英语零起点第四册第三单元文章

AIDS—AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome艾滋病—获得性免疫缺陷综合征AIDS以前有人译为“爱死病”Aids单词可以解释为“帮助、援助”红丝带RedRibbon世界艾滋病日——12月1日LanguagePointsTheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysasmanyas10millionpeopleworldwidemayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDS.世界卫生组织称，世界范围内的艾滋病病毒携带者多达1千万人。WHO世界卫生组织asmanyas多达HIV艾滋病病毒(HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus)LanguagePointsTheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)says/asmanyas10millionpeopleworldwidemayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDS.主语：TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)谓语：says宾语从句:(that)asmanyas10millionpeopleworldwidemayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDSLanguagePointsTheWorldHealthOrganization(WTO)saysasmanyas10millionpeopleworldwidemayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDS.10million10个百万=1千万百/千/百万/十亿hundred/thousand/million/billionLanguagePoints百/千/百万/十亿hundred/thousand/million/billion1千3千onethousandthreethousandhundredsof成百上千的thousandsof成千上万的millionsof数百万的billionsof数十亿的LanguagePointsTheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysasmanyas10millionpeopleworldwidemayhavethevirus/thatcausesAIDS.译文：引起艾滋病的病毒that引导定语从句，修饰thevirus，thevirus作了定语从句的先行词。定语从句相当于一个形容词。“……的”形容词修饰名词；定语从句也修饰名词，即先行词。LanguagePointsAIDSisalife-threatening

sicknessthatattacksthebody’snaturaldefensesystemagainstdisease.艾滋病是一种威胁生命的疾病，它侵袭人体的自然免疫系统。life-threatening威胁生命的(复合形容词)sickness=disease=illnessn.疾病LanguagePointsAIDSisalife-threateningsickness/thatattacksthebody’snaturaldefensesystemagainstdisease.that引导定语从句，修饰sickness，sickness是定语从句的先行词。LanguagePointsItcandestroythebody’sabilitytoprotectitself.它会破坏人体的自然能力。LanguagePointsThepatienthaslittleabilitytofightoffmanyotherdiseases—includingpneumonia,cancer,blindnessandmentaldisorders.患者几乎没有什么能力来抵御包括肺炎、癌症、失明和精神失常等众多疾病。patient病人fightoff击退；抵御mentaldisorder精神失常LanguagePointsAtpresent,thereisnocureforAIDSandnovaccinemedicinetopreventit.目前，艾滋病无法医治，也无法预防疫苗。atpresent=now目前LanguagePointsTheAIDSvirusiscarriedinaperson’sbodyfluids.艾滋病病毒存在于人的体液里。iscarried被动语态(bedone)LanguagePointsTheviruscanbepassedsexuallyorbysharinginstrumentsusedtotakeintravenousdrugs.这种病毒传播可以通过性行为或共用静脉注射器。情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+bedonebyprep.通过(bydoing)drug药；毒品LanguagePointsItcanalsobepassedinbloodproductsorfromapregnantwomanwithAIDStoherdevelopingbaby.它也可以通过血液制品传播，也可以由一位患艾滋病的孕妇传染到腹中的婴儿。情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+bedoneLanguagePointsManystoriesaboutthespreadofAIDSarefalse.许多有关艾滋病如何传播的报道并不正确。spreadv./n.传播falseadj.错误的LanguagePointsYoucannotgetAIDSbyworkingorattendingschoolwithsomeone/whohasthedisease.与艾滋病患者一起工作或是学习不会感染上艾滋病。byprep.通过(bydoing)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词someoneLanguagePointsYoucannotgetitbytouchingdrinkingglassesorotherobjectsusedbysuchpersons.触摸他们用过的玻璃杯或其他物品也不会感染上艾滋病。byprep.通过(bydoing)LanguagePointsExpertssaynoonehasgottenAIDSbylivingwith,caringforortouchinganAIDSpatient.专家们说，从未有人因为与艾滋病患者一起生活，照料艾滋病患者或触摸艾滋病患者而感上艾滋病。byprep.通过(bydoing)carefor照顾LanguagePointsThereareseveralwarningsignsofanAIDSinfection.艾滋病感染时有几种可引起警惕的症状。LanguagePointsTheyincludealwaysfeelingtired,unexplainedweightlossandtheuncontrolledexpulsionofbodywastes.包括长期乏力、原因不明的消瘦以及大小便失禁。feel系动词+tired形容词=系表结构LanguagePointsOtherwarningsignsaretheappearanceofwhiteareasonthemouth,darkredareasofskinthatdonotdisappearandahigherbodytemperaturethannormal.其他引起警惕的症状还有：嘴上出现白色斑块，肌肤上出现紫色斑块且不消退，体温高于正常人的体温。LanguagePointsHowever,thatyouhaveoneormoreoftheseconditionsdoesnotmeanyouhaveAIDS.然而，如果你只有上述一种或几种症状，这并不意味着你已经得了艾滋病。conditionn.条件，情况LanguagePointsHowever,thatyouhaveoneormoreoftheseconditionsdoesnotmean/youhaveAIDS.主语：thatyouhaveoneormoreoftheseconditions(主语从句)谓语：doesnotmean宾语从句:(that)youhaveAIDSLanguagePointsAlwaysgotoadoctororhealthcentreforacompleteexamination.务必去医生那儿或医疗中心作一次全面体验。LanguagePointsThedoctormaygiveyouanAIDSbloodtest.医生可能会给你做艾滋病血液检查。bloodtest血液检查LanguagePointsDoctorssayitwillbemanyyearsbeforescientistsdevelopeffectivetreatmentsforAIDS.医生们说，科学家还需要许多年的时间才能研究出对付艾滋病的有效治疗法。before引导时间状语从句LanguagePointsUntilthen,healthexpertssay,thebestimmediatewaytodealwiththeproblemisthrougheducationandprevention.卫生方面的专家认为在此之前，教育和预防是解决这一问题的最佳、最直接的方法。good→better→bestdealwith处理=copewithThekeyknowledge定语从句相当于一个形容词。“……的”形容词修饰名词；定语从句也修饰名词，即先行词。WHO世界卫生组织asmanyas多达patient病人fightoff击退；抵御mentaldisorder精神失常atpresent目前drug药；毒品spreadv./n.传播falseadj.错误的carefor照顾bloodtest血液检查dealwith处理=copewithThetextsummaryAIDSstandforAcquir