中考英语动词不定式专题复习配套学案

动词不定式专题复习含义“to+动词原形”这个结构叫做动词不定式，属于非谓语动词的一种。其否定式是“notto+动词原形”。动词不定式不能充当句子的谓语，常作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、后置定语、目的/结果状语等成分。Eg:Iwantbuyacomputer.×(两个非并列动词）Iwanttobuyacomputer.√(tobuy不定式结构作宾语）用法动词不定式作______.1.Todoexerciseregularlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.2.Tolearnanewlanguagerequirespatienceanddedication.*一般情况下，-todo做主语更多用于形式宾语句Itis+n./adj.+(for/ofsb.)+todosth.形S真S练一练：(1).It'seasyforSam_____Englishwell,becausehe________practicingspokenEnglishforsixyears.A.learn;keptB.tolearn;keepsC.learn;haskeptD.tolearn;haskept(2).____ateacheriswhatherparentswanthertodointhefuture.A.BeB.TobeC.being（二）动词不定式作______.1.IplantotakeaholidayinYunnanthiswinter.2.Alicetriedtolistentoteacherscarefullyinclassbutshefailedatlast.*常见动词搭配结构wanttodosth.plan/meantodosth.hope/wishtodosth.volunteertodosth.decidetodosth.expecttodosth.wouldliketodosth.trytodosth.remembertodosth.forgettodosth.start/begintodosth.refusetodosth.managetodosth.daretodosth.like/hatetodosth.offertodosth.learntodosth.*当动词不定式todo这个结构太长，为了利于理解句子意思，通常会把todo放到句子后面，原来的位置用个形式宾语it来代替。常见句型:Ifind/believe/think+it+adj./n.+(forsb.)+todosth.形O真OEg:（）Ifinditdifficult________Englishbymyself.studyB.studiedC.tostudyD.studying*可用“疑问词+todo”作宾语。eg：Idon'tkonwwhattodo.I'mnotsurewheretogo.Shewantstoknowhowtofinishthework.练一练：（）1.Ifinditinterestingarthistory.A.studyB.studiedC.tostudyD.studying（）2.FredhopeshisspokenEnglish,sohepracticesiteveryday.A.improveB.improvedC.improvinD.toimprove（）3.Hisbikeisbroken,buthedosen'tknowtofix(修理)it.A.howB.whatC.whomD.why（）4.Don'tforgetthelightswhenyouleave.A.toturnonB.turningonC.toturnoffD.turningoff（三）动词不定式作______,表示安排/命令/禁止/意愿/注定发生等意义。1.Mysuggestionistocarryouttheplanimmediately.2.WhatIwouldsuggestisnottoputoffthemeeting.3.Watermustbepureifitistobedrunk.4.Shelostthegameandseemstobesoupset.练一练：1.PresidentBidenis__________(visit)ourcountrytomorrow.2.Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouare_________(succeed).3.Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youare______(be)aloser.（四）动词不定式作______，通常修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后。1.He’salwaysthefirstonetogetup.2.Pleasegivemesomethingtodrink.练一练（1）Aftermonthsofunemployment,allheaskedforwasachance________(earn)hisbread.（2）Theopportunity________(live)in

Beijing

interestedSandra.（3）Ihavealotofhomework______(do).

（五）动词不定式作______.1.不定式可以用作_________，表示动作的目的。不定式作目的状语的位置可以在句首或句末。不定式可以替换为"inorderto"、"soasto"、"so(such)...asto"等，通常用于表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作，即尚未发生的将来动作。eg:1.Toget100points,wemustworkhard.2.Wemadeafiretokeepuswarm.3.Let'sgototheshoptobuysomebread.2.不定式可以用作__________，表示动作的结果。（1）不定式作结果状语常与learn,find,see,hear,make等动词连用。eg:Hereturnedhometofindhisdaughterhadjustbeenaway.only+不定式，常常表示出乎意料的结果。eg:IhurriedtoProfessorWang’shouseonlytofindhehadgonetowork.练一练（1）Shestudiessohard____________(enter)herdreamuniversity.（2）Iwalkedallthewayfromhometothelibrary,only________(find)itclosed.（3）Hehadtoearnenoughmoney__________(support)thefamily.（六）动词不定式作______，基本结构是“谓语动词+宾语+todo”。*常见动词搭配结构wantsb.todosth.advisesb.todosth.allowsb.todosth.asksb.todosth.tellsb.todosth.helpsb.todosth.invitesb.todosth.remindsb.todosth.forcesb.todosth.encouragesb.todosth.ordersb.todosth.*表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to，如see/hear/feelsbdo等。*使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to,如makesb.do;letsb.do。*表示心理状态或情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。练一练：（）1.Myteacherasksme________onthenationalholidays.to