

wenthasleft4.hadlefthadbeenaway答案：D简析：公交车已经离开了5分钟了，提姆才到公交站。根据语境，“提姆到公交站”是发生在之后的，故“公交车离开”使用过去完成时。Bytheendoflastyear,Bob____(learn)3000Englishwords.1.Thatricholdman____(make)awillbeforehe____(die).2.WhenI____(arrive)atthestation,thebus____(leave).3.4.She____(notgo)toQingdaobecauseshe____(go)therebefore.5.hadlearnedhadmadediedarrivedhadlefthadpaintedmoveddidn’tgohadbeenWe____(paint)thehousebeforewe____(move)in.改为否定句Wehadlearned1,000Englishwordsbythen.Wehadnotlearned1,000Englishwordsbythen.1改为一般疑问句(肯定回答)Tomhadlefthisbackpackathomewhenhegottoschool.HadTomlefthisbackpackathomewhenhegottoschool?2Yes,hehad.画线部分提问By

the

time

I

arrived,

Tom

had

finishedthe

work.

WhathadTom

done

by

the

time

youarrived?

3由于我们犯了一个严重错误，所以计划失败了。Ourplanfailedbecausewehadmadeabadmistake.1在我睡觉前已经把所有的灯都关掉了。IhadturnedoffallthelightsbeforeIwenttobed.2上学期末Bob已经读了四本名著。Bytheendoflastterm,Bobhadreadfourclassics.3九、将来完成时1.形式：shall/willhavedone2.用法：（1）表示在将来某时之前或某动作发生之前已经发生的动作。Weshall/willhave