高中英语语法篇主谓一致

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载高中英语语法篇———主谓一致归类主谓一致的基本原则主谓一致有以下三条原则：1)语法一致原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。例如，主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。例如：Thestudentsareveryyoung．Thispicturelooksbeautiful．2)意义一致原则，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如，主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数，谓语动词也采取复数形式；而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数，谓语动词也采取单数形式。1.Thepeopleinthatcountryarefightingforindependence．2.Thecrowddeeplyrespecttheirleader．

3.Threeyearsinastrangelandseemsalongtime．3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。例如：NeitherhenorIamgoingtoseethefilmtonightbecausewearebusy．“主语+介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致按英语习惯，介词短语通常不用作主语，所以当主语后跟有一个介词短语时，其后谓语动词的数只与介词短语前面的主语保持一致，而与介词短语无关。如：Awomanwithtwochildrenhascome.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。Everybodybutyouknowswhatwashappening.除了你以外，人人都知道出了什么事。Theteacher,togetherwithsomeofhispupils,wascleaningtheroom.教师和他的一些学生一起在打扫教室。以下两例中的aswellas也可视为介词，其后谓语与aswellas前面的主语保持一致：Thestudentsaswellastheteacherwerepresentatthemeeting.学生和他们的老师出席了会议。Iaswellastheyamreadytohelpyou.不仅他们愿意帮助你，我也愿意帮助你。并列结构作主语的主谓一致1.就近型：由or,either…or,neither…or,not…but…,notonly…butalso等连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致。如：Neitheryounorheistired.你和他都没累。NotyoubutIamtoblame.不是你的错而是我的错。Eithermyfatherormybrothersarecoming.不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。2.就远型：由aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan等连接的并列成分作主语，其谓语通常与前面一个主语保持一致。如：Theson,aswellashisparents,wantstogothere.不但儿子想去那儿，而且他的父母也想去。3.复数型：由and和both...and连接的并列成分作主语，其谓语总是用复数。如：(Both)NewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。注：当由and连接的两个并列主语受each,every,no的修饰时，其谓语用单数。另外，当and连接的两个的词语指同一个人或事物时，其谓语也要用单数。如：Everymanandwomanwantstojoinit.每个男女都想加入它。Ateacherandpoetvisitedourschooltheotherday.早几天一位教师诗人参观了我们学校。时间、距离、金额作主语时的主谓一致表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语，被看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；若强调个体也可以复数。如：Twentyyearsisalongtime.二十年是很长时间。Twokilometersisalongwaytogoonfoot.步行两千米是一段很长的路程。Sixmonthshavepassed,andwestillhavenonewsofthem.六个月过去了，我们依然没有他们的消息。比较：Tendollarsistoomuchforthisoldcoin.这个古币没有10块钱这么高的价格。Threedollarswerepaidfortheoldcoin.那个古钱花了3块钱。Twentyyearsisalongtime.20年是一段很长的时间。Twentyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.他们结婚已有20年了。

意义一致的三个典型用法1.形式上虽为单数，但意义为复数名词，如thepolice,people,cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Cattleeatgrass.牛吃草。Thepolicewerecalledin.警察被召来了。注：people作“民族”解时，其单数形式为people，复数形式为peoples，作主语时，应用语法一致原则。如：TheChinesepeopleisagreatpeople.中华民族是一个伟大的民族。56peoplesmakeupthebigfamilyofChina.56个民族构成中国这个大家庭。2.主语是指一类人的“the+形容词（或过去分词）”时，谓语动词通常用复数，这类词有：thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead,thedeafanddumb,theoppressed,theinjured,thewounded,theunemployed等。另外，像theChinese,theBritish,theIrish等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称，作主语时，谓语动词也用复数。如：Theinjuredweretakentohospital.受伤的人都送进了医院。TheEnglishdonotdrinkmuchwine.英国人不喝很多酒。3.形式上为复数，而意义上却是单数的名词，如news,mathematics,physics，politics,economics及以s结尾的书名、国名等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Mathematicsisthelanguageofscience.数学是科学语言。His“SelectedPoems”wasfirstpublishedin1965.他的诗歌选集最早是1965年出版的。主谓一致高考真题Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_____savedforotherpurposes.A.is B.are C.was D.wereOnethirdofthecountry______coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;isBarbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho_______eveningdress.A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.havewornListeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.is B.are C.has D.haveSuchpoetsasShakespearewidelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,somedifficulttounderstand.A.are；areB.is；isC.are；isD.is：areThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities_______risingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeenTheteachertogetherwiththestudents_______discussingReadingSkillsthat______newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;wasEitheryouoroneofyourstudents______toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.are B.is C.have D.beDr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea invited.A.were B.havebeen C.hasbeen D.wasAsurveyoftheopinionsofexperts thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone’shealth.A.show;are B.shows;is C.show;is D.shows;areAsaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea .A.needrepairing B.needstorepair C.needsrepairing D.needtorepairProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere____yet.

A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecidedThecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third usedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.A.is B.are C.was D.wereMostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmiths alsotrueoftheJohnsons.A.are B.is C.being D.tobeApoetandartist comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.is B.are C.was D.wereThefatheraswellashisthreechildren____skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.A.isgoing

B.go

C.goes

D.aregoingAsyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonroads_______risingthesedays.

A.waskeeping

B.keep

C.keeps

D.werekeepingNowadays,alargenumberofw